Abstract: The current crisis of the transfer of historical experience conditions the importance of the subject under
research chosen by the author: analysis of historical memory, socio-cultural and psychological mechanisms of intergeneration
transfer of traumatic experience and their role in formation of the identity of the second generation of survivors
in Israel and Eastern Europe after the Holocaust. Special attention is paid to psychological defense mechanisms
aimed at restoring national identity that were activated in the process of transfer of traumatic experience at different
stages of the development of Israeli society’s attitudes towards the Holocaust, especially that of the Jewish people
in Eastern Europe. The authors also discuss stages of integration of traumatic experience into the national identity
structure. The research was carried out at the interface between different research methodologies and involved the
methods of comparative cultural historical analysis, clinical psychological reflection based on acute social phenomena
as well as phenomenological methods of studying evidence and life stories. Based on the results of the comparative
analysis, the authors show the complexity and sensitivity of the process of overcoming traumatic experience and describe
stages of integration of traumatic experience into the historical memory and peculiarities of formation of the
second generation identity. The research of social and psychological mechanisms of identity formation has allowed
to define both differences and similarities in how people deal with the memory of traumatic events in different social
cultural environments. The authors show that despite common attempts to institutionalize the Holocaust experience,
there had been a number of problems related its transfer and integration which was later accompanied with different
types of defense mechanisms in other succeeding generations. Individual inter-generation transfer of experience has
created a complex internal dialogue in the minds and national identities of the second generation. The authors conclude
that the phenomenon of national identity is included both in the historical memory (including different ideological
transformations) and socio-cultural situation of modern times which creates particular types of memories, their
understanding and ideological interpretations.
Keywords: historical memory, identity, traumatic experience, intergeneration transfer, the Holocaust, the second generation, cultural historical analysis, Israel, Eastern Europe, clinical psychology.
Contact information: Burlakova Natalya Semenovna, 111501, Russia, Moscow, Mokhovaya str. 11, bld. 9.
References:
Zelizer B. Visual Culture and Holocaust. Rutgers University Press, 2001. 1. S. 156−183. Burlakova N.S., Oleshkevich V.I. Psikhologicheskaya kontseptsiya identichnosti E. Eriksona v zerkale lichnoy istorii avtora. Monografiya. M.: OOO «IPTs «Maska»», 2011. Burlakova N.S., Oleshkevich V.I. Urovni kul'turno-istoricheskogo analiza v klinicheskoy psikhologii // Vopr. Psikhologii, 2012, ¹ 6. S. 33-45. Gudkov L. D.«Pamyat'» o voyne i massovaya identichnost' rossiyan // Neprikosnovennyy zapas (elektr.zhurnal). 2005. ¹ 2 – 3 (40 – 41). URL: http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2005/2/gu5.html (data obrashcheniya: 17.02.2014) Gudkov L.D. Negativnaya identichnost'. M.: NLO, 2004. Gurevich, P. S. Problema identichnosti cheloveka v filosofskoy antropologii // Voprosy sotsial'noy teorii: Nauchnyy al'manakh. 2010. Tom IV. Chelovek v poiskakh identichnosti / Pod red. Yu.M. Reznika i M.V. Tlostanovoy. M.: Assotsiatsiya «Mezhdistsiplinarnoe obshchestvo sotsial'noy teorii», 2010. S. 63-87. Gurevich, P. S. Identichnost' – privilegiya cheloveka // Gumanitarnye nauki. Vestnik Finansovogo universiteta. Nauchno-obrazovatel'nyy zhurnal. 