Abstract: The object of this research is a set of legal relations ensuring legal security overall, and national legal security in particular. The subject of this research is the norms of labor and service legislation that establish the fundamental values of legal security in this area; scientific views on the national and legal security; as well as different viewpoints of scholars on the concept of legal security. The authors infer that legal security and legal security as an element of national security are not identical. The author determines the attributes of legal security as a part of national security, including in the sphere of labor relations. The scientific novelty consists in the conclusions on the scope and content of the concepts “legal security as an element of national security” and “legal security in the area of labor relations”; as well as in determination of the levels and vectors of ensuring legal security as a part of national security in the area of labor relations.

Keywords: types national security, security threats, signs legal security, safety, labor Relations, legal security, National security, security protection, security risks, security risk warning

Abstract: The object of this research is the transport and logistics system. The subject of this research is the maritime terrorism and piracy as a threat to transport and logistics process at sea. The goal consists to determine and substantiate the manifestations of maritime terrorism and piracy as a remaining threat to commercial operation of maritime transport. Analysis is conducted on the potential object of terrorist attacks, piracy affected areas, as well as tactics and methods used by terrorist organizations, which allowed formulating five main forms of maritime terrorism based on the criteria of use of maritime space and selection of targets by terrorists. Special role is assigned to determination of the key factors contributing to maritime terrorism and piracy, peculiarities of their manifestation in most problematic areas of the World Ocean. The scientific novelty consists in theoretical and practical substantiation of the choice of research methods. The acquired results led to the conclusion that each sea transport region has its own specificities in manifestation of maritime terrorism and piracy. At the same time, there are universal forms, methods and means of their manifestation. Based on these facts, the author determined and substantiated the three basic areas for improvement of transport and logistic systems management to attenuate threats of maritime terrorism and piracy in the XXI century.

Keywords: piracy, maritime terrorism, Africa, Southeast Asia, water transport, maritime logistics, commercial exploitation, transport security, transport and logistics systems, management

Abstract: This article is dedicated to methodological and applied problems of increasing the effectiveness of managing transformation of law enforcement system of the Russian Federation in the context of the advanced information society. The work provides the results of analysis of the current challenges of countering the threats of national and public security in the information sphere, as well as the present state and development trends of cybercrime. The authors explore the tasks for improvement of the principles, methods, functions and techniques of the work of law enforcement system in the conditions of the development of information society and the resulting new threats to social security thereof. For increasing the efficiency of solving the applied and practical tasks in managing transformation of law enforcement system in the conditions of digitalization, the authors suggest using the methodology of scenario analysis that provides information support and quality assessment of preparation and implementation of solutions within the framework of management of the indicated processes. The article presents the results of a complex multifactor analysis of the problems of creation the unified investigative body, acquired in studying the multigraph model. Methodological framework contains the suggested approach based on the anticipatory scenario analysis and modeling the processes of development of situations at hand in the political-legal, sociopolitical, socioeconomic and information spheres, as well as in the external environment. The work is conducted with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research in terms of the scientific project No.18-29-16151” Development of the Methods of Managing Transformation of Law in the Conditions of Digital Technology”.

Keywords: transformation, law enforcement system, cybercrime, window of vulnerability, security, information society, digitalization, decision-making, scenario analysis, simulation

Abstract: The subject of this research is the dysfunctional factors attributable to religion as a social phenomenon. Based on the results of studying the role of religious worldview in the past and current confrontations between different confessions in the history of human civilization, the author sets a goal to determine and substantiate the religious factors, which manifestation carries destructive consequences for the society. The theoretical framework is comprises of the works on extremism and religious topic, results of sociological surveys, and statistical data. Special role is assigned to analysis of the text of Holy books of the traditional confessions of Russia, as well as practical examples of manifestation of religious extremism. The author leans not only on the unified, but also alternative theoretical approaches and on conclusions. Application of the historical and systemic methods allowed tracing the occurrences of religious extremism throughout the history of humanity. Gnoseological potential of sociological methods of quantitative and qualitative research allowed adequately interpreting the practical examples of religious extremism in the world. The author also uses the method of content analysis of the Holy religious books and mass media. It is concluded that each world and national religion has a number of dysfunctional factors, which under the influence of certain external and internal conditions upon their adepts, may form intolerance towards the representatives of other religion and manifest in the extremist views and actions.

Keywords: religious factor, religious extremism, Buddhism, Islam, Christianity, extremism, Religion, Russia, civilization, society

Abstract: The object of this research is the concept of “hybrid warfare/threat”. Such choice is substantiated by two facts: modern authors impart different meanings and content to this concept, often far from the initial; this concept is tautological, since “hybrid” is the characteristics of virtually any war, or application of a combination of various tactics and methods (except weapon of mass destruction) by the opponents. Therefore, the author believe that determination of “hybridism” attributable for multiple wars as a special type of warfare is inappropriate. The concepts is examined for its initial meanings, as well as relevance of interpretation in describing the conduct of military operations in modern conditions. The research is structures on the comparative analysis of original source that first employed the concept of “hybrid warfare”, as well as methodological guidance of this source. The scientific novelty first and foremost consists in author’s attempt to undermine the scientific research representing one of the versions of the genesis of “hybrid warfare” concept, as well as verify methodological sources used for development and explanation of this concept. The author also calls into question the relevance of the definition of “hybrid warfare”. It is concluded that the concept of “hybrid warfare/threat” is not operational, but has a tinge of ideology.

Keywords: asymmetric warfare, guerrilla warfare, mixed society, devolving states, pre-state society, hybrid forces, hybrid society, hybrid warfare, limited war, war of attrition