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Pedagogy and education
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Levin V.I. Michael Lvovich Tsetlin and Development of Cybernetics in the USSR

Abstract: In this article the scientific biography of the outstanding Soviet scientist, engineer and organizer of science, one of the founders of cybernetics Michael L. Tsetlin is considered. The stages of his biography and scientific creativity and the influence on him of the family, relatives, friends and colleagues are identified. The author of the article provides an overview of the main discoveries of Michael L. Tsetlin in science (mathematics, theoretical physics, the theory of control systems, electronic instrumentation, cybernetics, biology and medicine, prosthetics, automation modeling of social, economic and biological systems). The scientific-organizational and pedagogical activity and his influence on the development of Soviet and world science and technology are analyzed. The main qualities of Michael L. Tsetlin as a scientist, a man and a citizen and his great influence on young scientists are described in detail. The basis of this research consists of the published and unpublished memoirs of colleagues of Michael L. Tsetlin, members of his family and friends, as well as memories of the author himself. For the first time in the academic literature the author brings together evaluations of different sides of life and activity of Michael L. Tseltin such as scientific, engineering, organizational, teaching, social activities, etc. Personal expressions of Michael L. Tsetlin are also used. The author of the article shows that Michael L. Tsetlin was one of the founders of cybernetics in the USSR. 

Keywords:

modelling, automation devices, medicine, biology, control systems, scientific biography, Michael Lvovich Tsetlin, science organization, cybernetics, personality of scientist

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References
1. Gel'fand I.M., Tsetlin M.L. Konechnomernye predstavleniya gruppy unimodulyarnykh matrits // Doklady AN SSSR. – 1950 – T. 71. ¹ 5. – S. 825–828.
2. Gel'fand I.M., Tsetlin M.L. Konechnomernye predstavleniya gruppy ortogonal'nykh matrits // Doklady AN SSSR. – 1950. – T. 71. ¹ 5. – S. 1017–1020.
3. Gel'fand I.M., Tsetlin M.L. O velichinakh s anomal'noi chetnost'yu i vozmozhnom ob''yasnenii vyrozhdeniya po chetnosti K-mezonov // Zhurnal eksperimental'noi i teoreticheskoi fiziki. – 1956. – T. 31. Vyp. 6 (12). – S. 1107–1109.
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5. Tsetlin M.L. Issledovaniya po teorii avtomatov i modelirovaniyu biologicheskikh sistem. – M.: Nauka, 1969.
6. Tsetlin M.L. Matrichnyi metod analiza i sinteza elektronno-impul'snykh i releino-kontaktnykh (neprimitivnykh) skhem // Doklady AN SSSR. – 1957. – T. 117. ¹ 6. – S. 979–982.
7. Tsetlin M.L. O kompozitsii i razbieniyakh neprimitivnykh skhem // Doklady AN SSSR. 1958 – T. 118. ¹
8. – S. 488–491. 8. Tsetlin M.L. O neprimitivnykh skhemakh // Problemy kibernetiki. – Vyp. 1. – M.: Fizmatgiz, 1958. – S. 23–45.
9. Kobrinskii A.E., Breido M.G., Gurfinkel' V.S., Sysin A.Ya., Tsetlin M.L., Yakobson Ya.S. Bioelektricheskaya sistema upravleniya // Doklady AN SSSR. – 1957. – T. 117. ¹ 1. – S. 78–80.
10. Gel'fand I.M., Tsetlin M.L. Printsip nelokal'nogo poiska v zadachakh avtomaticheskoi optimizatsii // Doklady AN SSSR. 1961. T. 137. ¹ 2. S. 295–298.
11. Gel'fand I.M., Gurfinkel' V.S., Tsetlin M.L. Nekotorye soobrazheniya o taktikakh postroeniya dvizheniya // Doklady AN SSSR. – 1961. – T. 139. ¹ 5. – S. 1250–1253.
12. Gel'fand I.M., Tsetlin M.L. O nekotorykh sposobakh upravleniya slozhnymi sistemami // Uspekhi matematicheskikh nauk. – 1962. – T. 17. ¹ 1. – S. 3–26.
13. Ivanov V.V. Iz istorii kibernetiki v SSSR. Ocherk zhizni i deyatel'nosti M.L. Tsetlina // Voprosy kibernetiki. Kibernetika i logicheskaya formalizatsiya. Aspekty teorii i metodologii. – M.: 1982. – S. 166–190.
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