Abstract: The purpose of the article is to analyze the influence of the external and internal factors on the sustainable development of the meat-processing industry in Russia, to establish their role, importance and the consequences of impact. 
The authors describe such external environment uncertainty factors affecting the sustainable development of the meat-processing industry as the macroeconomic development - the crops cultivation as a food reserve for animal breeding, price fluctuation, including those for raw materials and food reserves for meat processing, meat market competition.
Using the methods of logical, comparative and economic and statistical analysis, the authors study such an internal environment factor as the characteristics of sausage manufacture. The authors consider the formulation of the cooked sausage “Doktorskaya”, and analyze the food additives according to the state standards. 
The authors conclude that the sustainable development of the meat-processing industry in Russia is based, on the one hand, on risk and uncertainty levelling which is possible under the condition of the appropriate taking account of the external environment factors and the effective evaluation criteria, and on the other hand - on the technological characteristics of sausage manufacture involving the improvement of the formulation and wide use of food additives.
 

Abstract: Based on desk research, this paper seeks to build on existing literature concerning how Africa can enhance effective government systems needed to make policies work better for poor people and meet the challenges of globalisation. While making an in-depth examination into the current seemingly antagonistic public-private development platforms in Africa, the paper also feeds into a dominant narrative which indicates areas of relevance to poverty reduction and participatory development when critical actors work in synergy. Through the use of an analytic narrative and descriptive method of data analysis, it therefore, explores the role national partnerships can play in bringing governments, the private sector and civil society together around shared strategies for formulation and implementation of pro-poor policies.

Abstract: The article tackles new technologies impact on urban transportation and gives some projections on how the future of urban passenger transit and urban goods transportation would look like. The research is centered mainly on the impact of those technologies on modal choice and explains how the impact of new theologies will contribute to the obsolescence of the public urban transport. Several factors are taken into account to support this idea. Projections on decrease in urban transport are based on major challenges of labor market (automation and teleworking), as well as ecommerce development, which will cut the demand for public transport ridership by half. Those trends will also substantially reduce the car ownership, and thus contribute to traffic decongestion. At the same time, shared-ridership platforms (Uber, etc.) have significantly decreased the cost of transit by private means of transport, equal to some fares of public transport, whereas driverless and electric cars will further decrease the cost of transit by private means of transport up to making public transport unnecessary.

Abstract: The article tackles the questions of social capital transformation in developed countries. The author considers the role played by human rights in this process, form several points of view, including the influence of the human rights on traditional interpersonal forms and institutions of social capital (family, kin, neighbors…), as well as the role of human rights in broad forms (national, universal) of social capital transformation. The author does not limit his thinking to – almost ubiquitously admitted in social sciences – questions of depletion (deterioration) of social capital but also considers the less accepted issues of reconstruction of social capital. Several conclusions are drawn. First, the human rights, among other factors, have contributed to the deterioration of social capital (especially the traditional forms and institutions of interpersonal social capital). Second, human rights have also contributed to construction of social capital, especially the broad (national and universal) forms of social capital. Moreover, the author advances the idea that if the traditional interpersonal forms of social capital were depleted under the influence of several factors (human rights among them), the human rights played almost exclusive role in construction of broad forms of social capital.

Abstract: The author attempts to answer the question “Why Russians are so different?” form the sociopolitical and economic points of view. He advances the idea that the major role in formation of peculiarities of Russians’ identity was played by some cultural aspects of the pre-Communist era, but also the political institutions influence of the Soviet Union. The author compares distinctive traits of Russians’ identity with those of the people of developed countries. The author considers such topics of Russians’ cultural identity as: destruction of social capital under the Soviet Union and its influence upon the current social conditions; causes of the problems with establishment of democratic institutions, as well as protection of human rights; historical background of the economic development and influence of the legacy of the Communist regime upon current economic conditions.

