Abstract: The subject of the study is the management of complex social systems, the object of the study is to increase the effectiveness of management through the use of feedback. The lack of feedback is one of the most significant drawbacks of any management system. At the same time, most social management systems, such as municipal and public administration systems, did not have such systems in their full understanding. This was determined primarily by technical problems, namely, the lack of a means of promptly collecting and processing large volumes of poorly formalized information. Currently, with the advent of big data processing technologies, it is possible to implement these requirements. Accordingly, it has become relevant to develop requirements for such systems, substantiate the required parameters, structure and characteristics of feedback. To do this, the article suggests using mathematical modeling methods, describing the model in terms of the theory of automatic control. Based on the analysis of the management features of complex human-machine systems, proposals for organizing feedback to increase the stability of their management are synthesized. Using general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, the article formulates the basic principles of feedback in social management systems. The main conclusion is the possibility of introducing feedback technologies into municipal and public administration systems, as well as their positive impact on the functioning of the management system. The main scientific results presented in the article are the conclusions on evaluating the effectiveness of feedback implementation. The authors substantiate the requirements for feedback components, their impact on sustainability and management efficiency. The provisions developed in the article can improve the efficiency of the functioning of municipal and public administration systems. Taking into account the turbulence of the modern world, the use of destructive social technologies within the framework of a "hybrid" confrontation, the proposed methods can ensure an increase in the stability and efficiency of the management system, ensuring the stability of the state as a whole.

Abstract: The object of the study is to ensure the security of objects during the conduct of military conflicts of varying intensity. The subject of the study is to increase security by increasing secrecy. Historical analysis shows that secrecy is provided mainly due to the coloring of military uniforms and objects. At the early stages of combat operations, the colors of uniforms served, along with other elements of visual visualization of the situation, to visually distinguish their troops from enemy troops, the separation of troops by gender and purpose, and the issue of masking combat and rear facilities was not relevant. With the increase in the range, accuracy and rate of fire of weapons, the field military uniform gradually lost the function of identification and acquired the function of disguise. At first it was a one-color "khaki" color, then a camouflage coloring. With the appearance of military equipment on the battlefield, it also had to be painted, masking turned from a poorly formalized process into one of the forms of ensuring combat operations – engineering. Subsequently, with the advent of reconnaissance and combat aircraft, and other types of long-range weapons, it was necessary to ensure the secrecy of not only the objects of the battlefield, but also the objects of the rear. Separate sections of masking – reducing the optical visibility of objects in the air and at sea. The article examines the history of the development of methods for increasing the secrecy of personnel, weapons and objects through the use of protective coloring of uniforms, equipment and military equipment. Other aspects of the application of methods of increasing stealth in optical and other ranges, their development in recent history are briefly touched upon.

Abstract: The subject of this research is digitalization of the economy, while the object is the structure of this process. Special attention is given to heterogeneous structure of digitalization process, as well as the impact of its various components upon the real sector. One of the concerns this subject category the expert assessment of the concept of “digital” economy as something integral. At the same time, the analysis indicates that the digitalization of society and economy is a complicated process, and each component influences the processes of production, distribution, and management of the real sector. Unless this fact is not taken into account, the errors in construction of digitalization plans may occur, which substantiates the relevance of the selected topic. Based on the analysis of the problems of digitalization of the economy, management, production and distribution, the article synthesizes the recommendations for clarification of the structure of “digital economy”. The author concludes that “digital economy” should not be viewed as organic whole, since the components have been determined with may differently affect the real production and distribution. The novelty lies in the proposal to view digitalization processes as a composite phenomenon that consists of interrelated, but relatively independent components. Theoretically, such approach would ensure more accurate planning of the development of digital production, the theory of economic management, and personnel training.