Abstract: The subject of the study is the type of attitude towards pregnancy in the context of a new coronavirus infection caused by COVID-19. The aim of the study is to identify relationships between the type of attitude towards pregnancy and early maladaptive patterns of women in the context of a new coronavirus infection caused by COVID-19. The author analyzes in detail the possible prerequisites for the occurrence of affective disorders in women in late pregnancy in conditions of instability, uncertainty of the world in the context of a new coronavirus infection caused by COVID-19. At the same time, pregnancy is considered as a crisis period in a woman's life. Research methodology: conceptual position on early maladaptive schemes by J. Young, methodological development on the types of attitude of a pregnant woman I.V. Dobryakova. The study was conducted on the basis of the Altai Regional Clinical Center for Maternal and Childhood Protection with pregnant women aged 18 to 40 years.
Scientific novelty of the study: the existence of relationships between the types of attitudes in the context of a new coronavirus infection caused by COVID-19 and early maladaptive patterns has been theoretically substantiated and empirically proven. Qualitative differences in the types of attitudes towards pregnancy in women of different ages under the conditions of a new coronavirus infection caused by COVID-19 were determined. Beliefs that are significantly associated with understanding life in the context of a new coronavirus infection have a positive correlation with anxious and depressive types of attitudes towards pregnancy. Pregnant women under the age of 25 are more likely to worry about the possible fragility and uncertainty of reality than women of other age groups, which may be due to the actualization of early maladaptive schemes and the high level of infantility of women in this age group. Based on the research data, it seems important to further develop a correctional program for pregnant women in order to adaptively comprehend the existing reality and accept the low controllability of the world as a whole.

Keywords: Psychological preparation, Early maladaptive scheme, Pregnant woman's attitude, Anxiety-depressive symptoms, Depression, Anxiety, Scheme-therapy, Psychotherapy, Type of relationship pregnant, Pregnancy

References:
Balashov, P.P., Kolesnikova, A.M., & Mamysheva, N.L. (2014). Clinical features of anxiety disorders in pregnant women. Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry, 11, 20-23.
Galyautdinova, S.I., Kutusheva, R.R., & Gumerova, R.B. (2016). Psychological readiness of pregnant women for parenthood. Russian Humanitarian Journal, 5(2), 243-250.
Gardanova, Zh.R., Anisimova, K.A., & Vasilyeva, A.V. (2016). Anxiety-depressive disorders in pregnant women with arterial hypertension. Obstetrics and gynecology, 8, 54-59.
Gorkova, I.A., Ryazanova, O.V., & Alexandrovich, Yu. S.(2017). Psychoprophylaxis of postpartum depression in women with different delivery options. Bulletin of the Udmurt University. Philosophy series. Psychology. Pedagogy, 28(4), 437-442.
Dobryakov, I.V. (2010). Perinatal psychology. St. Petersburg: Peter.
Zolotova, I.A. (2021). Investigation of the features of the psychological component of the gestational dominant as an indicator

Abstract: The relevance of the study is determined by the increasing number of younger schoolchildren with difficulties in mastering reading and writing. In recent decades, the hypothesis has been confirmed that one of the causes of difficulties in mastering reading and writing in elementary school may be reduced sensory reactivity of the vestibular system. The article presents the results of an experimental study of dynamic visual acuity in children with learning difficulties. Dynamic visual acuity reflects the quality of interaction between the visual and vestibular systems. Its violations can complicate the development of reading and writing.
The study involved 35 primary school students with learning difficulties. The study was conducted on the basis of a pediatric neurological clinic, instrumental studies and vestibular training were conducted as prescribed by a neurologist. At the first stage, functional diagnostics of vestibular function was carried out. The functions of the otolith part of the vestibular apparatus were evaluated by the method of cervical vestibular evoked potentials. The functions of the horizontal semicircular channels of the vestibular apparatus were evaluated by measuring the duration of post-rotational nystagmus. The experimental group included children whose learning difficulties were combined with sensory hyperactivity of the vestibular system or asymmetry of sensory reactivity of the vestibular system.
Then the children underwent vestibular training on a riding simulator with visual biofeedback. The duration of the training is 14 days. The assessment of dynamic visual acuity was carried out by the standard method in sitting and standing positions before and after the training.
Dynamic visual acuity depends on the quality of the vestibulocular reflex. It is shown that vestibular training on a riding simulator with visual biofeedback significantly improves dynamic visual acuity in a group of children with hyperactivity, symptoms of astheno-neurotic syndrome, asymmetry of sensory reactivity of the vestibular apparatus. Further research is needed to assess the impact of the training results on the success of children in learning.

Keywords: semicircular channels, sensorimotor integration, reading and writing, dynamic visual acuity, vestibulocular reflex, vestibular system, learning difficulties, children, otolith organs, hyperactivity

References:
Braswell, J., Rine, R.M. (2006) Evidence that vestibular hypofunction affects reading acuity in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2006 Nov;70(11):1957-65. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2006.07.013. Epub 2006 Aug 30. PMID: 16945429.
Caldani, S., Moiroud, L., Miquel, C., Peiffer, V., Florian, A., Bucci, M.P. (2021). Short Vestibular and Cognitive Training Improves Oral Reading Fluency in Children with Dyslexia. Brain Sci. 2021 Oct 29;11(11):1440. doi: 10.3390/brainsci11111440. PMID: 34827439; PMCID: PMC8615463.
Guinand, N., Pijnenburg, M, Janssen. M, [et al.] (2012). Visual acuity while walking and oscillopsia severity in healthy subjects and patients with unilateral and bilateral vestibular function loss. Archives of otolaryngology-head & neck surgery. – Vol. 138, N 3. – Ð. 301–306. – DOI: 10.1001/archoto.2012.4.
Lotfi, Y., Rezazadeh, N., Moossavi, A., Haghgoo, H.A., Rostami, R., Bakhshi, E., Badfar, F., Moghadam, S.F., Sadeghi-Firoozabadi, V., Khodabandelou, Y. (2017). Preliminary evidence of im

Abstract: The article presents a step-by-step description of the procedure for cross-cultural adaptation of the questionnaire on the Russian sample. The goal is to adapt and test the Stroke Self-efficacy Questionnaire on stroke patients with an assessment of internal consistency and convergent validity. 77 patients of the Tomsk Regional Vascular Center filled out the Russian-language version of the "SSEQ" and the "Scale of general self-efficacy" (R. Schwarzer, M. Yerusalem, adapted by V.G. Romek) were studied. When filling out 13 scales of the questionnaire, patients assessed their abilities, capabilities, resources in performing everyday tasks after a stroke on a scale from 0 to 10, where 0 is absolutely not sure and 10 is absolutely sure. To assess convergent validity, post-stroke patients filled out a "Scale of general self-efficacy" consisting of 10 items, each of which has 4 degrees of consent of the respondent from "absolutely incorrect" to "absolutely true". The total values on the scale (from 10 to 40 points) reflect the overall indicator of subjective assessment of personal effectiveness.
The article presents the psychometric characteristics of the test and descriptive statistics. The internal consistency of the test was determined by the Kronbach method. The coefficient is generally equal to 0.875. Adaptation and testing of the questionnaire "Self-efficacy after stroke" in many countries has shown good validity results. Cross-cultural adaptation of the questionnaire "Self-efficacy after stroke" was conducted in Russia for the first time. The advantages of using this questionnaire include the possibility of using it as an express technique in the work of a clinical psychologist within a multidisciplinary team to assess the motivational component of rehabilitation potential in the system of staged rehabilitation treatment.

Keywords: coefficient Cronbach, rehabilitation, ischemic stroke, approbation of the methodology, self-efficacy, convergent validity, cross cultural adaptation, stroke, motivation, multidisciplinary team

References:
Voznyuk I.A., Ilyina O.M., & Komentsev S.V. (2020). Ischemic stroke as a clinical form and pathogenetic model in the structure of central nervous system lesions in COVID-19. Bulletin of Restorative Medicine, 4(98), 90-98. (In Russ.).
Miryutova N.F. (2015). Comprehensive rehabilitation of patients with consequences of acute cerebrovascular accident. Physiotherapy, balneology and rehabilitation, 1, 13-18. (In Russ.).
Ermakova N.G. (2018). Psychological rehabilitation of patients with the consequences of a stroke in conditions of rehabilitation treatment. Medical psychology in Russia, 2, 1-9. (In Russ.).
Rasskazova E.I., Tkhostov A.Sh., Kovyazina M.S., & Varako N.A. (2020). Changing the patient's lifestyle as a task of psychological rehabilitation: organizing rehabilitation as a joint activity at the personal and interpersonal levels. Clinical and Special Psychology, 1(9), 47–63. (In Russ.).
Schwarzer R., Yerusalem M.,

Abstract: The research is devoted to the study of the emotional sphere of psychoactive substance users at the stage of rehabilitation. The aim of the study is to compare the content and dynamic characteristics of the emotional state of patients with chemical dependence who receive and do not receive psychotherapeutic help.
Subject of research: the possibility of correcting the emotional state of drug addicts through the use of art therapy methods.
Experimental research base: rehabilitation center (Krasnoyarsk). Experimental sample of the study: 24 drug-addicted men aged 25 to 40 years.
Research methods: the study of the locus of control of J. The study of the level of anxiety (the scale of C.D. Spielberger, Y.L. Khanin); the Rosenzweig test "The technique of pictorial frustration").
Data processing was carried out using the program "SPSS Statistics 21".
The reliability of the differences between the indicators in the experimental group and the comparison group was calculated using the U-Mann-Whitney criterion for independent samples. The results of the study showed that a psychocorrection program with elements of art therapy can relieve emotional tension, reduce anxiety and frustration.
In addition, the shift of the locus of control towards the internal type contributes to an increase in the level of responsibility for one's own actions and a decrease in the level of aggressiveness.
And increasing the level of social adaptation improves interaction within the group, which leads to a decrease in the number of external and internal conflicts. Additionally, patients' motivation for recovery increases due to the support of the group, which is very important for the effective and successful completion of the rehabilitation program.
The obtained data and the proposed psychocorrection program can be used by medical psychologists in working with drug-dependent patients to correct their emotional state during treatment and rehabilitation measures.

