Reference:
Schepanskiy, I.S..
On the necessity and directions for the development
of professional standards in the sphere of law
// Actual problems of Russian law. – 2014. – ¹ 5.
– P. 988-994.
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Abstract: This article concerns brief history of the attempts of development of professional legal standards in
Russia in early XXI century, as well as the possible solutions of the problem for the near future. The author
studies various types of professional lawyer activities, including scientific work and teaching, professional
advocates, notaries and judges. The research includes an attempt to adapt the normative legal basis in the
sphere of legal standards, as developed by the Ministry of Labor of Russia in 2012-2013 to the traditional legal
practices and the needs of the professional legal community. This study involves both general and special legal
methods of studies. With the help of historical legal and formal legal approaches this work forms an idea of
the development of professional activity regulation from the idea to its normative provisions. The author has
analyzed the needs of the real job market, analyzing and comparing over 1500 resumes and vacancy advertisements
in open sources in the Internet, and he also polled the representatives of the legal companies and
lawyers, the issue was also often discussed at the hearings and working groups of the Association of Lawyers
of Russia, Association of Legal Education, Board for Educational and Methodological Association on Law, Interdepartmental
Commissions, but the results of these activities were not presented to the legal community.
In 2012-2013 the Ministry of Labor of Russia has developed and accepted the package of documents regulating
this type of activity. Based upon these documents in this article there is a first attempt to single out the
types of legal activities and to define the perspectives for the development of the professional standards in
each of them. In some spheres based upon the analysis the author offers to introduce specific qualification
levels, providing brief analysis of working functions for each of them. The article singles out regulated directions
of lawyer activities (advocates, notaries, judges) with well-organized internal structure, sphere of public
administration service, scientific and pedagogical activities, and the sphere of private legal practice, including
corporate lawyers and employees of specialized legal companies. For all of the said groups the author makes
propositions on real perspectives and the need for the development of professional standards. The author also
analyzes the difference in the approaches towards labor regulation in the Unified Job Evaluation Manual, providing
for the method of directive standard description from the standpoint of official duties, and the modern
professional standards using functional method.
Keywords: professional standard, qualification requirements, qualification levels, official duties, corporate lawyers, legal companies, state service, job evaluation manual, professional legal communities, competence.
References:
Oleynikova O.N., Murav'eva A.A. Professional'nye standarty: printsipy formirovaniya, naznachenie i struktura. Metodicheskoe posobie. – M.: ANO Tsentr IRPO, 2011. – 100 s.
Svistunov A.A., Subbotin V.N. Razvitie yuridicheskogo obrazovaniya i nauki: problemy i perspektivy. // Yuridicheskoe obrazovanie i nauka, 2008, ¹ 3.
Reference:
Shugrina, E.S..
Autonomy of a higher education institution
and academic freedoms: correlation
of international and national legal regulation
// Actual problems of Russian law. – 2013. – ¹ 8.
– P. 1041-1049.
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Abstract: Based on the analysis of international legal acts the article discusses the contents of the term «academic
freedoms», which the author offers to interpret as freedom of lecturing and academic research, freedom
of education, institutional autonomy of a higher education institutions. The article consecutively evaluates
specific features of legal regulation of the above-mentioned elements. The work shows that depending
on the contents of the term «academic freedoms», the subjects (the bearers of rights) include lecturers, scientific
researchers, students, other trainees, educational institutions. It is also shown that the domestic Russian
legislation on these issues generally complies with the international norms. However, analysis of Russian
legislation allows for drawing a conclusion that «academic freedom» is mostly related to the educational
institutions and scientific and pedagogical workers. For the students academic freedom meant the ability to
gain knowledge in accordance with their intentions and needs, to choose state, municipal, or private higher
educational institution. The work includes analysis of the practice of the European Court of Human Rights and
the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation.
Keywords: academic freedom, students, trainees, educational institution.
References:
Batyaev A.A., Naumova R.L. Kommentariy k Zakonu RF ot 10.07.1992 ¹ 3266-1 «Ob obrazova-nii» (postateynyy) // SPS «Konsul'tantPlyus», 2011.
Volosnikova L.M. Konstitutsionno-pravovye osnovy akademicheskikh svobod v stranakh SNG i Baltii // Konstitutsionnoe i munitsipal'noe pravo. — 2006. — ¹ 11.
