Abstract: This article deals with the issue of global leadership in the context of universalization and liberalization of institutional structures of developing countries. The authors discover the reasons of economic and political elevation of the USA in XX-th century and evaluate its importance in the context of establishing liberalism as the universal standard for building the state. The focus of the research is to answer the question if developing countries are capable of following a global leader while preserving centuries-old local and national traits that define the function of informal institutes within society. This article relies on a set of research methods that include normative-value, institutional, systemic and other approaches. It reflects concept research of Jean Blondel, Douglass Cecil North, Andrew Heywood. The authors reach the conclusion that the basis of the ontology of leadership is the strategic capability of social systems for self-organization that is exercised by the most management-capable actors, using the authority resources at their disposal. Along with this, the efforts of certain developing countries to reproduce formal institutes that successfully function in the USA may lead into an administrative trap. Attempts to reproduce Western liberal model on post-Soviet space leads to emergence of dissonance between formal and informal institutes. Voluntarist attempts at liberalization of the economy and politics of modern Russia appear as lacking promise and justification.

Keywords: multipolarity, the institutional theory, U.S. politics, civil society, Russian politics, D.North theory, unipolarity, the convergention theory, leadership, authority

References:
Ezhov D.A. Problema legitimatsii verkhovnoy vlasti v kontekste rossiyskogo politicheskogo proekta // Vlast'. 2013. № 1. S. 87-89.
Utkin A.I. Mirovoy poryadok XXI veka. M.: Algoritm, 2001. S. 10-12.
Blondel' Zh. Politicheskoe liderstvo: Put' k vseob'emlyushchemu analizu. M., 1992. S. 54.
Kheyvud E. Politologiya: uchebnik. M., 2005. S. 43.
Nort D. Instituty, institutsional'nye izmeneniya i funktsionirovanie ekonomiki. M., 1997. S. 78.
Konyaev S.V. Instrumental'nye vozmozhnosti liberal'noy idei // Obrazovanie i pravo. 2016. № 3. S. 8-16.
Kovalev N.A. Politicheskaya arkhitektonika sistemy mezhdunarodnykh otnosheniy: fenomen polyarnosti v sovremennom mire // Politika i Obshchestvo. 2013. № 11. C. 1381-1388. DOI: 10.7256/1812-8696.2013.11.10150.
Grudtsyna L.Yu. Filosofsko-pravovaya kontseptsiya grazhdanskogo obshchestva kak samoorganizuyushcheysya sotsial'noy sistemy: ot Gegelya do nashikh dney // Administrativnoe i munitsipal'noe pravo. 2014. № 4. C. 392-397. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2807.2014.4.11370.
Ezhov D.A. Avtoritarizm i demokratiya v rossiyskoy politicheskoy traditsii // Vestnik universiteta (GUU). 2014. № 7. S. 39-42.
Parish S.D. The Turn Toward Confrontation: The Soviet Reaction to the Marshall Plan, 1947. Working Paper № 9. New Evidence on the Soviet Rejection of the Marshall Plan, 1947. Report N 1. R. 28 // http://www.cwihp.
Istoriya diplomatii / Pod red. Gromyko A.A., Zemskova I.N., Zorina V.A., Semenova V.S., Kharlamova M.A. / M.: Politizdat, 1974. T. 5. S. 91.

References (transliteration):
Ezhov D.A. Problema legitimatsii verkhovnoy vlasti v kontekste rossiyskogo politicheskogo proekta // Vlast'. 2013. № 1. S. 87-89.
Utkin A.I. Mirovoy poryadok XXI veka. M.: Algoritm, 2001. S. 10-12.
Blondel' Zh. Politicheskoe liderstvo: Put' k vseob'emlyushchemu analizu. M., 1992. S. 54.
Kheyvud E. Politologiya: uchebnik. M., 2005. S. 43.
Nort D. Instituty, institutsional'nye izmeneniya i funktsionirovanie ekonomiki. M., 1997. S. 78.
Konyaev S.V. Instrumental'nye vozmozhnosti liberal'noy idei // Obrazovanie i pravo. 2016. № 3. S. 8-16.
Kovalev N.A. Politicheskaya arkhitektonika sistemy mezhdunarodnykh otnosheniy: fenomen polyarnosti v sovremennom mire // Politika i Obshchestvo. 2013. № 11. C. 1381-1388. DOI: 10.7256/1812-8696.2013.11.10150.
Grudtsyna L.Yu. Filosofsko-pravovaya kontseptsiya grazhdanskogo obshchestva kak samoorganizuyushcheysya sotsial'noy sistemy: ot Gegelya do nashikh dney // Administrativnoe i munitsipal'noe pravo. 2014. № 4. C. 392-397. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2807.2014.4.11370.
Ezhov D.A. Avtoritarizm i demokratiya v rossiyskoy politicheskoy traditsii // Vestnik universiteta (GUU). 2014. № 7. S. 39-42.
Parish S.D. The Turn Toward Confrontation: The Soviet Reaction to the Marshall Plan, 1947. Working Paper № 9. New Evidence on the Soviet Rejection of the Marshall Plan, 1947. Report N 1. R. 28 // http://www.cwihp.
Istoriya diplomatii / Pod red. Gromyko A.A., Zemskova I.N., Zorina V.A., Semenova V.S., Kharlamova M.A. / M.: Politizdat, 1974. T. 5. S. 91.

