Abstract: The authors of the article have studied the basic socio-psychological needs (including the need for control and affect) and their correlation in family relations (parameters of compatibility needs); parameters of psychological well-being (the ability to establish positive relations with others, the degree of autonomy, the degree of competence in managing the surroundings, personal growth, the availability of goals in life, the level of self-acceptance, the overall emotional evaluation of oneself and his or her own life, meaningfulness of life, the ability to perceive and integrate new experiences) and viability (the degree of involvement, level of control, risk acceptance) by partners who are married or cohabitate. 70 people participated in the research including 35 families (24 officially married families and 11 cohabitated families) who have been living together for 1 year at least and 30 years at most. Participants aged from 21 years old to 59 years old. The following empiric research methods have been used: 1. "Methods of diagnosing psychological well-being of the personality" (T. D. Shevelenkova, P. P. Fesenko) [24]; 2. "Test of viability" (D. A. Leontiev, D. I. Rasskazova) [11]; 3. The questionnaire «Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation» (V. Schutz, adapted by A. A. Rukavishnikov) [3]. As a method of data analysis the authors have used the method of comparison of two independent samples based on the Mann-Whitney test. The results of the research have shown that the basic socio-psychological needs do not influence on the preference for a certain type of marriage: cohabitation or official. The factors of legitimizing a partnership union include compatibility of socio-psychological needs of the partners based on the principle of complementarity and their degree of openness to the world. The most important sphere to legitimize of relationships of partners is the sphere of control. The study extends the existing social psychology notions about socio-psychological factors of legitimizing partnership relations and the role of personality's need for control, establishing and developing relations with other people.

Keywords: cohabitation, official marriage, marriage, close emotional relationship, need for control, socio-psychological need, need, family, partner compatibility, legitimizing relations

