Automatic language processing
Reference:
Zhikulina C.P., Kostromina V.V.
Computational creativity of neural network Midjourney in a polymodal space
// Litera.
2024. № 6.
P. 1-16.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.6.70890 EDN: COCFNP URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=70890
Abstract:
This article deals with the polymodal space in the field of computational creativity in neural networks. The object of research is a polymodal environment that integrates a series of heterogeneous codes to express a common idea, and the subject is the possibility of creating polymodal digital art using text and voice prompts in the generative network Midjourney. The aim of the study is to prove that computational creativity can be detected and described based on the results of iterations in the process of creating images, which in turn will allow us to talk about a complex polymodal system as a separate digital category of polymodality. We used the continuous sampling method when collecting linguistic units as they occur in the analysis process; contextual analysis for the systematic identification and description of the verbal and non-verbal contexts. It was necessary to conduct an experiment with the generative network Midjourney to identify patterns in the creation of a graphic space through text and voice data input, and then compare and contrast the results of iterations with the original image. The scientific novelty consists in the lack of research on the polymodal space in the context of neural networks and their generative ability. During the experiment, we obtained the following results: the term ‘polymodality’ in the context of the generative network Midjourney and its ‘digital art’ is due to the presence of three channels: verbal, visual and voice; tests have shown that the ability of the neural network to create images through prompt is at a high level, however, there are rough technical errors that do not allow users to fully approach the desired result when they generate an image; the summarization of the data allows us to talk about the presence of features of computational creativity in generative networks.
Keywords:
Midjourney, neural network, transformational creativity, computational creativity, artificial intelligence, polymodal space, polymodal text, iteration, prompt, summarization
Journalism
Reference:
Hao X., Labush N.S., Wei Y.
Analysis of values reflected in "People's Daily Online" from 2020 to 2022
// Litera.
2024. № 6.
P. 17-27.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.6.70920 EDN: JFPFXC URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=70920
Abstract:
In this study, the object is the official website "People's Daily Online," and the subject is the values represented in the materials published on this site from 2020 to 2022. When examining the values in "People's Daily Online," we identify the following key values from contemporary Chinese values: "patriotism" and "collectivism," which prioritize the interests of the state and the collective; the spirit of "selfless service"; "friendliness" as a combination of "respect, tolerance, accommodation, care, and mutual assistance"; "diligence and frugality" as family values; professional values based on "devotion to work" and aligned with the demands of the times (in this study, we use the term "people pursuing their dreams," proposed by President Xi Jinping, to denote professional values). Ideas that contradict these core values include "selfishness," "malice," "laziness," "greed," etc. The study of values and value conflicts in "People's Daily Online" (2020-2022) involved collecting and classifying materials, identifying keywords using Anaconda, conducting a quantitative analysis of term frequency and co-occurrence, as well as a qualitative analysis of articles to determine their value orientations. The scientific novelty of this study lies in a comprehensive analysis of values reflected in leading Chinese media, using the example of "People's Daily Online" from 2020 to 2022. The research holds significant political and social importance as it contributes to a deeper understanding of the value orientations of the Chinese government and its information dissemination strategies. It reveals the mechanisms through which media shape public opinion and social identity. From an academic perspective, the study enriches media and communication theory, especially in the context of its application outside the North American environment. An international perspective can serve as a guide for other countries, helping them better understand and effectively address the challenges of information dissemination and value competition in the era of globalization. The findings of the study show that "People's Daily Online" actively fulfills the role of a leading media outlet in shaping a favorable ideological atmosphere within a socialist framework.
Keywords:
Collectivism, Patriotism, Social values, Official media, Values, People's Daily Online, Hard work, Selfishness, Cultural dissemination, Mainstream media
Literary criticism
Reference:
Tetenova M.A.
Edgar Allan Poe's journey to Russia: fiction and reality
// Litera.
2024. № 6.