Abstract: The article analyzes the relations between Russia and NATO in the context of the crisis of modern system of global governance. Analyzing the common practices in the field of global governance, as well as the most important problems in Russia-NATO relations, the authors reveal the fundamental obstacles in the way of development of cooperation between those parties. At this stage, the contradictions between the parties exacerbated, as a manifestation of the crisis of global governance and the general trend of increase of turbulence in world politics. The methodological basis of the study includes a systemic, structural-functional, comparative-historical, comparative-political, geo-political, cultural and civilizational approaches, discourse analysis, methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, modeling, observation. When we talk about global governance, we mean the work involving the setting of priorities, streamlining processes and problem solving on all levels of the international system in various areas of international relations, based on the constant interaction of different actors, the making of formal and informal arrangements, operation of the institutions, as well as rules and practices. The authors conclude that the turbulence in world development and dissemination of relevant discourse make actors look for new, "limited" strategy of global governance.

Keywords: interests, democracy, color revolutions, hybrid war, state, USA, society, politics, OTAN, security

References:
Shitova E.N. «Demokratiya s prilagatel'nymi»: strannovoy aspekt // Trendy i upravlenie. - 2014. - 3. - C. 228 - 236. DOI: 10.7256/2307-9118.2014.3.12752.
Borodinov E.N. Analiz normandskoy vstrechi i ee znachenie dlya Rossii // Trendy i upravlenie. - 2014. - 2. - C. 117 - 123. DOI: 10.7256/2307-9118.2014.2.12409.
Nasonkin V.V. Teoretiko-metodologicheskie podkhody k izucheniyu sistemy obrazovaniya v sovremennom obshchestve. // Politika i Obshchestvo. - 2013. - 10. - C. 1213 - 1220. DOI: 10.7256/1812-8696.2013.10.10166.
Karpovich O.G. Demokraticheskie instituty i ikh rol' v sisteme gosudarstvennogo upravleniya // Politika i Obshchestvo. - 2015. - 3. - C. 387 - 394. DOI: 10.7256/1812-8696.2015.3.14781.
Kalachev D.N. Osnovnye napravleniya sotrudnichestva Rossii i NATO // Trendy i upravlenie. - 2015. - 1. - C. 36 - 43. DOI: 10.7256/2307-9118.2015.1.13712.
Grudtsyna L.Yu., Petrov S.M. Vlast' i grazhdanskoe obshchestvo v Rossii: vzaimodeystvie i protivo-
stoyanie // Administrativnoe i munitsipal'noe pravo. - 2012. - 1. - C. 19 - 29.
Karyakin V.V. Aktual'nye problemy rossiyskoy politicheskoy nauki i puti ikh resheniya // Mirovaya politika. - 2015. - 3. - C. 13 - 22. DOI: 10.7256/2409-8671.2015.3.16126. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/wi/article_16126.html
Prakticheskoe sotrudnichestvo Rossii i NATO // nato.int. Dekabr' 2013. URL: http://www.nato.int/nato_static/assets/pdf/pdf_2013_12/20131127_131201-MediaBackgrounder-NRC_ru.pdf
Spontannost' i upravlyaemost' v mirovoy sisteme // Mezhdunarodnye protsessy. Tom 10, № 2(29). May-avgust 2012. URL: http://www.intertrends.ru/twenty-ninth/12.htm
Uroki nedavnikh terroristicheskikh aktov // Novosti NATO. – 2005. –№ 2. – S.8.
Kriendler J. Reset is not four-letter word // Understanding NATO in the 21st Century: Alliance Strategies, Security and Global Governance. Edited by Graeme P. Herd (Geneva Centre for Security Policy, Switzerland) and John Kriendler (George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies, Germany). NY: Routledge, May 2012. P. 98
