Abstract: This article conducts a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon of global terrorism threats, as well as provides scientific definition of its key elements that pose challenges to the modern systems of state and national security. The goal of this research is to examine the various aspects of manifestations of terrorism as a threat to international security, and discuss ways of countering terrorism. Relying on numerous empirical research, the author employs innovative approaches towards formulating the definitions of terrorism as a global phenomenon. The article considers the socioeconomic, regional, historical-legal, and customs aspects of modern international terrorism are considered; as well as provides research provisions on the methods for detecting terrorist threats. The article uses various approaches towards definition of the concept of terrorism, and identifies the problems of terminology. The author touches upon the question of correlation between different types of criminal activity for the organization and execution of terrorist acts; describes the trends of modern terrorism; reveals the essence, prerequisites and objectives of terrorism as a global threat. The empirical part of research is based on the secondary data. The author summarizes the results of sociological surveys; examines the characteristics and evolution of personality of a terrorist; defines the criteria for comparison of the world’s countries by the level of terrorist activity. The average index of terrorist activity for macrogeographic regions and member-states of the Eurasian Economic Union is calculated. Special attention is given to the relevant questions of financing of terrorism, classification of the sources of funds received by the terrorist organizations and allocation of these funds. The article determines the role of customs in counteracting the manifestations of terrorism, and the key measures for observance of the UN resolution. The author substantiates the use of comprehensive approach towards the methods and means of counteracting the manifestations of terrorism; and formulates recommendations on the development of concerted strategies for countering terrorism in the EAEU member-states.

Abstract: This article continues the research on formation of approaches towards solution of pressing issues of the functionality of the countries within integration processes. The research is devoted to the global threats in the global economy, protection of the environment, and realization of state environmental policy of the BRICS member states on the examples of Brazil and India. The goal of this work is to determine the environmental risks specific to these countries, characterize legislative acts regulating the use of natural resources, and determine efficient directions and measures of environmental policy. The scientific novelty of this research consists in the fact that consideration and generalization of state-specific experience in the sphere of environmental protection will allow devising a single universal mechanism for ensuring environmental safety within BRICS. It is proved that presence of environmental risks is associated with the intensive production and irrational use of natural resources. Application of new enrichment technologies, transition towards renewable energy sources, preservation of biodiversity and reduction of impact of urbanization are prioritized in the states’ activity. Quality standards, environmental monitoring, zoning limitations for commercial activity, and creation of the system of information influence are highlighted as the most efficient instruments of environmental policy.