P. 28-36.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.6.70956 EDN: IWRDLK URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=70956
Abstract:
This study highlights the history of E.A. Poe's work on the Russian literary scene, shedding light on the cultural, historical and editorial factors that determined its existence in Russia in the nineteenth century. In analysing the translations, we have resorted to the study of existing studies on the subject, archival materials of the Russian press, literary criticism etc. The aim of the study was to reconstruct the specific context and the specific conditions under which the work of Poe penetrated into Russia, which would also allow us to illustrate the key role of translators in the presentation of Poe on the Russian, French, and world literary scene. The subject of our study was the special conditions that determined the penetration of Poe's work in Russia. The object of the study was the biographies written by different people in different eras, as well as documents that influenced his image. The main method of the study was a comparative analysis of texts that tell about Poe's life and personality. The main result of the research is the reconstruction of the ‘route’, following which Poe's work came to Russia, as well as the identification of all the key persons, without whom Poe's work would have to wait for its time. The article also contributes to our understanding of the historical and cultural context that determined the appearance of Poe on the Russian literary scene, as well as names the most important writers, researchers and translators who paved the way for Poe to come to Russia. Scientific novelty is provided by creating a synthesis of existing studies on this topic in Russian, French and English, which allows to make the most complete three-dimensional picture and chronology of the existence of Poe's work which also provides theoretical significance of the study.
Keywords:
intercultural interaction, biography, Griswold, Sazonov, Charles Baudelaire, Edgar Allan Poe, translation, literary studies, reputation, translation studies
Communication
Reference:
Makarova M.S., Turunov D.M., Smirnova E.D., Osipova A.A., Korti M., CHzhao I., Klimova E.A.
Features of building communication with international students using modern online media
// Litera.
2024. № 6.
P. 37-48.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.6.70632 EDN: IZYPUG URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=70632
Abstract:
This article explores the influence of online media on the process of adaptation of foreign students in educational institutions. The study was carried out in relation to the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia and some other universities of the Russian Federation that actively use international educational and academic exchange. The authors analyze the main barriers students face when transitioning to a new learning environment, such as cultural, linguistic and academic differences. The authors of the article discuss the role of online media in overcoming these barriers, emphasizing their importance in the process of exchanging information, developing communication skills in a foreign language, and creating trusting relationships. The contribution of online media to the integration of different cultures and traditions is considered, which contributes to the formation of cultural understanding, tolerance and respect for the diversity of worldviews in the educational environment. An analysis is made of how students use online resources to obtain additional information, develop relevant skills and deepen their knowledge, as well as an analysis of existing research on the topic of adaptation of foreign students and the role of online media in education. In addition, the article covers the following subtopics. Features of collecting data on the experience of foreign students and their use of online media. Conducting interviews with foreign students, teachers, and university administrations to obtain high-quality information about adaptation problems and the role of perception of Internet resources and their impact on the adaptation process. The novelty of this study lies in the following characteristics of the work performed. Focuses were made on a specific university or region. The specifics of different groups of students were taken into account. The analysis was carried out taking into account how online media is used by students from different countries, with different language levels, different specialties, etc. The influence of specific types of online media was studied: for example, social networks, educational platforms, chatbots, specialized applications for international students. The analysis of the influence of online media was explicit on various aspects of adaptation through such sections as academic performance, psychological well-being, social integration, cultural adaptation and others. The project ends with a presentation of recommendations developed by the authors of the article on the use of online media to increase the effectiveness of adaptation of foreign students in other countries or universities around the world.
Keywords:
cultural integration, inclusive educational environment, globalization, intercultural communication, adaptation, linguistic barriers, international students, social networks, online media, social communication
Linguistics
Reference:
Mukhortova I.I.
Linguistic and extralinguistic specificity of Russian and English texts of ethical codes in the diachronic aspect
// Litera.
2024. № 6.
P. 49-57.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.6.43573 EDN: JAJBBC URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=43573
Abstract:
The subject of the study is linguistic, extralinguistic and linguoculturological features that determine the specifics of English and Russian-language texts of ethical codes of banks in a comparative aspect throughout the XXI century. To analyze the specifics of the texts of ethical codes of banks (based on the material of English and Russian languages), descriptive and comparative methods are used in the article. The methodological basis is determined by a systematic approach based on the principle of consistency of linguistic phenomena, system analysis, as well as descriptive, inductive-deductive and comparative methods. In accordance with the systematic approach, the interrelation of structural, genre-content, linguistic and cultural features of the texts of banking discourse on the material of English and Russian languages is actualized.The scientific novelty consists in a comprehensive study and a systematic description of the structural, genre-content, linguistic features of the texts of ethical codes of leading English-speaking and Russian-speaking banks. For the first time, the analysis of the specifics of the texts of the banking discourse in a comparative aspect was carried out, as well as the specific structural, genre, semantic features of ethical codes as a new artifact of modern textual culture, and their transformation during the XXI century against the background of the realities of reality, namely before the 2020 pandemic and after. Thus, based on the analysis performed, it can be argued that bank texts in both languages, due to the active digitalization of society, are characterized by identical key structural, genre-content and language features. Nevertheless, Russian-language texts have made a huge transformational leap in terms of digital content and can be distinguished by a large spread of semiotically complicated polycode systems and the presence of creolized texts.