2011. ¹ 2. S. 36-47. Gurevich P. S. Kul'turologiya. M.: «Yuniti», 2008. Emel'yanova T.P. Sotsial'noe predstavlenie kak instrument kollektivnoy pamyati (na primere vospominaniy o Velikoy Otechestvennoy voyne). Psikhologicheskiy zhurnal, 2002, 23(4), 56–66. Zaytseva O. Nachal'nye etapy formirovaniya pamyati o Kholokoste (1948-1962 gg.). Evreyskoe obrazovanie, ¹1–2 (2004), s. 201-244. Yeyts F. Iskusstvo pamyati. SPb.: Fond podderzhki nauki i obrazovaniya «Universitetskaya kniga», 1997. Istoriya i pamyat' / Pod red. L.P. Repinoy. M.: Krug', 2006. Mamardashvili M.K. Opyt fizicheskoy metafiziki (Vil'nyusskie lektsii po sotsial'noy filosofii). M.: Progress-Traditsiya, 2008. Meshcherkina E. Povsednevnost' v biografii i ustnoy istorii // Ob'yat' obyknovennoe: Povsednevnost' kak tekst po-amerikanski i po-russki: Materialy VI Fulbraytovskoy gumanitarnoy letney shkoly / Pod red. T.D. Venediktovoy. M.: Izd-vo MGU, 2004. S. 145-162. Nora P. Vsemirnoe torzhestvo pamyati // Neprikosnovennyy zapas (elektr.zhurnal). 2005. ¹ 2–3 (40 – 41). URL: http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2005/2/nora22.html (data obrashcheniya: 17.02.2014) Repina L.P. Istoricheskaya pamyat' i sovremennaya istoriografiya // Novaya i noveyshaya istoriya. 2004. ¹ 5. S. 39 – 51. Rubinshteyn A. Ot Gertslya do Rabina i dal'she. Minsk, «MET», 2002. Stefanenko T.G. Etnicheskaya identichnost': ot etnologii k sotsial'noy psikhologii// Vestn. Mosk. Un-ta. Ser.14. Psikhologiya. 2009, ¹ 2. S.3-17. Tompson P. Golos proshlogo. Ustnaya istoriya. M.: Ves' mir, 2003. Fromm E. Zdorovoe obshchestvo. M.:AST, AST MOSKVA: KhRANITEL', 2006. Khal'bvaks M. Kollektivnaya i istoricheskaya pamyat' // Neprikosnovennyy zapas (elektr.zhurnal). 2005. ¹ 2–3 (40 – 41). URL: http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2005/2/ha2.html Khatton P. Istoriya kak iskusstvo pamyati. SPb.: Vladimir Dal', 2003. Khorni K. Nevroticheskaya lichnost' nashego vremeni. M.: Akademicheskiy proekt, 2009. Erikson E. Detstvo i obshchestvo. M.: Progress, 1996. Yung K.G. Sovremennost' i budushchee. Minsk: «Universitetskoe», 1992. Bergmann M.S. Reflections on the psychological and social functions of remembering the Holocaust. Psychoanalytic Inquiry, 1985, 5, r.9-20. Browining C. Collected Memories. Holocaust History and Postwar Testimonies. Madison, WI; The University of Wisconsin Press, 2003. Abramson G., Drama and Ideology in modern Israel. Cambridge University Press, 1998. Gills , J.R. Memory and Identity: The History of a Relationship. In: Gills , J.R. (ed.) Commemoration: The Politics of National Identity. Princeton, NJ: Princeton UP, 1994. Loshitsky Y. Identity Politics on Israeli Screen. University of Texas Press, 2001. Sagi N. German Reparations Negotiations. Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 1980. Solomon Z. From Denial to Recognition: Attitudes to Holocaust Survivors. Journal of Traumatic Stress 8, no. 2 (April 1995): pp. 215 – 228. Zelizer B. Visual Culture and Holocaust. Rutgers University Press, 2001.
Solomon Z. From Denial to Recognition: Attitudes to Holocaust Survivors. Journal of Traumatic Stress 8, no. 2 (April 1995): pp. 215 – 228.
Sagi N. German Reparations Negotiations. Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 1980.
Loshitsky Y. Identity Politics on Israeli Screen. University of Texas Press, 2001.
Gills , J.R. Memory and Identity: The History of a Relationship. In: Gills , J.R. (ed.) Commemoration: The Politics of National Identity. Princeton, NJ: Princeton UP, 1994.
Abramson G., Drama and Ideology in modern Israel. Cambridge University Press, 1998.
Browining C. Collected Memories. Holocaust History and Postwar Testimonies. Madison, WI; The University of Wisconsin Press, 2003.
Bergmann M.S. Reflections on the psychological and social functions of remembering the Holocaust. Psychoanalytic Inquiry, 1985, 5, r.9-20.
Yung K.G. Sovremennost' i budushchee. Minsk: «Universitetskoe», 1992.
Khorni K. Nevroticheskaya lichnost' nashego vremeni. M.: Akademicheskiy proekt, 2009.
Erikson E. Detstvo i obshchestvo. M.: Progress, 1996.
Khatton P. Istoriya kak iskusstvo pamyati. SPb.: Vladimir Dal', 2003.
Khal'bvaks M. Kollektivnaya i istoricheskaya pamyat' // Neprikosnovennyy zapas (elektr.zhurnal). 2005. ¹ 2–3 (40 – 41). URL: http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2005/2/ha2.html
Fromm E. Zdorovoe obshchestvo. M.:AST, AST MOSKVA: KhRANITEL', 2006.
