Abstract: The subject of the research is the economic relations and functioning mechanism of tax tools in the agricultural sector. The object of the research is the taxation system in the agricultural sector of the Penza Region. Taxation system plays a very important role in the development of all sectors of national economy including agriculture. Special emphasis is made on the possibility of application of tax instruments for supporting innovative investment activity of enterprises. The authors have analyzed the structure of the taxes payable in the region as well as the share of tax payments made by agricultural organizations into the budget of the Penza region and tax payment completeness. The authors have also calculated the tax burden based on several methods which allows to evaluate the level of the tax burden of agricultural organizations. The authors examine such aspects of the topic as improving tax legislation, in particular, creation of the system of tax preferences encouraging formation and rational implementation of external sources of finances of investment and innovation activities by organizations. In the course of their research the authors have used the abstract-logic, monographic, statistical-economic, graphical, mathematical and other methods of economic research. They have defined the value of such tax tool as returnable tax financing. According to the authors, on the one hand, implementation of returnable tax financing will be an additional tax rebate for an investor, and on the other hand, it will contribute to the development of the infrastructure of rural areas which will, in its turn, encourage a successful implementation of federal target programs. 

Abstract: Abstract. The volume of receivables is the most important factor determining the financial health of the organization. They represent an important part of the assets of business entities. Moreover, receivables are an integrated part of the Russian balance sheet of any enterprise due to the current balance sheet structure. The growth of receivables deteriorates the financial situation of enterprises and sometimes leads to bankruptcy. The subject of the work is the management of receivables. The purpose of the study is to identify peculiarities of shaping the monetary policy and to develop recommendations for improving the management of receivables at the investigated enterprise. The study uses the following techniques: monographic research, analysis of the structure and dynamics, expert assessments, survey, economic analysis, statistical and econometric analysis, mathematical method. The study determines the financial stability at the enterprise versus its settlement discipline. Taking into consideration the identified peculiarities, the study suggests applying an approach which implies the evaluation of customer credit limit on the basis of its credit rating. The described approach would provide a comprehensive assessment of the counterparty creditworthiness and reduce the volume of unpaid receivables.

Abstract: The effectiveness of the commercial organization depends on the correct pricing of sold products. The price in the market economy is one of the main factors determining the level of profitability. Therefore, the pricing should be well planned and justified. The subject of study is the process of pricing policy-making based on optimal pricing methods. The objective of the study is identification of pricing policy of the economic entity and development of recommendations to improve the pricing control mechanism at the investigated company. The study uses the following methods: monographic research, structure and dynamics analysis, expert estimates, survey, economic analysis as well as methods of statistical and econometric analysis and mathematical method. The analysis of the current system of pricing has been performed. Based on the identified features, the author recommends to apply the most appropriate methods for calculating the price of a certain type of product made by the investigated company. The study has set minimum and maximum acceptable prices that will allow to assess the possibility of making a profit based on the demand for the product, product quality, product perceived value by the consumer and production costs.