References:
Yun-Chen H., Shu-Hui L. Attitudes of Taiwanese College Students toward Marriage: A Comparative Study of Different Family Types and Gender // Journal of comparative family studies. 2014, Vol. 45, ¹ 3, pp. 425-438.
Wiik K. A., Keizer R., Lappegård T. Relationship Quality in Marital and Cohabiting Unions Across Europe // Journal of Marriage and Family. 2012, Vol. 74, ¹ 3, pp. 389-398.
Sassler Sh. Partnering Across the Life Course: Sex, Relationships, and Mate Selection // Journal of Marriage and Family. 2010, Vol. 72, ¹ 3, pp. 557-575.
Manning W. D., Longmore M. A., Giordano P. C. The Changing Institution of Marriage: Adolescents' Expectations to Cohabit and to Marry // Journal of Marriage and Family. 2007, Vol. 69, ¹ 3, pp. 559-575.
Fincham F.D., Beach S.R.H. Marriage in the new millennium: A decade in review // Journal of Marriage and Family. 2010, Vol. 72, ¹ 3, pp. 630-649.
Heuveline P., Timberlake J. M. The role of cohabitation in family formation: The United States in comparative perspective // Journal of Marriage and Family. 2004, Vol. 66, ¹ 5, pp. 1214-1230.
Hiekel N., Castro-Martín T. Grasping the Diversity of Cohabitation: Fertility Intentions Among Cohabiters Across Europe // Journal of Marriage and Family. 2014, Vol. 76, ¹ 3, pp. 489-505.
Dominguez-Folgueras M., Castro-Martin T. Cohabitation in Spain: No Longer a Marginal Path to Family Formation // Journal of Marriage and Family. 2013, Vol. 75, ¹ 2, pp. 422-437.
Brown S. L., Bulanda J. R., Lee G. R. Transitions Into and Out of Cohabitation in Later Life // Journal of Marriage and Family. 2012, Vol. 74, ¹ 4, pp. 774–793.
Shkurko T.A., Lomova M.A. Psikhoanaliticheskaya model' kontrolya i sovremennye predstavleniya o kontrole v blizkikh emotsional'nykh otnosheniyakh // Severokavkazskiy psikhologicheskiy vestnik. 2015. ¹ 13/4. S. 122-125, 153-154.
Bourdais C. L., Lapierre-Adamcyk É. Changes in conjugal life in Canada: Is cohabitation progressively replacing marriage? // Journal of Marriage and Family. 2004, Vol. 66, ¹ 4, pp. 929-942.
Shkurko T.A. Sotsial'no-psikhologicheskie osobennosti lichnosti s vyrazhennoy potrebnost'yu v kontrole sebya i drugikh lyudey // Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 2011. ¹ 349. S. 177-184.
Chelnokova I.A. Sotsial'no-psikhologicheskaya model' determinatsii vstupleniya partnerov v grazhdanskiy brak [Tekst]: avtoref. dis. na soisk. uchen. step. kand. psikhol. nauk (19.00.05) / Chelnokova I.A.; Rossiyskiy gos. sots. universitet. M., 2010. 188 s.
Shevelenkova T.D., Fesenko T.P. Psikhologicheskoe blagopoluchie lichnosti // Psikhologicheskaya diagnostika. 2005. ¹ 3. S. 95-121.
Simonov A.S. Teoretiko-empiricheskie predposylki psikhologicheskogo konsul'tirovaniya po problemam vybora brachnogo partnera. [Elektronnyy resurs] // Prikladnaya psikhologiya i psikhoanaliz: elektron. nauchn. zhurn. 2014 g. ¹2. URL: http://ppip.idnk.ru/ (data obrashcheniya: 29.09.2016).
Kharlamova T.M. Psikhologicheskaya spetsifika brachnoy assortativnosti // Fundamental'nye issledovaniya. 2013. ¹ 8-4. S. 974-978.
Romanova E.V. Vliyanie opyta vzaimootnosheniy v roditel'skoy sem'e na formirovanie supruzheskikh otnosheniy i udovletvorennost' brakom // Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Ser. 12. 2011. ¹ 7. S. 121-128.
Semeynyy kodeks RF ot 29.12.1995 g. ¹ 223-FZ (red. ot 30.12.2015 g., gl. 3, st. 10) [Elektronnyy resurs] // SPS Konsul'tantPlyus. URL: http://www.consultant.ru (data obrashcheniya: 06.10.2016).
Psikhologiya semeynykh otnosheniy s osnovami semeynogo konsul'tirovaniya / Pod red. Silyaevoy E.G. 3-e izd., stereotip. M.: Akademiya, 2005. 192 s.
Parshikova O.V. Skhodstvo suprugov po lichnostnym kharakteristikam i prodolzhitel'nost' braka. [Elektronnyy resurs] // Psikhologicheskie issledovaniya. 2012. T. 5. ¹ 26. URL: http://psystudy.ru. (Data obrashcheniya: 18.10.2016).
Raygorodskiy D.Ya. Psikhologiya sem'i. Uch. posobie dlya fakul'tetov psikhologii, sotsiologii, ekonomiki i zhurnalistiki. Samara: Izdatel'skiy Dom BAKhRAKh-M. 2007. 752 s.
Myasishchev V.N. Psikhologiya otnosheniy. M.: MPSI, 2005. 158 s.
Novikova E.N. Gendernaya spetsifika dobrachnogo povedeniya studencheskoy molodezhi (Na primere Respubliki Mordoviya) [Tekst]: avtoref. dis. na soisk. uchen. step. kand. sotsiol. nauk (22.00.04) / Novikova E.N. Saransk, 2006. 189 s.
Obozov N.N., Obozova A.N. Tri podkhoda k issledovaniyu psikhologicheskoy sovmestimosti // Voprosy psikhologii. 1981. ¹ 6. S. 98-101.
Leont'ev D.A., Rasskazova E.I. Test zhiznestoykosti. Metodicheskoe rukovodstvo po novoy metodike psikhologicheskoy diagnostiki lichnosti s shirokoy oblast'yu primeneniya. Prednaznachaetsya dlya professional'nykh psikhologov-issledovateley i praktikov. M.: Smysl, 2006. 65 s.
Kronik A., Kronik E. V glavnykh rolyakh: Vy, my, on, ty, ya: psikhologiya znachimykh otnosheniy Tekst / A. Kronik, E. Kronik. M.: Izd-vo «Mysl'», 1989. 204 s.
Kostrikova M.V. Psikhologicheskaya sovmestimost' suprugov // Nauchnye issledovaniya: ot teorii k praktike: materialy mezhdunar. nauch.–prakt. konf. (Cheboksary, 13 noyab. 2014 g.) / Redkol.: O.N. Shirokov [i dr.]. Cheboksary: TsNS «Interaktiv plyus», 2014. S. 196–198.
Kovaleva A.V. Transformatsiya ponyatiya «grazhdanskiy brak» kak proyavlenie krizisa semeyno-brachnykh otnosheniy [Tekst]: avtoref. dis. na soisk. uchen. step. kand. sotsiol. nauk (22.00.04) / Kovaleva A.V.; Tikhookeanskiy gos. universitet. Khabarovsk, 2009. 185 s.
Elizarov A.N. Psikhologicheskoe konsul'tirovanie sem'i: Uch. posobie dlya stud. vuzov, obuch. po naprav. i spets. psikhologii. M.: Os'-89, 2004. 400 s.
Zakirova S.A. Kriterial'nye otlichiya braka ot drugikh «Podobnykh brachnym» otnosheniy // Severo-Kavkazskiy yuridicheskiy vestnik. 2013. ¹ 1. S. 63-67.
Dubovskikh O.V., Il'inskaya S.V. Vliyanie obraza sem'i suprugov na ikh udovletvorennost' brakom // Vestnik Samarskoy gumanitarnoy akademii. Seriya «Psikhologiya». 2015. ¹ 1(17). S. 138-151.
Egorova M.S., Parshikova O.V. Skhodstvo suprugov po samootsenkam i vzaimnym otsenkam lichnostnykh svoystv. [Elektronnyy resurs] // Psikhologicheskie issledovaniya. 2010. T. 3. ¹ 11. URL: http://psystudy.ru (data obrashcheniya: 09.09.2016).
Andreeva T.V. Semeynaya psikhologiya: Uchebnoe posobie. SPb.: Rech', 2004. 244 s.
Bakushkina N.I. Struktura vnutriparnoy soglasovannosti po psikhologicheskim i saotsiodemograficheskim kharakteristikam na raznykh etapakh formirovaniya lyubovnoy pary // Nauchnyy dialog. 2013. ¹ 4(16): Psikhologiya. Pedagogika. S. 8-14.
Rukavishnikov A.A. Diagnostika mezhlichnostnykh otnosheniy [Tekst] / Fetiskin N.P., Kozlov V.V., Manuylov G.M. Sotsial'no-psikhologicheskaya diagnostika razvitiya lichnosti i malykh grupp. M., 2002. C. 167-171.