Keywords: psychotherapeutic assistance, U-Mann-Whitney criterion, treatment and rehabilitation process, art therapy, psychocorrection program, rehabilitation, psychological characteristics of drug addicts, drug addiction, drug addicts, drug addiction motivation

References:
Bedoeva, K. O., & Zaitseva, O .G. (2023) The application of therapy. Mental health, 18(4), 11-13. doi:10.25557/2074-014X.2023.04.11-13
Berdichevsky, A. A. (2019) Spiritually-oriented art therapy in the formation of motivation for lifestyle addicts. Smolensk medical almanac, 4, 87-89.
Bibikova, N. V., Belonogova, L. N., & Eremina, L. I. (2023) Art Therapy as a Means of Social and Psychological Prevention of Aggressive Behavior in Orphanage Children. Volga region pedagogical search, 1(43), 9-16.
Report on the drug situation in the Russian Federation in 2022 (excerpt) [Electronic resource]. Official portal of the State Anti-Drug Committee. Retrieved from https://gak.mvd.rf /monitoring-drug situation/excerpts-from-reports-about-drug situation
Morbidity of the population with drug addiction : [Electronic resource]. Official website of the Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved from https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Zdravoohran-2022<

Abstract: The article presents a historical overview of academic approaches to the problem of sexualised abuse against children and adolescents. The evolution of academic debates on the subject of sexual interactions between adults and underage persons is considered. Particular attention is paid to the differences between the interpretations of this phenomenon from various scientific and worldview positions. An analysis of tendencies in the description and explanation of sexualised abuse of underage persons within the medical paradigm, the psychoanalytic school, clinical sexology, feminist gender studies and sociology of morality is carried out. The most significant changes in the history of the paradigmatic field of research on sexualised abuse of underage persons are described. It concludes with an overview of current trends, considering the moral and ethical foundations of the consensus on the inadmissibility of sexual contact with children and adolescents and the need to confront the problem of sexualised abuse directed at them. Fundamental challenges related to the lack of unity in understanding sexualised abuse of underage persons as such, mechanisms of development of reactions to trauma, conceptualisation of its consequences, and the variety of discourses about victims/survivors and fragmented interventions by professional helpers are analyzed. The author proposes current problematic issues, the solution of which will help to determine the way of further development of scientific and ethical approach to the protection of injured persons.

Keywords: medical paradigm, social interpretation, sexualized abuse, sexual abuse, child abuse, sexual abuse trauma, ethical issues, services to victims, psychological interventions, historical overview

References:
Gómez, J. M. (2021). Gendered sexual violence: Betrayal trauma, dissociation, and PTSD in diverse college students. Journal of aggression, maltreatment & trauma, 30(5), 625-640. doi:10.1080/10926771.2020.1783737
Jina, R., & Thomas, L. S. (2013). Health consequences of sexual violence against women. Best practice & research Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology, 27(1), 15-26. doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2012.08.012
Dartnall, E., & Jewkes, R. (2013). Sexual violence against women: the scope of the problem. Best practice & research Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology, 27(1), 3-13. doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2012.08.002
Assink, M., van der Put, C. E., Meeuwsen, M. W., de Jong, N. M., Oort, F. J., Stams, G. J. J., & Hoeve, M. (2019). Risk factors for child sexual abuse victimization: A meta-analytic review. Psychological bulletin, 145(5), 459-489. doi:10.1037/bul0000188
Cassar, J. R. (2020). Comparative review of child se

Abstract: The results of an experimental study aimed at assessing the dynamics of electroencephalographic parameters of children with epilepsy and/or epileptic changes and concomitant developmental disorders during audio training using the A. Tomatis method are presented. The study involved 820 children aged 2.5 to 6.5 years with autism spectrum disorder and severe language development disorders. The audio training was part of a fifteen-day rehabilitation course, which was conducted according to the appointment of a neurologist. The trainings were aimed at modulating the work of the auditory and vestibular systems in order to normalize the ability to learn and improve the quality of life. For the first time, the effectiveness and safety of audio training using the Tomatis method was evaluated for children with epilepsy and/or epileptic changes and concomitant developmental disorders. This is the first study of the effectiveness of the Alfred Tomatis method, conducted on a large sample with the control of electroencephalographic parameters. Encephalographic indicators were recorded during the use of frequency filters, as well as before and after the training.
For the first time, encephalographic indicators were monitored using portable equipment directly while listening to music.
It was found that 80.3% of the subjects had stable EEG indicators before, during and after audio training using the A.Tomatis method. 8.2% of children had a tendency to deterioration of EEG indicators. 11.5% of children had a decrease in the index of representation of epileptiform changes. Audio training by the method of A.Tomatis does not significantly aggravate the electroencephalographic picture in most children and can be used in rehabilitation in children with epileptiform disorders and epilepsy under the supervision of an epileptologist and after a preliminary functional diagnosis. Taking into account the capabilities of modern electroencephalographs, for greater safety of children with concomitant epileptiform disorders, it is recommended to conduct audio training using the A.Tomatis method under EEG control.

Keywords: rehabilitation, epileptiform disorders, audio therapy, audio training, Tomatis method, epilepsy, EEG, developmental disorders, corejective influences, children

References:
Bedetti C, D'Alessandro P, Piccirilli M, Marchiafava M, Baglioni A, Giuglietti M, Frondizi D, Menna M, Elisei S. Mozart's music and multidrug-resistant epilepsy: a potential EEG index of therapeutic effectiveness. Psychiatr Danub. 2018 Nov;30(Suppl 7):567-571. PMID: 30439848.
Brosch H. Die Klangtherapie nach Tomatis [Sound therapy according to Alfred Tomatis]. Kinderkrankenschwester. 2000 Oct;19(10):412-4. German. PMID: 11190165.
Coppola G, Toro A, Operto FF, Ferrarioli G, Pisano S, Viggiano A, Verrotti A. Mozart's music in children with drug-refractory epileptic encephalopathies. Epilepsy Behav. 2015 Sep.50:18-22. https://doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.05.038 Epub 2015 Jun 18. PMID: 26093514.
Dastgheib SS, Layegh P, Sadeghi R, Foroughipur M, Shoeibi A, Gorji A. The effects of Mozart's music on interictal activity in epileptic patients: systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2014 Jan;14(1):420. https://doi:10.1007/s11910-013-0420-x PMID: 24272274.
Gerrits

Abstract: The subject of the study is comorbid disorders of children with mental retardation. The object of the study is the frequency of comorbid disorders of the children with mental retardation.
Using a retrospective analysis of medical records, the authors examine in detail the neuropsychiatric manifestations and behavioral stereotypes that frequently occur in the study sample of children. These behavioral stereotypes or comorbid disorders were noted by parents or health care professionals who interacted with the children. The total sample included 1,000 preschool and young children (from 1.5 to 7 years old) with various neuropsychiatric speech diagnoses - delayed speech development, autism spectrum disorders, delayed psycho speech development, and other unspecified speech diagnoses. The main finding of this study is that a list of the most common comorbid disorders was compiled. Using this list of the most common behavioral disorders, it is possible to make a screening assessment of mental development and identify the degree of its delay on the basis of the formed behavioral and speech patterns. This will help specialists (psychologists, speech therapists, defectologists and neuropsychologists) working with children to provide them with the necessary assistance in a timely manner.
The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that previously no comprehensive list of the most common behavioral disorders of the children with mental retardation was compiled. This list made it possible to differentiate the primary diagnosed child into one or another group according to the belonging to the diagnosis, with subsequent more thorough verification of the diagnosis.

