Abstract: The object of the study is pension systems of foreign countries. The subject of the study is the strategic management of pension system development. The paper considers the main characteristics and provisions of the long-term plans of foreign governments for managing the development of national pension systems, interconnected with the long-term goals of the development of the state and containing a set of reasonable tasks, tools, methods and financial resources to achieve this goal. The author has conducted a comparative analysis of strategic planning documents for the prerequisites for their adoption and the planning period, the formulation of indicators of implementation and the main directions of development, the details of development activities and the complexity of the planned changes. The factors influencing and influencing the management of foreign pension systems in the long term are noted. The study examines the question of how much more changes in pension systems are caused by socio-economic shocks and impulses than by government plans. The work uses coefficient, factorial, comparative, vertical and horizontal analysis of pension provision indicators and the implementation of strategic planning documents in foreign countries, and highlights the main components of long-term plans. Conclusions are drawn about the partial preservation of situational management of the development of pension systems and the presence of difficulties in strategic management, complemented by the correlation of waves of increasing and decreasing the number of pension reforms with business cycles. The deterioration of the demographic burden is presented as the main prerequisite for reforms, and the inclusion in the tasks of plans in all countries to introduce or improve the funded component of pension provision and the development of a multicomponent pension system determines the construction of a multi-level and diversified pension system as the main general trend of strategic management. The development planning horizon is from 5 to 14 years. Among the main indicators of their implementation are the replacement rate, the real growth in the size of pensions, indicators of poverty and inequality. In turn, indicators of the balance of the pension system and the absence of an increase in the retirement age are provided only in Moldova and Ireland, respectively.

Keywords: insurance pensions, social pensions, replacement rate, pension plans, pension reforms, strategic management, pension system, pension insurance, pension provision, social security

Abstract: The article examines current methodological issues of assessing the effectiveness of seaports in the Far Eastern basin, based on a stakeholder approach. Ports play a key role in global supply chains, ensuring economic growth, attracting investment and infrastructure development. However, traditional approaches to evaluating their effectiveness are insufficient, as they do not take into account the interests of various groups of stakeholders. The aim of the study is to develop a universal assessment tool that reflects the needs of all major stakeholder groups, taking into account their importance. Government and corporate reports are used to form the source database. The subject of the study is a methodology for the comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of seaports using a stakeholder approach. The object of the study is the seaports of the Russian Far Eastern basin, analyzed taking into account their impact on the economic, social and environmental aspects of regional development. The research methodology includes the formation of an integral performance indicator, which is a convolution of stakeholder performance indicators based on an analysis of various aspects of the port's activities and their impact on regional and national development. The novelty of the research lies in an integrated assessment approach that takes into account the interests of stakeholders and links the results with the concept of sustainable development. The findings highlight the importance of port operations not only for the economic and social growth of the region, but also for national security, given their strategic role in global supply chains. The results of the study show that the ports of Vladivostok and Vostochny are the leaders in efficiency, demonstrating consistently high performance in most categories. The ports of De-Kastri and Nikolaevsk-on-Amur turned out to be the least effective. The research results have a wide range of practical applications, both in terms of increasing the port's competitiveness, as well as for sustainable development and balanced growth in socio-economic and environmental contexts.

Keywords: social efficiency, environmental efficiency, regional efficiency, federal efficiency, sustainable development, competitiveness, Far Eastern Basin, the stakeholder approach, port performance indicators, seaport

Abstract: The subject of the article is a discussion of the SCO Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure and the CIS Anti-Terrorist Center, which offer new approaches to future anti-terrorist cooperation. The article focuses on two regional anti-terrorism bodies, which have different anti-terrorism legislation and priorities, different leading countries and different potential for developing anti-terrorist cooperation, each of which has its advantages. Both organizations face the threat of terrorism existing in the common Central Asia and neighboring regions, and in order to enhance the ability to combat terrorism, anti-terrorist cooperation between the two organizations at the international, regional and domestic levels provides theoretical and practical recommendations for regional anti-terrorist cooperation and contributes to the improvement and development of mechanisms for regional anti-terrorist cooperation. The article uses the method of comparative research, and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the two organizations in anti-terrorist cooperation by comparing and analyzing their founding goals, internal structures and mechanisms of work. The novelty of the article lies in the fact that previous studies of anti-terrorist cooperation were mainly devoted to the analysis of individual international organizations, whereas this article compares and compares the SCO RATS and the CIS ATC in order to offer new ideas for studying regional anti-terrorist cooperation. It is concluded that both organizations contribute to building global and regional security systems, but the CIS ATC has more comprehensive anti–terrorism legislation, while the SCO RATS has weak legislation; the CIS ATC is mainly dominated by Russia, while the SCO RATS is dominated by China and Russia; the number of CIS ATC member states is declining, and the development potential is limited, while the SCO RATS is shrinking. The number of CIS ATC member countries is decreasing, and its development potential is limited, while the SCO RATS is growing and has great development potential. Anti-terrorist cooperation in regional organizations should fully play the role of leading countries, take into account the interests and needs of member States, and clarify the jurisdiction of anti-terrorist cooperation.