Tompson P. Golos proshlogo. Ustnaya istoriya. M.: Ves' mir, 2003.
Adorno T. Chto znachit «prorabotka proshlogo»? // Neprikosnovennyy zapas (elektr.zhurnal). 2005. ¹ 2 – 3 (40 – 41). URL: http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2005/2/ado4.html (data obrashcheniya: 17.02.2014)
Andreeva G.M. K voprosu o krizise identichnosti v usloviyakh sotsial'nykh transformatsiy // Psikhologicheskie issledovaniya (elektr.zhurnal), 2011, ¹ 6. URL: http://psystudy.ru/index.php/num/2011n6-20/580-andreeva20.html (data obrashcheniya: 17.02.2014)
Beyker K., Gippenreyter Yu.B. Vliyanie stalinskikh repressiy kontsa 30-ykh godov na zhizn' semey v trekh pokoleniyakh // Teoriya semeynykh sistem Myurreya Bouena. M., Kogito_Tsentr, 2005. S. 419-452.
Burgos M. Istoriya zhizni. Rasskazyvanie i poisk sebya // Voprosy sotsiologii. 1992. T.1. ¹ 2. S.123-130.
Burlakova N.S. O novykh vozmozhnostyakh kul'turno-istoricheskogo analiza v klinicheskoy psikhologii // Vestn. Mosk. Un-ta. Ser.14. Psikhologiya, 2012, ¹ 2. S.49-56.
Burlakova N.S., Oleshkevich V.I. Identichnost' i problema sub'ekta v sovremennoy psikhologii // Metodologiya i istoriya psikhologii. 2010. T. 5. Vyp. 1. S. 156−183.
Burlakova N.S., Oleshkevich V.I. Psikhologicheskaya kontseptsiya identichnosti E. Eriksona v zerkale lichnoy istorii avtora. Monografiya. M.: OOO «IPTs «Maska»», 2011.
Burlakova N.S., Oleshkevich V.I. Urovni kul'turno-istoricheskogo analiza v klinicheskoy psikhologii // Vopr. Psikhologii, 2012, ¹ 6. S. 33-45.
Gudkov L. D.«Pamyat'» o voyne i massovaya identichnost' rossiyan // Neprikosnovennyy zapas (elektr.zhurnal). 2005. ¹ 2 – 3 (40 – 41). URL: http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2005/2/gu5.html (data obrashcheniya: 17.02.2014)
Gudkov L.D. Negativnaya identichnost'. M.: NLO, 2004.
Gurevich, P. S. Problema identichnosti cheloveka v filosofskoy antropologii // Voprosy sotsial'noy teorii: Nauchnyy al'manakh. 2010. Tom IV. Chelovek v poiskakh identichnosti / Pod red. Yu.M. Reznika i M.V. Tlostanovoy. M.: Assotsiatsiya «Mezhdistsiplinarnoe obshchestvo sotsial'noy teorii», 2010. S. 63-87.
Gurevich, P. S. Identichnost' – privilegiya cheloveka // Gumanitarnye nauki. Vestnik Finansovogo universiteta. Nauchno-obrazovatel'nyy zhurnal. 2011. ¹ 2. S. 36-47.
Gurevich P. S. Kul'turologiya. M.: «Yuniti», 2008.
Emel'yanova T.P. Sotsial'noe predstavlenie kak instrument kollektivnoy pamyati (na primere vospominaniy o Velikoy Otechestvennoy voyne). Psikhologicheskiy zhurnal, 2002, 23(4), 56–66.
Zaytseva O. Nachal'nye etapy formirovaniya pamyati o Kholokoste (1948-1962 gg.). Evreyskoe obrazovanie, ¹1–2 (2004), s. 201-244.
Yeyts F. Iskusstvo pamyati. SPb.: Fond podderzhki nauki i obrazovaniya «Universitetskaya kniga», 1997.
Istoriya i pamyat' / Pod red. L.P. Repinoy. M.: Krug', 2006.
Mamardashvili M.K. Opyt fizicheskoy metafiziki (Vil'nyusskie lektsii po sotsial'noy filosofii). M.: Progress-Traditsiya, 2008.