References (transliteration):
Yun-Chen H., Shu-Hui L. Attitudes of Taiwanese College Students toward Marriage: A Comparative Study of Different Family Types and Gender // Journal of comparative family studies. 2014, Vol. 45, ¹ 3, pp. 425-438.
Wiik K. A., Keizer R., Lappegård T. Relationship Quality in Marital and Cohabiting Unions Across Europe // Journal of Marriage and Family. 2012, Vol. 74, ¹ 3, pp. 389-398.
Sassler Sh. Partnering Across the Life Course: Sex, Relationships, and Mate Selection // Journal of Marriage and Family. 2010, Vol. 72, ¹ 3, pp. 557-575.
Manning W. D., Longmore M. A., Giordano P. C. The Changing Institution of Marriage: Adolescents' Expectations to Cohabit and to Marry // Journal of Marriage and Family. 2007, Vol. 69, ¹ 3, pp. 559-575.
Fincham F.D., Beach S.R.H. Marriage in the new millennium: A decade in review // Journal of Marriage and Family. 2010, Vol. 72, ¹ 3, pp. 630-649.
Heuveline P., Timberlake J. M. The role of cohabitation in family formation: The United States in comparative perspective // Journal of Marriage and Family. 2004, Vol. 66, ¹ 5, pp. 1214-1230.
Hiekel N., Castro-Martín T. Grasping the Diversity of Cohabitation: Fertility Intentions Among Cohabiters Across Europe // Journal of Marriage and Family. 2014, Vol. 76, ¹ 3, pp. 489-505.
Dominguez-Folgueras M., Castro-Martin T. Cohabitation in Spain: No Longer a Marginal Path to Family Formation // Journal of Marriage and Family. 2013, Vol. 75, ¹ 2, pp. 422-437.
Brown S. L., Bulanda J. R., Lee G. R. Transitions Into and Out of Cohabitation in Later Life // Journal of Marriage and Family. 2012, Vol. 74, ¹ 4, pp. 774–793.
Shkurko T.A., Lomova M.A. Psikhoanaliticheskaya model' kontrolya i sovremennye predstavleniya o kontrole v blizkikh emotsional'nykh otnosheniyakh // Severokavkazskiy psikhologicheskiy vestnik. 2015. ¹ 13/4. S. 122-125, 153-154.
Bourdais C. L., Lapierre-Adamcyk É. Changes in conjugal life in Canada: Is cohabitation progressively replacing marriage? // Journal of Marriage and Family. 2004, Vol. 66, ¹ 4, pp. 929-942.
Shkurko T.A. Sotsial'no-psikhologicheskie osobennosti lichnosti s vyrazhennoy potrebnost'yu v kontrole sebya i drugikh lyudey // Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 2011. ¹ 349. S. 177-184.
Chelnokova I.A. Sotsial'no-psikhologicheskaya model' determinatsii vstupleniya partnerov v grazhdanskiy brak [Tekst]: avtoref. dis. na soisk. uchen. step. kand. psikhol. nauk (19.00.05) / Chelnokova I.A.; Rossiyskiy gos. sots. universitet. M., 2010. 188 s.
Shevelenkova T.D., Fesenko T.P. Psikhologicheskoe blagopoluchie lichnosti // Psikhologicheskaya diagnostika. 2005. ¹ 3. S. 95-121.
Simonov A.S. Teoretiko-empiricheskie predposylki psikhologicheskogo konsul'tirovaniya po problemam vybora brachnogo partnera. [Elektronnyy resurs] // Prikladnaya psikhologiya i psikhoanaliz: elektron. nauchn. zhurn. 2014 g. ¹2. URL: http://ppip.idnk.ru/ (data obrashcheniya: 29.09.2016).
Kharlamova T.M. Psikhologicheskaya spetsifika brachnoy assortativnosti // Fundamental'nye issledovaniya. 2013. ¹ 8-4. S. 974-978.
Romanova E.V. Vliyanie opyta vzaimootnosheniy v roditel'skoy sem'e na formirovanie supruzheskikh otnosheniy i udovletvorennost' brakom // Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Ser. 12. 2011. ¹ 7. S. 121-128.
Semeynyy kodeks RF ot 29.12.1995 g. ¹ 223-FZ (red. ot 30.12.2015 g., gl. 3, st. 10) [Elektronnyy resurs] // SPS Konsul'tantPlyus. URL: http://www.consultant.ru (data obrashcheniya: 06.10.2016).
Psikhologiya semeynykh otnosheniy s osnovami semeynogo konsul'tirovaniya / Pod red. Silyaevoy E.G. 3-e izd., stereotip. M.: Akademiya, 2005. 192 s.
Parshikova O.V. Skhodstvo suprugov po lichnostnym kharakteristikam i prodolzhitel'nost' braka. [Elektronnyy resurs] // Psikhologicheskie issledovaniya. 2012. T. 5. ¹ 26. URL: http://psystudy.ru. (Data obrashcheniya: 18.10.2016).
Raygorodskiy D.Ya. Psikhologiya sem'i. Uch. posobie dlya fakul'tetov psikhologii, sotsiologii, ekonomiki i zhurnalistiki. Samara: Izdatel'skiy Dom BAKhRAKh-M. 2007. 752 s.
Myasishchev V.N. Psikhologiya otnosheniy. M.: MPSI, 2005. 158 s.
Novikova E.N. Gendernaya spetsifika dobrachnogo povedeniya studencheskoy molodezhi (Na primere Respubliki Mordoviya) [Tekst]: avtoref. dis. na soisk. uchen. step. kand. sotsiol. nauk (22.00.04) / Novikova E.N. Saransk, 2006. 189 s.
Obozov N.N., Obozova A.N. Tri podkhoda k issledovaniyu psikhologicheskoy sovmestimosti // Voprosy psikhologii. 1981. ¹ 6. S. 98-101.
Leont'ev D.A., Rasskazova E.I. Test zhiznestoykosti. Metodicheskoe rukovodstvo po novoy metodike psikhologicheskoy diagnostiki lichnosti s shirokoy oblast'yu primeneniya. Prednaznachaetsya dlya professional'nykh psikhologov-issledovateley i praktikov. M.: Smysl, 2006. 65 s.
Kronik A., Kronik E. V glavnykh rolyakh: Vy, my, on, ty, ya: psikhologiya znachimykh otnosheniy Tekst / A. Kronik, E. Kronik. M.: Izd-vo «Mysl'», 1989. 204 s.
Kostrikova M.V. Psikhologicheskaya sovmestimost' suprugov // Nauchnye issledovaniya: ot teorii k praktike: materialy mezhdunar. nauch.–prakt. konf. (Cheboksary, 13 noyab. 2014 g.) / Redkol.: O.N. Shirokov [i dr.]. Cheboksary: TsNS «Interaktiv plyus», 2014. S. 196–198.
Kovaleva A.V. Transformatsiya ponyatiya «grazhdanskiy brak» kak proyavlenie krizisa semeyno-brachnykh otnosheniy [Tekst]: avtoref. dis. na soisk. uchen. step. kand. sotsiol. nauk (22.00.04) / Kovaleva A.V.; Tikhookeanskiy gos. universitet. Khabarovsk, 2009. 185 s.
Elizarov A.N. Psikhologicheskoe konsul'tirovanie sem'i: Uch. posobie dlya stud. vuzov, obuch. po naprav. i spets. psikhologii. M.: Os'-89, 2004. 400 s.
Zakirova S.A. Kriterial'nye otlichiya braka ot drugikh «Podobnykh brachnym» otnosheniy // Severo-Kavkazskiy yuridicheskiy vestnik. 2013. ¹ 1. S. 63-67.
Dubovskikh O.V., Il'inskaya S.V. Vliyanie obraza sem'i suprugov na ikh udovletvorennost' brakom // Vestnik Samarskoy gumanitarnoy akademii. Seriya «Psikhologiya». 2015. ¹ 1(17). S. 138-151.
Egorova M.S., Parshikova O.V. Skhodstvo suprugov po samootsenkam i vzaimnym otsenkam lichnostnykh svoystv. [Elektronnyy resurs] // Psikhologicheskie issledovaniya. 2010. T. 3. ¹ 11. URL: http://psystudy.ru (data obrashcheniya: 09.09.2016).
Andreeva T.V. Semeynaya psikhologiya: Uchebnoe posobie. SPb.: Rech', 2004. 244 s.
Bakushkina N.I. Struktura vnutriparnoy soglasovannosti po psikhologicheskim i saotsiodemograficheskim kharakteristikam na raznykh etapakh formirovaniya lyubovnoy pary // Nauchnyy dialog. 2013. ¹ 4(16): Psikhologiya. Pedagogika. S. 8-14.
Rukavishnikov A.A. Diagnostika mezhlichnostnykh otnosheniy [Tekst] / Fetiskin N.P., Kozlov V.V., Manuylov G.M. Sotsial'no-psikhologicheskaya diagnostika razvitiya lichnosti i malykh grupp. M., 2002. C. 167-171.

