Abstract: The subject of the study is non-institutional politics and its role in modern socio-political processes in the context of social movements. The thesis is substantiated that protest is a common element of the reasons for the growing importance of non-institutional politics, which brings together and even includes non-institutional politics in traditional politics. It represents the central analytical category around which the theoretical justification of the above position is based – currently, non-institutional politics has become part of the so-called traditional politics. The arguments in favor of this thesis can be divided into two main directions: the first, systemic, concerns the transformations that have influenced institutionalized politics in democratic systems over the past half century, the second, participatory, refers to the multifaceted development of social movements. Both involve a wide range of factors that interact in the development of non-institutional politics and, consequently, increase its rank and legitimacy. The tasks set required an appropriate theoretical and methodological basis for the study, which was compiled by the political science concepts of civil society, the theory of democracy (polyarchy). The paradigms of social movement research were taken into account: the paradigm of collective behavior, the theory of collective action (resource mobilization), the paradigm of new social movements. A systematic approach and methods of comparative historical analysis of social and political phenomena were used. The main subject of protest, challenge and formation of non-institutionalized politics are new social movements. Social movements are represented by an informal network of organizations and people united by collective identity, common values and aimed at expanding the boundaries of existing non-institutional politics and transforming socio-political design in the form of protest activities. The activity of these movements indicates that in modern post-industrial society, power is becoming fragmented. Classical political models based on class struggle within the framework of traditional political institutions are gradually being replaced by new forms of governance and communication, including non-institutionalized politics, the politics of democratic pluralism. New social movements are opposed to the traditional methods of decision-making by the bureaucracy, are organized on decentralized, networked principles and act as a factor in an increasingly deep dispersion of power in modern society.

Abstract: The subject of this article is the process of implementation of UN international agreements on the questions of space activity into the national legislation of EU member-states. The author leans on the fact that considering the insignificant volume of national space legislation passed in the EU member-states, as well as differences of legal framework in regulation of space activity, the actors of space activity can shift their space activity into the countries with more favorable space legislation. For the purpose of prevention of this trend, on the EU level there is a trend on unification and harmonization of legislation and policy in the area of space activity. The conclusion is made on the different approach and disaccord in the practice of implementation of the norms of international agreements into the national space legislation. Particularly, in the national space legislation of the EU member-states, there are differences in exercising state control over the activity of nongovernmental legal entities, namely in the procedures of obtaining a permit for realization of space activity by the actors of space activity outside the national borders. There is also discrepancy in the questions of licensing of space activity: different requirements for license acquisition and terms of application processing, as well as various national authorities executing the function of licensing of space activity.  Approaches also vary with regards to the questions of responsibility for the harm inflicted by space object, so is the practice of creation the national register of space objects launched by the states.

Abstract: The subject of this research is the political, demographic, and socioeconomic processes taking place in the European Union. The analysis demonstrates that the strong clash between the Euro-integration and Euro-skeptical trends within theoretical discussions and at the level of policy implementation, manifests as the result of crisis of the Euro-Integration processes. Crucial significance attains the assessment of effectiveness and correspondence with realities of current development of the mechanism and patterns of interaction in the context of this integration community. The goal of this work lies in identification of the causes led to such type of crisis phenomena, as well as alternative ways of their overcoming. The following conclusions were made: the clash of various positions with regards to the expansion of EU boundaries and magnitude of Euro-integration leads to imbalance of political powers and growth of Euro-skepticism, which in turn, justifies the fluctuations in the EU strategic course; the existing difference in economic level of the EU member-states lead to escalation of disagreements in the overall EU economic policy; the fundamental differences are observed in the question of the division of powers between the EU communitarian bodies and national governments. Namely these three problems and methods of their solution represents conceptual alternatives to the development of the European Union. Without their fundamental resolution and reformatting of the institutions and policy of the European Union, further Euro-integration is doubtful.

Abstract: The subject of this research is the political, demographic, and socioeconomic processes taking place in the European Union. The analysis demonstrates that the strong clash between the Euro-integration and Euro-skeptical trends within theoretical discussions and at the level of policy implementation, manifests as the result of crisis of the Euro-Integration processes. Crucial significance attains the assessment of effectiveness and correspondence with realities of current development of the mechanism and patterns of interaction in the context of this integration community. The goal of this work lies in identification of the causes led to such type of crisis phenomena, as well as alternative ways of their overcoming. The following conclusions were made: the clash of various positions with regards to the expansion of EU boundaries and magnitude of Euro-integration leads to imbalance of political powers and growth of Euro-skepticism, which in turn, justifies the fluctuations in the EU strategic course; the existing difference in economic level of the EU member-states lead to escalation of disagreements in the overall EU economic policy; the fundamental differences are observed in the question of the division of powers between the EU communitarian bodies and national governments. Namely these three problems and methods of their solution represents conceptual alternatives to the development of the European Union. Without their fundamental resolution and reformatting of the institutions and policy of the European Union, further Euro-integration is doubtful.