Abstract: The object of the study is the novel "Crossroads" by American writer Jonathan Franzen, which became widely known outside the United States and was translated into Russian in 2022. The object of the study is one of the female images of this novel - the image of Becky Hildebrandt, which combines a number of archetypal functions: a daughter in relation to parents Marion and Russ, a sister for brothers Clem and Perry, a bride for the young musician Tanner Evans. In the last chapters of the novel, Becky becomes a mother, thus passing through all the female family archetypal roles. Franzen's creative method, which tends to psychological realism, is focused on the specifics of the inner world of the characters, and it can be argued that the deep psychologism of his works is based on a consistent and systematic understanding of archetypal roles. The study of the heroine's image is carried out from the standpoint of an archetypal approach dating back to the works of C.G. Jung. The archetypal approach opens up to the researcher the opportunity to penetrate deeper into the psychological essence of a literary text. Female images, viewed from the point of view of reflecting archetypal features in them, appear in connection with other characters, and the gender-role specificity of their functioning becomes more visible. In the modern world, where the crisis of traditional values is clearly felt, a better understanding of the importance and complementarity of gender roles makes it possible to form moral supports leading both man and society in the direction of mental well-being. Archetypal analysis reveals one of the basic attitudes of the writer: a modern woman is forced to play several roles at once; the mixing of these roles, their instability inevitably lead to problematic situations in the life of not only the woman herself, but also her entire family.

Keywords: psychological realism, fairy tale, psychologism, creative method, a family novel, Jonatan Franzen, archetypal image, female image, literary image, archetypal analysis

Abstract: The article gives a brief overview of the existing classifications of female archetypal images. The author offers his own classification based on the developments of Tom Chetwind, which, in turn, are based on the works of C.G. Jung and are widely used in domestic and foreign psychoanalysis. The terminology of closely related ties used in the classification reflects the understanding of human ties inherited from the era of the tribal system: all members of the tribe were considered as relatives, united by one or another ties, standing in one or another relation to each other. It is noted that archetypal images can appear in a literary text from both the positive and negative (shadow) sides. The main conclusion reached by the author of the article is the following: the proposed classification seems to be the most appropriate for the purposes of literary analysis, since it describes archetypal images not as a set of static features, but as dynamic relationships within the plot. The novelty of the author's approach is also due to the introduction of the concept of "coordinator's point" (the term of I.N. Kalinauskas), which makes the model developed by the author applicable mainly for analyzing the features of the coexistence of "male" and "female" in a literary text. This approach assumes that the masculine and feminine are complementary, are simultaneously in opposition and interaction and are a condition for each other's existence: the masculine is manifested against the background of the feminine and vice versa.

Keywords: plot, family ties, gender relations, literary image, world literature, classification, archetypal analysis, russian literature, archetype, literary criticism

Abstract:  The article is devoted to the analysis of linguistic means that are used to develop the image of Stepan Golovlyov in Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin's novel The Golovlyov Family. This character is certainly the best and the fullest image of trickster in the Russian literature of the XIXth century. The influence of the image of Stepan Golovlyov on the further literary processes is also practically assured. The archetypical image of trickster is one of the oldest myphologemas. By analysing the image of Stepan Golovlyov from the point of view of the mythopoetic approach, Lyashenko provides an insight into the ideological and psychological contents of the novel. The methodological basis of the research implies the concepts offered by M. Lotman, E. Meletinsky, S. Agranovich, and the theory of archetype of Carl Jung. The scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that for the first time in the academic literature the image of Stepan Golovlyov is analyzed on the basis of the mythopoetic approach. The author comes to the conclusion that by using the linguistic means that create the image of trickster, Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin brings the narration to the level of the broadest philosophical generalisations, thus creating an eschatological picture of the life-and-death opposition on the pages of his novel. 

Keywords: Russian literature, trickster, archetype, lexis, mythopoetic approach, literary image, linguistic means, novel, satire, folklore

Abstract: The aim of the research was to define distinctive features and the main stages of the literary development of so-called 'plantation' tradition as well as to analyze John Pendleton's novel 'Swallow Barn, or a Sojourn in the Old Dominion' (1932) which was a momentous event in the pre-war South literature and became an example for many writers of the American South. The subject of the research is the corpus of 'Southern' novels of the 19th - first half of the 20th centuries with a focus on John Pendleton Kennedy's novel 'Swallow Barn'. Using biographial, historical function and textual research methods, the author of the article analyzes how the 'plantation' tradition developed in the literature of the American South in the first half of the 20th century. The author examines genre specifics, the system of images, and interpretation of 'Southern' conflicts in Kennedy's novel. For the first time in the philological literature the novel 'Swallow Barn' is defined as an 'architext' that formed the canon of the 'plantation' tradition, 'Southern' way of thinking and played an important war between American South and North. The 'imaginary world' of John Pendleton Kennedy's presents all necessary elements of the Southern myth that was continued by other Southern writers of the 19th and 20th centuries, from J. Cook to M. Mitchell, W. Faulkner and C. McCullers. 

Keywords: literary canon, architext, Swallow Barn, John Pendleton Kennedy, Southern novel, Literature of the plantation tradition, American Literature, the US literature, novel, Southern tradition

Abstract: The article is devoted to linguistic means that are used to create archetypes in Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin's novel 'The Golovlyov Family'. This novel is expressively recognized as the one with a very deep meaning, however, its psychological contents have never been fully studied. In this research Lyashenko raises a question about the role of archetypes the novel refers to. In particular, the researcher focuses on the mother's image represented by Arina Golovlyova. Analysis of that image from the point of view of the mythopoetic approach allows to better understand the message and ideological content of the novel. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research involves the ideas of Yu. Lotman, E. Meletinsky, and S. Agranovich regarding mythopoetical bases of novels written by different authors. Lyashenko also bases his research on the theory of archetypes introduced by Carl Jung and developed further by Erich Neumann. The scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that for the first time in the academic literature the reseracher views the image of Arina Golovlyova in terms of mythopoetical elements constituting the imag. The researcher concludes that by using linguistic means to create archetypes Saltykov-Shchedrin managed to provide a psychologically ideal image of the Golovlyov family relations. The writer described the Golovlyov mother not as a human being with her own merits and drawbacks but an exclusive figure 'programming' her children's fates. 

Keywords: mythology, realism, linguistic means, literary image, psychologism, lexeme, archetype, folklore, novel, Russian literature

Abstract: The main goal of the article is to study the role and importance of Goffman’s late romanticism for the development of the Russian philosophical language. The author studies works by famous Russian philosophers such as V. S. Soloviev, P. A. Florensky, A. F. Losev and others. The purpose of the article is to show how the metaphors and images of Goffmaniana were used in Russian philosophical works of the 19th – 20th centuries. The method of research is the analysis from the point of view of literary critics and historical philosophy. The results of the study are numerous references to Goffman’s heritage in Russian philosophy. It allows to clarify the idea of connection between literature and philosophy in Russian culture as well as to point out some peculiarities of artistic impressions in Russian philosophy.

Keywords: philology, Russian culture, Russian philosophy, Russian literature, esthetics, Goffmaniana, Goffman, Soloviev, Florensky, Losev.