Abstract: In his research Paleev talks about development of laws and regulations during the Reformation. Academics often underline that the Reformation was the Protestantism. Max Weber believed the Reformation to be the movement that resulted in the origin of the Capitalism. Religious beliefs that contributed to the origin of the Protestantism also formed a new economy and style of life. At the same time, it also had an effect on legal concepts of the European civilization. In fact, the development of new legal views and concepts was quite more dramatic than it seems. Weber's interpretation of the Reformation is often reviewed by today's researchers, however, the latter pay too little attention to so-called counter-reformation movements. The Reformation was not recognized by everyone. Religious movements created new interpretations and concepts of law. That, in its turn, created a complex psychological situation and disagreements oif values. There were social and religious passions around the legal culture. Paleev bases his research mostly on the principle of historicism which allowed to show the influence of Max Weber's ideas not only on the economy and religious beliefs but also development of new legal views of the Christian civilization. In his article Paleev focuses on a difficult situation in Europe when the Reformation created numerous anti-reformation movements and social passions. The author of the article analyzes debates round the religious category of 'salvation'. Martin Luther's concept was often critisized by anti-reformation movements. The author also raises a question about individual behavior that goes beyound the law and religious standards and discuss the idea of Christianity returning to its initial purity as a true essence. The author also emphasizes the need to distinguish between law and religion and proves the independent role of the law. 

Keywords: anti-reformation movements, social passions, salvation, law, psychological motives, rationalist principles, reformation, psychology, management, philosophy

References:
Gurevich P.S. Sotsial'nyy khaos v tolkovanii Zh. Bodriyyara // Filosofiya i kul'tura. 2013. ¹ 8. C. 1043-1046. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2013.8.9412.
Lapina T.S. Identifikatsiya kul'tury: filosofskie kriterii // Filosofiya i kul'tura. 2013. ¹ 10. C. 1407-1418. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2013.10.8987.
Fatenkov A.N. Ekzistentsial'naya ontologiya. Kontseptual'nyy eskiz. Nizhniy Novgorod, 2015. 169 s.
Kohlberg Lawrence, Mayer Rochelle. Development at the aim of education // Harvard Educational Review. 1972. ¹ 42 (4). P. 449-496.
Shokhin V.K. Filosofiya religii i ee istoricheskie formy (antichnost' – konets XVIII v.). M.: Al'fa-M, 2010. 794 s.
Solov'ev E.Yu. Kategoricheskiy imperativ nravstvennosti i prava. M.: Progress-Traditsiya, 2005. 416 s.
Barlybaev Kh.A. Vvedenie v filosofiyu solidarnosti. M.: Izd. dom «Nauchnaya biblioteka», 2016. 128 s.
Maks Veber i metodologiya istorii (Protestantskaya etika). K XVI Mezhdunarodnomu kongressu istoricheskikh nauk (Shtutgart, FRG). Vyp. 2 / Otv. red. Ya.M. Berger. M.: INION AN SSSR, 1985. 242 s.
Paleev R.N. Osnovnye moral'no-pravovye aspekty regulirovaniya predprinimatel'skoy deyatel'nosti. M.: Akademkniga, 2006. 176 s.
Aron R. Etapy razvitiya sotsiologicheskoy mysli / Obshch. red. i predisl. P.S. Gurevicha. M.: Progress, 1993. 608 s.

