Abstract: The relevance of studying the problem of the attractiveness of the city in the assessments of student youth lies in the need to understand the factors influencing the choice of place of residence and study of the younger generation. In the context of globalization and migration processes, it is important to identify which aspects of the urban environment, infrastructure and social life attract students, as well as what problems they see in their city. Today, the phenomenon of social attractiveness is becoming more and more significant, as individuals begin to form a certain social rating in the system of any interactions, which affects their choice of moving, shopping, etc. For students, the assessment of attractiveness, as a rule, is of particular importance, since many medium-sized cities during the academic year are literally filled with students seeking to get an education or to gain a solid foothold and develop in this area. The study was implemented through a combination of two data collection methods – a mass survey and a focus group. The sample consisted of students from various higher educational institutions of the city of Barnaul (n=212). The sample is based on a system of cluster selection of respondents. The prevailing part of the student youth believes that the assessment of the attractiveness of the city of Barnaul is above average, due to its high geographical attractiveness, combining the advantages of forest-steppe and foothill zones. Social, tourism and innovation components have medium attractiveness, while economic attractiveness is low due to limited career opportunities. However, with efforts at the regional level, it is possible to increase the attractiveness of the city and prevent migration outflow. The overall assessment of the attractiveness of the city of Barnaul is at an above average level. This assessment is predetermined by the fact that there is a high degree of attractiveness within the geographical component. Barnaul combines all the advantages of the forest-steppe zone and the foothill zone, and the combination of these zones makes it possible to offset the disadvantages of aridity as the main criterion of the forest-steppe zone, as well as sharp temperature drops and recurrent frosts.

Keywords: modern society, social monitoring, public opinion, university, social conditions, sociological research, higher education, student youth, city, attractiveness

Abstract: The object of this study is the process of marginalization. The subject is the marginalization of urban space. The aim of the paper is to actualize and clarify the essence of the process of urban space marginalization, as well as to identify the features of urban space marginalization using the example of Khabarovsk. The article employs methods of scientific-theoretical analysis, generalization, and systematization of domestic and foreign research on marginalization problems, as well as empirical methods such as surveys, expert interviews, and the method of vernacular zoning. The theoretical part of the article demonstrates a multitude of different approaches to defining marginality and marginalization, on the one hand, and the lack of stable definitions of these concepts, on the other. This is primarily explained by the lack of a comprehensive approach to the study of the marginalization process. To provide a more complete definition of the process of urban space marginalization, the article applies an algorithm: causes – essence – implementation – consequences. The practical significance of studying the marginalization of urban spaces is determined by the need to control marginal areas in terms of the spread of various social deviations, as well as the need to forecast marginalization trends. Based on empirical studies of urban space (using the example of Khabarovsk), the study of public and expert opinions, and the use of the method of vernacular zoning, the overall "well-being" of different vernacular districts of the city was determined, the level of income of city residents living in these districts was assessed, the correlation between the determination of the level of "well-being" and the crime rate of the district was revealed, as well as the features of the stigmatization of urban spaces, which is an integral part of the process of marginalization.

Keywords: Welfare, Criminogenicity, territorial stigmatization, expert interview, urban space, stigmatization, vernacular areas, survey, marginality, marginalization

Abstract: The article presents some results of a questionnaire survey conducted by the staff of the Southern Federal University with the participation of colleagues from other educational and scientific centers in November-December 2023 on an all-Russian representative sample (N=1600). The aim of the study was to clarify, refine and test the author's methodology for analyzing the ideological models of public consciousness of modern Russians in the generational and regional dimensions. The object of the study was the processes of formation of worldviews in the consciousness of generations of modern Russia, the subject - the ideological models of Russians in the generational and regional dimensions. The theoretical basis was J. Turner's concept of self-categorization, as well as the principle of "meta-contrast". The basic method for collecting empirical data was a questionnaire survey in eight regions of Russia. Four main age cohorts were identified for the study: 18-24, 25-39, 40-59 and 60+ years. The questionnaire survey was preceded by a series of focus groups in order to identify key characteristics of generational self-categorization. As was established during the study, certain worldview constants are found in the consciousness of Russians that unite all generations both in their self-categorization and in their opposition to other generations, as well as in their cognitive-value preferences. These same constants are also manifested in the opposition of one’s own generation to other – younger and older – generations. At the same time, older generations clearly act as a projection of their own ideas about what is proper: all age cohorts attribute superior qualities to older generations. Such uniformity in the description of older generations also allows us to speak more about cultural constants of worldview models projected onto the image of the older generation than about real generational differences.

Keywords: identity, generational analysis, generations of Russia, ideological concept, ideology, value constants, group consciousness, mass consciousness, worldview model, worldview