Abstract: The research subject is the methods of electronic and bio-detection of explosive and narcotic substances, which are applied by transport services or are being developed in the Russian Federation, and the requirements to drugs, used for detection dogs training. The author describes the examples of specifications of requirements to the production of substances, substituting explosives, the algorithms of production of the equipment for dogs training and the measures for their effective use. The author summarizes the results of a more than a three decades-long work with detection dogs, including the search for narcotic and explosive substances. The author describes the algorithms of preparation of the equipment and the materials for detection dogs training by dog specialists of security services. The scientific novelty consists in the substantiated critical understanding of negative processes, developing in security services and anti-terrorist services during the transition from the use of bio-detection to the electronic means of detection of narcotic and explosive substances and microsamples of these substances for the preparation of dogs for imitating analogs.