Abstract: The author studies the peculiarities of application of the methods of police activities in modern Russia and the present condition and development dynamics of legal regulation and scientific developments in this sphere. The author considers the issues of methods classifying and defines their content. The paper substantiates the role and importance of general and specific methods and reveals their content. The author formulates the measures of mistakes avoidance and the conclusions about a further progressive improvement of application of methods of police activities aimed at ensuring human and civil rights and freedoms in modern Russia. The research methodology includes general and special scientific methods: dialectical, historical, comparative-legal, sociological, statistical, logical and system-structural analysis. The study is based on generalization and system analysis of scientific works and legal framework. Despite the existence of a large number of works, devoted to these issues, however, the problem hasn’t been studied sufficiently enough. It can be explained by the continuing reforms in general and in the police sphere in particular and by the instability of the current legislation regulating the mentioned spheres. These and other reasons condition the topicality and practical importance of the study and the necessity to study the peculiarities of application of methods of police activities aimed at ensuring human and civil rights and freedoms in modern Russia in order to improve its effectiveness, and explain the need for scientific and practical recommendations.