Shmakov, E. V. Physical Rehabilitation of Young Sportsmen with the Low Degree Myopia

Abstract: Adequate physical exercises and physical rehabilitation hold a prominent place in a set of measures aimed at preventing near-sightedness and progressive myopia. Physical exercises make a body healthier and activate functions of a body. Special physical exercises also have a favorable influence on indicators of physical fitness and results of action tests as well as formation of ocular refraction of children. The purpose of the present article is to evaluate the influence of the physical rehabilitation program on the indicators of physical fitness and results of action tests performed by young sportsmen with the low degree myopia. In order to define the level of physical fitness, the researcher used muscular endurance tests set forth by the regulatory and procedural guidelines of All-Russia Scientific Research Institute of Physical Education. To describe the physical condition of young sportsmen, the researcher has used the following tests: 30-meter distance running, shuttle running 3õ30, bows front from the sitting position, throwing a 3 kg stuffed ball from behind the neck, 6-minute running and a number of sit-ups per 30 seconds. 140 children aged from 8 to 15 years with the low degree myopia and accommodation spasms participated in the research. The experimental group included 110 children who have been diagnosed the low degree myopia in 44 % of all cases and the accommodation spasm in 56 % of all cases. The control group consisted of 30 children who have been diagnosed the low degree myopia in 46 % of all cases and the accommodation spasm in 54 % of all cases. The series of exercises was added to the general training. Children from the experimental group did exercises aimed at training strength and muscular endurance or other carriage exercises as well as adapted games or rhythmic gymnastics. By analyzing the dynamics of the indicators of physical fitness and results of action tests performed by the children with the low degree myopia, it can be assumed that the program had a positive influence on their health, in particular, increased functional capabilities of respiratory and circulatory organs as well as raised capacities for self-adaptation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.

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