Keywords: assistance to a specialist, behavioral disorders, speech disorders, behavioral stereotypes, primary diagnostics, list of violations, behavioral features, mental retardation, delayed speech development, autism spectrum disorder

References:
Bochkina E. V. Features of the development of ideas about the cyclicity of space and time in children of senior preschool age / E. V. Bochkina // Psychology and Psychotechnics. − 2019. − ¹ 1. −Ñ. 89-99. − DOI 10.7256/2454-0722.2019.1.28989.-EDN ZDVDOP.
Bochkina, E. V. Features of psycho-verbal development in preschool children with different types of brain tumors / E. V. Bochkina // International Journal of the Humanities and Natural Sciences.-2022.-¹ 8-3(71).-Ñ. 120-122.-DOI 10.24412/2500-1000-2022-8-3-120-122.-EDN WPAMZO.
Vygotsky L.S. History of the development of higher mental functions.-SPb: Peter, 2000.-400 ñ. [Vygotsky L.S. History of the development of higher mental functions.-St. Petersburg: Peter, 2000.-400 p. (In Russ.)].
Zeigarnik B.V. Introduction to pathopsychology,-Moscow: Politizdat, 1982. [Zeigarnik B.V. Introduction to pathopsychology, Moscow: Politizdat, 1982. (In Russ.)].
Zinovieva V. N., Demidova A. P., Nesterova N. K. Peculiarities of psychological

Abstract: The purpose of the study: to study destructive forms of cognitive impairment in old age. Materials and methods. A study of 38 people was conducted, of which 16 were men and 22 were women. The control sample consists of 23 people, of which 8 are men and 15 are women. The definition of the control sample was based on the fact that this category of people had cognitive impairments that are the result of other age-related changes that are not the result of AD, whereas the experimental sample needed to have cognitive impairments that are the result of AD. The experimental sample consisted of 15 people, 7 men, 8 women. In the process of MMSE testing, 6 subjects (15.8%) entered the first group, 10 subjects (26.3%) entered the second group, and 22 (57.9%) entered the last group. 42.1% of respondents had mild Alzheimer's type dementia, while 57.9% of respondents had cognitive impairment due to age-related changes. According to the indicators obtained by the method of the short scale of assessment of mental status (Mini-Mental State Examination, MMSE), it can be concluded that memory, attention and orientation in time and space are primarily reduced. Data on the Frontal Dysfunction Battery (FAB) technique showed the absence of a grasping reflex in 29 out of 38 subjects (76.3%), so the presence of a grasping reflex most often indicates a severe degree of Alzheimer's type dementia.

Keywords: destructive forms, pre - dementia, dementia, clinical picture, Alzheimer's disease, old age, neurodegenerative diseases, Cognitive impairment, cognitive impairment, praxis

References:
Wilson RS, Barral S, Lee JH et al. Heritability of different forms of memory in the Late Onset Alzheimer’s Disease Famil y Study. J Alzheimers Dis. 2011.; 23(2): 249-55.
Gatz M, Reynolds CA, Fratiglioni L, et al. Role of genes and environments for explaining Alzheimer disease. Arch Gen Psy chiatry. 2006 Feb. 63(2): 168-74.
Yakhno, N. N. Kognitivnye rasstroystva v nevrologicheskoy klinike // Nevrologicheskiy zhurnal. — 2006. — ¹ 11. — S. 4-12.
Yakhno,N 30, I. S. Preobrazhenskaya, V. V. Zakharov [i dr.]. Rasprostranennost' kognitivnykh narusheniy pri nevrologicheskikh zabolevaniyakh (analiz raboty spetsializirovannogo ambulatornogo priema) // Nevrologiya, neyropsikhiatriya, psikhosomatika. — 2012. — ¹ 2. — S. 30-34.
Shternberg, E. Ya. Klinika dementsiy presenil'nogo vozrasta. Moskva : Meditsina, 1967. — 247 c.
Chislennost' pozhilogo naseleniya. // Federal'naya sluzhba gosudarstvennoy statistiki: [sayt]. — URL: https://rosstat.gov.ru/folder/12781
Tyuvina, N. A, Balabanova, V. V. Dementsii al'tsgeymerovskogo tipa: sovremennoe s

Abstract: The subject of this research is the peculiarities of development of thinking skills in confluence of the factors of manual asymmetry and hearing impairment in families in which parents have hearing impairment and preserved hearing. The object of this research is the characteristics of thinking in combination of hearing impairment and manual asymmetry. The author dwells on such aspects as hereditary factor in the formation of thinking skills among left-handed and right-handed students with hearing impairment. Special attention is given to the peculiarities of the formation of thinking in combination of hearing impairment and manual asymmetry among students brought up by deaf or normally hearing parents. The main conclusions are as follows: right-handed students with hearing impairment brought up by deaf parents have higher characteristics of logical and creative thinking than students brought up by normally hearing parents; left-handed students from families of the deaf have higher characteristics of creative thinking if their parents' hearing is preserved, while the characteristics of logical thinking are higher if their parents’ hearing is impaired; a "mirror image" is detected in the development of creative thinking among left-handed and right-handed students, depending on the hearing condition of their parents; connection is established between logical and creative. The author’s special contribution lies in acquisition of data on the influence of hereditary factor upon the development of thinking in combination of hearing impairment and manual asymmetry. The novelty of this research consists in comparative study of creative and mathematical thinking in confluence of the factors of hearing impairment, manual asymmetry and a hereditary factor. New data is obtained on the peculiarities of development of thinking skills among right-handed and left-handed students with hearing impairments brought up by hearing parents and parents with hearing impairment.

Keywords: characteristics of thinking, hereditary factor, right-handed pupils, left-handed pupils, deaf parents, creative thinking, parents with normal hear, deaf pupils, logical thinking, manual asymmetry

References:
Bezrukikh,M. M. (2007). Left-handed child at school and at home. Moscow: Ventana-Graff.240 p.
Bozhenko, A.V., Khokhlova, A.Yu.(2002). Development of image thinking among deaf children.// Clinical Psychology and Special Education. Vol.1 no. 2.(pp. 19-27).
Bogdanova, T.G. (2009). Research of thinking of persons with hearing impairment: problems and prospect.// Psychological problems of modern education. News VSPY. (pp.167-171).
Gerebtcova, V.A. (2004). System analysis of mechanism in organization of higher psychic function to ontogenesis: abstract of doctor biological science., Moscow. - 474 p.
Rechickaya, E.G., Soshina, E.A. (2014). Development of creative imagination of junior schoolchild in condition normal and hearing-impaired. Moscow: Humanitarian publishing center Vlados. – 124 P.
Rechickaya, E.G., Sharova, S.S. (2013). The influence of left-handedness on creative thinking in deaf and hard-of-hearing children.// System psychology and sociology.. ¹7. (Pp. 100-105).
Ryzhov, B.N.,

Abstract: The subject of this study is the dependence of the frequency of search queries related to a certain medical and/or psychological problem on time and geographical location. In this study, two types of search queries were studied: "status" queries and "help" queries. To obtain data on the frequency characteristics of requests, the capabilities of the Googl Trends web application were used. Requests for "help" were investigated based on the results of an anonymous questionnaire of those who applied for psychological help to the Moscow Psychological Assistance Service for the Population. Seasonal variations of the query "depression" qualitatively repeat seasonal fluctuations, which are one of the main characteristics of this disease: spring-autumn peaks of circulation with summer-winter recessions. Attention is also drawn to the high severity of the autumn peak in the number of requests. At the same time, the graph of the frequency of requests for the word "alarm" does not have such a pronounced cyclicity and does not show an upward trend in the second half of the year. The analysis of the "help" requests found: (1) seasonal cyclicity, similar to the "depression" query — with spring and autumn peaks, and (2) a downward trend by the end of the year, unlike the "depression" query.      The analysis of search queries presented in this article is an important research tool, since the statistical characteristics obtained in such a study are independent of traditional statistics based on the analysis of patients' appeals to medical or psychological institutions. Thus, we found that seasonal variations of the query "depression" qualitatively repeat seasonal fluctuations in the frequency of occurrence of the disease: spring-autumn peaks alternate with summer-winter declines, which may indicate the reliability of evaluating search queries as a tool for analyzing depressive and anxiety–depressive states. Variations of "help" requests also have a similar cyclicity.

Keywords: psychotherapeutic experience, ideas about psychotherapy, depression class, anxiety disorders, subclinical depressions, medical behavior, reference group, appeal, search queries, seasonal fluctuations

References:
Agarkov V.A., Bronfman S.A., Bezdenezhnykh B.N., Chernenko A.M. Vliyanie faktorov sotsial'nogo okruzheniya na predstavleniya patsientov ob effektivnosti psikhoterapevticheskoy pomoshchi // Vestnik novykh meditsinskikh tekhnologiy. – 2015.-¹4 (elektronnyy zhurnal) DOI: 10.12737 /17080 (data obrashcheniya: 18.10.20)
Bronin S.Ya. Malaya psikhiatriya bol'shogo goroda.-M.: «Zakat», 1998.-272s.
Bronfman S.A., Kiyashchenko L.P., Maylenova F.G., Ivanova L.P., Golovanova D.I. Transfer znaniy i praktik v sisteme psikhoterapiya – obshchestvo: predstavleniya o psikhoterapii u vrachey i patsientov // Sbornik materialov konferentsii po konsul'tativnoy psikhologii, posvyashchennoy pamyati F.E.Vasilyuka. – M.:FBGNU «Psikhologicheskiy institut RAO».-2018.-261s. (elektronnoe izdanie) (data obrashcheniya: 11.10.2020).
Vel'tishchev D.Yu. Kliniko – patogeneticheskie zakonomernosti situatsionnykh rasstroystv depressivnogo spektra. Dis…. doktora med.nauk. – M., 2000. – 248s.
Vel'tishchev D.Yu., Marchenko A.S. Generalizovannoe trevozhnoe rasstroystvo: problemy diagnostiki, prognoza i psi

