M.V. Varlen. Genesis of a Constitutional and Legal Status of the Member of Parliament

Abstract: Russian parliament has a very interesting history of formation and development, that can be divided into three stages. Consideration of these stages is very important for comprehension of representation traditions in Russian state. In the period of history between 1906–1917 all activity of the State Duma was predetermined by monarch, State Duma deputies had no legislative experience. Soviet representative system can be described as a combination of supervision and legislative activity. This period can be named parliamentary only nominally. De facto single mechanism of state-party administration was the only party of decision-making process. The qualitatively new stage of development of parliamentarism in the country has begun with the approval of the Russian Constitution of 1993. Formation principles, structure, the competence of the Federal Assembly were assumed as a basis of democratic parliamentarism, though it has some tangible disadvantages, and the main are a limited number of mechanisms of control of executive power and a faulty formation procedure of the Federation Council. Its formation principles, that has been changed three times for the last ten years, hardly could be ranked both as a level of an independent chamber and an effective representation of federal subjects.

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