Abstract: The article includes analysis of the modern situation in the criminal legislation of Canada regulating imposition of punishment. The analysis of the norms of the Criminal Code of Canada allows to divide the principles for the imposition of punishment into two groups: 1) basic (fundamental) principle, which is the principle of proportionality of punishment and 2) additional principles. As a results of analysis, the author finds similarities in the sphere of imposition of punishment in Russia and in Canada, as well as some differences. It is established that unlike in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, the Criminal Code of Canada does not provide for a limited list of aggravating circumstances. The article includes analysis of imposition of punishment to legal entities and specific features of criminal record in the Canadian criminal law. The author offers to use this experience in order to achieve fairness in imposition of punishments.

Keywords: jurisprudence, crime, punishment, assigning punishment, Canada, criminal code, sentence, principles, proportionality principle, alleviating circumstances, aggravating circumstances.

Abstract: The current state of juvenile crime in the People’s Republic of China worries the Chinese society. The number of juvenile crimes In China is constantly growing. Their characteristic features are violence and lucrative character. In late years the juvenile crime becomes «younger», and the criminal activities of the younger children are growing. There is also a considerable growth of the group juvenile crime, and the methods of juvenile crime are developing. In order to efficiently prevent juvenile crimes, the complex of measures should be taken, and they should be based upon the provisions of forensic science, social studies, psychology, criminal law as well as criminal law policy of the state.

Keywords: jurisprudence, juvenile crime, complex of prevention measures, legislative regulation, condition, share, typological variety, tendency, dynamics, causes of crime.