Abstract: Academic procrastination of students remains an actual and significant subject of research in many psychological schools, directions of both domestic and foreign authors. In this paper, an attempt is made to scientifically study the phenomenon of academic procrastination in medical students, and also presents a meaningful analysis of the mental states of students with various academic success and showing a high level of academic procrastination. One of the methodological bases of the study was the classification of procrastination types according to N. Milgram. The respondents in our study were medical students of the 1st and 6th courses in the number of 80 people. At the empirical stage, the following methods were used: "Self-assessment of mental states" by G. Eysenck; "PASS procrastination Assessment Scale" by M. V. Zvereva; methods of mathematical processing of research results (Mann-Whitney U-criterion; Kruskal-Wallis criterion; Pearson correlation analysis).   The paper reveals the frequency of the manifestation of academic procrastination and the peculiarities of mental states in medical students studying in the first and sixth years. Statistically significant differences were found between first- and sixth-year respondents in the frequency and quality of academic procrastination. In addition, the links between a high level of academic procrastination, mental states (anxiety, frustration, aggressiveness, rigidity) and the academic performance of medical students were determined. For some correlations, clinical characteristics of the mental states of highly procrastinating students are given. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that mental states are considered not only as a cause, but also as a consequence of academic procrastination of students. The results of the study may provide valuable provisions for the construction of clinical observations in order to describe the personal characteristics of students with a high level of academic procrastination. The further development of preventive measures and correctional activities for the prevention of mental states contributing to the development of tendencies to personality disorders of highly procrastinating students is promising.

Keywords: academic success, rigidity, aggressiveness, frustration, anxiety, mental states, academic procrastination, medical students, procrastination, personal characteristics

References:
Ajzenk G. YU. Metodika diagnostiki samoocenki psihicheskih sostoyanij [Elektronnyj resurs] // Psihologicheskie testy onlajn. URL : https://psytests.org/result?v=pstE6jaFC. (data obrashcheniya: 23.12.2021)
Barinova O. G., Lyapina S. S. Vzaimosvyaz' akademicheskoj prokrastinacii, psihicheskih sostoyanij i uspevaemosti studentov-medikov // Mezhkul'turnaya kommunikaciya v obrazovanii i medicine. 2021. ¹3. S. 47-56.
Varvaricheva YA. I. Fenomen prokrastinacii: problemy i perspektivy issledovaniya // Voprosy psihologii. 2010. ¹ 3. S. 121–131.
Vindeker O. S. Formal'nyj i soderzhatel'nyj analiz shkaly obshchej prokrastinacii S. N. Lau (na primere studencheskoj vyborki) // Aktual'nye problemy psihologicheskogo znaniya. 2014. ¹ 1. S. 116–126.
Zabrodina L. A., Muhina YU. R. Vzaimosvyaz' osobennostej prokrastinacii s individno-lichnostnymi harakteristikami studentov // Azimut nauchnyh issledovanij: pedagogika i psihologiya. 2017. ¹3. S. 311-315.
Zvereva M. V. SHkala ocenki akademicheskoj prokrastinacii

Abstract: The problem of information impact is extremely relevant and significant in modern clinical psychology and medicine in the context of the emergence of risk of neurotic disorders. Russian and foreign authors view information is viewed as one of the key factors of neurogenesis. In modern scientific circulation, the generally accepted term that denotes pathogenic effect of information is the information overload. The author outlines the content of the concept and stress factors of its occurrence. There is lack of research dedicated to interdependence between the information stress factors and personal response. No specific personality characteristics that determine the sensitivity or resistance of an individual to particular causes of information overload are revealed. The object of this research is the impact of the factors of information overload upon the individual. The subject is the interrelation between personal peculiarities and specificity of the impact of information stress factors. The study involved medical students as the respondents who constantly deal with the key information stress factors due to specificity of their activity. The article is based on the 5PFQ five-factor personality survey, BMS II survey (fatigue-monotony-satiety-overload). V. A. Bodrov’s classification of the factors of information overload allowed developing the questionnaire that indicated the “direct information” factors. The author establishes acute significance of the estimated causes of information overload among the respondents. The use of correlation analysis allows establishing the dependence between personality characteristics and specific impact of the information stress factors, which reveals individual sensitivity to the particular information stressors.

Keywords: Operational efficiency, Workload, Lack of information, Stress in students, Informational stress factors, Iatrogenicity of information, Personal traits, Information threats, Neurosis, Information overload

References:
Aleksandrovskiy Yu.A. Predboleznennye sostoyaniya i pogranichnye psikhicheskie rasstroystva. M. Izd-vo: Littera. 2010. – 264 s.
Anokhin P.K. Ocherki po fiziologii funktsional'nykh sistem. M.: Meditsina, 1975. – 447 s.
Bodrov V.A. Informatsionnyy stress: Uchebnoe posobie dlya vuzov. – M.: PER SE, 2000. – 352 s.
Kal'bittser Yan. Tsifrovaya paranoyya: ostavaytes' onlayn, ne teryaya rassudka. per. s nem. Iriny Gerasimovich.-Minsk : Diskurs, 2018 – 191 s.
Piven' B.N. Ekologicheskaya psikhiatriya. Barnaul : AGMU, 2001.-134 s.
Svyadoshch A.M. Nevrozy i ikh lechenie-2-e izd., pererab. i dop.-M.: MEDITsINA, 1971. 456 s.
Simonov P.V. Emotsional'nyy mozg. M.: Nauka, 1981. – 216 s.
Fedotov I.A., Kukushkin S.V., Dorovskaya V.A., Antoshkin Ya.A. i-Disorders – novye vidy psikhicheskikh rasstroystv, svyazannye s ispol'zovaniem sovremennykh informatsionnykh tekhnologiy. Omskiy psikhiatricheskiy zhurnal. 2015. ¹ 4 (6). S. 16–19.
Khananashvili M. M. Informatsionnye nevrozy. L : Meditsina, 1978. – 144 s.
Khromov A.B. Pyatifaktornyy oprosnik lichnosti: Uchebn

Abstract: This article reviews the results of research dedicated to personality characteristics of women struggling with psychogenic infertility (on different levels of organization of individuality: physical, affective and behavioral). It is assumed that all levels of organization of individuality are interrelated, which allows observing a holistic picture of personality of women involved in the study. The goal consists in examination of personality traits of women with reproductive disorders on physical, personal and social levels of the organization of individuality. The subject of this research is the psychological peculiarities, coping strategies, and psychological defenses of women with reproductive disorders on different levels of organization of individuality. The following methods were applied: empirical, such as testing and quantitative methods (charting); statistical, such as correlation analysis; qualitative methods, such as generalization, systematization, comparison. The scientific novelty lies in studying personality traits of women with reproductive disorders on different levels of the organization of individuality. The conclusion is made that women struggling with psychogenic infertility (comparing to women with no such disorder) are characterized with the following personality traits on different levels of the organization of individuality: 1) on the physical level – distorted perception and dissatisfaction with their body; 2) on the personal (affective) level – high anxiety, both reactive and personal; alexithymia; rigidity; inclination to depressive disorders; 3) on the social (behavioral) level –  facing difficult life situations, women with reproductive disorders are not able to take responsibility, and often resort to such defense mechanisms as denial, avoidance, regression and projection.

Keywords: physical, defence mechanisms, aggression, personality characteristics, alexithimia, depression, anxiety, sterility, maternity, reproductive function

References:
Vasilenko T.D. Besplodie neyasnoy etiologii kak osobaya krizisnaya situatsiya neopredelennosti v zhizni zhenshchiny / T.D. Vasilenko, A.I. Blyum // Nauchnyy elektronnyy zhurnal INNOVA. ¹1 (6).-2017. S. 17-19.
Makaricheva E.V. Psikhicheskikh infantilizm i neob'yasnimoe besplodie / E.V. Makaricheva, V.D. Mendelevich // Sotsial'naya mi klinicheskaya psikhiatriya. 1996. ¹3. S. 29-33.
Filippova G.G. Narushenie reproduktivnoy funktsii i ikh svyaz' s narusheniyami v formirovanii materinskoy sfery / G.G. Filippova // Zhurnal prakticheskogo psikhologa. ¹4,5. 2003. S. 83–108
Filippova G.G. Problemy telesnosti v psikhologii reproduktivnoy sfery zhenshchiny / G.G. Filippova // Mezhdistsiplinarnye problemy psikhologii telesnosti: materialy mezhvedomstven. nauch.-praktich. konf. (Moskva, 20–21 oktyabrya 2004). M.: Izd-vo MGU, 2004. S. 367–379
Filippova G.G. Psikhosomaticheskiy podkhod k narusheniyu reproduktivnoy sfery cheloveka / G.G. Filippova // Reproduktivnye tekhnologii segodnya i zavtra: materialy XV mezhdunar. konf. RARCh (Cheboksary, 8–10 sentyabrya 2005 g): tezi

Abstract: The subject of this research is the coping behavior strategies within the structure of optical-spatial activity among the patients with chronic conditions of locomotor system. The theoretical parts of the article examines the topic of coping behavior in the context of somatic disease, optical-spatial activity, and interrelation between them. Analysis is conducted on the factors affecting the coping behavior in the normal and in the condition of illness. The author describes the significance of perception of own body in the formation of spatial functions within the framework of general development of cognitive functions and impact upon coping behavior. The empirical part of this work presents the results of survey that involved 60 respondents (men and women, aged from 18 to 60). The participants were divided into equal groups: control and empirical (which included patients with rheumatoid arthritis, Bekhterev's disease and psoriatic arthritis). The author describes the research results of coping behavior strategies, frustration responses, and state of cognitive functions; conducts qualitative analysis of interrelation between cognitive sphere and coping behavior. The main conclusion consists in determination of correlation between the disease of locomotor system and coping behavior due to the effect of pain upon spatial functions. The relevance of acquires results is substantiated by the need in psychological support of the patients with chronic conditions of locomotor system in order to promote a habit of following doctor’s recommendations and formation of adaptive coping strategies.

