Abstract: The article is devoted to the origins of the Russian social and political identity. Unlike Western logic which interrelate the terms "property", "status", "wealth", "prestige" and so on, in Russian mentality the term "property" is closely related to the term "power". The author of the article analyzes mental peculiarities of political identity taking into account specific civilization features of nations and societies.

Keywords: Politologiya, politicheskaya identifikatsiya, mentalitet, Religiya, rossiiskii mentalitet, pravoslavie

Abstract: The article is devoted to the problem of formation and development of the institution of state civil service in the Russian Federation at a modern stage. Special attention is paid at a theoretical issue of assigning the sphere of legal regulation of the institution of civil service to the branches of state, administrative and labor laws. Taking into account the inter-branch nature of the institution of civil service, it is suggested to solve the issues of legal regulation of this institution on the basis of the intra-branch approach which do not decline permissive or imperative methods of regulation but combine these methods altogether. The author of the article also forms certain goals towards further development of state civil service.

Keywords: state civil service, state service, conceptions, models, reformation, principles of state civil service, anticorruption measures, legal regulation.

Abstract: Development of information society associates with numerous innovations and challenges. Meanwhile, public security remains the key issue. There are various factors influencing the process of solving these issues, but the author of the article outline the most fundamental ones: culture, education and spirituality. The article analyzes the conditions and challenges of formation and impact of education, culture and spirituality on public security in Russia.

Keywords: political science, culture, education, security, information society, state institution, society, development, morals, spirituality.

Abstract: Public control over the penal institutions determine the effectiveness of functioning of modern institutions of civil society. In conditions of modernization of state authorities of Russia particular attention is paid at the study of foreign experience of formation and functioning of the institution of civilian control over the penal institutions in modern societies. When performing reformations of the criminal execution system it is necessary to take into account the positive and negative results of activity by civilian associations in the sphere of control over execution of punitive functions in different countries.

Keywords: political science, modernization, society, state institution, sentence, reformation, prison, convict, citizens, power.

Abstract: The article is devoted to political parties. The goal of the article is to study peculiaritie of financing of political parties in the republics of Northern Caucasus. The Federal Law ‘Concerning Political Parties’ dated July 11, 2011 provides that political parties can be financed by federal funds. The author of the article considers different sources of financing of the parties including state and public financing. The latter includes not only membership fees but also financing by legal entities, private companies and business executives. The author gives statistics of financial statements of political parties about collection of membership fees as well as studies the materials of journalistic investigations which show that practically all political parties which are on the political arena now, have been traditionally funded by major financial and industrial groups. However, the Liberal Democratic Party of Russia is an exception, because its financial statement shows only membership fees. Financing of political parties in Caucasus has its own peculiarities caused by their lifestyle and traditions. Therefore, the author concludes that the system of membership fees is very weak or does not exist at all. State financing is not always the best, either. As a result, parties often have to rely on sponsors which often lead to people buying a deputy’s seat out of their own purposes. It all causes disappointments in political parties and reluctance to participate in elections.

Keywords: political science, party, financing, North, Caucasus, Republics, Elections, Candidates, Deputies, Parliament.

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the role of programme documents in the evolution of Russian legislation. The author shows, that the idea of Russian legislation totally ignore the provisions of programme documents does not reflect reality. The proposals of the majority of lawyers resolve into the official validation of programme documents as a federal statutory acts are not adequate.

Keywords: legislation, programme documents, The Message of President of Russian Federation to the Federal Assembly (Federal`noe Sobranie), The Civil Legislation of Russia Development Conception, the law-making technic.

Abstract: The article contains an analysis of legal regulation of monitoring of financial stability of credit organizations. The author makes a conclusion about the need in banking regulation and supervision bodies moving away from a traditional monitoring of observation of banking legislation in the framework of prudential regulation to a maximum assessment of banking risks by credit organizations themselves. In order to ensure security of a national banking system, it is necessary for the Bank of Russia to carry out a continuous and complex monitoring over the condition and dynamics of development of the banking sector. It is underlined that preventive determination of problems in the process of monitoring of banking risks and proper management decisions ensure stability of the banking sector of economics and security of the national banking system.

Keywords: law, banking security, credit organizations, banking supervision, statutory requirements, financial stability, reporting, bank exposure, Bank of Russia.

Abstract: What kind of social and economic system are we having now? On one hand, we see formation of market institutions and private property modern system of taxation, development of banking and insurance business, stock market and etc. On the other hand, a state institution does not only perform operative administration of business activity by public enterprises but it is also a major government structure. This creates certain problem but also forms conditions for formation of new social technologies. The author of this particular article analyzes one of such examples, - the target project ‘Development of Mass Non-Repayable Blood Donation’ which already started in 2008.

Keywords: social studies, politics, society, donorship, institution, methodology, technology, projecting, development, volunteer service.

Abstract: The article examines the development of education-material resources in special educational establishments of finance-economic profile in 60-80 years of Soviet period. The paper gives the analysis of the state bodies activity and socio-political structures in the set direction. The importance of the given investigation is evolution of personnel staff maintenance in different branches of economy in RSFSR and its influence upon the level of specialists training.

Keywords: investigation, development of secondary special educational establishments, education-material resources, specialists training.

Abstract: The article studies one of the possible variants of structuring the regulatory subsystem of politics. The author of the article analyzes peculiarities of the determined regulators and describes the grounds for legal regulation in the context of globalization.

Keywords: politics, legal regulation, social interaction, political and legal norms, political and moral norms, domestic norms, the golden rule of morals, globalization.

Abstract: After reform and opening up of the 1978th year, China is increasingly emphasizing its naval and maritime interests: economic development, territorial management, energy and food security, as well as trade. The article explores China’s Sea Power and maritime politics. The Chinese maritime issues are studied through the analysis of the scientific basis of marine policy and Chinese resources, which discuss these problems.

Keywords: China’s maritime policy, Chinese naval challenge, maritime disputes, «string of pearls».

Abstract: The article analyzes the destiny of the peasants’ community in the context of agricultural policy of the Soviet Union back in 1920. The authors of the article clearly describe how the functions of the land community and powers of the Selsoviet correlated. The authors also define the objective reasons of transfer of community functions to the structures of state executive authority.

Keywords: political science, Bolshevism, community, gathering, Selsoviet (local council), office, farm unit, plot, representatives, democracy.