Abstract: The article tackles new technologies impact on urban transportation and gives some projections on how the future of urban passenger transit and urban goods transportation would look like. The research is centered mainly on the impact of those technologies on modal choice and explains how the impact of new theologies will contribute to the obsolescence of the public urban transport. Several factors are taken into account to support this idea. Projections on decrease in urban transport are based on major challenges of labor market (automation and teleworking), as well as ecommerce development, which will cut the demand for public transport ridership by half. Those trends will also substantially reduce the car ownership, and thus contribute to traffic decongestion. At the same time, shared-ridership platforms (Uber, etc.) have significantly decreased the cost of transit by private means of transport, equal to some fares of public transport, whereas driverless and electric cars will further decrease the cost of transit by private means of transport up to making public transport unnecessary.

Abstract: The article tackles new technologies impact on urban transportation and gives some projections on how the future of urban passenger transit and urban goods transportation would look like. The research is centered mainly on the impact of those technologies on modal choice and explains how the impact of new theologies will contribute to the obsolescence of the public urban transport. Several factors are taken into account to support this idea. Projections on decrease in urban transport are based on major challenges of labor market (automation and teleworking), as well as ecommerce development, which will cut the demand for public transport ridership by half. Those trends will also substantially reduce the car ownership, and thus contribute to traffic decongestion. At the same time, shared-ridership platforms (Uber, etc.) have significantly decreased the cost of transit by private means of transport, equal to some fares of public transport, whereas driverless and electric cars will further decrease the cost of transit by private means of transport up to making public transport unnecessary.

Abstract: The author examines the questions of gender equality in the modern world, as well as from the historical-anthropological perspective. The article deals with the examples of gender inequality from the physical, sociological and psychological standpoints, in various cultures, and how it can affect marriages between men and women, where interdependence and mutual interest play a significant role in consummation and preservation of marriage. The work leans on the cases of Norwegian-Russian and French-Russian marital unions, using the traditional to sociology and jurisprudence method of scientific research. The material carries anthropological character, which explains the extensive use of the methods of historical sciences. The author explicates the causes of gender inequality, their origin and consolidation in the culture, religion, and law, as well as demonstrates a range of interesting examples of sociological, cultural, and legal inequality of genders from the various cultural environments, countries and continents. Using the precedents of Norwegian-Russian and French-Russian marriages, the author analyzes how their union is preserved based on the interdependence and mutual interest.

Abstract: The article deals with drivers´ rehabilitation programs. The program is determined for drivers who withdrawn driving licenses for repeatedly traffic offenses or for transport crimes. The program aims to change the behavior and attitudes of dangerous drivers. The program is designed as 4 hours group meetings (6 meetings). The meetings themselves combine education and therapeutic intervention. In this framework, not only is the therapeutic work of instructors used, but also group dynamics. Typical participants of this program are drivers under influence of alcohol or drugs. The rehabilitation program works in most European countries. In the Czech Republic are currently under pilot study. This study presents step by step the structure of drivers´ rehabilitation program in the Czech Republic. This article deals with the possibilities of measuring the program´s effectiveness although. It is always important to consider the possibilities of evaluating such measures in the implementation of any action aimed at changing the behavior and attitudes of an individual.

Abstract: The article deals with driver rehabilitation programs. This program is intended for drivers whose driving licenses have been revoked for repeated traffic offenses or for transport crimes. This program aims to change the behavior and attitudes of dangerous drivers. The program consists of 6 group meetings, each lasting 4 hours. The meetings themselves combine education and therapeutic intervention. The process includes both, the work of the instructors, as well as group effort. Typical participants of this program are DWI/DUI drivers. The rehabilitation program works in most European countries. In the Czech Republic the program is currently in trial stages. This study presents step-by-step structure of driver rehabilitation program in the Czech Republic. The authors also attempt to assess the efficiency of this program. It is always important to consider the possibilities of evaluating such measures in the implementation of any action aimed at changing the behavior and attitudes of an individual.