Meshcherkina E. Povsednevnost' v biografii i ustnoy istorii // Ob'yat' obyknovennoe: Povsednevnost' kak tekst po-amerikanski i po-russki: Materialy VI Fulbraytovskoy gumanitarnoy letney shkoly / Pod red. T.D. Venediktovoy. M.: Izd-vo MGU, 2004. S. 145-162.
Nora P. Vsemirnoe torzhestvo pamyati // Neprikosnovennyy zapas (elektr.zhurnal). 2005. ¹ 2–3 (40 – 41). URL: http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2005/2/nora22.html (data obrashcheniya: 17.02.2014)
Repina L.P. Istoricheskaya pamyat' i sovremennaya istoriografiya // Novaya i noveyshaya istoriya. 2004. ¹ 5. S. 39 – 51.
Rubinshteyn A. Ot Gertslya do Rabina i dal'she. Minsk, «MET», 2002.
Stefanenko T.G. Etnicheskaya identichnost': ot etnologii k sotsial'noy psikhologii// Vestn. Mosk. Un-ta. Ser.14. Psikhologiya. 2009, ¹ 2. S.3-17.
References (transliteration):
Zelizer B. Visual Culture and Holocaust. Rutgers University Press, 2001. 1. S. 156−183. Burlakova N.S., Oleshkevich V.I. Psikhologicheskaya kontseptsiya identichnosti E. Eriksona v zerkale lichnoy istorii avtora. Monografiya. M.: OOO «IPTs «Maska»», 2011. Burlakova N.S., Oleshkevich V.I. Urovni kul'turno-istoricheskogo analiza v klinicheskoy psikhologii // Vopr. Psikhologii, 2012, ¹ 6. S. 33-45. Gudkov L. D.«Pamyat'» o voyne i massovaya identichnost' rossiyan // Neprikosnovennyy zapas (elektr.zhurnal). 2005. ¹ 2 – 3 (40 – 41). URL: http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2005/2/gu5.html (data obrashcheniya: 17.02.2014) Gudkov L.D. Negativnaya identichnost'. M.: NLO, 2004. Gurevich, P. S. Problema identichnosti cheloveka v filosofskoy antropologii // Voprosy sotsial'noy teorii: Nauchnyy al'manakh. 2010. Tom IV. Chelovek v poiskakh identichnosti / Pod red. Yu.M. Reznika i M.V. Tlostanovoy. M.: Assotsiatsiya «Mezhdistsiplinarnoe obshchestvo sotsial'noy teorii», 2010. S. 63-87. Gurevich, P. S. Identichnost' – privilegiya cheloveka // Gumanitarnye nauki. Vestnik Finansovogo universiteta. Nauchno-obrazovatel'nyy zhurnal. 2011. ¹ 2. S. 36-47. Gurevich P. S. Kul'turologiya. M.: «Yuniti», 2008. Emel'yanova T.P. Sotsial'noe predstavlenie kak instrument kollektivnoy pamyati (na primere vospominaniy o Velikoy Otechestvennoy voyne). Psikhologicheskiy zhurnal, 2002, 23(4), 56–66. Zaytseva O. Nachal'nye etapy formirovaniya pamyati o Kholokoste (1948-1962 gg.). Evreyskoe obrazovanie, ¹1–2 (2004), s. 201-244. Yeyts F. Iskusstvo pamyati. SPb.: Fond podderzhki nauki i obrazovaniya «Universitetskaya kniga», 1997. Istoriya i pamyat' / Pod red. L.P. Repinoy. M.: Krug', 2006. Mamardashvili M.K. Opyt fizicheskoy metafiziki (Vil'nyusskie lektsii po sotsial'noy filosofii). M.: Progress-Traditsiya, 2008. Meshcherkina E. Povsednevnost' v biografii i ustnoy istorii // Ob'yat' obyknovennoe: Povsednevnost' kak tekst po-amerikanski i po-russki: Materialy VI Fulbraytovskoy gumanitarnoy letney shkoly / Pod red. T.D. Venediktovoy. M.: Izd-vo MGU, 2004. S. 145-162. Nora P. Vsemirnoe torzhestvo pamyati // Neprikosnovennyy zapas (elektr.zhurnal). 2005. ¹ 2–3 (40 – 41). URL: http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2005/2/nora22.html (data obrashcheniya: 17.02.2014) Repina L.P. Istoricheskaya pamyat' i sovremennaya istoriografiya // Novaya i noveyshaya istoriya. 2004. ¹ 5. S. 39 – 51. Rubinshteyn A. Ot Gertslya do Rabina i dal'she. Minsk, «MET», 2002. Stefanenko T.G. Etnicheskaya identichnost': ot etnologii k sotsial'noy psikhologii// Vestn. Mosk. Un-ta. Ser.14. Psikhologiya. 