Abstract: The subject of this study is a set of political reforms carried out by Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed from 2018 to the present. The object of the study is the internal political contradictions accumulated in Ethiopia from 1974 to 2018. The purpose of the work is to test the hypothesis that the policy of A. Ahmed is subject to the provisions of the theory of securitization of B. Buzan and O. Weaver and is aimed at transforming the conflict education of Ethiopia into a security regime. The topic of the study is relevant, since Ethiopia is considered by a number of scientists as a potential regional heavyweight capable of stabilizing the Horn of Africa region and ultimately influencing the security of the whole of Africa. Therefore, it is important to study the dynamics of political processes in modern Ethiopia. The research is based on the theory of regional security complexes by B. Buzan and O. Weaver. The methods of work are qualitative content analysis of official documents and expert opinions, as well as event analysis, logical and philosophical assumptions are allowed. A realistic approach is used to analyze the internal political situation in Ethiopia. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that the policy of Abiy Ahmed is analyzed not from the standpoint of historical approaches, but from the point of view of political science theory, which is applied to the political process taking place in our time. The author concludes that the political course of A. Ahmed is determined by the difficult situation in which Ethiopia found itself by 2018. The Prime Minister is trying to stabilize the situation in the country, using his rich experience and professional knowledge, trying to change Ethiopia's position as a conflict entity to a security regime, his internal policy traces approaches based on strengthening the central government, which, from the point of view of the theory of B. Buzan and O. Weaver, makes Ethiopia a functional entity capable of respond to existential threats and develop successfully.

Keywords: religion, desecuritization, securitization, regional security complex, conflict, Abiy Ahmed, Horn of Africa, Ethiopia, separatism, Tigray crisis

References:
Jima, A. O., & Meissner, R. (2021). Vicious circle of Ethiopian politics: Prospects and challenges of current political reform. Cogent Social Sciences, 7(1). doi:10.1080/23311886.2021.1893908
Population. United Nations. Retrieved from https://www.un.org/en/global-issues/population
Buzan, Barry, & Weaver, Ole. (2003). Regions and Powers: The Structure of International Security. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ismagilova R. N. (2016). Ethiopia: ethnopolitical situation in the state of Benishangul-Gumuz. Scientific notes of the Institute for African Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2-3(36-37), 80-96.
Ismagilova, R. N. Political crisis in Ethiopia: “Ethiopian spring”? IMEMO RAS, 04.24.2018. Retrieved from https://www.imemo.ru/special-rubrics/africa/text/politicheskiy-krizis-v-efiopii-efiopskaya-vesna
Ismagilova, R. N. Ethiopia and Eritrea-a long path to peace. IMEMO RAS, 07/09/2018. Retrieved from https://www.imemo.ru

Abstract: This article is devoted to the study of the experience of prevention of ethnic conflict and the protection of human and civil rights in the Federal subjects of Russian Federation (by the example of one of the most multinational regions of the country - Krasnodar Krai). This work notes that in Krasnodar Krai there is a high degree of ethnic diversity, as it houses 124 ethnic communities. However, due to the comprehensive approach for the prevention of ethnic conflict employed by the administration of Krasnodar Krai, the risk of interethnic collisions are significantly reduced. This article uses a number of scientific research methods, including statistical, analytical, formal-logical, historical-legal, comparative method. This work provides examples of comprehensive approach to the prevention of interethnic conflicts and civil rights violations on Federal subject level (Krasnodar Krai in particular), which are practical for implementation in other regions of Russian Federation that face unsolved ethnic issues.  

Keywords: conflict, protection, citizens, rights, person, Krasnodar Krai, Russian Federation, population, ethnic, prevention

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