References (transliteration):
Gurevich P.S. Sotsial'nyy khaos v tolkovanii Zh. Bodriyyara // Filosofiya i kul'tura. 2013. ¹ 8. C. 1043-1046. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2013.8.9412.
Lapina T.S. Identifikatsiya kul'tury: filosofskie kriterii // Filosofiya i kul'tura. 2013. ¹ 10. C. 1407-1418. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2013.10.8987.
Fatenkov A.N. Ekzistentsial'naya ontologiya. Kontseptual'nyy eskiz. Nizhniy Novgorod, 2015. 169 s.
Kohlberg Lawrence, Mayer Rochelle. Development at the aim of education // Harvard Educational Review. 1972. ¹ 42 (4). P. 449-496.
Shokhin V.K. Filosofiya religii i ee istoricheskie formy (antichnost' – konets XVIII v.). M.: Al'fa-M, 2010. 794 s.
Solov'ev E.Yu. Kategoricheskiy imperativ nravstvennosti i prava. M.: Progress-Traditsiya, 2005. 416 s.
Barlybaev Kh.A. Vvedenie v filosofiyu solidarnosti. M.: Izd. dom «Nauchnaya biblioteka», 2016. 128 s.
Maks Veber i metodologiya istorii (Protestantskaya etika). K XVI Mezhdunarodnomu kongressu istoricheskikh nauk (Shtutgart, FRG). Vyp. 2 / Otv. red. Ya.M. Berger. M.: INION AN SSSR, 1985. 242 s.
Paleev R.N. Osnovnye moral'no-pravovye aspekty regulirovaniya predprinimatel'skoy deyatel'nosti. M.: Akademkniga, 2006. 176 s.
Aron R. Etapy razvitiya sotsiologicheskoy mysli / Obshch. red. i predisl. P.S. Gurevicha. M.: Progress, 1993. 608 s.

Abstract: The present research article is devoted to pornography as a destructive social phenomenon contributing to the escalation of criminal sexual violence at the present stage of society development. The subject of the research is the concept of pornography, with the identification of significant key characteristics used to classify certain objects or phenomena as products of the porn industry, and the consequences of its consumption which are the effects of pornography on the development of personal sexuality and formation of motivation and choice of behavior in the process of fulfilling sexual needs. The empirical basis of this research article involves two independent studies: psychological research and psychiatric study of perpetrators of violent sexual crimes, and victims of sexual violence; the survey of citizens of the Russian Federation in the framework of study of the level of sexual culture in Russia at the present stage of society development.The scientific novelty of this study is caused by the fact that the author reveals the destructive aspects of the impact of pornography on personality. Semerikova proves that pornographic products firstly, contributes to the formation and escalation of personal aggression, simplifies the process of formation of motivation for sexual violence as the ideology of the subordinate position of women who are destined to serve sexual interests of men and satisfy their sexual needs; secondly, contributes to the development of dependence of sexual arousal on demonstration of pornographic materials without which sexual excitement becomes impossible, this causing the development of mental impotence, development of neuroses and other mental or psychic instability affecting, in its turn, the sphere of volitional regulation and the degree of control over sexual behavior.

Keywords: escalation, aggression, pornography, pornographic products, crime, sexual needs, addiction, psychic instability, influence, sexual abuse