Keywords:
creolized texts, ethical codes of banks, language features, genre-content features, structural features, extralinguistic specific features, Linguistic specific features, diachronic aspect, english language texts, russian language texts
Semantics
Reference:
Karakhanian N.J.
The semantic potential of the concept "faith" in Maxim Gorky's novel "Foma Gordeev"
// Litera.
2024. № 6.
P. 58-67.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.6.43566 EDN: JBDZMZ URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=43566
Abstract:
The purpose of the article is to identify the semantic potential of the concept "faith", to show its role in the disclosure of the ideological and philosophical layer of the story, in the system of characters. The subject of the research is the analysis of the functions of the concept "faith" and the ways of its actualization in the first major work of M. Gorky's novella "Thomas Gordeev". The main form of realization of the concept is the monologues of the heroes addressed to the main character in order to inspire their own idea of faith, as well as in his internal monologues and dialogues with opponents.The prospects for the study of the concept of "faith" are connected with the analysis of its functions in other genre forms created by the writer, which allows us to trace the evolution of the artist's worldview. The scientific novelty lies in the proof of the position that the concept of "faith" in the plot of the story expands the peripheral spectrum of meanings revealed in the process of educational monologues of characters addressed to the main character, his internal monologues and dialogues with opponents. The expansion of the peripheral zone of the concept occurs in its speech representation: the use of the concept under consideration by the actors allows us to judge the character of the hero, the moral atmosphere of the era.The result of the study showed that the use of typological, historical and functional methods, conceptual analysis allowed us to determine the associative space of actualization of semantic units characterizing the concept of "faith". The results obtained can be used in the course "History of Russian literature of the XX century", in special courses on Gorky's work.
Keywords:
the associative background, the dialogue, the monologue, the periphery of the concept, the connotation, the system of characters, the concept of the faith, the structure of the narrative, Foma Gordeev, Gorky
Folklore
Reference:
Nemkina N.I.
The multimodality of Chinese folklore images
// Litera.
2024. № 6.
P. 68-78.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.6.70957 EDN: HWLLJK URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=70957
Abstract:
This scientific article examines the phenomenon of multimodality based on the material of Chinese folklore images. The object of the research is the images of fictional characters of Chinese folklore works, and the subject is the analysis of images of Chinese folklore works in their multimodal expression in modern adaptations. The purpose of the study is to show how modern discursive practices, characterized by a high degree of multimodality, affect the development of the concept of the image of a folklore work in the recipient's mind. The tasks that were solved within the framework of this study: 1) description of the phenomenon of multimodality in the context of modern multimedia technologies; 2) analysis of image concepts in mobile game, cartoons and TV show; 3) assessment of the influence of multimodality on the peculiarities of the development of image concepts and their perception in the recipient's mind. The methods used are the continuous sampling method for collecting the analyzed material, as well as methods of semantic, contextual and conceptual analysis. The scientific novelty of the work is due to the fact that for the first time are studied the various images of Chinese folklore works in their modern interpretation. As a result of a comprehensive analysis, the following conclusions were drawn: multimodality affects the degree of perception of an image in the recipient's mind in different ways, on the one hand, it leads to a simplification of the understanding of meanings, on the other hand, to a complication of systems for creating these meanings. One of the manifestations of this complication is the existence of a high degree of intertextuality, which can undermine perception of fictional characters, lead to the false assumption of some characters for others. The desire to get closer to the preferences of the modern viewer leads both to a slight difference in the basic features of the concepts, and to their complete opposite, which also affects the process of perception of the image. Nevertheless, despite the significant degree of adaptation of images that cause different user assessments, the social and cultural-historical processes of a dynamically changing world require compliance with the conditions of functioning of modern discursive practices.
Keywords:
image perception, multimedia, degree of transformation, fictional hero, Chinese folklore images, adaptation, conceptual core, concept, multimodality, discourse
Linguistics
Reference:
Lekomtseva I.A., Vyunova E.K., Abdulmanova A.K.
Recurrent grammatical errors in student Russian-to-English consecutive interpreting
// Litera.
2024. № 6.
