Abstract: Right after Section V.1 of the Tax Code came into force, it was viewed as a considerable loosening of tax control over price formation. If read literally, the section sets forth that the control over price formation can be performed only by the Federal Tax Service of Russia and only when major transactions between related parties are involved (so called ‘related-party transactions). However, at the end of 2012 there appeared new interpretations of the legal provisions contained in Section V.1 as offered by the Ministry of Finances of Russia. Those interpretations did not only level down the legal rebates provided for taxpayers, but even put taxpayers into worse conditions compared to when Articles 20 and 40 of the Tax Code were effective. In her research the author of the article uses the method of comparative law analysis. She also analyzes the arguments supporting official interpretations of the provisions of Section V.1 of the Tax Code and concludes that these interpretations do not correspond to the actual law. However, it is the author’s opinion that we should not read the Section V.1 of the Tax Code literally because it would give related parties many chances to avoid paying taxes. Based on the results of her analysis, the author makes suggestions on how to improve the existing legislation and eliminate contradictions between the Tax Code provisions and law enforcement practice.

Keywords: taxes, taxation, Tax Code, transfer prices, tax administration, control over price formation, related-party transactions, related parties, compensating adjustment, pricing agreement.

Contact information: Zolotareva Anna Borisovna, 125993, Russia, Moscow, Gazetny per. 3–5, str. 1

References:
Yu. I. Petrov Poisk Petrom I resheniya fiskal'nykh zadach v 1-y chetverti XVIII veka // Istoricheskiy zhurnal: nauchnye issledovaniya.-2012.-6.-C. 90-98.
Efremova T.A., Efremova L.I. Informatsionno-tekhnologicheskie osnovy modernizatsii nalogovogo administrirovaniya // NB: Finansovoe pravo i upravlenie.-2012.-1.-C. 212-236. DOI: 10.7256/2306-4234.2012.1.361. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/flc/article_361.html
L. S. Kirina Ispol'zovanie imitatsionnogo modelirovaniya v sisteme gosudarstvennogo nalogovogo prognozirovaniya i planirovaniya // Nalogi i nalogooblozhenie.-2012.-1.-C. 4-7.
Vachugov I.V. Povyshenie effektivnosti nalogovogo administrirovaniya kak vazhnyy faktor ogranicheniya tenevoy ekonomiki // Nalogi i nalogooblozhenie.-2013.-10.-C. 782-790. DOI: 10.7256/1812-8688.2013.10.9571.
Pis'mo Minfina Rossii ot 26 dekabrya 2012 g. N 03-02-07/1-316 // Dokument opublikovan ne byl. Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoy sistemy "Konsul'tantPlyus".
Pis'mo FNS Rossii ot 02.11.2012 N ED-4-3/18615 // Dokument opublikovan ne byl. Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoy sistemy "Konsul'tantPlyus".
Efremova T.A. Nalogovoe administrirovanie v Rossii: predposylki stanovleniya i osobennosti funktsionirovaniya // NB: Finansovoe pravo i upravlenie.-2013.-2.-C. 1-23. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/flc/article_622.html
Reshenie Vysshego Arbitrazhnogo Suda Rossiyskoy Federatsii ot 26 fevralya 2013 g. N 16593/12// Dokument opublikovan ne byl. Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoy sistemy "Konsul'tantPlyus".
Reshenie Vysshego Arbitrazhnogo Suda Rossiyskoy Federatsii ot 28 iyunya 2012 g. N VAS-4569/12// Dokument opublikovan ne byl. Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoy sistemy "Konsul'tantPlyus".
Pis'mo Minfina Rossii ot 18 oktyabrya 2012 g. N 03-01-18/8-145// Dokument opublikovan ne byl. Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoy sistemy "Konsul'tantPlyus".
Opredelenie Vysshego Arbitrazhnogo Suda Rossiyskoy Federatsii ot 9 oktyabrya 2007 g. N 12375/07 // Dokument opublikovan ne byl. Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoy sistemy "Konsul'tantPlyus".
Opredelenie Vysshego Arbitrazhnogo Suda Rossiyskoy Federatsii ot 28 fevralya 2011 g. N VAS-1615/11 // Dokument opublikovan ne byl. Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoy sistemy "Konsul'tantPlyus".
Opredelenie Vysshego Arbitrazhnogo Suda Rossiyskoy Federatsii ot 29 iyunya 2007 g. N 7526/07 // Dokument opublikovan ne byl. Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoy sistemy "Konsul'tantPlyus".
Postanovlenie Plenuma VAS RF ot 12 oktyabrya 2006 g. N 53 «Ob otsenke arbitrazhnymi sudami obosnovannosti polucheniya nalogoplatel'shchikom nalogovoy vygody» // Vestnik VAS RF, N 12, dekabr', 2006
"Nalogovyy kodeks Rossiyskoy Federatsii (chast' pervaya)" ot 31.07.1998 N 146-FZ": prinyat Gos. Dumoy Fe-der. Sobr. Ros. Federatsii 16 iyulya 1998 g.: odobr. Sovetom Federatsii Feder. Sobr. Ros. Federatsii 17 iyulya 1998 g. // "Sobranie zakonodatel'stva RF", N 31, 03.08.1998, st. 3824
Federal'nyy zakon ot 18.07.2011 N 227-FZ "O vnesenii izmeneniy v otdel'nye zakonodatel'nye akty Rossiyskoy Federatsii v svyazi s sovershenstvovaniem printsipov opredeleniya tsen dlya tseley nalogooblozheniya": prinyat Gos. Dumoy Fe-der. Sobr. Ros. Federatsii 8 iyulya 2011 g.: odobr. Sovetom Federatsii Feder. Sobr. Ros. Federatsii 13 iyulya 2011 g. // "Sobranie zakonodatel'stva RF", 25.07.2011, N 30 (ch. 1), st. 4575.