References:
Bugaev K.V. Ekspertnoe soprovozhdenie rassledovaniya prestupleniy, predusmotrennykh st. 242 UK RF (Nezakonnoe rasprostranenie pornograficheskikh materialov ili predmetov) // Zakonodatel'stvo i praktika. 2010. ¹1 (24), S.28-32.
Dzhindzholiya R. S. Ugolovnaya otvetstvennost' za nezakonnoe rasprostranenie pornograficheskikh materialov ili predmetov. M.-Sochi, 2001. 50 s.
Inogamova-Khegay L. V. Mezhdunarodnoe ugolovnoe pravo. Spb.: Yuridicheskiy tsentr Press. 2003. – 495 s.
Kapinus O.S., DodonovV.N. Otvetstvennost' za pornografiyu v rossiyskom ugolovnom prave http://www.blog.servitutis.ru/?p=396 (data obrashcheniya 12.12.2015).
Lekhina I.V. , Petrova F.N. Slovar' inostrannykh slov, 4-e izd., dop. i pererab. — M.: Gosudarstvennoe izdatel'stvo inostrannykh i natsional'nykh slovarey, 1954. — 858 s.
Lyubavina M. A. O prestupleniyakh, svyazannykh s rasprostraneniem pornograficheskikh materialov ili predmetov. // Kriminalist. 2012. ¹ 2 (11), S. 35-36
Panov V. P. Mezhdunarodnoe ugolovnoe pravo. Uchebnoe posobie. M.: Infra-M, 1997.-320 c.
Postanovlenie Ministerstva kul'tury Respubliki Belarus' ot 08.05.2007 ¹18 «Ob utverzhdenii Instruktsii o poryadke vypuska, tirazhirovaniya, pokaza, prokata, prodazhi i reklamirovaniya eroticheskoy produktsii, produktsii, soderzhashchey elementy erotiki, nasiliya i zhestokosti, produktsii po seksual'nomu obrazovaniyu i polovomu vospitaniyu, a takzhe produktsii seksual'nogo naznacheniya i priznanii utrativshim silu postanovleniya Ministerstva kul'tury Respubliki Belarus' ot 13 aprelya 2000 g. ¹8p» http://www.worklib.ru/law/376080/ (data obrashcheniya 21.06.2016).
Praktika primeneniya Ugolovnogo kodeksa Rossiyskoy Federatsii: Kommentariy sudebnoy praktiki i doktrinal'noe tolkovanie / Pod red. G.M. Reznika. M.: Volters Kluver, 2005. 1024 s.
Semerikova A.A. Materialy mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii: «Sovremennye problemy razvitiya obshchestvennykh nauk i puti ikh resheniya» // Parafilii – meditsinskiy i ugolovno-pravovoy aspekt, Volgograd 2012, S. 63-67.
Statistika seksual'nykh prestupleniy masul'man na territorii Rossii http://social.eadaily.com/blog/43629426632/Statistika-seksualnyih-prestupleniy-musulman-na-territorii-Rossi (data obrashcheniya 02.12.2015)
Khabarov A.E. Vozbuzhdenie i rassledovanie ugolovnykh del ob izgotovlenii ili sbyte pornograficheskikh predmetov, diss. … kand. yurid .nauk, M., 1993., 61 s.
Yuridicheskiy slovar' http://enc-dic.com/legal/Pornograficheskie-Materialy-Ili-Predmety-15079/ (data obrashcheniya 12.04.2016).
Cline V. Pornography effects: Empirical and clinical evidence // Zillman D., Bryant J., Huston A. Media, children and the family: Social scientific, psychodynamic and clinical perspective. Hillsdale, NJ, Erlbaum, 1994. P. 231-235.
Donnershtein E. Aggressive erotica and violence against women // Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1980. ¹ 39. P. 269-277
Malamuth N.M., Hein M., Feshbach S. Sexual responsiveness of college students to rape depictions: Inhibitory and disinhibitory effects // Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1980. ¹ 35. P. 399-408.
Zillman D., Bryant J. Effects of massive exposure to pornography // Malamuth N.N., Donnerstein E. Pornography and sexual aggression. Orlando,FL. Academic Press, 1984. P115-141.
Zillman D., Bryant J. Pornography is impact on sexual satisfaction // Journal of applied Social Pcychology. 1988. ¹18. P. 452-469.
Zillman D., Bryant J. Shifting preferences in pornography consumption // Communications Research. 1989. ¹ 13. P. 560-578

References (transliteration):
Bugaev K.V. Ekspertnoe soprovozhdenie rassledovaniya prestupleniy, predusmotrennykh st. 242 UK RF (Nezakonnoe rasprostranenie pornograficheskikh materialov ili predmetov) // Zakonodatel'stvo i praktika. 2010. ¹1 (24), S.28-32.
Dzhindzholiya R. S. Ugolovnaya otvetstvennost' za nezakonnoe rasprostranenie pornograficheskikh materialov ili predmetov. M.-Sochi, 2001. 50 s.
Inogamova-Khegay L. V. Mezhdunarodnoe ugolovnoe pravo. Spb.: Yuridicheskiy tsentr Press. 2003. – 495 s.
Kapinus O.S., DodonovV.N. Otvetstvennost' za pornografiyu v rossiyskom ugolovnom prave http://www.blog.servitutis.ru/?p=396 (data obrashcheniya 12.12.2015).
Lekhina I.V. , Petrova F.N. Slovar' inostrannykh slov, 4-e izd., dop. i pererab. — M.: Gosudarstvennoe izdatel'stvo inostrannykh i natsional'nykh slovarey, 1954. — 858 s.
Lyubavina M. A. O prestupleniyakh, svyazannykh s rasprostraneniem pornograficheskikh materialov ili predmetov. // Kriminalist. 2012. ¹ 2 (11), S. 35-36
Panov V. P. Mezhdunarodnoe ugolovnoe pravo. Uchebnoe posobie. M.: Infra-M, 1997.-320 c.
Postanovlenie Ministerstva kul'tury Respubliki Belarus' ot 08.05.2007 ¹18 «Ob utverzhdenii Instruktsii o poryadke vypuska, tirazhirovaniya, pokaza, prokata, prodazhi i reklamirovaniya eroticheskoy produktsii, produktsii, soderzhashchey elementy erotiki, nasiliya i zhestokosti, produktsii po seksual'nomu obrazovaniyu i polovomu vospitaniyu, a takzhe produktsii seksual'nogo naznacheniya i priznanii utrativshim silu postanovleniya Ministerstva kul'tury Respubliki Belarus' ot 13 aprelya 2000 g. ¹8p» http://www.worklib.ru/law/376080/ (data obrashcheniya 21.06.2016).
Praktika primeneniya Ugolovnogo kodeksa Rossiyskoy Federatsii: Kommentariy sudebnoy praktiki i doktrinal'noe tolkovanie / Pod red. G.M. Reznika. M.: Volters Kluver, 2005. 1024 s.
Semerikova A.A. Materialy mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii: «Sovremennye problemy razvitiya obshchestvennykh nauk i puti ikh resheniya» // Parafilii – meditsinskiy i ugolovno-pravovoy aspekt, Volgograd 2012, S. 63-67.
Statistika seksual'nykh prestupleniy masul'man na territorii Rossii http://social.eadaily.com/blog/43629426632/Statistika-seksualnyih-prestupleniy-musulman-na-territorii-Rossi (data obrashcheniya 02.12.2015)
Khabarov A.E. Vozbuzhdenie i rassledovanie ugolovnykh del ob izgotovlenii ili sbyte pornograficheskikh predmetov, diss. … kand. yurid .nauk, M., 1993., 61 s.
Yuridicheskiy slovar' http://enc-dic.com/legal/Pornograficheskie-Materialy-Ili-Predmety-15079/ (data obrashcheniya 12.04.2016).
Cline V. Pornography effects: Empirical and clinical evidence // Zillman D., Bryant J., Huston A. Media, children and the family: Social scientific, psychodynamic and clinical perspective. Hillsdale, NJ, Erlbaum, 1994. P. 231-235.
Donnershtein E. Aggressive erotica and violence against women // Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1980. ¹ 39. P. 269-277
Malamuth N.M., Hein M., Feshbach S. Sexual responsiveness of college students to rape depictions: Inhibitory and disinhibitory effects // Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1980. ¹ 35. P. 399-408.
Zillman D., Bryant J. Effects of massive exposure to pornography // Malamuth N.N., Donnerstein E. Pornography and sexual aggression. Orlando,FL. Academic Press, 1984. P115-141.
Zillman D., Bryant J. Pornography is impact on sexual satisfaction // Journal of applied Social Pcychology. 1988. ¹18. P. 452-469.
Zillman D., Bryant J. Shifting preferences in pornography consumption // Communications Research. 1989. ¹ 13. P. 560-578