P. 79-90.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.6.43475 EDN: GSYPRE URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=43475
Abstract:
Interpreting student errors have little been accorded full-scale treatment. The objective of the article is, then, to provide a classification of and explain some of the most recurrent grammatical errors made by students in Russian-to-English consecutive interpreting. Our findings suggest that all grammatical errors in student consecutive interpreting fall into four groups: errors in the use of articles; errors in the use of tenses; errors in the use of voice; and errors in the use of number. Among the key sources of grammatical errors in consecutive interpreting are inadequate linguistic competence and performance, i.e. tendency to transfer grammatical patterns specific to a native language into a foreign language, unpredictable syntax, quick speech motor actions; and psychological and cognitive factors, i.e. principles of analogy, severe time constraints. Error analysis in student consecutive interpreting can make a positive contribution into the practice of training interpreters as it reveals the problem triggers. Additionally, inquiries in error analysis can make valuable contributions in a linguistic typology of interpreting errors in typologically and structurally different languages, i.e. language-specific and language-pair specific errors.
Keywords:
teaching consecutive interpreting, grammatical aspect, developing a skill of interpreting, erratology, typology of grammatical errors, consecutive interpreting, sources of errors, theory of interpreting, error analysis, interpreting errors
Literary criticism
Reference:
Albulanee A.H.
The Phenomenon of “the Other" in the context of the American Dream in American Proletarian Literature and Left-Wing Political Discourse of the 1920s and 30s
// Litera.
2024. № 6.
P. 91-107.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.6.70047 EDN: GTLQDV URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=70047
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Abstract:
The global crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic generated serious social upheavals, intensified the politicization of the literary process and awakens literary discourse, highlighting the “enduring reality" of national identity and social class. The proletarian literature of the USA of the 1920s and 30s and the left-wing political discourse of this period echoing it are a vivid example of understanding these issues in American society and in the life of the common man. This article aims to analyze and summarize the most fundamental aspects of American proletarian literature, as a phenomenon of the 1920s and 30s, and left-wing political discourse, shedding light on the relationship between two phenomena directly related to American identity – the "Other" and the "American Dream". The themes of identity and otherness in American history and literature of this period were critically analyzed using the example of historical documents, literary texts and theoretical studies. The novelty of the study lies in its synthesizing nature; the important aspects and patterns have been identified that combine a body of sources of various scales on the topic of the American Dream and the concept of the Other, relating to individuals or groups who are excluded from the idealized vision of success due to the existence of systemic obstacles to access to the same opportunities and results that the mainstream or dominant culture possesses. The results of the study open the way for further literary studies of the broader socio-political contexts that shaped the production and perception of proletarian literature, and their significance for the modern understanding of American society and the social challenges that it faces.
Keywords:
Alienation, Mainstream, the Other, Identity, American Dream, Political Discourse, American Novel, Proletarian Literature, Comparative Research, Marginalization
Literary criticism
Reference:
Fang X.
Features of the manifestation of the carnival principle in N.V. Gogol's novella "Nevsky Prospekt"
// Litera.
2024. № 6.
P. 108-117.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.6.70966 EDN: GXCZKY URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=70966
Abstract:
This article is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of carnivalization in N.V. Gogol's novella "Nevsky Prospekt". The paper analyzes the key manifestations of carnivalization in the story, such as the creation of a game atmosphere, blurring the boundaries between the real and the fantastic, the metamorphoses of the characters, the use of the grotesque and the combination of the comic with the tragic. Special attention is paid to the image of Nevsky Prospekt as a carnivalized space where various social strata, masks and roles are mixed. The article also examines the parallel storylines of Lieutenant Pirogov and the artist Piskarev. The study demonstrates how Gogol masterfully uses elements of carnivalization to create a multifaceted and ambivalent picture of life in which the high and the low, the tragic and the comic combine and interact with each other. Along with general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis and generalization, descriptive and comparative methods are used in the work. The scientific novelty of this work lies in the consideration of the death scene of the protagonist of the story by the artist Piskarev, in the aspect of the theory of carnival. According to the results of the study, it was found that in the story "Nevsky Prospekt" the key features of carnivalization are vividly manifested: the creation of a playful, festive atmosphere in a specific space of Nevsky Prospekt; the erasure of hierarchical and social differences between the characters; the intertwining of the illusory and real worlds; the use of grotesque images and the combination of the ridiculous with the tragic. Special attention is paid to the analysis of Piskarev's suicide scene, which is considered as the culmination of a carnival action, where the tragic event acquires an ambivalent character and becomes a kind of symbol of the collapse of the romantic illusions of the hero. Carnival imagery allows Gogol to convey his own vision of St. Petersburg as a city of contrasts, where the high borders on the low, and beauty turns into vulgarity. Thus, the study makes a significant contribution to understanding the role of carnivalization in the artistic world of the story "Nevsky Prospekt" and expands the understanding of the creative method of N.V. Gogol.