References (transliteration):
Yu. I. Petrov Poisk Petrom I resheniya fiskal'nykh zadach v 1-y chetverti XVIII veka // Istoricheskiy zhurnal: nauchnye issledovaniya.-2012.-6.-C. 90-98.
Efremova T.A., Efremova L.I. Informatsionno-tekhnologicheskie osnovy modernizatsii nalogovogo administrirovaniya // NB: Finansovoe pravo i upravlenie.-2012.-1.-C. 212-236. DOI: 10.7256/2306-4234.2012.1.361. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/flc/article_361.html
L. S. Kirina Ispol'zovanie imitatsionnogo modelirovaniya v sisteme gosudarstvennogo nalogovogo prognozirovaniya i planirovaniya // Nalogi i nalogooblozhenie.-2012.-1.-C. 4-7.
Vachugov I.V. Povyshenie effektivnosti nalogovogo administrirovaniya kak vazhnyy faktor ogranicheniya tenevoy ekonomiki // Nalogi i nalogooblozhenie.-2013.-10.-C. 782-790. DOI: 10.7256/1812-8688.2013.10.9571.
Pis'mo Minfina Rossii ot 26 dekabrya 2012 g. N 03-02-07/1-316 // Dokument opublikovan ne byl. Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoy sistemy "Konsul'tantPlyus".
Pis'mo FNS Rossii ot 02.11.2012 N ED-4-3/18615 // Dokument opublikovan ne byl. Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoy sistemy "Konsul'tantPlyus".
Efremova T.A. Nalogovoe administrirovanie v Rossii: predposylki stanovleniya i osobennosti funktsionirovaniya // NB: Finansovoe pravo i upravlenie.-2013.-2.-C. 1-23. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/flc/article_622.html
Reshenie Vysshego Arbitrazhnogo Suda Rossiyskoy Federatsii ot 26 fevralya 2013 g. N 16593/12// Dokument opublikovan ne byl. Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoy sistemy "Konsul'tantPlyus".
Reshenie Vysshego Arbitrazhnogo Suda Rossiyskoy Federatsii ot 28 iyunya 2012 g. N VAS-4569/12// Dokument opublikovan ne byl. Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoy sistemy "Konsul'tantPlyus".
Pis'mo Minfina Rossii ot 18 oktyabrya 2012 g. N 03-01-18/8-145// Dokument opublikovan ne byl. Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoy sistemy "Konsul'tantPlyus".
Opredelenie Vysshego Arbitrazhnogo Suda Rossiyskoy Federatsii ot 9 oktyabrya 2007 g. N 12375/07 // Dokument opublikovan ne byl. Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoy sistemy "Konsul'tantPlyus".
Opredelenie Vysshego Arbitrazhnogo Suda Rossiyskoy Federatsii ot 28 fevralya 2011 g. N VAS-1615/11 // Dokument opublikovan ne byl. Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoy sistemy "Konsul'tantPlyus".
Opredelenie Vysshego Arbitrazhnogo Suda Rossiyskoy Federatsii ot 29 iyunya 2007 g. N 7526/07 // Dokument opublikovan ne byl. Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoy sistemy "Konsul'tantPlyus".
Postanovlenie Plenuma VAS RF ot 12 oktyabrya 2006 g. N 53 «Ob otsenke arbitrazhnymi sudami obosnovannosti polucheniya nalogoplatel'shchikom nalogovoy vygody» // Vestnik VAS RF, N 12, dekabr', 2006
"Nalogovyy kodeks Rossiyskoy Federatsii (chast' pervaya)" ot 31.07.1998 N 146-FZ": prinyat Gos. Dumoy Fe-der. Sobr. Ros. Federatsii 16 iyulya 1998 g.: odobr. Sovetom Federatsii Feder. Sobr. Ros. Federatsii 17 iyulya 1998 g. // "Sobranie zakonodatel'stva RF", N 31, 03.08.1998, st. 3824
Federal'nyy zakon ot 18.07.2011 N 227-FZ "O vnesenii izmeneniy v otdel'nye zakonodatel'nye akty Rossiyskoy Federatsii v svyazi s sovershenstvovaniem printsipov opredeleniya tsen dlya tseley nalogooblozheniya": prinyat Gos. Dumoy Fe-der. Sobr. Ros. Federatsii 8 iyulya 2011 g.: odobr. Sovetom Federatsii Feder. Sobr. Ros. Federatsii 13 iyulya 2011 g. // "Sobranie zakonodatel'stva RF", 25.07.2011, N 30 (ch. 1), st. 4575.