Abstract: The object under research of the present article is the consumer society, the subject of the research is the nature of illusion as a social phenomenon. The author considers the issues of formation and implementation of illusions into collective conscience as a specific mechanism of social regulation and adaptation to conditions of modern society. The author describes consequences caused by social illusions for individual and collective consciousness. The special role of mass society, network structures and mass media in creation of space of illusions is underlined, risks of the distorted perception of the world for reality life are traced. The methodological basis of the research involves dialectical principles of objectivity, specificity and the need to interpret social illusion as an integral phenomenon. The scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author proposes a thesis about contradictory and controversial nature of social illusions as well as their dependence on requirements of consumerist ideologies. The results of the research allow to make the following conclusions: 1) the author proves that social illusions are in demand in the consumer society; 2) risks of social illusions especially need to be studied further. 

Keywords: communication, manipulation, everyday life, consumer society, consumerism , irreality, confabulation, illusion, creativity, collective conscience

References:
Shukshina L. V. Sotsial'nye illyuzii kak predmet filosofskogo analiza // Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Povolzhskiy region. Gumanitarnye nauki. 2009. ¹1(9). S. 13 – 20.
Khiz Dzh., Potter E. Bunt na prodazhu. M.: Dobraya kniga, 2007. 456 s.
Tikhonova S. V. Sotsial'no-ontologicheskiy status mifa // Filosofiya i obshchestvo. M., 2008. ¹3. S. 44-57.
Luk'yanov A. V., Portyanko V. N. Funktsional'noe pole illyuzii // Vestnik OGU. 2012. ¹7(143) / iyul'. S. 105-109.
Il'in V. I. Potreblenie kak diskurs. Uchebnoe posobie. Spb.: Intersotsis, 2008. 446 s.
Baykov A. A. Proyavlenie sposobnosti k illyuzii v katafaticheskikh opredeleniyakh cheloveka // Informatsionnyy gumanitarnyy portal «Znanie. Ponimanie. Umenie». 2013. ¹3(may-iyun'). URL: http: // www.zpu-journal.ru/e-zpu/2013/3 (data poseshcheniya: 12.11. 2015).
Apinyan T. A. Toska po mifu ili mif kak sobytie sovremennosti // Filosofskie nauki. 2004. ¹11. S. 73-83.
Chto takoe Illyuziya? Znachenie i tolkovanie slova illjuzija, opredelenie termina [Elektronnyy resurs]. URL: http: // onlinedics.ru/slovar/fil/f/illjuzija.html (data poseshcheniya: 12.11. 2015).
Shukshina L. V. Ekzistentsial'naya tsennost' sotsial'nykh illyuziy. Avtoref. dokt diss. [Elektronnyy resurs]. URL: http: // sheloveknauka.com/ekzistentsialnayka–tsennost sotsialnyh–illyuziy (data poseshcheniya: 08.11. 2015).
Yulina N. S. = Golovolomki problemy soznaniya: kontseptsiya Deniela Denneta. – M.: Kanon + 2004. 544 s.
Il'in A.N. Individualizm – tsennost', kul'tiviruemaya kul'turoy potrebleniya // Filosofiya i kul'tura. - 2015. - 7. - C. 1055 - 1067. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2015.7.12332.
Chuprakova N.S. Informatsionno-psikhologicheskoe vliyanie virtual'no-kommunikativnykh sredstv na molodezh' v sovremennom politicheskom protsesse // Natsional'naya bezopasnost' / nota bene. - 2014. - 6. - C. 946 - 955. DOI: 10.7256/2073-8560.2014.6.13724.
Kirka A.V. K voprosu o strukture sotsial'no-setevykh kommunikatsiy // Politika i Obshchestvo. - 2015. - 7. - C. 863 - 872. DOI: 10.7256/1812-8696.2015.7.15690.