Keywords:
ambivalence, metamorphosis, laughter, image, carnivalization, Gogol, Nevsky Prospekt, carnival grotesque, comic, tragic
Literary criticism
Reference:
Wang F., Galai K.N.
The study of female images in modern Chinese literary works
// Litera.
2024. № 6.
P. 118-128.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.6.70534 EDN: MPCFDC URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=70534
Abstract:
This article is a study of female images in modern Chinese literary works. The author analyzes the evolution of representations of women in modern Chinese literature and their important role in the democratization of society. Through an examination of the works of authors such as Lu Xun, Lao She, Chen Zhongshi, Yu Hua and others, the article reveals diverse aspects of women's experiences, including social injustice, discrimination and exploitation. In addition, the author highlights the influence of literature in shaping public opinion about the role and rights of women, and discusses possible paths towards creating a more equal and inclusive society in the future. The subjects of the study are the works of modern Chinese writers and the female images of these literary works. The main research materials are the modern Chinese literary works of various genres and movements, including novels, short stories, poems and essays. Research methods – analysis of literary sources on the research topic, comparative analysis, content analysis, interpretation of texts, historical method. The purpose of the study is to analyze and evaluate ideas about female characters in modern Chinese literary works, taking into account their influence on the processes of democratization of society. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the fact that it represents an initial research look at female images in modern Chinese literature and their influence on the processes of democratization of society. The work is based on the analysis of contemporary literary works and includes the study of various aspects of women's experience in the context of Chinese culture and society. As a result of the study, new trends and patterns in the representation of female characters will be identified, as well as new approaches to understanding and solving the problems of gender inequality and social discrimination in Chinese society will be formulated.
Keywords:
Political changes, Women's emancipation, Social justice, Literary analysis, Modern Chinese society, Gender inequality, Democratization societies, Chinese literature, Women's images, Inclusive society
Translation
Reference:
Feng W., Perfilieva N.V.
Characteristics of Chinese translation of drug names in advertisements
// Litera.
2024. № 6.
P. 129-139.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.6.70976 EDN: KZYACH URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=70976
Abstract:
In recent years, due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, cooperation among countries in the medical field has become increasingly important. Cooperation continues to develop, and more and more foreign products are appearing in the pharmaceutical market. This has led to an increasing interest in changing drug names to another language, especially Chinese. This article analyzes four methods for translating traditional Chinese medicine terminology in advertising: phonetic method, semantic method, hybrid method, and semantic method, while considering the particularity of traditional Chinese medicine. The research object is the particularity of translating foreign medical terms into Chinese. This article aims to analyze the methods of translating medical terminology into Chinese. In addition, a new translation method - a semantic approach with the particularity of traditional Chinese medicine - has been proposed. The research materials include medical terms and their Chinese translations. This article provides an example of a method for translating medical terminology into Chinese and proposes a new method for translating medical terminology - a semantic approach that takes into account the unique characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine.People have found that names translated using phonetic methods are usually associated with Latin words. When using semantic methods, select these hieroglyphs to indicate the exact action of the drug. The use of hybrid methods to translate drug names not only preserves the sound of the original language, but also includes information about the usefulness of the product. When translating into Chinese, English words with traditional Chinese medicine characteristics are usually added. When translating European drug names, considering the particularity of traditional Chinese medicine, the reality of Chinese language and culture is often added to make the operation of drugs easier for consumers to understand. Translation is usually supported through visualization, which refers to Chinese idioms and traditional cultural images.
Keywords:
Drug name, hybrid methods, semantic methods, phonetic methods, medical terminology, traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese, medical advertisements, translation methods, Translation details
Professional language
Reference:
Al- Anbagi S., Shaklein V.M.
Specifics of syntactic structures of Russian business writing (compared with Arabic)
// Litera.
2024. № 6.
