Abstract:  
Usurpation by medicine and desacralization of the traditional family functions is defined by modern sociology as “medicalization”. Birthing, sex, and death – the intimate and emotionally important natural life phenomena – became “alienated” from their meanings, transforming into the simulacrums of modern life, which turned out to be one of the factors of crisis of the family institution. In this work, the peculiarities of the reproductive behavior of families who have a child that suffers from disease with high mortality threat, are being interpreted in conjunction with families’ discovery of new life values and meanings, when death is no longer an abstract concept, but is seen as a realistic boundary of a particular life. The goal of this work is to determine the axiological bases and specificity of the reproductive behavior of families with a child diagnosed with an oncological disease in the state of remission on the modern stage of development of child oncology. This article discusses the hypothesis, according to which under the influence of existential experiences actualized by the personified experiences of suffering and death, the family becomes closer, the emotional connection between the parents and the sick child becomes stronger, which gives the parents realization of the magnitude of the value of children and family relations and defines the peculiarities of reproductive behavior in these families.