2009, ¹ 2. S.3-17. Tompson P. Golos proshlogo. Ustnaya istoriya. M.: Ves' mir, 2003. Fromm E. Zdorovoe obshchestvo. M.:AST, AST MOSKVA: KhRANITEL', 2006. Khal'bvaks M. Kollektivnaya i istoricheskaya pamyat' // Neprikosnovennyy zapas (elektr.zhurnal). 2005. ¹ 2–3 (40 – 41). URL: http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2005/2/ha2.html Khatton P. Istoriya kak iskusstvo pamyati. SPb.: Vladimir Dal', 2003. Khorni K. Nevroticheskaya lichnost' nashego vremeni. M.: Akademicheskiy proekt, 2009. Erikson E. Detstvo i obshchestvo. M.: Progress, 1996. Yung K.G. Sovremennost' i budushchee. Minsk: «Universitetskoe», 1992. Bergmann M.S. Reflections on the psychological and social functions of remembering the Holocaust. Psychoanalytic Inquiry, 1985, 5, r.9-20. Browining C. Collected Memories. Holocaust History and Postwar Testimonies. Madison, WI; The University of Wisconsin Press, 2003. Abramson G., Drama and Ideology in modern Israel. Cambridge University Press, 1998. Gills , J.R. Memory and Identity: The History of a Relationship. In: Gills , J.R. (ed.) Commemoration: The Politics of National Identity. Princeton, NJ: Princeton UP, 1994. Loshitsky Y. Identity Politics on Israeli Screen. University of Texas Press, 2001. Sagi N. German Reparations Negotiations. Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 1980. Solomon Z. From Denial to Recognition: Attitudes to Holocaust Survivors. Journal of Traumatic Stress 8, no. 2 (April 1995): pp. 215 – 228. Zelizer B. Visual Culture and Holocaust. Rutgers University Press, 2001.
Solomon Z. From Denial to Recognition: Attitudes to Holocaust Survivors. Journal of Traumatic Stress 8, no. 2 (April 1995): pp. 215 – 228.
Sagi N. German Reparations Negotiations. Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 1980.
Loshitsky Y. Identity Politics on Israeli Screen. University of Texas Press, 2001.
Gills , J.R. Memory and Identity: The History of a Relationship. In: Gills , J.R. (ed.) Commemoration: The Politics of National Identity. Princeton, NJ: Princeton UP, 1994.
Abramson G., Drama and Ideology in modern Israel. Cambridge University Press, 1998.
Browining C. Collected Memories. Holocaust History and Postwar Testimonies. Madison, WI; The University of Wisconsin Press, 2003.
Bergmann M.S. Reflections on the psychological and social functions of remembering the Holocaust. Psychoanalytic Inquiry, 1985, 5, r.9-20.
Yung K.G. Sovremennost' i budushchee. Minsk: «Universitetskoe», 1992.
Khorni K. Nevroticheskaya lichnost' nashego vremeni. M.: Akademicheskiy proekt, 2009.
Erikson E. Detstvo i obshchestvo. M.: Progress, 1996.
Khatton P. Istoriya kak iskusstvo pamyati. SPb.: Vladimir Dal', 2003.
Khal'bvaks M. Kollektivnaya i istoricheskaya pamyat' // Neprikosnovennyy zapas (elektr.zhurnal). 2005. ¹ 2–3 (40 – 41). URL: http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2005/2/ha2.html
Fromm E. Zdorovoe obshchestvo. M.:AST, AST MOSKVA: KhRANITEL', 2006.
Tompson P. Golos proshlogo. Ustnaya istoriya. M.: Ves' mir, 2003.
Adorno T. Chto znachit «prorabotka proshlogo»? // Neprikosnovennyy zapas (elektr.zhurnal). 2005. ¹ 2 – 3 (40 – 41). URL: http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2005/2/ado4.html (data obrashcheniya: 17.02.2014)
Andreeva G.M. K voprosu o krizise identichnosti v usloviyakh sotsial'nykh transformatsiy // Psikhologicheskie issledovaniya (elektr.zhurnal), 2011, ¹ 6. URL: http://psystudy.ru/index.php/num/2011n6-20/580-andreeva20.html (data obrashcheniya: 17.02.2014)
Beyker K., Gippenreyter Yu.B. Vliyanie stalinskikh repressiy kontsa 30-ykh godov na zhizn' semey v trekh pokoleniyakh // Teoriya semeynykh sistem Myurreya Bouena. M., Kogito_Tsentr, 2005. S. 419-452.