Keywords: rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, somatic disease situation, visual-spatial activity, coping, coping behavior, higher mental functions, concept, somatognosis

References:
Nartova-Bochaver S. K. Home Environment as a Resource of Coping Behaviour // Psychology. Journal of the Higher School of Economics. 2017. Vol. 14. No. 3. P. 555-566
Shilyaev V.A. Sovladayushchee povedenie u lits s ogranichennymi vozmozhnostyami zdorov'ya s raznymi tipami otnosheniya k bolezni//Filosofiya. Psikhologiya. Sotsiologiya. 2016. ¹ 3 (27). S.115-121.
Michael J. Proulx, Orlin S. Todorov, Amanda Taylor Aiken and Alexandra A. de Sousa Where am I? Who am I? The Relation Between Spatial Cognition, Social Cognition and Individual Differences in the Built Environment//Frontiers in Psychology | www.frontiersin.org. February 2016 | Volume 7 | Article 64
Simonova E.N., Yakupova S.P. Khronicheskiy bolevoy sindrom i ego osobennosti u patsientov s psoriaticheskim artritom // PM. 2016. ¹4 (96). S.100-101.
Tatarovskaya N.A. Osobennosti koping strategiy i kachestva zhizni patsientov s vibratsionnoy bolezn'yu// Nauchnyy rezul'tat. Seriya «Meditsina i farmatsiya». 2015. ¹2. S.12-20.
Trifonov D.A. Kontsept strategii sovladayushchego povedeniya

Abstract: An evident technological progress in the area of preservation of life and improvement of its quality, also due to dynamic development of transplantology, is accompanied by active antagonism towards this process, caused by diverse phenomena. In a number of cases, such attitudes are a threat to human life and wellbeing, although in some situations may manifest as the factors of healthy conservatism. Among these phenomena are the religious beliefs that take roots in the archaic “stages” of mental reality (which does not mean automatic inadequacy). All these occurrences require meticulous scientific examination. The authors apply multidisciplinary approach that includes in-depth psychological, religious, philosophical and medical approaches. The following conclusions were made: 1) among a significant amount of churched believers attributed to both Christian and Muslim faiths, the topic of transplantology is associated with a strong unconscious conflict; 2) this conflict is also referred to the sphere of archaic religiousness that partially relates to the perception of “shadow” sides of human psyche and to the “paranoid-schizoid” layer; 3) based on the aforementioned arguments, there is a need for conducting an additional large-scale research of defense mechanisms emerging in the context of perception of the phenomena of transplantology; 4) some believers should clarify the attitude on transplantology for themselves (either negative or positive); no obvious differences  are determined between the Orthodox or Muslim believers with regards to transplantology.

Keywords: Illusion, Defense mechanisms of the psyche, Archaic, Transplantology, Unconsciousness, Religion, Conflict, Consciousness, Horror, Participation

References:
Bogachev, A. M. Sotsial'no-psikhologicheskie aspekty otnosheniya k transplantologii v molodezhnoy srede / A. M. Bogachev // Vestnik transplantologii i iskusstvennykh organov. – 2019. – T. XXI, ¹S. – S. 185.
Klimusheva N.F., Baranskaya L.T., Shmakova T.V. Psikhologicheskie faktory razvitiya transplantologii // Meditsinskaya psikhologiya v Rossii: elektron. nauch. zhurn. – 2014. – ¹ 4(27), s.1014-1020
Klyayn M., Ayzeks S., Rayveri Dzh., Khaymann P. "Razvitie v psikhoanalize", M.: Akademicheskiy proekt, 2001 g. 511 s.
Klyayn M. Psikhoanaliticheskie trudy: v 6 t. / M. Klyayn; per. s angl. i nem. – T. 6: «Zavist' i blagodarnost'» i drugie raboty 1955-1963 gg. –2013. – XII, 318 s.
Klyayn, M. Lyubov', vina i reparatsiya. T. 2 Seriya: Psikhoanaliticheskie trudy Melani Klyayn, ERGO, 2007, 386 s.
Osnovy sotsial'noy kontseptsii Russkoy Pravoslavnoy Tserkvi // Ofitsial'nyy sayt Moskovskogo Patriarkhata. URL: http://www.patriarchia.ru/db/text/419128.html (Data obrashcheniya: 19.01.2020).
Patriarkh Kirill rasskazal ob otnoshenii RPTs k peresadke organov /

Abstract: The relevance of the research on aging well is substantiated by the demographic, socioeconomic and paradigm changes currently taking place in the world. This article presents analysis of the concept of “optimism” from the perspectives of Russian and foreign psychological concepts. Empirical research is conducted on dispositional optimism as a cognitive-attributive and value-semantic correlate of aging well. The goal of this work lies in assessment of quantitative parameters of optimism among elderly people, analysis of correlation of dispositional optimism with the demographic indexes and components of aging well. The method of studying the structure of aging well was developed in form of an original questionnaire “Index of Aging Well”, consisting of 70 points and allowing assessment of the level of subjective wellbeing, and evaluate it on seven subscales: health, financial wellbeing, social interaction, periodic prospects, work and hobby, personal growth and positive emotions, family. The identified positive correlations between optimism and social status, monthly income, health, financial wellbeing, work and hobby, personal growth and positive emotions, aging well indicator, and negative correlations between optimism and family status are juxtaposed to the empirical data that previously reported on the correlation of optimism with other psychological and social factors. The conclusion is made of the link between optimism and the level of subjective wellbeing among representatives of the elderly population. The conducted research may be of interest for specialists interacting with elderly people within the framework in psychological consulting and psychotherapeutic practice.

Keywords: subjective well-being, dispositional optimism, positive psychology, attributive style, optimism, gerontopsychology, successful aging, health psychology, late age, developmental psychology

References:
Gordeeva T.O. Optimism brings higher well-being, but lower academic achievement : New results and its application : Doklad na pervoy konferentsii po prikladnoy pozitivnoy psikhologii (18 – 20 aprelya 2007 g.). Uorvik, Velikobritaniya: Mn. 2009. S. 32 – 57.
Diener, E., Tay, L., Oishi, S. Rising Income and the Subjective Well – Being of Nations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 2012. October 29. P. 21 – 48.
Davis S.F., Hanson H., Edson R., Ziegler C. (in press). The relationship between optimism-pessimism, loneliness and level of Self-esteem in college students. College Student Journal. P. 1 – 35.
Tsirin D.A., Evnina K.Yu. Voprosy diagnostiki optimizma i pessimizma v kontekste teoriy dispozitsionnogo optimizma // Psikhologicheskie issledovaniya. 2013. T.6. ¹31. S. 105 – 116.
Sychev O.A. Psikhologiya optimizma. Biysk. BPGU im. V.M. Shukshina. 2008. 69s.
Utochkin N.A. Optimizm kak sotsial'no-psikhologicheskiy fenomen // Vestnik Tambovskogo universiteta. Ser. Gumanitarnye nauki. Issledovatel'skie proekty

Abstract: The subject of the research is the attitude to a socially dangerous act (SDA) demonstrated by patients sick with schizophrenia who are in compulsory treatment. The authors view the attitude to the SDA by analyzing the components of such attitude, i.e. emotional, motivational-behavioral and cognitive aspects. The research focuses on efficient rehabilitation of schizophrenic patients who are held for compulsory treatment at psychiatric hospital. The aim of the research is to analyze peculiarities of the attitude to the socially dangerous act demonstrated by schizophrenic patients in compulsory treatment. The research methods include hermeneutical method that implies analysis of respondents' hospital charts and conversations with patients using a structured interview developed by the author according to the components of the attitude to the socially dangerous act. The authors process the results using the cluster analysis and association analysis based on Pearson's chi square in the STATISTICA 12.0 software. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the authors define peculiarities of schizophrenic patients' attitude to the SDA, offer their classification of attitudes to the socially dangerous act which allows to complete conceptual and methodological bases of the differential assessment and risk prediction for schizophrenic patients who have committed socially dangerous acts before and may commit them in the future. The classification offered by the authors include the following categories of patients: guilty of the SDA, not guilty of the SDA, was abusing alcohol or drugs at the moment of the SDA. The classification offers to better maintain psychological support of compulsory treatment for such patients. At the end of the article the authors conclude that it is very important to consider peculiar attitudes of schizophrenic patients to the socially dangerous act in order to maintain a steady remission and prevent the commitment of socially dangerous acts in the future. 