P. 140-148.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.6.71034 EDN: KQROWG URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=71034
Abstract:
The object of the study is the syntactic features of modern Russian and Arabic business correspondence; the subject is the specific features of the syntax of modern Russian business documents, which become more obvious in comparison with Arabic business writing. The scientific novelty of the study lies in identifying the features characteristic of Russian business writing at the present stage of its development, and comparing these features with the features of Arabic business letters. Also a certain novelty is the connection made by the author between the history and culture of Russian and Arab official business correspondance styles and the transformations that they are actively occurring. One of the author’s tasks was to find out why new features of business correspondence, spreading under the influence of globalization, manifest themselves differently in different languages. The study was carried out on the basis of structural-semantic, comparative and functional approaches using methods of component analysis of the text of letters, interpretation of their structure and content, observation, description, comparison. Syntactic structure of modern Russian business writing is currently actively developing. The personal nature of a business letter increases, the ways of expressing imperativeness change, the level of emotionality increases, and all of the above is reflected in the types of syntactic structures used. In Arabic business writing, transformations are less pronounced, which is due to the history of its development and the characteristics of Arab culture. In electronic business correspondence, the syntax of Russian and Arabic business letters has similar changes. It is concluded that Russian and Arabic business writing are influenced not only by globalization processes, but also by their original ancient history, as well as Russian and Arabic culture, which determines the differences in the syntactic structure.
Keywords:
email, imperativeness, personal character, Arabic language, Russian language, business correspondence, business letter, official business style, syntax, syntactic constructions
Journalism
Reference:
Kulakova D.V., Oleinikov S.V., Puyu A.S., Gromova L.P.
Axiological foundations of a journalist's professional activity
// Litera.
2024. № 6.
P. 149-157.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.6.71023 EDN: KTJGNV URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=71023
Abstract:
The professional activity of a journalist has a clearly expressed value character, reflecting the ideological and ethical principles of this field. This article analyzes the following values of journalism: 1. The principle of humanity, based on humanistic ideals and responsible attitude towards people. 2. The principle of truthfulness, which implies the accuracy of information transmission and interpretation of facts as a professional duty. 3. The principle of honesty, which assumes not only the prevention of misleading the audience, but also the refusal to harm people. 4. The principle of responsibility, which includes a set of requirements for professionalism, text quality, objectivity and balance. These value orientations represent ideal entities existing in the world of due and target orientations. Being rooted in the philosophical tradition, they streamline and fill the professional activity of journalists with evaluative content, determining its orientation towards serving society and affirming humanistic ideals. The following methods are used in the work: 1. Theoretical analysis of philosophical and scientific literature on the problem of axiological foundations of journalism. 2. A comparative analytical method used in comparing various concepts of values in the philosophical tradition. 3. An interpretive method used for meaningful analysis and evaluative filling of the value principles that form the axiological basis of the professional activity of journalists. Summarizing, we can say that the value system of journalism is characterized by the principles of humanity, truthfulness, honesty and responsibility. These values reflect the ideological and ethical basis of the professional activity of journalists. The analysis allows us to conclude that the values of journalism are ideological and ethical. The key value principles in this professional field are humanity, truthfulness, honesty and responsibility. These values represent the normative guidelines of journalists' consciousness and behavior, which streamline and fill their professional activities with evaluative content. Rooted in the philosophical tradition, they are interpreted as ideal entities existing in a world of due and purpose. Thus, the axiological basis of journalism determines its orientation towards truth, service to society and affirmation of humanistic ideals. This value system sets the ethical vector of media communications, making journalism a socially responsible profession.
Keywords:
ethics, mass media space, axiological analysis, professional activity, principles, axiology of mass media, journalism, ontology of journalism, value content, information
Character in literature
Reference:
Liu Y.
Female images in A.P. Platonov's fairy tales
// Litera.
2024. № 6.
P. 158-168.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.6.71037 EDN: JWETQN URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=71037
Abstract:
This article examines female images based on the material of A.P. Platonov's fairy tales. The purpose of the study is to expand the understanding of the author's literary heritage, as well as to show important aspects of human nature, human relations and the role of women in history and culture. The tasks that were solved within the framework of this study: 1) to analyze the role of women in Platonov's fairy tales; 2) to study the image of women through the prism of the socio-cultural context; 3) to identify the types of fairy-tale heroines found in the works of A.P. Platonov. The heroines of fairy tales are represented by such female images as the "heroine-savior" or "warrior woman", "evil stepmother", "good fairy" or "sorceress", wise "old lady". The methods used are literary analysis, typological analysis, cultural approach, structural method and others. The scientific novelty of the work is due to the fact that for the first time the material of analysis is female images in A.P. Platonov's fairy tales. As a result of a comprehensive analysis, the following conclusions were made: the study of female images in Andrei Platonov's fairy tales allows us to see a variety of typological images of women, socio-cultural features inherent in his works, features of domestic life, motherhood and other aspects related to women. Studying these aspects helps to broaden the reader's horizons. The heroines also serve as a critique of social norms and values, to identify problems of inequality, discrimination or injustice. Studying these images helps to understand the difficulties and challenges faced by women, their role and position in society, their rights, responsibilities and limitations. The author uses female images as symbols or metaphors to convey certain ideas or concepts, they help to expand the understanding of the text and discover hidden meanings.