Burgos M. Istoriya zhizni. Rasskazyvanie i poisk sebya // Voprosy sotsiologii. 1992. T.1. ¹ 2. S.123-130.
Burlakova N.S. O novykh vozmozhnostyakh kul'turno-istoricheskogo analiza v klinicheskoy psikhologii // Vestn. Mosk. Un-ta. Ser.14. Psikhologiya, 2012, ¹ 2. S.49-56.
Burlakova N.S., Oleshkevich V.I. Identichnost' i problema sub'ekta v sovremennoy psikhologii // Metodologiya i istoriya psikhologii. 2010. T. 5. Vyp. 1. S. 156−183.
Burlakova N.S., Oleshkevich V.I. Psikhologicheskaya kontseptsiya identichnosti E. Eriksona v zerkale lichnoy istorii avtora. Monografiya. M.: OOO «IPTs «Maska»», 2011.
Burlakova N.S., Oleshkevich V.I. Urovni kul'turno-istoricheskogo analiza v klinicheskoy psikhologii // Vopr. Psikhologii, 2012, ¹ 6. S. 33-45.
Gudkov L. D.«Pamyat'» o voyne i massovaya identichnost' rossiyan // Neprikosnovennyy zapas (elektr.zhurnal). 2005. ¹ 2 – 3 (40 – 41). URL: http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2005/2/gu5.html (data obrashcheniya: 17.02.2014)
Gudkov L.D. Negativnaya identichnost'. M.: NLO, 2004.
Gurevich, P. S. Problema identichnosti cheloveka v filosofskoy antropologii // Voprosy sotsial'noy teorii: Nauchnyy al'manakh. 2010. Tom IV. Chelovek v poiskakh identichnosti / Pod red. Yu.M. Reznika i M.V. Tlostanovoy. M.: Assotsiatsiya «Mezhdistsiplinarnoe obshchestvo sotsial'noy teorii», 2010. S. 63-87.
Gurevich, P. S. Identichnost' – privilegiya cheloveka // Gumanitarnye nauki. Vestnik Finansovogo universiteta. Nauchno-obrazovatel'nyy zhurnal. 2011. ¹ 2. S. 36-47.
Gurevich P. S. Kul'turologiya. M.: «Yuniti», 2008.
Emel'yanova T.P. Sotsial'noe predstavlenie kak instrument kollektivnoy pamyati (na primere vospominaniy o Velikoy Otechestvennoy voyne). Psikhologicheskiy zhurnal, 2002, 23(4), 56–66.
Zaytseva O. Nachal'nye etapy formirovaniya pamyati o Kholokoste (1948-1962 gg.). Evreyskoe obrazovanie, ¹1–2 (2004), s. 201-244.
Yeyts F. Iskusstvo pamyati. SPb.: Fond podderzhki nauki i obrazovaniya «Universitetskaya kniga», 1997.
Istoriya i pamyat' / Pod red. L.P. Repinoy. M.: Krug', 2006.
Mamardashvili M.K. Opyt fizicheskoy metafiziki (Vil'nyusskie lektsii po sotsial'noy filosofii). M.: Progress-Traditsiya, 2008.
Meshcherkina E. Povsednevnost' v biografii i ustnoy istorii // Ob'yat' obyknovennoe: Povsednevnost' kak tekst po-amerikanski i po-russki: Materialy VI Fulbraytovskoy gumanitarnoy letney shkoly / Pod red. T.D. Venediktovoy. M.: Izd-vo MGU, 2004. S. 145-162.
Nora P. Vsemirnoe torzhestvo pamyati // Neprikosnovennyy zapas (elektr.zhurnal). 2005. ¹ 2–3 (40 – 41). URL: http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2005/2/nora22.html (data obrashcheniya: 17.02.2014)
Repina L.P. Istoricheskaya pamyat' i sovremennaya istoriografiya // Novaya i noveyshaya istoriya. 2004. ¹ 5. S. 39 – 51.
Rubinshteyn A. Ot Gertslya do Rabina i dal'she. Minsk, «MET», 2002.
Stefanenko T.G. Etnicheskaya identichnost': ot etnologii k sotsial'noy psikhologii// Vestn. Mosk. Un-ta. Ser.14. Psikhologiya. 2009, ¹ 2. S.3-17.