Keywords: criminal history, components of the relationship, rehabilitation, psychological support, psychocorrection, criticality, socially dangerous act, attitude to the SDA, compulsory treatment, schizophrenic patients

References:
Shostakovich B. V. Osnovy sudebnoy psikhiatrii / B. V. Shostakovich. – M.: Izd-vo IDUGV VShE, 2005. – 224 s.
Yur'eva L. N. Reabilitatsiya bol'nykh shizofreniey, sovershivshikh obshchestvenno-opasnye deyaniya / L. N. Yur'eva. – Kiev, 1996. – 146 s.
Belopol'skaya N.L. Patopsikhologiya / Sost. N. L. Belopol'skaya. – 2-e izd., ispr. i dop. – M.: Kogito-Tsentr, 2000. – 289 s
Zeygarnik B. V. Patopsikhologiya / B. V. Zeygarnik. – M.: Izd-vo MGU, 2009. – 286 s.
Safuanov F. S. Psikhologiya kriminal'noy agressii / F.S. Safuanov. – M.: Smysl 2003. – 300 s.
Vasil'ev V. L. Yuridicheskaya psikhologiya: uchebnik dlya vuzov. – 6-e izd., stereotip. – Spb.: Piter, 2012. – 608 s. "
Mamaychuk I. I. Metodologicheskie i metodicheskie problemy sudebno-psikhologicheskoy ekspertizy // Vestnik SPbGU. Seriya 12. – 2011. – Vyp. 3. – S. 196-206.
Berezantsev A. Yu. Sudebnaya psikhiatriya: uchebnik dlya bakalavriata i spetsialiteta. – 3-e izd., pererab. i dop. – M.: Izdatel'stvo Yurayt, 2018. – 539 s.
Myasishchev V. N. Psikhologiya otnosheniy / V. N. Myasishchev. 4-e izd., M.:

Abstract: In her article Glazkova presents the results of an empirical research of the intensity of alexithemia demonstrated by the first-year college students. The researcher analyzes the phenomenon of alexithymia from the psychological point of view as one of the most important factors of mental illness and emotional disturbances. The object of the research is the intensity of alexithymia of teenagers. The subject of the research is the peculiarities of alexithymia demonstrated by teenagers depending on their place of residence (urban or country-side), age, gender, and Academic Grade Average. Glazkova has used the following research methods: review of literary sources, questionnaire (gender, age, place of residence before college, grade average); and Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) as a measure of deficiency in understanding, processing, or describing emotions. The results of the empirical research demonstrate the following: students younger than 16 years old, mainly young men who live in city and have high Academic Grade Average are more inclined to alexithymia. According to the researcher, alexithytmia prevention should include psychological and pedagogical measures. It is also important to take into account that teenager age is one of those periods when the emotional sphere is finally formed and personal features such as alexithymia are fixed. Therefore, it is very importtant to do everything possible to avoid the development of the problem personality. The results of the empirical research can be used to provide efficient treatment and prevention of this phenomenon. 

Keywords: rural mentality, urban mentality, experiences, feelings, emotions, teenagers, personal characteristic, alexithymic status, alexithymia, psychosocial phenomenon

References:
Brel' E.Yu. Aleksitimiya v strukture «prakticheski zdorovoy» lichnosti // Sibirskiy psikhologicheskiy zhurnal. 2018. ¹67. S. 89-101
Brel' E.Yu., Stoyanova I.Ya. Kharakteristika aleksitimii v kontekste psikhicheskogo zdorov'ya // Vestnik Kemerovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 2018. ¹1. S. 102-108
Voronko E.V., Marishchuk L.V. Emotsional'naya sfera lichnosti studentov, stradayushchikh aleksitimiey // Aktual'nye problemy gumanitarnykh i sotsial'no-ekonomicheskikh nauk. 2017. T.11. ¹7. S. 82-86
Glazkova Yu.V. Profilaktika aleksitimii posredstvom razvitiya emotsional'nogo intellekta // Uchenye zapiski ZabGU. 2017. T.12. ¹5. S. 128-133
Zaytsev D.V., Selivanova Yu.V. Psikhosotsial'nye aspekty vzaimosvyazi aleksitimii i addiktsiy u molodezhi // Izvestiya Saratovskogo universiteta. Novaya seriya. Seriya: Filosofiya. Psikhologiya. Pedagogika. 2017. T.17. ¹1. S. 62-66
Iskusnykh A.Yu. Spektr psikhologicheskikh zashchit u studentov s aleksitimiey // Tsentral'nyy nauchnyy vestnik. 2017. T.2. ¹14 (31). S.9
Komarova E.N., Luk'yanova A.A. Individual'no-psikholo

Abstract: The subject of the research is the difficulties in context processing and how these difficulties may be overcome by borderline and schizotypic patients which can be used as psychodiagnostic criteria. Different ways of updating the social context have been implemented, depending on the varying conditions of presentation of the stimulus material and its emotional charge. The study involved 110 respondents: 20 patients with personality disorder, 20 respondents with neurotic disorder, 20 patients with schizotypal disorder and 50 patients without mental illness. A modified version of the experimental method “Exclusion of objects” was used with two series of samples suggesting variation of semantic relations between objects and strengthening of hidden, connotative, emotionally loaded properties of objects; pathopsychological experiment; cognitive style research techniques. The main findings of the study describe the differential mechanisms of violation of contextual processing in borderline mental pathology and schizotypal disorder in their connection with the characteristics of cognitive styles. Different mechanisms of violation of contextual processing (emotional dysregulation experienced by respondents with personality disorder and contextual disintegration experienced by patients with schizotypical disorder) are shown empirically in the absence of violations in the sample of neurotic disorder and the control group.

Keywords: emotional dysregulation, social experience, subjective mediation, generalization, thinking, context processing, schizotypic disorder, borderline mental disorders, contextual integration, cognitive styles

References:
Aleksandrovskiy Yu.A. Pogranichnye psikhicheskie rasstroystva // Rossiyskiy psikhoterapevticheskiy zhurnal. 2014. ¹ 1. S. 22-31.
Smulevich A.B. Maloprogredientnaya shizofreniya i pogranichnye psikhicheskie sostoyaniya. M.: Medpress-inform, 2017. 304 s.
Van Riel L. et al. Borderline or Schizotypal? Differential Psychodynamic Assessment in Severe Personality Disorders //Journal of psychiatric practice. 2017. T. 23. ¹. 2. R. 101-113.
Yang E. et al. Visual context processing in schizophrenia //Clinical Psychological Science. 2013. T. 1. ¹ 1. R. 5-15.
Tibber M. S. et al. Visual surround suppression in schizophrenia //Frontiers in Psychology. 2013. T. 4.
Notredame C. E. et al. What visual illusions teach us about schizophrenia //Frontiers in integrative neuroscience. 2014. T. 8.
Ibañez A., Manes F. Contextual social cognition and the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia //Neurology. 2012. T. 78. ¹ 17. R. 1354-1362.
Baez S. et al. Contextual social cognition impairments in schizophrenia and bipola

Abstract: The subject of the research is the features of the cognition and affection in the internal picture of the disease of patients with neurological disorders. The object of the research is the structural elements of the internal picture of the disease as it is presented in the characteristics of the affective sphere (attitude to the disease, presence of anxiety and depressive symptoms) and cognitive sphere (attitude to the disease, basic cognitive ideas about the disease) of patients with neurological pathology (based on the the example of patients with Parkinson's disease (G20), multiple sclerosis (G35), spinal osteochondrosis (M42), consequences of a stroke (I67), dizziness and instability (R42)). The following methods and techniques are used: anamnestic survey,  set of psychodiagnostic methods ("Type of attitude to the disease", "Questionnaire of cognitive ideas about the disease", "Hospital anxiety and depression scale") and methods of mathematical statistics. The features of the cognitive and emotional spheres in the internal picture of the disease of each nosological group are determined. An ambiguous combination of types of attitude towards the disease was found in the presented clinical groups (ergopathic, anosognosic and anxious types prevail); the presence of various basic cognitive strategies with a predominance of the strategy of “perception of the benefits of the disease”; differences in the severity of (clinical and subclinical) anxiety and depression. It has been revealed that the changes associated with the presence of neurological pathology are most clearly manifested in the features of the cognitive and emotional sphere of ICD patients, which is important for the clinical and psychological work with patients. 

