Abstract: The subject of this article is the analysis of specificity of interethnic relationships in polyethnic region in the Russian Federation. The author gives definition to the concept of “interethnic relationships”, indicates its main forms, types and levels; as well as turns attention to the problem of interethnic conflict and lists the factors of its development. The article considers the policy of the Russian Federation aimed at prevention and avoidance of interethnic conflicts in the modern multinational society, as well as at overall development and strengthening of interethnic relations that play an important role in establishing a harmonious civil society. The relevance of studying the peculiarities of manifestation of interethnic relationships in the country and its regions is reflected. The work presents the characteristics of Altai Krai as a multinational region. The key research method is the questionnaire-based survey of population of Altai Krai conducted for three years (2016, 2017, and 2018). The interethnic relationships in Altai Krai as a polyethnic region are characterizes as stable, favorable, with a low level of intolerance. The author determines the three factors influencing the current situation in the area of interethnic cooperation: institutional, psychological and integrative. The presented conclusions may be valuable for the researchers dealing with the questions of interethnic cooperation, as well as the governing bodies engaged in implementation of the state ethnic policy.

Abstract: The subject of this research is the analysis of peculiarities of the Russian language as an important element of interethnic relationships in polyethnic modern society. The article examines such terms as “language” and “native language”, determines the main theories of origin of the language, as well as the specificities of sociological study of bilingualism. The authors underline the relevance of studying the Russian language along with the attention of our multiethnic country to the problems of its preservation and development; as well as note certain specificities of the language policy of the Russian Federation and its major objectives. The questionnaire survey of the population, conducted in 2016 in the thirty one region of the Russian Federation, became the key method of this sociological research. The article provides the comparative analysis of indicators of the literacy of population of different age groups in the national, monoethnic, and polyethnic regions of Russia. The authors list the characteristic features of the Russian language, and major issues regarding functioning. The conclusions may be valuable for the researchers dealing with the questions of interethnic relationships, and the Russian languages as its basis.