Abstract: This article is dedicated to the research of the criminal legislative regulation of the countermeasures against the illegal export or transfer of controlled substances and technologies out of the Russian Federation as stated in the Article 189 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The author supports the opinion that the main difficulties of implementing the criminal liability for illegal export or transfer of these materials out of the Russian Federation are linked to the special aspects of the subject of criminal infringement and the blanket nature of the criminal legal norms of the Article 189 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. As the result of the conducted research the author comes to the conclusions that carry significance for improving the process of holding criminally responsible those who illegally export or transfer controlled substances or technologies.

Keywords: export control, illegal export, illegal transfer, foreign economic operations, subject of crime, controlled substances, controlled technologies, weapons of mass destruction, contraband, customs control.

Abstract: Due to the problem of survival of mankind and preservation of the biosphere, the subject of this article is the conceptual content of the new strategy of developing a global community enacted by the UN. A stable development is being considered as a global civilizational process that would solve the main socionatural contradiction between the growing demands of humanity and the inability of the biosphere to meet them. This future type of development is being presented as a globally managed systemically-balanced socionatural evolution, which would not damage the environment, and ensure the survival and an indefinitely sustained existence of humanity. The author discusses the conceptual foundations of a stable development, the difference between the modern model of a civilizational process and the society of a stable future, which is aimed at establishing a noosphere (a sphere of human thought). The novelty of this research consists in the focus on the need to broaden the explanation of this type of development and spread it into new directions and spheres of human activity.

Keywords: safety, survival of civilization, global processes, global stability, demographical stability, national security, priorities of a stable development, socionatural contradiction, environmental safety.

Abstract: The subject of research in this article is the questions that arise with regards to the extradition of individuals. It is worth mentioning that the legal nature of the institution of extradition is not fully clear, including the mechanism of transferring the person; i. e. how exactly is the person handed over by one government to the other and what legal instruments are used in the process; why should the individual be extradited and for what purpose? The author analyzes various points of view of scholars and practical examples, including the infamous case of Abdullah Öcalan. A conclusion is drawn that only the institution of extradition is currently capable of solving such task as the fight against criminality on a global scale. There is no better way or means of transferring a criminal that could replace the extradition. Only the extradition ensures the inviolability of the state sovereignty and territorial integrity of a nation, protects human rights, and safeguards the international law with its fundamental principles.

Keywords: extradition, kidnapping, capture, international law, sovereignty, international criminality, fugitive, forceful actions, judgment.

Abstract: The authors make an attempt to analyze the results of a research on the political stability in Russia over the 8 year period using one of the characteristic indexing methods of the Fund for Peace USA and an influential American magazine Foreign Policy — the “Fragile States Index”. As an alternative to such methods the authors offer their own mathematical model of calculating the level of political stability based on the authors’ socioenergetic approach. It is concluded that the politicization of the assessment makes the ratings become just another instrument of a political pressure. From the perspective of the political analysis, the authors’ model gives a more precise evaluation of the existing reality and is also capable of forecasting the progression of the situation, which makes it more effective in a number of particular cases. Therefore, the prognostic nonlinear dynamic models (although they use static data) are more independent and politically neutral instruments in the assessment of the parameters of power and country.

Keywords: socioenergetic approach, Fund for Peace, political stability, nonlinear dynamics, Fragile States Index, rating, assessment, indicator, modeling.

Abstract: This article reviews a number of important problems of modern management of college education: emergence of new educational standards and adaptive teaching techniques; modernization of the institutions of higher education; problems within Unified State Exam; international educational cooperation due to Russia’s integration into the Bologna Process; educational consequences of differentiation of the nation’s citizens; decrease in the popularity of the instrumental value of education; innovations within educational field as a factor of Russian and foreign investing; humanization of education and individualization of education; innovative aspects of educational system; general peculiarities of the interactive methods of education using cloud technologies; forming an individual who is competitive, versatile and in-demand within the society. The following conclusions are made: from the position of cognitive analytical approach the higher education management is not just a sum of its composing factors of management, but something greater — an organized interconnected unity of the subjects of this system; the staff of the higher education institution is the key cognitive component of the learning environment of a school and a factor of its development. In solving the management problems in a higher education institution the cognitive analytics must be implemented in the course of devising and substantiating management decisions.

Keywords: innovative work, teaching techniques, adaptive technologies, competency-based approach, student, competitiveness, higher education, cognitive analytics.