Keywords: multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, depression, anxiety, basic concepts, spinal osteochondrosis, internal picture of the disease, disease attitude, effects of stroke, dizziness and instability

References:
Zigmond A.C., Snaith R.P. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale // Acta Psychiatr. Scand, 1983. – Vol. 67. – P. 361-370.
Neurological disorders: public health challenges // WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data. – World Health Organization, 2006. – 232 r.
First WHO ministerial conference on global action against dementia: meeting report // WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data. – WHO Headquarters, Geneva, Switzerland, 2015. – P. 28.
Russkikh O.A. Vnutrennyaya kartina bolezni i vnutrennyaya kartina zdorov'ya v risunkakh patsientov s posledstviyami insul'ta // Vestnik Prikamskogo sotsial'nogo instituta. –2016. – ¹ 1 (73). – S. 60-63.
Sirota N.A., Moskovchenko D.V. Psikhodiagnostika bazisnykh ubezhdeniy o bolezni (rezul'taty aprobatsii russkoyazychnoy versii oprosnika kognitivnykh predstavleniy o bolezni) // Natsional'nyy psikhologicheskiy zhurnal. – 2014. – ¹2(14). – S. 70–79. – doi: 10.11621/npj.2014.0209.
Trukhanova I.G., Lisetskiy K.S., Kirillov V.I., Nagoga A.G. Psikhologicheskie aspekty reabilitatsi

Abstract: The article provides an analysis of literature data, which makes it possible to substantiate the assumption that the art-therapeutic neurographic technique causes a positive effect in everyday and, importantly, in clinical practice, and also makes it clear that the individual steps of the algorithm are reasonable from the point of view of the physiological effect on the stress response. Neuro-graphics stand out from a number of art-therapeutic methods due to the presence of a clear algorithm and accessibility even for those who have no habits of skill and even a penchant for drawing. The author of the article considers the individual steps of the algorithm in the light of modern scientific data on the effect of drawing techniques in clinical practice and gives its own data of the initiated research on the effects of neurography when working with women undergoing chemotherapy in relation to oncological diagnosis. The article is a literary review of publications of Russian and foreign studies on the use of art therapy, in particular drawing, in situations of stress. To study the effects of neurography in the practice of working with oncological patients, methods were chosen that assess levels of stress, anxiety, depression, mood, and quality of life. The main conclusion of the literature review and practical results of use is that neurography has the ability to activate the maximum number of points of impact on stress reduction and helps to change the subjective perception of the situation, to form new ideas that enable a person to take qualitatively new actions. Such effects may be useful in a clinical setting, including in cancer patients.

Keywords: clinical art-therapy, integrative psychotherapy, psycho-oncology, basic algorithm of neurographica, cortisol, distress, clinical psycology, neurographica, art-therapy, psychosomatic

References:
Bozovic, D., Racic, M., & Ivkovic, N. Salivary cortisol levels as a biological marker of stress reaction. Medical Archives. 2013, vol. 67, p. 374–377. doi:10.5455/medarh.2013.67.374-377
Galvin, J. A., Benson, H., Deckro, G. R., Fricchione, G. L., & Dusek, J. A. The relaxation response: Reducing stress and improving cognition in healthy aging adults. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice. 2006, vol. 12, p. 186–191. doi:10.1016/j. ctcp.2006.02.0047
Girija Kaimal, Kendra Ray & Juan Muniz. Reduction of Cortisol Levels and Participants' Responses Following Art Making, Art Therapy. 2016, vol. 33:2, p. 74-80, DOI: 10.1080/07421656.2016.1166832
Eaton, J. Tieber, C.) The Effects of Coloring on Anxiety, Mood, and Perseverance, Art Therapy. 2017, vol. 34:1, p. 42-46, DOI: 10.1080/07421656.2016.1277113
Engelmann, Mario & Landgraf, Rainer & Wotjak, Carsten. The hypothalamic-neurohypophysial system regulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis under stress: an old concept revisited. Frontiers in neu

Abstract: Personality pathology that used to be called 'psychopathy' before and currently called 'personailty disorder' is the core phenomenon in psychic pathology that deals with borderline disorders but closely relates to endogeneous disorders. Still, this disorder still remains very unclear for clinicists, especially when it comes to its etiology, pathogenesis and even clinical borders. In such cases, O. Kerbikov believed it would be reasonable to appeal to the historical side of the issue and analyze certain discussion points that have been risen as personality pathology developed. The authors of the research analyze the origin of the term 'psychopathy' and focus on Russian priorities in the history of teaching about psychopathy. In Russia, V. Kandinsky was the first to describe psychopathy. According to O. Kerbikov, besides I. Balinsky who gave a definition of psychopathy, there should have been at least three names being recalled when we speak of psychopathy. These are V. Kandinsky, O. Chechotta and I. Balinsky, each of them made their own very special contribution to the research of psychopathy. For example, O. Chechott introduced the term 'psychopathy' into judicial psychiatry, I. Balinsky promoted the term among lawyers and others and defined psychopathy as an individual clinical phenomenon, and V. Kandinsky gave an in-depth description of personality pathology. 

Keywords: a priority, teachings, behavior, expertise, psychiatry, pioneer, history, personality disorder, psychopathy, criteria

References:
Kannabikh Yu.V. Istoriya psikhiatrii [Tekst] / Yu.V. Kannabikh. – L.: Gosudarstvennoe meditsinskoe izdatel'stvo, 1928. – 435 s.
Kandinskiy V.Kh. K voprosu o nevmenyaemosti [Tekst] / V.Kh. Kandinskiy. – SPb.: Izd. E.K.Kandinskoy, 1890. – 283 s.
Dmitrieva T.B., Oskolkova S.N., Fastovtsov G.A. Gumanizatsiya sudebnoy psikhiatrii: istoriya i vozrozhdenie traditsiy [Tekst] // Psikhicheskoe zdorov'e. – 2011. – T. 9. ¹ 11 (66). – S. 82–89.
Gofman A.G. K voprosu ob osveshchenii istorii otechestvennoy psikhiatrii [Tekst] / A.G. Gofman // Nezavisimyy psikhiatricheskiy zhurnal. – 2014. – ¹ IV. – S. 88–89.
Gilyarovskiy V.A. Psikhiatriya [Tekst] / V.A. Gilyarovskiy. – M.: Kniga po Trebovaniyu, 2011. – 758 c.
Gindikin V.Ya. Ocherki istorii pogranichnoy sovetskoy psikhiatrii v vospominaniyakh psikhiatra [Tekst] / V. Ya. Gindikin. – Moskva, 2007. – 175 s.
Gannushkin P.B. Klinika psikhopatiy: ikh statika, dinamika, sistematika [Tekst] / P.B. Gannushkin. – Sever, 1933. – 143 s.
Balinskiy I.M. Lektsii po psikhiatrii [Tekst] / I.M. Balinskiy. – L.: Medgi

Abstract: The subject of the research is the formation of stress resistance to extreme situations that may be experienced by penitentiary officers during their service. Stress resistance is formed through combined effect of psychological training and audovisual stimulation. This research is the health psychology type of research and aimed at developing particular methods for psychological support and prevention of stress that may be experienced by penitentiary officers in extreme situations. The researchers create and test a psychological support program aimed at forming stress resistance of penitentiary officers. This program is usedat psychological centers of penitentiary organisations. Based on the aims and objectives ot the empirical research, the authors have used assessment methods, educational experiment, methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis of empirical data. The scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the authors obtain new scientific data about developing stress resistance by teaching self-regulation skills and developing life-sense orientations. As a result of this program's approbation, the researchers have discovered that combination of training and audiovisual stimulation proves to be more efficient in formation of stress resistance as a mental health resource and significantly increases such indicators as life-sense orientations and stress resistance. 

Keywords: extreme professions, life-sense orientations, forming a stress resistance, psychological support program, penitentiary system, audiovisual stimulation, stress, health psychology, training, approbation

References:
Gridneva, A.A., Meshcheryakova, E.I. Adaptatsionnye resursy lichnosti v ekstremal'nykh usloviyakh professional'noy deyatel'nosti (na primere rabotnikov penitentsiarnoy sistemy) // Psikhologiya i Psikhotekhnika. — 2017.-¹ 1.-S.85-95. DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2017.1.23102. URL: http://e-notabene.ru/ppp/article_23102.html
Zozulya, G.A., Krasnoshchechenko, I.P., Fetiskin, N.P. Znachimost' dominantnosti reprezentativnykh sistem v adaptivnosti k polimodal'nym ekstremal'no-deyatel'nostnym usloviyam // Materialy I-y Vserossiyskoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem «Lichnost', intellekt, metakognitsii: issledovatel'skie podkhody i obrazovatel'nye praktiki», 20-21 maya 2016 g., Kaluga, Rossiya. Kaluga, 2016. S. 454-462.
Instruktsiya po ekspluatatsii priborov Photosonix. Registratsionnyy nomer deklaratsii o sootvetstvii: TC N RU D-US.AL16.V.45426. – Vved. 2015-01-28.-Microfirm. Inc.. – 2015. – 13 s.
Larionova, A.V., Gorchakova, O.Yu., Meshcheryakova, E.I. Psikhologiya professionalizatsii predstaviteley ekstremal'nykh vidov deyatel'nost

Abstract: The subject of the present research is the dependence of generalisation process distortion on external contextual factors (task settings) of patients suffering from paranoid schizophrenia and its relation to the deficit of specific, socially important and typical internal context. Within the framework of this article external context is viewed as conditions for task presentation, internal context is viewed as the structure of semantic representations of social experience. The authors employ different ways of internal context actualisation depending on variable conditions of stimulus material presentation. The research involved 20 patients suffering from paranoid schizophrenia and 21 mentally healthy respondents. The authors have applied a modified version of the Cross-Out the Odd Item Test with two sample sets that imply variation of semantic connections between items and intensification of hidden, connotative, emotionally charged features of items. The authors demonstrate the growth of external semantic context due to sensibilization of relevant semantic connections between items influenced by actualisation of subjective features as essentials in the process of generalisation in both groups of patients and mentally healthy respondents. In a group of patients suffering from paranoid schizophrenia generalisation errors are caused by the deficit of specific, socially important, typical internal context while objective social typical context remains mostly the same. Patients have difficulty processing negative emotional context when making generalisations. This difficulty creates affective disorganisation and purposeless answers. 