Keywords:
iction, reality, metaphors, symbols, hero, gender roles, sociocultural features, feminine power, female images, fairy tale
Linguistics
Reference:
LUO D.
Values in the protocol genre in the official business substyle of the religious functional style
// Litera.
2024. № 6.
P. 169-177.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.6.70894 EDN: JSKZSP URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=70894
Abstract:
The subject of the study is the specificity of values in the official business protocols used in the religious documents. The object of the study is the protocols of the religious style. The author examines in detail such aspects of the topic as the category and compositions that form the valuable potential of the protocol genre in the religious sphere, focuses on key axiologems reflecting traditional religious attitudes. Special attention is paid to the category of composition of the protocol genre, which reflects the development of the topic and, accordingly, assessments in a religious functional style. The composition of the protocol in the religious style almost completely coincides with the explication of the composition in the secular version of the official business style and includes the following parts: a statement, or substantive (listened to), in which the topic is stated, and a final, or certifying (decided). The difference between the compositional structure of the protocol genre in the official business substyle of the religious functional style consists in the presence of a variable stating part of the judgment. The research is carried out using the categorical-textual method developed at the Ural Scientific School of Linguoculturology and Stylistics. The textual categories of composition and evaluation are explicated in the studied texts in a certain specific way, which makes it possible to attribute these texts to the genre of protocol. The main conclusions of the study are that the protocol genre reflects axiological religious attitudes in a religious style, including gratitude, respect for life, care for vulnerable groups of the population, the spirit of self-sacrifice, anti-discrimination ideas, mercy, forgiveness, etc., which are concentrated in the compositional stating and final parts of the text. The novelty of this study largely lies in the lack of knowledge of the genre of protocol in the religious functional style. The Church, as a public organization, needs to record information about key events and decisions taken. To this end, the church uses the protocol genre as a tool to ensure the completeness of the stored information. However, there are practically no studies devoted to the genre of protocol, which to a certain extent limits our knowledge of the religious functional style. The present study aims to eliminate this shortcoming and fill the existing gap in the description of the protocol genre in the religious sphere. The study of the protocol genre in the religious sphere on a categorical-textual basis is being carried out for the first time.
Keywords:
Russian Orthodox Church, religious attitudes, categorical-text method, composition, theme, axiologeme, official substyle, religious Style, protocol genre, value
Journalism
Reference:
Passichnik S., Melnik G.S., Blochin I.N., Baichik A.V.
Disinformation and "hate speech" in the online media of Kazakhstan (results of monitoring 2022)
// Litera.
2024. № 6.
P. 178-187.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.6.71046 EDN: MOIMKZ URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=71046
Abstract:
The article examines the problem of using the "language of hostility" and disinformation in the media texts of the Kazakh media, as well as the problem of stuffing fake news during the political events of January 2022 in Kazakhstan. The goals of disinformation are determined and the effects on the mass audience are evaluated. During the tragic events at the beginning of the year, the Internet was turned off in the country, which led to an information vacuum. After the restoration of communication, a stream of fake materials of various formats (audio, video, images and messages on social networks) began, the purpose of which was to incite fears among the population. The platforms WhatsApp, YouTube, Telegram and VKontakte were investigated. Case analysis of texts was also used as part of the analysis. The materials were selected by random sampling. Various criteria were taken into account for the selection of publications, including attendance, the toxicity of comments, the number of articles and posts in online publications and social networks, as well as genres of materials and the presence of elements of hate speech. The purpose of this study is to comprehensively analyze the destructive consequences of disinformation recorded in the Kazakh and Russian media during the attempt to forcibly seize power in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The following methods were used: critical analysis of scientific literature, media monitoring, discourse analysis, and the method of comparative analysis. Case analysis of texts was also used. In 2022, Kazakhstan faced new geopolitical and information challenges: armed border conflicts, disinformation and "hate speech". All these risks have led to an even greater polarization of Kazakh society, socio-political tension and a decrease in the level of trust in the official media. The key factor in changing the situation may be increasing the information literacy of the population and its promotion through cooperation with civil society institutions, the implementation of universal media education programs. Given the volume of data and the amount of information processed, it is difficult to fit the whole situation and analyze how the discourse of "hate speech" and disinformation was built. The repeatedly disseminated unreliable and contradictory information significantly increased the tension of the network media field, contributing to a greater polarization of opinions about the extraordinary event and the aggression of participants in the information exchange.