Abstract: The present article describes theoretical grounds and principles of formation of transfer price of a group of interdependent parties taking into account the possibility of correcting the transfer price to the level of market prices in order to avoid additional taxation charges from the federal executive bodies carrying out control and supervision in the sphere of taxes and levies. It is noted that transfer price formation is quite popular in Russia. At the same time, there is no clear description of the process of price formation and composition of the final price. The author also analyzes methods used by tax authorities for defining whether the price of the deal matches the market prices taking into account particular features of activities performed by the companies which control these deals. Moreover, the author also describes certain consequences of additionally charged taxes such as compensating adjustments and specification of tax liabilities in relation to the budget.

Keywords: tax, transfer, price, interdependent, parties, additional charge, methods, profitability, control, market.

Contact information: Bazhenov Alexander Alexandrovich, Russia, 125993, Moscow, Leningradsky prospect 49

References:
1. Avdeev V. Opredelenie rynochnoy tseny // "Audit i nalogooblozhenie", 2011, № 4. S. 14-20.
2. Anishchenko A.V., Kaftannikov A.A. Vosem' voprosov tsenovogo kontrolya sdelok, kotorye chashche vsego obsuzhdayut na praktike // "Rossiyskiy nalogovyy kur'er", 2012, № 23.
3. Bazhenov A.A., Kuznetsov D.V. Metod real'nykh optsionov v nalogooblozhenii sub'ektov malogo predprinimatel'stva // Nalogi i nalogooblozhenie.-2012.-8.-C. 32-38.
4. Bazhenov A.A., Shein Yu.A. Marketing kak odna iz osnovnykh funktsiy storon sdelki pri opredelenii rynochnoy tseny v tselyakh nalogooblozheniya // "Nalogi i nalogooblozhenie", 2012, №
5. Borzunova O. Transfertnoe tsenoobrazovanie: kontrol' nad tsenami // "Nalogovyy vestnik", 2011, № 12.
6. Golishevskiy V.I. Metody transfertnogo tsenoobrazovaniya: OESR rekomenduet // "Nalogovaya politika i praktika", 2011, №№ 9, 10.
7. Gordeeva O.V. Tsenovoy faktor nalogovykh riskov: transfertnoe tsenoobrazovanie // "Finansy", 2012, № 3.
8. Meshalkin V.K. Kontrol' tsen v tselyakh nalogooblozheniya (transfertnoe tsenoobrazovanie) // "AySi Grupp", 2013.
9. Nalogovyy kodeks Rossiyskoy Federatsii. Chast' pervaya ot 31 iyulya 1998 g. №146-FZ: prinyat Gos. Dumoy Feder. Sobr. Ros. Federatsii 16 iyul. 1998 g. // Ross. gaz.-1998.-06 avg.; Sobr. zakonodatel'stva Ros. Federatsii.-1998.-№ 31, st. 3824.
10. Semenikhin V. Tsenoobrazovanie v torgovle // "Audit i nalogooblozhenie", 2011, № 6. S. 2-9.
11. Chaykovskaya L.A., Mamrukova O.I. Nalogovyy kontrol' za transfertnym tsenoobrazovaniem: problemy, novatsii zakonodatel'stva i tendentsii povysheniya effektivnosti // "Mezhdunarodnyy bukhgalterskiy uchet", 2012, № 40.
12. Shestakova E.V. Transfertnoe tsenoobrazovanie // "Valyutnoe regulirovanie. Valyutnyy kontrol'", 2011, № 5. S. 44-49

References (transliteration):
1. Avdeev V. Opredelenie rynochnoy tseny // "Audit i nalogooblozhenie", 2011, № 4. S. 14-20.
2. Anishchenko A.V., Kaftannikov A.A. Vosem' voprosov tsenovogo kontrolya sdelok, kotorye chashche vsego obsuzhdayut na praktike // "Rossiyskiy nalogovyy kur'er", 2012, № 23.
3. Bazhenov A.A., Kuznetsov D.V. Metod real'nykh optsionov v nalogooblozhenii sub'ektov malogo predprinimatel'stva // Nalogi i nalogooblozhenie.-2012.-8.-C. 32-38.
4. Bazhenov A.A., Shein Yu.A. Marketing kak odna iz osnovnykh funktsiy storon sdelki pri opredelenii rynochnoy tseny v tselyakh nalogooblozheniya // "Nalogi i nalogooblozhenie", 2012, №
5. Borzunova O. Transfertnoe tsenoobrazovanie: kontrol' nad tsenami // "Nalogovyy vestnik", 2011, № 12.
6. Golishevskiy V.I. Metody transfertnogo tsenoobrazovaniya: OESR rekomenduet // "Nalogovaya politika i praktika", 2011, №№ 9, 10.
7. Gordeeva O.V. Tsenovoy faktor nalogovykh riskov: transfertnoe tsenoobrazovanie // "Finansy", 2012, № 3.
8. Meshalkin V.K. Kontrol' tsen v tselyakh nalogooblozheniya (transfertnoe tsenoobrazovanie) // "AySi Grupp", 2013.
9. Nalogovyy kodeks Rossiyskoy Federatsii. Chast' pervaya ot 31 iyulya 1998 g. №146-FZ: prinyat Gos. Dumoy Feder. Sobr. Ros. Federatsii 16 iyul. 1998 g. // Ross. gaz.-1998.-06 avg.; Sobr. zakonodatel'stva Ros. Federatsii.-1998.-№ 31, st. 3824.
10. Semenikhin V. Tsenoobrazovanie v torgovle // "Audit i nalogooblozhenie", 2011, № 6. S. 2-9.
11. Chaykovskaya L.A., Mamrukova O.I. Nalogovyy kontrol' za transfertnym tsenoobrazovaniem: problemy, novatsii zakonodatel'stva i tendentsii povysheniya effektivnosti // "Mezhdunarodnyy bukhgalterskiy uchet", 2012, № 40.
12. Shestakova E.V. Transfertnoe tsenoobrazovanie // "Valyutnoe regulirovanie. Valyutnyy kontrol'", 2011, № 5. S. 44-49

Abstract: The preset article provides an analysis of one of the main functions of price adjustment for taxation purposes in transactions between interdependent parties. It is the marketing which can actually allow to avoid notices from a federal executive body authorized to conduct control and supervision in the sphere of taxes and levies.

Keywords: marketing, party, organization, market price, policy, interacted, persons, functions.

References:
Avdeev V. Opredelenie rynochnoy tseny // Audit i nalogooblozhenie. 2011. №4. S. 14 – 20.
Gabrus' N. Kak obosnovat' nachal'nuyu tsenu kontrakta // EZh-Yurist. 2011. №28. S. 1, 6 – 7.
Davydova L.K. Kakim dolzhen byt' akt ob okazanii konsul'tatsionnykh, marketingovykh i prochikh uslug
// Glavnaya kniga. 2009. №23. S. 86 – 88.
Ivanov S. Odin marketingovyy khod // Sovremennyy predprinimatel'. 2010. №11. S. 77 – 79.
Kul'pin F. Dilemma: “delat' pravil'no” ili delat' “pravil'nye veshchi” [Interv'yu s M.I.
Emel'yanovym] // Upravlenie personalom. 2011. №15. S. 38 – 52.
Medvedev A.N. Marketingovaya politika organizatsii dlya tseley nalogooblozheniya // Nalogovyy ves-
tnik. 2009. №9. S. 133 – 137.
Perevozchikova E. Marketingovye issledovaniya: nalogovye problemy, uchet // Rossiyskiy bukhgalter.
2011. №4. S. 51 – 56.
Semenikhin V. Tsenoobrazovanie v torgovle // Audit i nalogooblozhenie. 2011. №6. S. 2 – 9.
Shestakova E.V. Transfertnoe tsenoobrazovanie // Valyutnoe regulirovanie. Valyutnyy kontrol'. 2011.
№5. S. 44 – 49.
Sholomova E.V. Pokupatel' prodvigaet tovary postavshchika: nalogooblozhenie // Torgovlya: bukhgalter-
skiy uchet i nalogooblozhenie. 2011. №7. S. 40 – 45.

References (transliteration):
Avdeev V. Opredelenie rynochnoy tseny // Audit i nalogooblozhenie. 2011. №4. S. 14 – 20.
Gabrus' N. Kak obosnovat' nachal'nuyu tsenu kontrakta // EZh-Yurist. 2011. №28. S. 1, 6 – 7.
Davydova L.K. Kakim dolzhen byt' akt ob okazanii konsul'tatsionnykh, marketingovykh i prochikh uslug
// Glavnaya kniga. 2009. №23. S. 86 – 88.
Ivanov S. Odin marketingovyy khod // Sovremennyy predprinimatel'. 2010. №11. S. 77 – 79.
Kul'pin F. Dilemma: “delat' pravil'no” ili delat' “pravil'nye veshchi” [Interv'yu s M.I.
Emel'yanovym] // Upravlenie personalom. 2011. №15. S. 38 – 52.
Medvedev A.N. Marketingovaya politika organizatsii dlya tseley nalogooblozheniya // Nalogovyy ves-
tnik. 2009. №9. S. 133 – 137.
Perevozchikova E. Marketingovye issledovaniya: nalogovye problemy, uchet // Rossiyskiy bukhgalter.
2011. №4. S. 51 – 56.
Semenikhin V. Tsenoobrazovanie v torgovle // Audit i nalogooblozhenie. 2011. №6. S. 2 – 9.
Shestakova E.V. Transfertnoe tsenoobrazovanie // Valyutnoe regulirovanie. Valyutnyy kontrol'. 2011.
№5. S. 44 – 49.
Sholomova E.V. Pokupatel' prodvigaet tovary postavshchika: nalogooblozhenie // Torgovlya: bukhgalter-
skiy uchet i nalogooblozhenie. 2011. №7. S. 40 – 45.