Volosnikova L.M. Genezis akademicheskoy svobody v SShA — pravovaya traditsiya ili konsti-tutsionnoe pravo // Konstitutsionnoe i munitsipal'noe pravo. — 2006. — ¹ 7.
Kommentariy k Federal'nomu zakonu ot 29 dekabrya 2012 g. ¹ 273-FZ «Ob obrazovanii v Rossiyskoy Federatsii» (poglavnyy) / L.Yu. Grudtsyna, Yu.A. Dmitriev, A.A. Dorskaya i dr. / pod red. V.E. Usanova. — M.: YuRKOMPANI, 2013. — 544 s.
Laskina N.V. Kommentariy k Federal'nomu zakonu ot 22 avgusta 1996 g. ¹ 125-FZ «O vysshem i poslevuzovskom professional'nom obrazovanii» (postateynyy) // SPS «Konsul'tant-Plyus», 2012.
Rechitskiy V.V. Prostye tsennosti konstitutsionalizma: svoboda, rynok i sotsial'naya dina-mika // Konstitutsionnoe i munitsi
Reference:
Zakharov, V.V..
Legal clinic within the structure
of academic training of lawyers
in Russia in XIX — early XX centuries
// Actual problems of Russian law. – 2013. – ¹ 7.
– P. 888-897.
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Abstract: The article is concerned with the genesis of the legal clinic as a way of formation of practical skills
of law students In the pre-Revolution Russia. The author shows the birthing of the idea of legal clinic in the
middle of XIX century and the first forms of its implementation within the context of development of legal education
as a while and practical training of students. Legal clinic had held a special place among various types
of practical studies. It served as a polygon for the development of professional competence of lawyers in real situations. It was thanks to the efforts of D.I. Meyer and A. Lyublinsky that all of the key issues regarding organization
and functioning of legal clinic were established. One also should note the correlation between the
transfer to the model of practical legal education and the actualization of the legal clinical education within
the structure of academic training of lawyers. The author also shows the causes for the insufficient spread of
the tendency of legal clinics, which was due to the continental tradition of legal training, which was general,
rather than specialized. Based on the skills provided through the training a legal theoretician or a lawyer judge
was formed.
Keywords: jurisprudence, education, clinic, legal, university, lawyer, training, legal studies, the By-Law, justice.
References:
Berman G.Dzh. Zapadnaya traditsiya prava: epokha formirovaniya. — M., 1998. — 624 s.
Egorov S.A. «Na chestnoe delo zhizni»: Yaroslavskaya yuridicheskaya shkola. — Yaroslavl', 1997. — 288 s.
Zakharov V.V. Kak gotovit' yurista: izuchaya russkie retsepty. Ocherki istorii yuridicheskogo obrazovaniya v Rossii vtoroy poloviny XIX — nachala XX vv. — Kursk, 2006. — 297 s.
Zakharov V.V., Il'ina T.N. Sistema podgotovki kadrov dlya organov pravosudiya v Rossii vo vto-roy polovine XIX — nachale XX vv. — M., 2013. — 193 s.
Zipunnikova N.N. «Universitety uchrezhdayutsya dlya prepodavaniya nauk v vysshey stepeni». Ros-siyskoe zakonodatel'stvo ob universitetakh XVIII — nachala XX vv. — Ekaterinburg, 2009. — 440 s.
Isaev I.A. Istoriya Rossii: pravovye traditsii. — M., 1995. — 319 s.
Kamenskiy A.B. Ot Petra I do Pavla I. Reformy v Rossii XVIII v. Opyt tselostnogo analiza. — M., 2001. — 575 s.
Karbon'e Zh. Yuridicheskaya sotsiologiya. — Blagoveshchensk, 1998. — 352 s.
Petrov F.A. Formirovanie
Reference:
Shugrina, E.S..
Legal clinic in Russia:
a novelty or a well-forgotten old tradition?
// Actual problems of Russian law. – 2013. – ¹ 7.
– P. 898-906.
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Abstract: The article is devoted to the history of legal clinics In Russia, the goals of their formation and various
types of legal clinics. The author offers the following classifications: based on the type of organizational form
(basic structure); based on the types of legal aid provided in a legal clinic (by the type of organization of client
work); based on the legal clinic specialization (types of cases, specific features of clients); based on type
of communication with a client; based on level of involvement In the real practice; based on the obligatory
character of law clinic for the students. Special attention is paid to the characteristic features of legal bases of
organization and activities of the legal clinics. Additionally, the author provides the list of questions, which one
has to answer when forming a legal clinic.
