Ways of teaching Russian vocabulary to foreign students at the B1+ level.

Shkalikova Alina Sergeevna ORCID: 0009-0004-1972-8015 Teacher, Preparatory Faculty, Institute of Linguistics and Intercultural Communication, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University 123242, Russia, Moscow, Sadovaya-Kudrinskaya str., 3, 1 shkalikova_a_s@staff.sechenov.ru

In the modern world, knowledge of foreign languages is becoming an increasingly important and in-demand skill. Special importance is attached to the level of Russian language proficiency, as Russia plays a significant role in the international arena. Therefore, for international students who have reached the B1+ level, mastering Russian vocabulary is one of the key tasks.

However, teaching Russian as a foreign language has its own peculiarities, so it is necessary to develop effective methods of teaching vocabulary to students. In this article, we will look at some ways (it was decided to talk about methods, not methods, since the method is a more formal approach, and the method is a more individual approach to each student) of teaching Russian vocabulary, which will help foreign students improve their communication skills at a more advanced level.

Russian Russian vocabulary training for international students of the B1+ level is an important part of learning the Russian language. Having a rich vocabulary makes it not only easier to build communication in Russian, but also expands opportunities in the field of work, education and cultural potential.

There are various ways to teach Russian vocabulary that can be effective for students at the B1+ level. But before starting classes, it is necessary to determine the basic principles that will be used in teaching:

1. Practical application. One of the main principles of effective learning is the practical use of new words in context. It will be useful for international students to repeat new words and expressions in various situations so that they become a natural part of their speech.

2. Contextual study. When learning new words, it is important to remember that they do not exist in isolation from the context. Therefore, students should learn to use new words in sentences or even texts in order to understand their meanings and semantic nuances.

3. Active participation of students. The active participation of the student in the learning process is key to the effective memorization of Russian vocabulary. Students should ask questions, have discussions, and put new words into practice to consolidate their knowledge.

4. Variation of training formats. A variety of learning formats contributes to a deeper development of the Russian vocabulary. The use of various techniques (games, role-playing games, reading texts) helps students to memorize new words and expressions more easily.

5. Gradual repetition. Repetition is one of the key factors in successfully memorizing new information. When teaching Russian vocabulary to students of the B1+ level, it is necessary to carry out gradual repetition in order to consolidate the acquired knowledge and expand the vocabulary.

Having defined the basic principles in teaching, let's move on to ways that will help students effectively learn Russian vocabulary and use it in their speech:

1. The use of lexical games in the process of learning Russian vocabulary. The use of lexical games in the process of learning Russian vocabulary is an effective way to develop the vocabulary of foreign students at the B1+ level. "The task of the game is to create an atmosphere in which the student feels comfortable and free, stimulate the interests of the student, develop his desire to speak a foreign language" (Kashina, 2006: 4).

This method helps students not only to memorize new words, but also to learn how to use them in context, which helps to improve communication skills. One of the main advantages of this method is that it makes the learning process more interesting and exciting. Unlike traditional methods, which can be boring and monotonous. Games create an atmosphere of competition and interaction, which contributes to the active work of students. One of the most popular types of lexical game is making associations. Back in the XVIII century, M.V. Lomonosov (a universal man, a man of versatile education and creativity) noticed an extremely interesting pattern: ideas live, and they possess one of the most important properties of life — ideas are able to multiply! "Many people can breed from one simple idea," says the scientist (Lomonosov, 1810: 18).

Here are some examples of associative lexical games:

* Students are asked to name a word or phrase, and then quickly come up with another word or phrase related to the first one. For example, if the word "house" is given, the student can name the word "window" or the phrase "live in a house". This game helps students develop connected thinking and associative memory, as well as anchors new words.

* The game of "20 questions". Students are divided into pairs and choose one word or phrase. Then they ask each other a maximum of 20 questions to guess the chosen word or phrase. This game helps to develop the ability to ask questions and apply the studied vocabulary in speech.

* There is also a special lexical game "Say the word", which can be used to teach Russian vocabulary. Students are asked to name as many words beginning with a certain letter as possible. It helps to improve the skills of searching and memorizing new words.

It is important to note that the game should be an additional element in the process of learning Russian vocabulary. It does not replace traditional language learning - reading texts, watching movies or communicating with native speakers. However, the game can greatly facilitate the memorization process and allow students to work more intensively on expanding their vocabulary.

2. Vocabulary enrichment through reading adapted literary text, discussion and writing. The development of reading and writing skills is one of the important components of teaching foreign students Russian vocabulary at the B1+ level. "According to Yu.M. Lotman, with the help of literary texts, we can teach foreign students to "read texts of another culture in another language" (Ovcharenko, 2010: 83).

* It can be adapted fiction, news, scientific articles and other types of adapted texts. Reading such texts helps students not only to get acquainted with new vocabulary, but also develops understanding of the context and grammatical competence.

* Use of dictionaries and glossaries. Students should actively use dictionaries to find the meanings of words, as well as study glossaries for textbooks or other materials. Regular use of dictionaries will help students to understand the meanings of words and fix them in memory.

* Performing exercises to develop reading and writing skills. Textbooks, workbooks, and online resources offer a variety of exercises to help students train their reading and writing skills. These can be tasks for filling in gaps, writing a resume or essay, translating adapted texts and other types of tasks.

* Communication practice. Regular communication with a native speaker, a teacher, or other students will help students apply the vocabulary they have learned in practice. Discussion of adapted texts, discussions and written communication contribute to the development of reading and writing skills.

3. Using authentic materials to expand your vocabulary.

Using authentic materials to expand vocabulary is one of the most effective ways to teach Russian vocabulary to foreign students at the B1+ level. Authentic materials are original texts, speech recordings, or other sources of information that are used by native speakers in everyday life.

One of the reasons for using authentic materials is that they reflect the actual context of language usage. This helps students understand which words and expressions are actually used by native speakers in different situations. For example, when studying the Travel topic block, it will be useful for students to familiarize themselves with authentic travel texts in order to learn new words and phrases that may be useful when communicating on this topic.

In addition, the use of authentic materials helps students develop the skills of reading and understanding the text in Russian. Students are given the opportunity to read real texts that may contain a variety of vocabulary and grammatical structures. This helps them improve their understanding of the language in general, as well as expand their vocabulary.

However, using authentic materials can be a challenge for B1+ level students. They may encounter unfamiliar words and expressions, which may make it difficult to read or understand the text. To overcome these difficulties, it is important to teach students to use contextual cues to determine the meaning of new words. "An important and necessary link in the emergence of a guess when understanding a text is apperception, which gives the "right to guess" (Bolshakova, 2012: 56). It is also useful to discuss the content of the text with them and ask questions about what they understood from what they read.

It is important to note that the use of authentic materials should be complemented by other options for teaching Russian vocabulary. For example, you can combine work with authentic materials with the study of words in the thematic blocks "travel", "work", "food", etc. This will help students to systematize and consolidate the vocabulary they are learning.

In today's world, knowledge of foreign languages is an important skill, especially for students who seek to study or work abroad. Russian Russian If students have already reached the B1+ level in the Russian language, then they already have good basic skills and can communicate fluently in Russian. However, in order to further develop and improve your knowledge, you need to actively expand your vocabulary.