
	Actual problems of Russian law Reference: Kozyavin, A.A. The fortune of judicial reforms in Russia: XIX and XXI centuries // Actual problems of Russian law. 2014. № 4. P. 637-644. URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=64138 Kozyavin, A.A. The fortune of judicial reforms in Russia: XIX and XXI centuries Abstract: The study concerns historical, social, and political grounds, which served as prerequisites for the need for judicial, legal and criminal procedural reforms in Russia in the middle of XIX century and the end of XX century within the complex of other social changes, and their substantiation in the scientific sources. The author studies the procedure for the implementation of judicial reforms, their main stages, normative sources (Judicial Charters of 1864 and the Criminal Procedural Code of the Russian Federation, organic criminal procedural law), their characteristics in the scientific sources and judicial practice, and their main results, analyzes counter-reforms and their implementation in criminal procedural legislation and their characteristics in scientific sources and judicial practice. The author applies dialectic, comparative legal, historical, formal dogmatic methods of scientific analysis, general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, the author also uses the modern achievements of the science of the criminal procedural law. The author singles out and characterizes the general social backgrounds, content-related, social and psychological causes, goals and directions of the reforms of 1864 and 1990s, legal technology of these reforms, specific features of development of the reform provisions in the criminal process, causes and effects of their gradual rejection by the legal practice, causing the counter-reform. The author substantiates the unique similarities of these moments in spite of the obvious differences in the historical stages in the development of Russian statehood, justice and criminal judicial procedure. The author supports recognition of the greater efficiency and incomparable structural logic of the Judicial Charters of 1864 in comparison with the criminal procedural law of the modern Russia. The author makes conclusions on the identity of the fate of judicial reforms in Russia, which is failure to implement their social potential, which may serve as grounds for the development of the concept of the new judicial legal reform. Keywords: criminal judicial proceedings, criminal procedural legislation, judicial legal reform, the Judicial Charters, separation of procedural functions, independence of court, judicial investigator, judicial counterreform, additional investigation, objective truth. This article can be downloaded freely in PDF format for reading. Download article This article written in Russian. You can find original text of the article here . References 1. Shchedrina Yu. V. Nesmenyaemost' sudey v Rossii vo vtoroy polovine 60-kh-kontse 80-kh gg. XIX v.: zakonodatel'noe zakreplenie i praktika realizatsii // Pravo i politika.-2012.-9.-C. 1618-1627. 2. Khrestomatiya po ugolovnomu protsessu Rossii: Uchebnoe posobie / Avtor-sost. prof. E.F. Kutsova. – M.: Gorodets, 1999. – 272 s 3. Shchedrina Yu.V. Obespechenie nezavisimosti sudey spetsial'nykh (soslovnykh) sudov v Rossii v 60-e – 80-e gg. XIX v.: problemy pravovogo regulirovaniya (na primere dukhovnogo suda) // Politika i Obshchestvo.-2012.-11.-C. 126-133. 4. Ryabinina T.K., Kozyavin A.A. Sistemnye protivorechiya protsessual'noy formy predvaritel'nogo rassledovaniya i puti ikh razresheniya // Rossiyskiy sledovatel'. – 2009.-№ 21. – S. 10-13. 5. Ryabinina T.K. Sledstvennyy komitet ili sudebnyy sledovatel' // Ugolovnoe sudoproizvodstvo. – 2011. – № 1. – S. 17 – 21. 6. Lukozhev Kh.M. Vozvrashchenie ugolovnogo dela dlya dopolnitel'nogo rassledovaniya // Nauchnye trudy. RAYuN. Vypusk 5: V 3-kh t.-M., 2005.-T. 3.-S. 135 – 136. 7. Kontseptsiya sudebnoy reformy v Rossiyskoy Federatsii / Sost. S.A. Pashin.-M.: Respublika, 1992.-111 s. 8. Lazareva V.A. Stereotipy myshleniya kak tormoz stanovleniya sostyazatel'nosti v ugolovnom protsesse Rossiyskoy Federatsii // Ugolovnaya yustitsiya: svyazb vremen. Izbrannye materialy mezhdunarodnoy nauchnoy konferentsii. Sankt-Peterburg, 6-8 oktyabrya 2010 goda / Sost. A.V. Smirnov, K.B. Kalinovskiy. – M.: ZAO «Aktion-Media», 2012. – S. 71-77. 9. Kal'nitskiy V.V., Kuryakhova T.V. Sushchestvo i poryadok realizatsii pozitsii Konstitutsionnogo Suda Rossii po voprosu o vozvrashchenii dela prokuroru dlya usileniya obvineniya (poslednee poseshchenie – 24 fevralya 2014 g.). 10. Kal'nitskiy V.V., Kuryakhova T.V. Pravovye pozitsii Konstitutsionnogo Suda Rossiyskoy Federatsii po voprosu vozvrashcheniya ugolovnogo dela v dosudebnoe proizvodstvo // Ugolovnoe pravo.-2009.-№ 4.-S. 96 – 100. 11. Davydov V.A. Peresmotr v poryadke nadzora sudebnykh resheniy po ugolovnym delam: proizvodstvo v nadzornoy instantsii: Nauch.-prakt. posob.-M., 2006. – 280 s. 12. Gavrilov B.Ya. Vliyanie ugolovno-protsessual'nogo zakonodatel'stva na sostoyanie bor'by s prestupnost'yu: tsifry i fakty // Ugolovno-protsessual'noe zakonodatel'stvo v sovremennykh usloviyakh: problemy teorii i praktiki: sb. statey / [Abramochkin V.V. i dr.]. – M.: Volters Kluver, 2010. – S. 15-23. 13. Bozh'ev V. «Tikhaya revolyutsiya» Konstitutsionnogo Suda v ugolovnom protsesse Rossiyskoy Federatsii // Rossiyskaya yustitsiya. – 2000.-№ 10.-S. 9-11. 14. Vysochayshe uchrezhdennaya komissiya dlya peresmotra zakonopolozheniy po sudebnoy chasti. Ob'yasnitel'naya zapiska k proektu novoy redaktsii uchrezhdeniya sudebnykh ustanovleniy. – SPb., 1900. – T. 1. – 94 s. 15. Arsen'ev K.K. Predanie sudu i dal'neyshiy khod ugolovnogo dela do nachala sudebnogo sledstviya. Sbornik prakticheskikh zametok.-S.-Peterburg, 1870. – 235 s.

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Kozyavin, A.A. The fortune of judicial reforms in Russia: XIX and XXI centuries