Abstract: The article examines in the comparative aspect the philosophical foundations of war presented in Leo Tolstoy's novel "War and Peace" and in Carl von Clausewitz’ treatise "On War". Based on the works of Niccolò Machiavelli, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, M.I. Dragomirov, A.E. Snesarev, R. Aron, J.L. Gaddis, O. Rose, H. Münkler and other thinkers, the author carries out the comparative analysis of the ideas of Tolstoy and Clausewitz, focusing on such aspects of the phenomenon of war, as the definition of its essence, the individual's role in the war, the subjective and objective elements of the military activity.Along with the general theoretical research methods the author uses poststructuralist and hermeneutical methodology as well as the method of comparative analysis of philosophical doctrines.The novelty of the research lies in the explication of the differences in theoretical views on the war of Tolstoy and Clausewitz, as well as in the revelation of "points of convergence" between the two thinkers. Behind the confrontation between Tolstoy and Clausewitz the author finds conflict of Stoicism and Machiavellianism. The special contribution of the author consists in the interpretation of the water metaphors, which are abundantly represented in the texts of "War and Peace" and "On War".

Keywords: philosophy, War and Peace, On War, Carl von Clausewitz, Leo Tolstoy, politics, war, transgression, subject, activity

Abstract: The subject of this research is the transformation of the foundations of interaction between the actors of educational space in the context of expansion of social component of the management process as a possibility of application of the mechanism of social partnership within educational space of the middle school. The goal of this work is to define the promising directions of application of this mechanism for development of the educational branch based on the analysis of theory and practice of organization of the social partnership. Special attention is given to the questions regarding the investment of consolidated efforts of the authorities and society in formation of the social procurement for the educational services of middle school as one of the leading directions of Russian education strategic development. The author reveals the content of the concept of “social partnership in education” as the constructive alignment of interests of the actors of educational space based on the choice of a corresponding model of social interaction. The work also defines the possible methods of socio-engineering activity of ensuring social partnership in educational space of a modern school. Leaning on the results of this research, the author determines the prospects of application of the mechanism of social partnership within the Russian management practice.

Keywords: state and public management, sphere of educational services, coordination of interests, constructive interaction, social dialogue, social partnership, society, state, management of education, educational procurement

Abstract:   The object of this research is the question of group rights of the cultural minorities from the perspective of Canadian political philosopher Will Kymlicka. The article discusses the relevance of recognition of similar rights as the basic in the liberal-democratic state. The attention is focused on the ambiguity of conducted by the states policy of neutrality with regards to separate ethnocultural groups. The author underlines the importance of deep interconnection between the national culture and autonomy, as well as emphasized the significance of consideration of the individual affiliation for establishment of conditions of the free choice of social practices within the democratic state. Alongside the examined rights of the cultural minorities, particular importance is attached to the social minorities pertaining to the establishment of identity and determination of horizon of the selection of social practices. The main conclusion of the conducted research consists in consolidation of the possibility of practical application of W. Kymlicka’s theoretical constructs in the area of group rights with reference to cultural minorities, as well as social minorities.  

Keywords: minority rights, minority, identity, culture, autonomy, liberalism, group rights, cultural minority, social minority, state

Abstract: In this article, the author underlines that atheism atheism ceases to be perceived as a mandatory feature of social development, as well as examines the process of revival of the interest towards religion in post-atheistic Russian society. The reason of this phenomenon lies in the search for value orientations, self-identification, and answers to life-purpose questions; but mostly – in the necessity of regeneration of moral values, which were missing after the collapse of the Soviet Union and not replenished after the attempt of modernization and Europeanization of Russia. Special attention is given to the game in religiosity as the form of adjustment to variable social conditions. The article highlights the negative trends that turn the traditional religiosity into "pseudo-religiosity" or so-called game in religiosity, among which are the search for the "acceptable" religion possible due to religious pluralism; interest in new religious and quasi-religious movements that combine seemingly unlikable various religions canons; construction of the new space for religious belief; spread of religion into the Internet. The author concludes that the danger of this phenomenon lies in the fact that game in religion devaluates the faith, as well as rituals and traditions undergo modification due to the interests of the "one playing".

Keywords: crisis of self-identification, non-conventional religions, the ideal space, game into religion, game, pseudo-religiosity, traditional religiosity, revival of religiosity, religious consciousness, religious pluralism

Abstract: Internet is an important factor of the second wave of post-materialistic values. The authors conduct a detailed analysis on dynamics of the distribution of these values in Russia, specific factors of formation of public consciousness in the context of information technologies development. In this regard, the subject of this study is the political consciousness of the Russian citizens in information society, as well as transformation of the legal institutions in the Internet and the spread of post-materialistic values. The scope of research is the inconsistency of the political consciousness of the Russians with regard to post-materialistic and materialistic values.The research methodology is based on the theory of post-materialistic values R. Inglehart. The. Among the conclusions, the authors highlight that Internet is an important factor in formation of the matrix of values for young generation. There are also groups of people, in whose perception Internet represents value in itself. Overall, however, the Russian public consciousness in relation to the Internet is extremely contradictory.

Keywords: political socialization, Information society, Copyright, intellectual property, Internet Governance, political consciousness, post-materialist values, public opinion, Internet, cyberculture