Abstract: The subject of the research is the specifics and actual problems of using the results of operational investigative activities in prisons of the Russian Federation, including their legal regulation and their use as proves in criminal cases. The purpose of the work is to analyze the problems of using the results of the investigative activities in prisons and to develop proposals for improving this activity in the context of the functioning of prisons. The research work analyzes the current problems of using the results of the investigative activities in prisons, issues related to improving the procedure for including the information obtained in criminal evidence, problems arising in the process of investigating crimes in prisons, and makes proposals necessary to improve this activity in the context of the functioning of prisons. The results of the work indicate the existence of existing urgent problems of using the results of operational investigative activities, as well as proposals necessary to improve this activity in the context of the functioning of prisons. The methodological basis of this work is an analysis of the norms of operational investigative and penal enforcement legislation, as well as the results of routine measures and operational investigative actions carried out by correctional officers in proving criminal cases. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that the following problems related to the design of security measures in prisons are revealed: investigative activities are carried out without the issuance of an appropriate resolution; without the participation of witnesses; the compliance of such investigative activities with the criminal law requirements is dubious. As a result such investigative activities within the prisons should be considered unacceptable and cannot be used in the criminal proceedings. The conclusions that were formulated in the paper are aimed at solving the problems under consideration. To do this, it is necessary, first of all, to make appropriate amendments to the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, which will complement the existing evidence system, as a result of which the results of operational investigative activities obtained in correctional institutions can be used in criminal proceedings.

Abstract: The subject of this article is juvenile delinquency, its condition and certain aspects of determination in modern conditions. The article analyzes the personality characteristics of juvenile offenders, their susceptibility to the influence of external factors, as well as certain issues of determining juvenile delinquency due to cases of unjustified use of the institution of probation in practice. Attention is paid to statistical data, the analysis of which allows us to establish a clear downward trend in both the number of crimes committed annually by minors and their share in the total mass of crimes committed. The relevance of the stated research topic is related to the need to study the specifics of bringing minors to criminal responsibility in connection with the specifics of this category of criminals and the need to minimize criminal actions on their part. The need to study issues related to juvenile delinquency clearly takes place in modern conditions, especially in the light of the increase in the population of the Russian Federation as a result of the annexation of new territories. The novelty of the study consists in the presentation and research of statistical data on juvenile delinquency in the Russian Federation, as well as the formulation and analysis of problematic aspects of the application of the institution of probation to minors in its current form. In the light of the accession of new regions to the territory of the Russian Federation, this topic requires detailed study in order to exclude the likelihood of an increase in crimes committed by minors as a result of placing them in conditions with new legal realities for them. The main conclusions of the study are the statement about the need for further scientific research of options for optimizing the legislative regulation of the institution of conditional sentencing of minors, which in the future can contribute to the continuation of the trend towards an annual decrease in the number of crimes committed by minors, as well as generally have a positive impact on crime prevention activities in the country.