Review: The article contains the results of the research aimed at studying the problems of teaching Physical Training by means of distance learning technologies in educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia during the period of additional health and hygiene measures taken in order to protect public health in conditions of COVID-19 spreading. The research attempts at finding the ways to resolve the contradiction between the necessity to use distance learning technologies for teaching Physical Training in educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, dictated by the current socio-economic situation, and the objective limitations of these methods in terms of the practice-oriented character of the discipline. Using theoretical analysis of the conclusions of the previously held studies of the topic and  their own observations and their comparison with the current practice of Physical Training teaching, the researchers detect the main obstacles of distance learning technologies and offer the ways to overcome them. The research results can be used for planning and organizing the educational process for Physical Training discipline in educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 
 

Keywords: face-to-face communication, effectiveness of educational activities, interior ministry, professional skills, the motivation of students, electronic educational environment, implementation problems, discipline , distance learning technologies, cadets

Review: The article considers the problem of preservation and upgrading of historical and pedagogical legacy of teachers of the earliest professional training schools and courses for penitentiary personnel in Russia. The author considers the quality characteristics (the staffing level and competence of teachers, the participation of practitioners and scientists, etc.) of personalities of teachers of the earliest educational institutions (schools and courses) involved in professional training of penitentiary personnel. The author notes that the personalities of particular teachers are well-known in the scientific world, some are known only among domain experts (particularly those specialized in jurisprudence), some were known only to their contemporaries, while about others there’s no available scientifically important information at all. The author raises the question about the necessity to admit the role of personalities in professional training of penitentiary personnel in Russia. This research is one of the first attempts to introduce the personalities of the earliest professional training schools and courses for penitentiary personnel to the scientific world. The research is based on the archive materials. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the systematization of tendencies of recruiting teachers of the earliest professional training schools and courses for penitentiary personnel: firstly, the absence of permanent teachers even in schools opened upon the adoption of the Law of 1913; secondly, highly positioned civil servants and qualified practitioners were involved in teaching; thirdly, starting with temporary readings, highly competent and well-known specialists had been involved in the educational process, many of them current or would-be leading scientists and acknowledged scholars. The admission of the role of personalities makes it possible to conduct historical research using biographical methods and personalistics. 
 

Keywords: training courses, training schools, lecturers, personalistics, personalities, biographical method, professional training, penitentiary staff, axiological approach, historical and pedagogical process