Abstract: The article tackles the questions of social capital transformation in developed countries. The author considers the role played by human rights in this process, form several points of view, including the influence of the human rights on traditional interpersonal forms and institutions of social capital (family, kin, neighbors…), as well as the role of human rights in broad forms (national, universal) of social capital transformation. The author does not limit his thinking to – almost ubiquitously admitted in social sciences – questions of depletion (deterioration) of social capital but also considers the less accepted issues of reconstruction of social capital. Several conclusions are drawn. First, the human rights, among other factors, have contributed to the deterioration of social capital (especially the traditional forms and institutions of interpersonal social capital). Second, human rights have also contributed to construction of social capital, especially the broad (national and universal) forms of social capital. Moreover, the author advances the idea that if the traditional interpersonal forms of social capital were depleted under the influence of several factors (human rights among them), the human rights played almost exclusive role in construction of broad forms of social capital.

Abstract: This article examines various questions pertaining to the Council of EuropeConvention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence.In particular, the author reviews the process of development of the aforementioned act, itsstructure, main positions, and other aspects. The work also studies the fundamental definitionsused by this act (the notion of domestic violence, gender, as well as criminal qualificationof the domestic violence). The attention is focused on the comparative-legal and formal-legalmethods of research. This act of the Council of Europe is yet to be examines within theRussian juridical science, which substantiates the relevance and novelty of this work. Theauthor is also interested in the experience of implementation of the normative documents ofthe Council of Europe into the national legal order of Poland, as well as the law enforcementaspect of the material. The scientific novelty consists in examination of the questions ofdevelopment of this act, its genesis and the influence of the positions of various states uponthe establishment of this legal text.

Abstract:  
This article presents the analysis of one of the most relevant problems in sports law – the problem of fighting doping in sports. A special attention is paid to the capabilities of criminal law as the strictest means used for preventing illegal behavior and punishment of the violators. The author examines the key positions of International Convention against Doping in Sport (2005), which expound the content of the notions “violation of anti-doping rules”, “banned substance”, and others. The author also highlights the directions in which these positions have affected the Polish legislation. Analysis is conducted on the law on prevention of drug abuse (2005), law on sport (2010), and “Pharmaceutical Law” (2001) in the Criminal Code. A brief analysis is given to the procedural aspects of the fight against doping in sports, and a position is substantiated, according to which the disciplinary measures in cases of violation of the anti-doping laws leans on the criminal procedural model. Various types of sanctions applied for violation of technical rules of the sports discipline, and anti-doping laws are also being listed.
 

Abstract:  
This article presents the analysis of one of the most relevant problems in sports law – the problem of fighting doping in sports. A special attention is paid to the capabilities of criminal law as the strictest means used for preventing illegal behavior and punishment of the violators. The author examines the key positions of International Convention against Doping in Sport (2005), which expound the content of the notions “violation of anti-doping rules”, “banned substance”, and others. The author also highlights the directions in which these positions have affected the Polish legislation. Analysis is conducted on the law on prevention of drug abuse (2005), law on sport (2010), and “Pharmaceutical Law” (2001) in the Criminal Code. A brief analysis is given to the procedural aspects of the fight against doping in sports, and a position is substantiated, according to which the disciplinary measures in cases of violation of the anti-doping laws leans on the criminal procedural model. Various types of sanctions applied for violation of technical rules of the sports discipline, and anti-doping laws are also being listed.
 