Keywords:
information space, media, Kazakhstan, terrorists, unrest, fake news, disinformation, hate speech, journalism, international journalism
Linguoculturology
Reference:
Spalek O.N.
Linguistic and cultural images of Moscow and Warsaw in Russian and Polish language parodies
// Litera.
2024. № 6.
P. 188-198.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.6.71056 EDN: LQFFRQ URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=71056
Abstract:
The subject of this study is the parodies of the Russian and Polish languages, containing ideas about Moscow and Warsaw. The material was proverbs and sayings recorded in the dictionary of V.I. Dahl "Proverbs of the Russian people" and the collection of Y. Krzyzanowski "Nowa księga przysłów i wyrażeń przysłowiowych polskich". The Paremiological Foundation plays a special role in preserving the cultural memory of the linguistic community, expresses the most important and stable stereotypes of national consciousness. At the same time, the ideas verbalized in the parodies can have both a universal, timeless character, and fix the features of the socio-historical context, the material and spiritual culture of society in a certain epoch. In the course of the research, the author identifies, analyzes and compares the components of the linguistic and cultural images of Moscow and Warsaw, verbalized in the parodies of the Polish and Russian languages. In this work, the method of synchronous description was used, as well as methods of semantic and linguistic-cultural analysis. The scientific novelty of this work lies in the multicomponent analysis and comparison of the expression of the image of Moscow and Warsaw in Russian and Polish paremiology. In the course of the study, it was possible to establish the multicomponence of linguistic and cultural images of Moscow and Warsaw. Russian and Polish parodies contain ideas about these cities as the centers of economic, political and cultural life in Russia and Poland. At the same time, the parodies express the traditional attitude towards Moscow and Warsaw as rich, beautiful cities with a high standard of living, developed trade, but at the same time expensive and dangerous. The parodies characterize the residents of Moscow and Warsaw, their habits and mores, and also refer to the role of individual streets and districts in the life of cities. The study also found that the Russian language parodies contain ideas about Moscow as a city associated with important events in the history of Russia, a city with rich architecture and certain relief features. The above-mentioned ideas about Warsaw were not recorded in the Polish language parodies.
Keywords:
comparative linguistics, aphorism, proverb, Russian, Polish, stereotype, linguistic worldview, phraseology, paremiology, linguoculturology
Linguistics
Reference:
Chilingaryan K.P.
The problems of the theory of the reference of signs in modern linguistics
// Litera.
2024. № 6.
P. 199-216.
DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.6.71111 EDN: HCKBAY URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=71111
Abstract:
The subject of the study is the history of the development and current state of the theory of reference, which reflects a variety of approaches and concepts. Some researchers believe that reference is a purely semantic phenomenon, while others emphasize the importance of context and pragmatics for understanding referentiality. The issue of the influence of cultural and social factors on reference in various languages is also being actively investigated. The history of the development of the theory of reference began with the works of Gottlob Frege and Bertrand Russell at the beginning of the 20th century. Frege introduced the concept of semantic reference, arguing that every word has its own referent in the world. Russell developed this idea by proposing a theory of descriptions, according to which words indicate objects by describing their characteristics. The works of Ludwig Wittgenstein and Donald Davidson played an important role in the further development of the theory of reference. Wittgenstein proposed the concept of language games, arguing that reference depends on the context and use of a word in a certain situation. Davidson developed the theory of truth, according to which reference is determined through the connection between language and the world. The pragmatic and cognitive aspects of research methodology are important for the successful conduct of scientific research. The referential nature of signs plays a key role in this process, ensuring effective presentation and communication of research results. The scientific novelty of the research lies in a comprehensive examination of the classical works of philosophers, semiotics and linguists, including Plato, Aristotle, Charles Pierce, Ferdinand de Saussure and Umberto Eco, on the theory of reference. One of the key concepts in the study of sign systems is referential. Referentiality allows to associate words with specific objects and understand their meaning. One of the most relevant areas of research in the field of reference is the study of ways in which linguistic units interact with the context and situation of communication. This allows for a deeper understanding of the processes of notation and interpretation in language, as well as the development of new theoretical models explaining these processes. Thus, scientific novelty in the study of the referentiality of signs continues to be relevant and important for the development of linguistics and related disciplines. The author's contribution in this area may lead to new discoveries and understanding of the mechanisms of linguistic communication.
Keywords:
symbol, conventionalism, iconism, referentiality, sign relations, natural signs, prototypical words, conventional signs, indexicality of signs, interpretant