Abstract: The subject of this research is history of the study of Russian population of Bashkortostan in the XX century. The object is the set of major publications over the period of 1920’s until the present time. The author analyzes the publications of ethnodemography, literary studies, linguistics, and ethnography that are the key directions for studying the indicated problem over the recent years. The most profound research on the topic were created by the linguists-dialectologists; the rest of the scientific disciplines lag in studying of the topic.  The article is based on the critical analysis of historiography of the problem, considering some common development trends with the historiographical situation in the country. The author is first to introduce a brief overview of the main research on the history and culture of the Russian population of Bashkortostan. Historiography of Russian of the Republic is subjected to critical analysis, with emphasis on the positive and weak aspects of the works at hand. It is established that the authentically scientific publications on the topic began to appear only over the recent years. The provided in the article material allow understanding which aspects of the topic require further research.

Abstract: The subject of this research is the demographic processes in the Republic of Bashkortostan. The object is the Russian ethnic group residing in the region. Russian is the largest population group of the Republic, dominating in the key branches of economy and affecting the social and cultural processes. The article examines the questions of territorial displacement of the indicated ethnic group. Due to the high level of urbanization of the Russian population, special attention is given to the dynamics in the size of urban community in the region and its correlation with the number of rural residents. Based on the comparative analysis of the census of 1979-2010, the author analyzes the dynamics of territorial displacement of the Russians, change in their number by reference to various regions of the Republic, as well as city and rural areas. A conclusion is made that despite the negative events in the sphere of population increase among other ethnoses, the number of Russians in the Republic continues to rapidly decrease. Such decline was not just natural, but in certain cases identification that is common to the polyethnic regions: because of growth of the national self-consciousness in post-Soviet time, part of the population that previously considered themselves Russians, has “returned” to their “own” ethnic groups. The presented material can be valuable in further research in this area, as well as allows determining the vector of scientific search on this matter.

Abstract: The subject of this research is the examination of the process of interethnic interaction between the Russian and Bashkirian population in Southern Ural for the purpose of its periodization. The history in relationship between Russians and Bashkirs begins during the period of early Middle Ages, which is testified by the language facts and archeological findings, and continues until today. We can observe the peaceful, as well as conflict stages during the course of this process. The period of interethnic conflicts coincided with the time of Russia’s economic assimilation of the Southern Ural, political integration of the region into the composition of the Russian Empire noted by the clash of two diverse in their origin cultures. The author determines the periods of interethnic interaction, as well as interethnic conflicts between Russians and Bashkirs. The work also involves the written sources and field materials, the information of which allowed describing the general picture of the Russian-Bashkir relationship. The scientific novelty consists in highlighting and characterizing of the stages of interethnic interaction from the first contacts of the two ethnoses until their modern status based on the formulated within the Russian science theories. The author concludes that the episodic interethnic collaboration between the Russian and local population existed in Southern Ural prior to accession of the region to Russia. Such interaction in its various forms contributed into consolidation of the local pro-ethnoses into the full-fledged ethnoses and ethnic groups.