Sending Ole Jacob and Neumann Iver B. Governance to Governmentality: Analyzing NGOs, States, and Power // International Studies Quarterly (2006) 50. P. 663 http://graduateinstitute.ch/webdav/site/political_science/shared/political_science/Multilateral%20Governance%20Autumn%202010/sending%20and%20neumann%202006.pdf
Statement by the NATO-Russia Council. 7 Sept. 2004. URL: http://www.nato.int/docu/pr/2004/p040907e.htm
Understanding NATO in the 21st Century: Alliance Strategies, Security and Global Governance. Edited by Graeme P. Herd (Geneva Centre for Security Policy, Switzerland) and John Kriendler (George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies, Germany).
Antiglobalizm i global'noe upravlenie: Doklady, diskussii, spravochnye materialy. – M.: MGIMO (U) MID Rossii, 2006.
Filippov V.R. Dogovornaya federatsiya i eksklyuzivnaya etnichnost' // Federalizm. 2002. № 4. S. 185-216.
Budaev A.V. Prisutstvie Rossii v Brazilii: "myagkaya sila" v dvustoronnikh otnosheniyakh. // Latinskaya Amerika. 2013. № 5. S. 61-65.
Manoylo A.V. Siriyskiy tupik «Arabskoy vesny». // Vestn. Mosk. Un-ta. Ser. 12. Politicheskie nauki. 2013. №6. S. 49-56.
Manoylo A.V. Spetsifika tsvetnykh revolyutsiy «Arabskoy vesny». // Izvestiya Ural'sk. Federal'nogo Un-ta. Ser. 3. Obshchestvennye nauki. 2013. №3. S. 30-36.
Codagnone S., Filippov V. Equity, exit end national identity in a multinational federation: the “multi-cultural constitutional patriotism” project in Russia. // Journal of ethnic and migration studies. 2000. V. 26. № 2. P. 263-288.
Manoylo A.V. Nesilovoe regulirovanie mezhdunarodnykh konfliktov. Kul'turno-tsivilizatsionnye paradigmy. // Kosmopolis.-2008.-№2. – S.168-174
Manoylo A.V. Ubit' kotenka, ili tekhnologii konfliktnoy mobilizatsii v sotsial'nykh setyakh // Mirovaya politika. - 2015. - 3. - C. 1 - 12. DOI: 10.7256/2409-8671.2015.3.15973. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/wi/article_15973.html
Oznobishchev S.K. Novyy mir i otnosheniya Rossiya – NATO // Polis, 2011, N. 3. URL: http://www.politstudies.ru/fulltext/2011/3/5.pdf
Osnovopolagayushchiy akt o vzaimnykh otnosheniyakh, sotrudnichestve i bezopasnosti mezhdu Rossiyskoy Federatsiey i Organizatsiey severoatlanticheskogo dogovora. – Parizh, 27 maya 1997 g. URL: http://www.nato.int/docu/basictxt/fndrus.htm
Matveeva K.A. Osobennosti sotsiologicheskogo izucheniya riskov // Vestnik Udmurtskogo universiteta. 2009. Vyp. 1. URL: http://vestnik.udsu.ru/2009/2009-031/vuu_09_031_13.pdf
Luk'yanov F. Vo chto soberetsya NATO [Elektronnyy resurs] // Rossiya v global'noy politike [sayt]. – 2014. – 1 sentyabrya.: URL: http://www.globalaffairs.ru/redcol/Vo-chto-soberetsya-NATO-16904
Ivanov S. Partnerstvo, obretayushchee zrelost' // Vestnik NATO. – 2005. – № 4.
Zayavlenie ministrov inostrannykh del stran NATO // Sovet Rossiya-NATO (Sayt). – 1 aprelya. – 2014.: URL: http://www.nato-russia-council.info/ru/articles/20140327-announcement/
Efremenko D.V. V ozhidanii shtormovykh poryvov // Rossiya v global'noy politike. 2 maya 2012. URL: http://globalaffairs.ru/number/V-ozhidanii-shtormovykh-poryvov--15527
Voennoe sotrudnichestvo Rossii i NATO. Spravka // RIA Novosti, 03.12.2009. URL: http://ria.ru/politics/20091203/196861018.html
Barabanov O. Global'noe upravlenie kak tema dlya nauchnogo analiza // Antiglobalizm i global'noe upravlenie: Doklady, diskussii, spravochnye materialy. – M.: MGIMO (U) MID Rossii, 2006