Keywords: jurisprudence, legal clinics, interactive methods, education standards, qualified legal aid, consulting, practical education, practical training, legal education, trainee adviser.
References:
Gol'msten A.Kh. Uchastie predstaviteley yuridicheskoy nauki v otpravlenii grazhdanskogo pravosudiya // Zhurnal Ministerstva narodnogo prosveshcheniya. — 1905. — ¹ 4.
Dynovskiy K. Zadachi tsivilisticheskogo obrazovaniya i znachenie ego dlya grazhdanskogo pra-vosudiya. — Odessa, 1896.
Zakharov V.V. Modernizatsiya yuridicheskogo obrazovaniya v rossiyskikh universitetakh v sere-dine XIX stoletiya // Yuridicheskoe obrazovanie i nauka. — 2003. — ¹4. — S. 41–48.
Zakharov V.V. Kak gotovit' yurista: izuchaya russkie retsepty. Ocherki istorii yuridicheskogo obrazovaniya Rossii vtoroy poloviny XIX — nachala XX vv. — Kursk, 2006. — 297 s.
Ispol'zovanie interaktivnykh metodov v prepodavanii yuridicheskikh distsiplin: Sbornik statey i metodicheskikh materialov / pod red. L.A. Voskobitovoy. — M., 2006. — 274 s.
Lyublinskiy A. O «yuridicheskikh klinikakh» // Zhurnal Ministerstva yustitsii. 1901. Yan-var'. — S. 175–181.
Meyer D. O znachenii praktiki v sisteme sovremennogo yuridicheskogo obrazovaniya
Reference:
Narutto, S.V..
Education technologies
in the legal clinic
// Actual problems of Russian law. – 2013. – ¹ 7.
– P. 907-916.
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Abstract: The author analyzes the interactive production technologies, which may be applied in legal clinics,
such as brain storm, small groups, directed discussion, debates, symposium, forum, negotiations, demonstrations,
creative assignments, role playing, the problem tree, etc. The author provides grounds for the idea that
it is necessary to stimulate the students to for independent search for information and application of legal
knowledge in client cases. The author then formulates a conclusion that the clinical methods of education
allow to bring the professional legal education closer to modernization. Interactive methods of education are
aimed to develop the skills of students and to provide them with legal training. These methods are aimed at
the problem-oriented active studies. The author formulates the requirements for the legal clinic instructor, and
she states the quality and efficiency of education are directly dependent upon the personality of an instructor,
his creativity, experience and knowledge.
Keywords: jurisprudence, clinic, methods, interactive, education, creativity, discussion, assignments, client, game.
References:
Advokat: navyki professional'nogo masterstva / pod red. L.A. Voskobitovoy, I.N. Luk'yano-voy, L.P. Mikhaylovoy. — M.: Volters Kluver. 2006.
Borisova N.V., Kuzov V.B. Kompetentnostnyy podkhod i sovremennye obrazovatel'nye tekhno-logii v realizatsii sistem obespecheniya kachestva vysshego obrazovaniya. Eksperimental'-naya uchebnaya avtorskaya programma / pod nauch. red. N.A. Seleznevoy. — M.: Issledovatel'skiy tsentr problem kachestva podgotovki spetsialistov, 2006.
Voskobitova L.A., Voskobitova M.R., Rubinshteyn E.R. Metodicheskie materialy dlya trenerov v sisteme povysheniya kvalifikatsii advokatov: ucheb. posobie. — M., 2009.
Ispol'zovanie interaktivnykh metodov v prepodavanii yuridicheskikh distsiplin. Sbornik statey i metodicheskikh materialov / otv. red. L.A Voskobitova. — M.: MGYuA, 2006.
Levitan K.M. Yuridicheskaya pedagogika: uchebnik. — M.: Norma, 2008.
Mikhaylova L.P. Delovaya igra / V sb.: Mezhregional'nyy seminar «Klinicheskoe yuridicheskoe obrazovanie», 30 noyabrya — 3 deka
Reference:
Terekhova E.B..
Primenenie interaktivnykh metodov obucheniya inostrannym yazykam v sfere professional'noi kommunikatsii
// Actual problems of Russian law. – 2012. – ¹ 4.
– P. 335-338.
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Abstract:
Keywords: inostrannye yazyki, innovatsionnye tekhnologii, interaktivnye metody obucheniya, mozgovoi shturm, keis-metod, rolevaya igra, izmenenie roli prepodavatelya.
References: