Abstract: The high level of social danger of drug-related crimes, the specificity of criminogenic situation in Russia, the need of the science and practice for their prevention using the set of forensic instruments create a problem situation which can be and should be solved using technological and criminalistic means. The author classifies technological and forensic instruments and new technical means applied for drugs detection. This classification can serve as the basis for the development of ways of drug-related crimes prevention. The research methodology includes the methods of analysis, synthesis, statistics, comparison, description, system study, induction, and prognostication. The author considers and characterizes technological and forensic means aimed at drug-related crimes prevention. On the base of the brief analysis of technological means of detection, fixation, and confiscation the author offers the variants of application of the modern instrumental means of analysis, and enumerates the new ways of technological and forensic instruments application. 

Keywords: means of fixation, search means, means of fixation, forensic information, laboratory research, optical devices, search devices, lighting, intended purpose, drug-related crimes

Abstract: in several years, Russian criminalists would need to study in detail the specifi c features of cyberspace and crimes, committed in it, to develop adequate technical criminal investigatory, tactic and methodological approaches to detection and investigation of such crimes. If criminal investigation of the XX century studied an ordinary, traditional reality, thus the criminal investigation of the XXI century would concentrate on the virtual reality, coming to a higher level of development.

Keywords: criminal investigation of the XXI century, scientifi c technical progress, informational technologies, digital technologies, nano technologies, cyberspace, internet, directions of development of criminal investigation