Abstract: In his article Garin examines opportunities for implementing modern information and communication technologies in music education. The researcher also makes indirect conclusions about using such technologies in musical arts in general. The author analyzes the impact of network and communication technologies on music education and overall teaching process as well as the effect of creation and mass distribution of mobiles on music education. Garin analyzes opportunities of using touch-screens during practical classes as part of music education. The author uses classical pedagogical research methods. Garin also engages psychological and social science methods. He concludes that the creation of mobiles absolutely changed and continues to change music education. Firstly, this is due to the mass distribution of mobiles. Secondly, this is explained by powerful capabilities of these devices that are still being revealed. That entails capabilities of the digital sound processing, using these capabilities in the game format, and using mobiles and their applications as virtual musical instruments and accessory devices (for example, as a rhythmometer). Finally, such features of these devices as their portability, universality and multifunctionality, i.e. combination of several functions in one device, allow to make a statement that modern mobiles will soon take the first place in the music education process. 
 

Abstract: The paper considers various aspects of struggle against corruption in the social sphere of foreign states. The author studies criminological aspects of struggle against corruption in the social sphere, highlights the peculiarities and reasons of a low level of corruption in the social sphere of West European and North American states. The author considers the use of such penal instruments as unjust enrichment and criminal liability of legal entities for struggle against corruption. The article studies the judicial practice cases. The author applies the standard set of research methods of legal science. The author studies the statutory framework and judicial practice. The author notes that as opposed to the situation in Russia, where the main corruption-related problem in the social sphere is the so-called petty corruption, the main corruption-related problem in the social sphere of foreign states is the problem of the upper-level corruption, corruption on the inter-institutional level in contrast to the interpersonal one. The author identifies the most widespread corruption practices in the social sphere of foreign states. 

Abstract: This article examines various questions pertaining to the Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence. In particular, the author reviews the process of development of the aforementioned act, its structure, main positions, and other aspects. The work also studies the fundamental definitions used by this act (the notion of domestic violence, gender, as well as criminal qualification of the domestic violence). The attention is focused on the comparative-legal and formal-legal methods of research. This act of the Council of Europe is yet to be examines within the Russian juridical science, which substantiates the relevance and novelty of this work. The author is also interested in the experience of implementation of the normative documents of the Council of Europe into the national legal order of Poland, as well as the law enforcement aspect of the material. The scientific novelty consists in examination of the questions of development of this act, its genesis and the influence of the positions of various states upon the establishment of this legal text.

Abstract: This article explores the role played by the liberal values within political secularization (secularization of political power), as well as secularization on individual level (erosion of the observation of religious practices, values, and beliefs). The role of socioeconomic and political factors in secularization – such as capitalism, advancements of sciences, and Reformation – is reconsidered in relation to the role of liberal values. The existing concepts of secularization are reinterpreted to integrate the factor of human rights and liberal values into this process. Historical and philosophical approaches to the subject of the study allow the author to discover substantial contradictions within social assignment of religion and liberal values, and to draw a conclusion that liberal values have played a crucial role in secularization.

Abstract: The subject of this research is the question of regional integration of the countries of Northeastern Asia in the area of energy, on the example of organization of energy export from Russia to China. The author presents the data on the current situation with regards to organizing the energy export, and presents the analysis of the potential of bordering Russian regions in energy production for the purpose organizing energy export to People’s Republic of China. A special attention is given to the questions of supplying the member-states of the Northeastern Asia with energy. Among the main conclusions of this research is the fact that increasing its own export potential in the energy sphere will allow Russia to strengthen the existing energy complex of the Russian regions bordering China, stimulate the development of associated industries, create new jobs in the regions, increase tax revenue in the regions, as well as make quality changes within the structure of the trade balance between Russia and China with regards to energy.

Abstract: The author attempts to answer the question “Why Russians are so different?” form the sociopolitical and economic points of view. He advances the idea that the major role in formation of peculiarities of Russians’ identity was played by some cultural aspects of the pre-Communist era, but also the political institutions influence of the Soviet Union. The author compares distinctive traits of Russians’ identity with those of the people of developed countries. The author considers such topics of Russians’ cultural identity as: destruction of social capital under the Soviet Union and its influence upon the current social conditions; causes of the problems with establishment of democratic institutions, as well as protection of human rights; historical background of the economic development and influence of the legacy of the Communist regime upon current economic conditions.