References (transliteration):
Shitova E.N. «Demokratiya s prilagatel'nymi»: strannovoy aspekt // Trendy i upravlenie. - 2014. - 3. - C. 228 - 236. DOI: 10.7256/2307-9118.2014.3.12752.
Borodinov E.N. Analiz normandskoy vstrechi i ee znachenie dlya Rossii // Trendy i upravlenie. - 2014. - 2. - C. 117 - 123. DOI: 10.7256/2307-9118.2014.2.12409.
Nasonkin V.V. Teoretiko-metodologicheskie podkhody k izucheniyu sistemy obrazovaniya v sovremennom obshchestve. // Politika i Obshchestvo. - 2013. - 10. - C. 1213 - 1220. DOI: 10.7256/1812-8696.2013.10.10166.
Karpovich O.G. Demokraticheskie instituty i ikh rol' v sisteme gosudarstvennogo upravleniya // Politika i Obshchestvo. - 2015. - 3. - C. 387 - 394. DOI: 10.7256/1812-8696.2015.3.14781.
Kalachev D.N. Osnovnye napravleniya sotrudnichestva Rossii i NATO // Trendy i upravlenie. - 2015. - 1. - C. 36 - 43. DOI: 10.7256/2307-9118.2015.1.13712.
Grudtsyna L.Yu., Petrov S.M. Vlast' i grazhdanskoe obshchestvo v Rossii: vzaimodeystvie i protivo-
stoyanie // Administrativnoe i munitsipal'noe pravo. - 2012. - 1. - C. 19 - 29.
Karyakin V.V. Aktual'nye problemy rossiyskoy politicheskoy nauki i puti ikh resheniya // Mirovaya politika. - 2015. - 3. - C. 13 - 22. DOI: 10.7256/2409-8671.2015.3.16126. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/wi/article_16126.html
Prakticheskoe sotrudnichestvo Rossii i NATO // nato.int. Dekabr' 2013. URL: http://www.nato.int/nato_static/assets/pdf/pdf_2013_12/20131127_131201-MediaBackgrounder-NRC_ru.pdf
Spontannost' i upravlyaemost' v mirovoy sisteme // Mezhdunarodnye protsessy. Tom 10, № 2(29). May-avgust 2012. URL: http://www.intertrends.ru/twenty-ninth/12.htm
Uroki nedavnikh terroristicheskikh aktov // Novosti NATO. – 2005. –№ 2. – S.8.
Kriendler J. Reset is not four-letter word // Understanding NATO in the 21st Century: Alliance Strategies, Security and Global Governance. Edited by Graeme P. Herd (Geneva Centre for Security Policy, Switzerland) and John Kriendler (George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies, Germany). NY: Routledge, May 2012. P. 98
Sending Ole Jacob and Neumann Iver B. Governance to Governmentality: Analyzing NGOs, States, and Power // International Studies Quarterly (2006) 50. P. 663 http://graduateinstitute.ch/webdav/site/political_science/shared/political_science/Multilateral%20Governance%20Autumn%202010/sending%20and%20neumann%202006.pdf
Statement by the NATO-Russia Council. 7 Sept. 2004. URL: http://www.nato.int/docu/pr/2004/p040907e.htm
Understanding NATO in the 21st Century: Alliance Strategies, Security and Global Governance. Edited by Graeme P. Herd (Geneva Centre for Security Policy, Switzerland) and John Kriendler (George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies, Germany).