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the history of development in regulation of renewable energy sources in the EU. In order to utilize the potential of the renewable energy sources it is necessary to create an additional energy market that would be based on this type of energy and contribute to the most effective methods of distributing this energy throughout the European Union by producing the bulk of it in the places that have the highest energy potential; for example producing solar power in the member-states located in the southern part of the EU. This research allows us to come to a conclusion on the general trend of EU toward the development of alternative energy and creation of a unified energy market. Despite the fact that the common energy market will raise many new technical questions, such as management and distribution of energy, the first task will be to set its foundation, i. e. the question of normative regulation that the EU will have to implement in order to achieve the goals of creating a separate market of renewable energy sources.

Keywords: European Union, Green Book, White Book, EU energy strategy, renewable energy, alternative energy, energy policy, energy market, energy potential, European law.

Abstract: This article reviews the issues of countermeasures against extremism in the Russian Federation and overseas, analyzes foreign legislation, characterizes the authorities who exercise preventive measures in this field. The research was conducted based on the example of USA, UK, France, Germany, Italy, and Japan. The analysis of the foreign experience in fighting extremism demonstrates that many countries have already developed skills of countermeasures against such dangerous socio-political phenomenon. The authors attempt to combine this experience with the purpose of using it for further improvements to Russia’s legislation in the area of counteracting extremist activity. The scientific novelty is expressed in the complex approach towards examining the international law in this regard, as well as the opportunities for implementing the constitutional legal norms of foreign countries into the Russian legislation that would be aimed at countering extremist activity. The authors made the following conclusions: a special attention should be paid to the forming of legislation base, which provides main rights of the citizens in a case of intergovernmental crises; special organizations, which acquire information and devise preventative measures should be established.

Keywords: extremism, legal regulations, legislation, preventative measures, foreign experience, countermeasures, law enforcement agencies, cooperation.

Abstract: This article addresses certain issues pertaining to legal regulation and enforcement with regards to the use of land in the interests of defense and national security. As experience shows, this area has a fairly large number of legal problems and conflicts related to the execution of civil and land legislation, which regulates the use of this type of land. Examination of these key problems in the area of legal relations promotes a search for ways to resolve them and as a result, develop and improve the legislation regarding the use of land in the interests of defense and national security. The author comes to the following conclusions: it is necessary to have a government strategy on the further optimal management of defense and security land that is no longer being used as intended; in resolving specific practical tasks within the frame of military reform, it is essential to preserve the proper status of the defense and security land, as well as undertake the steps towards improving the legal regulation of the use of such land.

Keywords: defense land, security land, legal regime, regulation, state registration of rights, military real estate, law enforcement.

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the confrontation between the United States and China within the modern information communication networks. The author examines the current state of China’s security from the perspective of the theory of information warfare. Main mechanisms of the manipulative methods of the psychological operations against China based on inducing within the mentality of an individual the symptoms of a borderline psychopathology are being analyzed. This article studies the tendency of a broad implementation of information technologies within the military facilities that provide cyber security in order to increase their level of combat capability. The author explores the use of information and virtual communication ways to influence the consciousness of citizens as an intrinsic part of modern international processes. The author comes to a conclusion that the United States and China gradually expand their capabilities in waging cyber and information-psychological warfare. These circumstances lead to an inevitable confrontation especially in the Pacific Rim, where China virtually has no adversaries who can compete in military or economic power.

Keywords: manipulations, People’s Liberation Army, National Security Agency, cyber security, USA, China, Internet, information warfare, information technologies, cyber warfare.

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the issue of influence of the modern mass communication upon the youth. The author conducts an experimental research on the changes in the psychophysiological characteristics of individuals under the influence of virtual communication technologies. The purpose of this experiment is the research on the psychophysiological characteristics of 12–13 year old students in order to determine the link between various specters of activity in the computer virtual reality and the psychophysiological profile of the students. This longitudinal study is substantiated by the character of the experiment, conducted over the course of two years with the same students (two classes of 25 and 27 children respectively). The computer laterometry technology allows us to form various amplitude time structures of sound and noise square waves and provides a wide spectrum of strategies of producing a signal and registering the reaction. In the course of this study it became evident that factors such as personal anxiety, emotional tension and excitability of the right hemisphere cause the susceptibility to the influence of the incoming information. Thus the teenagers become receptive to the various types of information, which can lead to a destructive nature of their participation in the political life of the society.

Keywords: methods of mass communication, virtual reality, hemispheric asymmetry, personal anxiety, political consciousness, Internet, consciousness manipulation, informational influence, social networks, protest.

