Abstract: The subject of this research is the examination of the process of self-identification taking place during the formation of multicultural society with its diversity, and at the same time, specific issues common to such type of social structure. The author touches upon the theoretical and practical aspects of the problem of multiculturalism and self-identification within the multicultural space. Multiculturalism is also being views as the scheme of social structure in different countries of the world, particularly in the countries of Western Europe and European Union. An attempt is made to pursue correlation between the various groups within the framework of multicultural societies in other regions of the world, namely in Asia (accent is made on China and Taiwan). The scientific novelty consists in the author’s attempt to explore the nature of multiculturalism and the problem of self-identification of a human in the multicultural society on the macro-level, and simultaneously on the micro-level, in other words, on the level of separate individuals. The conclusion is made on the necessity to search a comprehensive approach from the side of the hosting societies on integration into the society, as well as with regards to specific individuals (on the level of schools, colleges, language centers, etc.).