Keywords: Russia, China, international organizations, regional security, international relations, Anti-terrorist cooperation, The Commonwealth of Independent States, Anti-terrorism Center, Shanghai Cooperation Organization, Regional anti-terrorist structure

Abstract: The subject of the study is the mechanisms of influence of geopolitical challenges on the automotive market in the context of Industry 4.0. The object of the study is the transformational processes in the global and Russian automotive industries under the influence of sanctions, supply chain disruptions and digitalization trends. Special emphasis is placed on the processes of regionalization of the global economy, which is the result of a rethinking of globalization by world powers and the realization that the current global political environment is too unstable, which in turn pushes countries to strengthen their own economies and economic ties with new international partners. The aim of the study is to identify the key factors influencing political instability and new technological solutions on the development of the automotive industry in the context of the transition from globalization to regionalization. Special attention is paid to the Russian automotive market, its current state and prospects. It is also noted how increasing the technological stability of an enterprise will make it less susceptible to political risks.   The paper uses analytical methods, including comparative analysis, economic modeling, and a review of current scientific sources and statistical data. The scientific novelty lies in an integrated analysis of the impact of geopolitical challenges on the automotive market through the prism of Industry 4.0 technologies. The main results include conclusions on the need to develop Industry 4.0 technologies to strengthen the national automotive industry and achieve technological sovereignty, recommendations for creating sustainable regional economic platforms for technological exchange with friendly countries, conclusions on the importance of government support programs that They include tax incentives and subsidies to stimulate the domestic automotive industry and specifically high-tech solutions in it, as well as a strategy of cooperation with Chinese automakers with a focus on localization and technology exchange to increase the competitiveness of the Russian automotive industry. The presented results help to form a more sustainable model for the development of the automotive industry, able to withstand external challenges.

Keywords: digitalization, localization of production, technological independence, sanctions, The Internet of Things, economic security, automotive industry, geopolitics, national markets, global economy

Abstract: The object of the study is "hybrid confrontation", the subject of the study is the principles of its organization in relation to the new conditions of implementation: globalization and informatization of the modern world. The article analyzes the main components of "hybrid" actions and, based on the analysis of historical experience, it is concluded that these approaches have deep historical roots. We are not talking about the "classic" use of mercenaries, even in the form of private military companies, not about proxy conflicts, namely about "hybrid" actions when the customer and the purpose of attracting armed formations are hiding, and, most importantly, military actions are accompanied by economic confrontation and information and psychological operations. Prototypes of such actions, implemented in the form of proxy conflicts, as shown by historical analysis, can be found already in the wars of the XV–XVII centuries, but they really began to be conducted in recent years, with the unification of the principles of proxy warfare at the lower level and "offshore balancing" at the global level. Based on the analysis of the historical experience of warfare and armed conflicts, it is concluded that modern "hybrid" actions are a direct development of long-known tactical proxy conflicts, and their development at the strategic level of "offshore balancing", and the threat of "hybrid" confrontation is relevant now and in the foreseeable future, but to counteract it the existing methods of armed confrontation are ineffective. The author concludes that it is necessary to ensure the readiness of our country to fend off such threats, describes possible aspects of the organization of counteraction.

Keywords: flexible force, smart power, private military companies, information confrontation, sanctions and blockades, economic wars, mercenarism, hybrid war, proxy war, history of hybrid wars

Abstract: This article is devoted to the analysis of artisanal methods of countering kamikaze FPV drones. The relevance of the work is due to the fact that the experience of a special military operation (SVO) in Ukraine has shown not only the increasing importance of light quadcopters on the battlefield, but also the importance of having effective methods of protection against them. The object of the study is methods of countering kamikaze FPV drones. The subject of the study is the use of artisanal methods of countering kamikaze FPV drones in recent military conflicts. The authors in this work analyzed not only the artisanal methods of countering kamikaze FPV drones themselves, but also the process of their evolution, taking into account the experience of real military conflicts (primarily the Special Military Operation in Ukraine). The methodology of this study is based on general scientific methods (content analysis method), as well as on special historical research methods (narrative and historical-genetic). The scientific novelty of this work lies in a detailed study of artisanal methods of countering kamikaze FPV drones, as well as an analysis of their evolution, using the experience of the Special Military Operation (both sides) and the experience of modern military operations in the Gaza Strip between Israel and the Hamas group. The authors’ special contribution to the study of the topic is a detailed description and analysis of the most effective methods of countering kamikaze drones, which have showed efficacy in modern combat conditions. The work also contains a large body of photographic materials illustrating the principles of operation of various homemade methods of countering kamikaze FPV drones. Based on the study, we can conclude that homemade methods of countering kamikaze FPV drones play a significant role in modern combat conditions, as well as the rapid adoption of experience in their use around the world. And while standard technical means of protection against kamikaze drones are not yet so developed or widespread among the troops, homemade methods remain an important part of protecting military equipment.

Keywords: FPV drones, kamikaze drones, protection of armored vehicles, anti-drone grid, anti-drone visors, military drones, UAVs, drones, Quadcopters, modern military conflicts