Antiglobalizm i global'noe upravlenie: Doklady, diskussii, spravochnye materialy. – M.: MGIMO (U) MID Rossii, 2006.
Filippov V.R. Dogovornaya federatsiya i eksklyuzivnaya etnichnost' // Federalizm. 2002. № 4. S. 185-216.
Budaev A.V. Prisutstvie Rossii v Brazilii: "myagkaya sila" v dvustoronnikh otnosheniyakh. // Latinskaya Amerika. 2013. № 5. S. 61-65.
Manoylo A.V. Siriyskiy tupik «Arabskoy vesny». // Vestn. Mosk. Un-ta. Ser. 12. Politicheskie nauki. 2013. №6. S. 49-56.
Manoylo A.V. Spetsifika tsvetnykh revolyutsiy «Arabskoy vesny». // Izvestiya Ural'sk. Federal'nogo Un-ta. Ser. 3. Obshchestvennye nauki. 2013. №3. S. 30-36.
Codagnone S., Filippov V. Equity, exit end national identity in a multinational federation: the “multi-cultural constitutional patriotism” project in Russia. // Journal of ethnic and migration studies. 2000. V. 26. № 2. P. 263-288.
Manoylo A.V. Nesilovoe regulirovanie mezhdunarodnykh konfliktov. Kul'turno-tsivilizatsionnye paradigmy. // Kosmopolis.-2008.-№2. – S.168-174
Manoylo A.V. Ubit' kotenka, ili tekhnologii konfliktnoy mobilizatsii v sotsial'nykh setyakh // Mirovaya politika. - 2015. - 3. - C. 1 - 12. DOI: 10.7256/2409-8671.2015.3.15973. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/wi/article_15973.html
Oznobishchev S.K. Novyy mir i otnosheniya Rossiya – NATO // Polis, 2011, N. 3. URL: http://www.politstudies.ru/fulltext/2011/3/5.pdf
Osnovopolagayushchiy akt o vzaimnykh otnosheniyakh, sotrudnichestve i bezopasnosti mezhdu Rossiyskoy Federatsiey i Organizatsiey severoatlanticheskogo dogovora. – Parizh, 27 maya 1997 g. URL: http://www.nato.int/docu/basictxt/fndrus.htm
Matveeva K.A. Osobennosti sotsiologicheskogo izucheniya riskov // Vestnik Udmurtskogo universiteta. 2009. Vyp. 1. URL: http://vestnik.udsu.ru/2009/2009-031/vuu_09_031_13.pdf
Luk'yanov F. Vo chto soberetsya NATO [Elektronnyy resurs] // Rossiya v global'noy politike [sayt]. – 2014. – 1 sentyabrya.: URL: http://www.globalaffairs.ru/redcol/Vo-chto-soberetsya-NATO-16904
Ivanov S. Partnerstvo, obretayushchee zrelost' // Vestnik NATO. – 2005. – № 4.
Zayavlenie ministrov inostrannykh del stran NATO // Sovet Rossiya-NATO (Sayt). – 1 aprelya. – 2014.: URL: http://www.nato-russia-council.info/ru/articles/20140327-announcement/
Efremenko D.V. V ozhidanii shtormovykh poryvov // Rossiya v global'noy politike. 2 maya 2012. URL: http://globalaffairs.ru/number/V-ozhidanii-shtormovykh-poryvov--15527
Voennoe sotrudnichestvo Rossii i NATO. Spravka // RIA Novosti, 03.12.2009. URL: http://ria.ru/politics/20091203/196861018.html
Barabanov O. Global'noe upravlenie kak tema dlya nauchnogo analiza // Antiglobalizm i global'noe upravlenie: Doklady, diskussii, spravochnye materialy. – M.: MGIMO (U) MID Rossii, 2006