Keywords: affective disorganization, social experience, emotional context, connotative property, generalization, internal context, external context, context effect, context processing, schizophrenia

References:
Polyakov Yu.F. Patologiya poznavatel'noy deyatel'nosti pri shizofrenii. M.: Meditsina, 1974. 168 s.
Baez S. et al. Contextual social cognition impairments in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder //PLoS One. 2013. T. 8. ¹ 3. S. e57664.
Ibañez A., Manes F. Contextual social cognition and the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia //Neurology. 2012. T. 78. ¹ 17. S. 1354-1362.
Lee J. et al. An intact social cognitive process in schizophrenia: situational context effects on perception of facial affect //Schizophrenia bulletin. 2012. T. 39. ¹ 3. S. 640-647.
Sergi M.J., Green M.F. Social perception and early visual processing in schizophrenia // Schizophrenia research. 2003. T. 59. ¹ 2. R. 233-241.
Sergi M.J. et al. Social perception as a mediator of the influence of early visual processing on functional status in schizophrenia // American Journal of Psychiatry. 2006. T. 163. ¹ 3. R. 448-454.
Chung Y. S., Mathews J. R., Barch D. M. The effect of context processing on different aspects of social

Abstract: The subject of the research is the adaptative resources of personality in extreme conditions of professional activity demonstrated by penitentiary officers (in terms of their professional identity, resiliency, and subjectively perceived social, psychological and physical well-being). The object of the research is the stress reactions of extreme activity officers (based on the case study of penitentiary officers). The research is based on the concept of the psychology of health and oriented at developing guidelines for preparing health saving and health developing technologies and stress prevention programs to overcome stress reactions experienced in extreme conditions by penitentiary officers. Using the methods of statistical analysis and psychological tests, the authors examine the role of personality traits, life values, and motives for professional activity in the structure of life quality and distress causing factors. The scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the authors view adaptational resources of personality as precipitant factors in the model of stress condition development. As a result of the research, the authors define that penitentiary officers have a developed system of life values. Reliliency, subjective social, psychological and physical well-being viewed by the authors as adaptational resources, do not relate to personal traits of penitentiary officers but relate to one's attitudes to control and desire to lead a productive activity and life. 

Keywords: organizational stress, the quality of life, hardiness, psychology of health, extreme activity, adaptation resources, semantic-life orientations, penitentiary system, constraints, UIS employees

References:
Slabinskiy, V.Yu. Individual'no-psikhologicheskie kharakteristiki professional'nogo vygoraniya u ekologov v svete psikhologii otnosheniy V.N. Myasishcheva / V.Yu. Slabinskiy, N.M. Voishcheva // Nauchno-teoreticheskiy zhurnal «Uchenye zapiski»-2014.-¹ 9 (115). - S. 207-217.
Psikhologiya zdorov'ya: uchebnik dlya vuzov / pod redaktsiey G.S. Nikiforova. — SPb.: Piter, 2003. —607 s.
Raspopin, E.V. Psikhologicheskaya ustoychivost' k vneshnim i vnutrennim istochnikam stressa (na primere sotrudnikov ugolovno-ispolnitel'noy sistemy).: Avtoreferat dissertatsii na soiskanie uchenoy stepeni kandidata psikhologicheskikh nauk – Ekaterinburg.-2013. - 24 s.
Nikolaev, E.L. Adaptatsiya i adaptatsionnyy potentsial lichnosti: sootnoshenie sovremennykh issledovatel'skikh podkhodov / E.L. Nikolaev, E.Yu. Lazareva // Vestnik psikhiatrii i psikhologii Chuvashii. – 2013.-¹ 9.-S.18-32.
Maleychuk, G.I. Metodika diagnostiki stepeni samoidentichnosti kak kriteriya psikhologicheskogo zdorov'ya / G.I. Maleychuk // Psikhologicheskiy zhurnal. – 2009.-¹4.-S.35-41.
Molchanova, L.N. Zhiznes

Abstract: There is a growing number of children who suffer from autism. Experts even write about a mental epidemic. However, the phenomenon of autism still remains a mystery. There is a huge amount of empirical data collected and lots of counsulting and rehabilitation methods developed and yet, the general picture of the disease is still unclear. Previous ideas aobut 'defectiveness' of autists make us feel that they are 'different'. These children see the world in a different way. They see us different from what we see ourselves to boe like. Signals coming to their minds from their senses are like disconnected and unstructured elements. Their special type of reality perception excites our imagination due to a so-called quantum paradigm that suggests there are a lot of worlds we exist in. Mankova bases her research on psychological and philosophical researches and provide examples from her own clinical practice. Experts believe that in order to become normal, autists need to experience a so-called numinous feeling that allows them to get rid of their feeling of loneliness. The author also concludes that autists leave some anthropological gaps uncovered. In particular, they have not overcome the stages of developing speech competence and operating with symbols. 
 

Keywords: symbol, personality, genius, abilities, autistic thinking, speech, emotional disorders, schizophrenia, autism, human

References:
Bleyler E. Affektivnost', vnushenie, paranoyya. M.: Tsentr psikhol. kul'tury, 2001. 206 s.
Girenok F.I. Autografiya yazyka i soznaniya. M.: MGIU, 2010. 247 s.
Girenok F.I. Udovol'stvie myslit' inache. M.: Akademicheskiy proekt, 2008. 235 s.
Gurevich P.S. Prakticheskaya psikhologiya dlya vsekh: Klinicheskiy psikhoanaliz. M.: Kanon+ ROOI «Reabilitatsiya», 2017. 448 s.
Kosilova E.V. O sud'bakh sub'ektov: otnoshenie «Sub'ekt – Drugie»: formirovanie, adekvatnost', autizm. M.: LENAND, 2016. 446 s.
Leont'ev A.N. Deyatel'nost'. Soznanie. Lichnost'. M.: Smysl: Academia, 2004. 345 s.
Lif R. Idet rabota: strategii raboty s povedeniem, uchebnyy plan intensivnoy povedencheskoy terapii pri autizme. M.: Tolkachev L.L.: Dizayn byuro Mediokriti, 2016. 596 s.
Piters T. Autizm ot teoreticheskogo ponimaniya k pedagogicheskomu vozdeystviyu. SPb.: Institut spetsial'noy pedagogiki i psikhologii, 1999. 192 s.
Yaspers K. Obshchaya psikhopatologiya. M.: Praktikum, 1997. 1053 s.

Abstract: The subject of the research is the process of developing adaptive behaviour of children with disabilities under the conditions of inclusive education. The object of the research is the inclusive education as a factor of developing adaptive behavior of children with disabilities. The purpose of the research is to study factors that influence the dynamics of changes in the levels of agression and anxiety of pre-school children with disabilities when they are involved in the system of inclusive education. Inclusion of pre-school with visual impairments into the general education process is a stress factor for them. The research methods included: 1) observing anxiety of children method offered by P. Baker and M. Alvord; 2) Child's Aggression Level Inventory offered by G. Lavrentieva and T. Titarenko. When the preschool children in inclusive education, both children with visual impairments and other children have problems related to the difference in perception, change of usual environment, and etc. The conclusion of the research is that inclusive education has significant potential for increasing the levels of anxiety and aggression of children with disabilities. However, in order to realize this potential, it is necessary to carry out a timely assistance aimed at developing social competence of pre-schoolers with visual impairements and pre-schoolers without those before transferring to inclusive education. The objectives of such assistance should include development of skills and knowledge that reduce aggression and anxiety of children and who will attend inclusive education groups and their parents.

Keywords: features of adaptation, visual impairment, anxiety, aggression, inclusive group, inclusive education, inclusion, children with disabilities, difference of perception, social competence

References:
Gileva N. S. Sozdanie predmetno-razvivayushchey sredy dlya detey s ogranichennymi vozmozhnostyami zdorov'ya // Molodoy uchenyy.-2015.-¹10.-S. 1128-1139.
Zdravookhranenie v Rossii. 2015: Stat.sb./Rosstat.-M., 2015.-174 s.
Deniskina V.Z. Osobye obrazovatel'nye potrebnosti, obuslovlennye narusheniyami zreniya i ikh vtorichnymi posledstviyami. // Zhurnal «Defektologiya».-2012.-¹5.-S. 3-12.
Yokhna N.A., Popelyushko R.P. Faktory vzaimodeystviya shkoly i sem'i rebenka s osobennostyami psikhofizicheskogo razvitiya // Inklyuzivnoe obrazovanie: problemy i perspektivy: sbornik nauchnykh trudov po materialam mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii «Setevoe vzaimodeystvie universitetov s sotsial'nymi partnerami v oblasti inklyuzivnogo obrazovaniya: mezhdunarodnyy i regional'nyy aspekt» (Velikiy Novgorod, 19-21 maya 2014 goda) / sost. E.V. Ivanov; NovGU im. Yaroslava Mudrogo. – Velikiy Novgorod:, 2014. – 448 s.-S.256-264.
Semenaka S.I. Sotsial'no-psikhologicheskaya adaptatsiya rebenka v obshchestve. Korrektsionno-razvivayushchie zanyatiya.-M.: ARKTIKA, 200