Abstract: The subject of this research are the fundamental key periods of emerging and establishing corruption in Russia during different stages of its historical development. Corruption in Russia always has been and will be one of the leading topics for the scientific analysis. Not belittling the value of already conducted scientific research, we will note that they are unable to fully expose the entire complex of the causality of corruption, and quite often contain debatable interpretations and conclusions, which definitely have impact upon the quality of applied measures in the fight against corruption. Systemic ans structural approaches served as a methodological base for this research. The scientific novelty consists in the author’s attempt of analyzing the main causes that contribute to the rise of misuse of their power by certain government officials throughout the process of development of the Russian Federation. New possible ways of fighting corruption are presented based on this analysis.

Keywords: corruption, bribery, history of corruption, causes of corruption, bureaucracy, criminality, corruption in Russia.

Abstract: The author using the example of the Federative Republic of Germany analyzes methods and ways of fighting corruption that are developed and widely used by entrepreneurs and supported by the government. The signs and definition of corruption formulated as a result of research conducted by the Federal Crime Agency of Germany and the World Bank are being described. Statistical data is being presented on the experience of fighting corruption FRG as well as the evaluation of the current situation in this area of the fight against crime in specific countries by the international non-governmental organizations. The most subject to the influence of corruption industries (construction, purchase of equipment and supplies for police, army, and government authorities) are being characterized based on the information acquired by the German criminologists. The author examines the measures on preventing corruption in the workplace, the rights of the business owner and employees, as well as the ways of screening them for corruption. The principles and content of the German Corporate Governance Codex are being described.

Keywords: Federative Republic of Germany, FRG, corruption, bribe, law infringement, justice, criminal law.

Abstract: The article is dedicated to the issues of countermeasures against extremism in UK. Such concepts as “extremism”, “hate crimes”, “racism”, “and religious intolerance” are being reviewed. The author analyses the criminal law of UK regarding this subject matter, emphasizes problematic questions pertaining to this topic, and draws certain conclusions. The specifics of regulation of responsibility for fomenting racial or religious hatred, as well as crimes aggravated by racial or religious motives are being revealed. The author reviews tendencies of criminal-legal policy in the field of countermeasures against extremism in UK. It can be concluded that the notion “extremism” is not codified within the UK legislation, however it is present within the English criminology and is used by the law enforcement authorities. An attempt to establish criminal responsibility for instigating religious intolerance was made in 2001. Nevertheless, only in 2006 the Parliament of the United Kingdom accepted the law about racial and religious hatred, where for the first time the responsibility for fomenting religious hatred was ascertained. The notion “hate crime” is also not codified by the UK legislation, but the Crown Prosecution Service and Association of Chief Police Officers provided the general definition of a hate crime.

Keywords: United Kingdom, UK legislation, extremism, religious intolerance, racial hatred, hate crime, terrorism, discrimination, ethnic origin.

Abstract:

Keywords: Caspian Sea, Convention, legal status, multilateral treaty, Caspian nations, Russia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, maritime boundaries

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the research on new calls and threats to the international security in Southeast Asia emerged as a result of systemic political destabilization of the situation in Hong Kong (a special administrative region of the People’s Republic of China) in 2014 as a consequence of attempting to foment a color revolution. The author draws the analogies with the development of a political crisis in Ukraine in 2013–2014 and emphasizes a drastically precise conjunction between the two scenarios of the 2014 “revolutions’ in Kiev (Euromaidan) and in Hong Kong (“Yellow Revolution”, which later was named the “Umbrella Revolution”). The methodological foundation of this research consists in the systemic, structural-functional, comparative-political and problematic approaches, methods of analysis, synthesis, observation and modeling. The author comes to a conclusion that the recent events in Ukraine and China, which were labeled as color revolutions, are the outcome of using the same technologies of organizing government overthrow and disassembly of the political regimes.

Keywords: national security, foreign policy, color revolutions, Hong Kong, political instability, conflict, Euromaidan, government overthrow, Ukrainian crisis, China.

Abstract: The subject of this research is the fundamental categories of the conceptual construct of the theory of ensuring national security. Based on a complex systemic analysis of the main regulatory documents related to national security of the Russian Federation the main significant problems have been revealed, characterized and systemized. The results acquired in the course of this research allow coming to a number of conclusions. Firstly, the political legal means of ensuring national security of Russia represent a territorially expansive legal base. Secondly, across its over 20 year history of development the fundamental concepts of the theory of ensuring national security, codified in federal laws and the Russian Federation Presidential Decrees, were never brought to a unified categorical construct. And thirdly, the concepts, terms and categories that are currently being implemented within the regulatory documents are fragmented, significantly differ in their nature and content, and do not fully reflect the essence of the processes that take place within the system of ensuring the national security of the Russian Federation. In conclusion, the author proposes ways of resolving the revealed problems.

Keywords: security, national security, threat, Russian Federation, federal law, national security strategy, categories of national security, Security Council.