Abstract: The authors investigate concepts like the existence of a unified world system and the emergence of the "center" of the world. As authors see the global system is the spatial coherence of different regions. The subject of the study are the historical incarnations of the global center on the basis of the world-system approach, the trajectory of displacement of the world center, as well as the characteristics of the current world leader - the United States. Analysis of the basic characteristics of the world leader allows to statistically prove its role as the world center. The article also substantiates the crisis of the currently established system that involves parasitism, consumerism and conflictness. The study is based on the methodology of world-system modeling. In determining the Global center and the trajectory of its migration, the authors used factor analysis, comparative approach, sociological and statistical methods. The special contribution of the authors is a detailed study of the formation of unified world system, the study of the genesis of West-polar world order, the development of criteria for determining a country as the center of the world, the diagnosis of the crisis of legitimacy of the global Center. The novelty of the research lies primarily in the quantitative measurement and statistical justification of the status of the World Center.

Keywords: United States of America, speculative capital, parasitarism, civilization, Center, world system, world-systems theory, confrontation, Cold war, leadership

References:
Shadrin A.Yu. Krizis mobilizatsionnoy modeli razvitiya
i raspad SSSR (1945 – 1991 gg.) // Politika i Obshchestvo. - 2013. - 8. - C. 994 - 1002. DOI: 10.7256/1812-8696.2013.8.7754.
Butakov A.M., Tizengauzen A.E. Opiumnye voyny, M. 2002
Larush L. Nauchnye osnovaniya printsipov fizicheskoy ekonomiki. M.,1995
Supyan V. SShA: liderstvo pod ugrozoy // Otkrytaya ekonomika URL.: http://www.opec.ru/1346548.html
Kuzyk B.N., Yakovets Yu.V. Stanovlenie integral'nogo ekonomicheskogo stroya – global'naya transformatsiya XXI veka. M.: IES., 2008. S. 86-87.
Historical Tables. Budget of the U. S. Government. Fiscal Year 2011. Washington, 2012. P. 133-134.
S.Yu. Ivanov Strukturnye komponenty kartiny mira. // Filosofiya i kul'tura. - 2011. - 3. - C. 86 - 97.
S. V. Leonov K voprosu o vliyanii Vizantii
na russkuyu istoriyu // Istoricheskiy zhurnal: nauchnye issledovaniya. - 2012. - 6. - C. 67 - 76.
Khillenbrand K. Krestovye pokhody. Vzglyad s Vostoka. Musul'manskaya perspektiva. SPb.: Dilya, 2008
Singer J.D. The Correlates of War. Testing some Realpolitik Models. New York, 1980
Mel'nikova E. A. Ukroshchenie neukrotimykh: Dogovory s normannami kak sposob ikh integrirovaniya v inokul'turnykh obshchestvakh // Drevnyaya Rus'. Voprosy medievistiki. 2008. № 2 (32). S. 12-26
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Stingl M. Indeytsy bez tomagavkov. M.: Progress, 1984.
Vallerstayn I. Mirosistemnyy analiz // Vremya mira. Al'manakh sovremennykh issledovaniy po teoreticheskoy istorii, makrosotsiologii, geopolitike, analizu mirovykh sistem i tsivilizatsiy. Novosibirsk, 1998. Vypusk 1. S. 105-123
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Brendon P. The Decline and Fall of the British Empire, 1781–1997. London: Jonathan Cape, 2007

References (transliteration):
Shadrin A.Yu. Krizis mobilizatsionnoy modeli razvitiya
i raspad SSSR (1945 – 1991 gg.) // Politika i Obshchestvo. - 2013. - 8. - C. 994 - 1002. DOI: 10.7256/1812-8696.2013.8.7754.
Butakov A.M., Tizengauzen A.E. Opiumnye voyny, M. 2002
Larush L. Nauchnye osnovaniya printsipov fizicheskoy ekonomiki. M.,1995
Supyan V. SShA: liderstvo pod ugrozoy // Otkrytaya ekonomika URL.: http://www.opec.ru/1346548.html
Kuzyk B.N., Yakovets Yu.V. Stanovlenie integral'nogo ekonomicheskogo stroya – global'naya transformatsiya XXI veka. M.: IES., 2008. S. 86-87.
Historical Tables. Budget of the U. S. Government. Fiscal Year 2011. Washington, 2012. P. 133-134.
S.Yu. Ivanov Strukturnye komponenty kartiny mira. // Filosofiya i kul'tura. - 2011. - 3. - C. 86 - 97.
S. V. Leonov K voprosu o vliyanii Vizantii
na russkuyu istoriyu // Istoricheskiy zhurnal: nauchnye issledovaniya. - 2012. - 6. - C. 67 - 76.
Khillenbrand K. Krestovye pokhody. Vzglyad s Vostoka. Musul'manskaya perspektiva. SPb.: Dilya, 2008
Singer J.D. The Correlates of War. Testing some Realpolitik Models. New York, 1980
Mel'nikova E. A. Ukroshchenie neukrotimykh: Dogovory s normannami kak sposob ikh integrirovaniya v inokul'turnykh obshchestvakh // Drevnyaya Rus'. Voprosy medievistiki. 2008. № 2 (32). S. 12-26
Froyanov I.Ya. Drevnyaya Rus' IX—XIII vekov. Narodnye dvizheniya. Knyazheskaya i vechevaya vlast'. M.: Russkiy izdatel'skiy tsentr, 2012.
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