Abstract: The goal of this article consists in the analysis of phenomenological characteristics and legal correlation of the definitions “national interests” and “national security”. The author highlights doctrinal and conceptual peculiarities of consolidation of national interests in the modern Russian legal system, determines the priorities of establishment of the system of national interests, as well as proposes optimal means for formation of the system of national interests through the integrated model that ensures adequate inclusion of the objectively nationwide interests, creation of mechanisms of their protection and implementation. The efficiency of international legal mechanism of ensuring national interests in Russia on the regional and global scale is being analyzed and assessed. The priorities of international legal cooperation in the context of ensuring national security and protection of national interests are determined. The scientific novelty lies in the statement that sequential analysis of the problems, which emerge in terms of building the system of national security and in the sphere of fulfilling national interests, may significantly affect the theoretical-substantive  and technical-legal aspects of the regulatory-protective activity, establish a closer correlation between the fundamental elements of Russian legal system, including elements of the mechanism of ensuring national security.