References (transliteration):
Shukshina L. V. Sotsial'nye illyuzii kak predmet filosofskogo analiza // Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Povolzhskiy region. Gumanitarnye nauki. 2009. ¹1(9). S. 13 – 20.
Khiz Dzh., Potter E. Bunt na prodazhu. M.: Dobraya kniga, 2007. 456 s.
Tikhonova S. V. Sotsial'no-ontologicheskiy status mifa // Filosofiya i obshchestvo. M., 2008. ¹3. S. 44-57.
Luk'yanov A. V., Portyanko V. N. Funktsional'noe pole illyuzii // Vestnik OGU. 2012. ¹7(143) / iyul'. S. 105-109.
Il'in V. I. Potreblenie kak diskurs. Uchebnoe posobie. Spb.: Intersotsis, 2008. 446 s.
Baykov A. A. Proyavlenie sposobnosti k illyuzii v katafaticheskikh opredeleniyakh cheloveka // Informatsionnyy gumanitarnyy portal «Znanie. Ponimanie. Umenie». 2013. ¹3(may-iyun'). URL: http: // www.zpu-journal.ru/e-zpu/2013/3 (data poseshcheniya: 12.11. 2015).
Apinyan T. A. Toska po mifu ili mif kak sobytie sovremennosti // Filosofskie nauki. 2004. ¹11. S. 73-83.
Chto takoe Illyuziya? Znachenie i tolkovanie slova illjuzija, opredelenie termina [Elektronnyy resurs]. URL: http: // onlinedics.ru/slovar/fil/f/illjuzija.html (data poseshcheniya: 12.11. 2015).
Shukshina L. V. Ekzistentsial'naya tsennost' sotsial'nykh illyuziy. Avtoref. dokt diss. [Elektronnyy resurs]. URL: http: // sheloveknauka.com/ekzistentsialnayka–tsennost sotsialnyh–illyuziy (data poseshcheniya: 08.11. 2015).
Yulina N. S. = Golovolomki problemy soznaniya: kontseptsiya Deniela Denneta. – M.: Kanon + 2004. 544 s.
Il'in A.N. Individualizm – tsennost', kul'tiviruemaya kul'turoy potrebleniya // Filosofiya i kul'tura. - 2015. - 7. - C. 1055 - 1067. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2015.7.12332.
Chuprakova N.S. Informatsionno-psikhologicheskoe vliyanie virtual'no-kommunikativnykh sredstv na molodezh' v sovremennom politicheskom protsesse // Natsional'naya bezopasnost' / nota bene. - 2014. - 6. - C. 946 - 955. DOI: 10.7256/2073-8560.2014.6.13724.
Kirka A.V. K voprosu o strukture sotsial'no-setevykh kommunikatsiy // Politika i Obshchestvo. - 2015. - 7. - C. 863 - 872. DOI: 10.7256/1812-8696.2015.7.15690.

Abstract: The object of the present research is the phenomenon of consumerism, while the subejct of the research is the 'facade' and the 'backstage' of the consumer society. In his research Napso examines a number of features of the post-Soviet world such as theatricality which suited ideological and worldview postulates of the excessive consumption 'culture'. The researcher analyzes peculiarities of the 'performance society', its 'facade' and 'backstage', simulacrums and the phenomenon of hyperreality as well as traces back the connection between consumption and commodification process. The author analyzes the ambivalent nature of values and preferences of post-modern society, the process of substituting the reality with illusions and symbols and the phenomenon of astroturfing. The methodological basis of the article includes ontological and gnoseological principles of dialects, which allows to view the issues under consideration from the point of view of their unity and interdependence. The scientific novelty of the article is caused by the fact that the researcher offers a thesis about the 'theatrical' nature of the consumer society. The results of the research allow to make the following conclusions: 1) the theatricalization phenomenon typical for the post-industrial world needs to be studied further; 2) emphasis should be made on studying the influence of the commodification process on the individual and collective consciousness. 

Keywords: illusion, postmodernism, consumerism, performance society, theatricality, creativity, hyperreality, simulacrum, astroturfing, symbol

References:
Guseva E. S. Novye mifologemy sovremennogo soznaniya: simulyakry (k probleme destruktsii binarizma) [Elektronnyy resurs]. URL: http: // 10[1]. Pdf – Adobe Reader (data poseshcheniya: 15. 10. 2015).
Bodriyyar Zh. V teni molchalivogo bol'shinstva ili Konets sotsial'nogo [Elektronnyy resurs]. URL: http: // gtmarket: ru / laboratory / expertize / 2006 / 125 (data poseshcheniya: 9. 10. 2015).
Debor Gi. Obshchestvo spektaklya [Elektronnyy resurs]. URL: http: www.e –reading.by/bookreader.php/82108/Debor_-_Obshestvo_Spektaklya.h // (data poseshcheniya: 11. 10. 2015).
Il'in V. I. Kreativnyy konsyumerizm kak trend sovremennogo obshchestva potrebleniya [Elektronnyy resurs]. URL: http: Ilyin_2011¬_5[1].pdf – Adobe Reader // (data poseshcheniya: 16. 10. 2015).
Litvinova G. Yu. Giperreal'nost' v epokhu postmodernizma // Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta kul'tury i iskusstva. 2011. ¹2. S. 43-53.
Markuze G. Odnomernyy chelovek. M.: «Relf-book», 1994. 368 s.
Ovsyannikov A. A. Obshchestvo potrebleniya v Rossii: sistemnost' i total'nost' krizisa // Vestnik MGIMO – universiteta. 2010. ¹3(18). S. 222-234.
Shmigin I. M. Filosofiya potrebleniya. Kh.: Gumanitarnyy tsentr, 2009. 304 s.
Shukshina L. V. Sotsial'nye illyuzii kak predmet filosofskogo analiza // Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Povolzhskiy rayon. Gumanitarnye nauki. 2009. ¹1(9). S. 13-20.
Khezmondalsh D. Kul'turnye industrii. M.: Izdatel'skiy dom Vysshey shkoly ekonomiki, 2014. 456 s.

References (transliteration):
Guseva E. S. Novye mifologemy sovremennogo soznaniya: simulyakry (k probleme destruktsii binarizma) [Elektronnyy resurs]. URL: http: // 10[1]. Pdf – Adobe Reader (data poseshcheniya: 15. 10. 2015).
Bodriyyar Zh. V teni molchalivogo bol'shinstva ili Konets sotsial'nogo [Elektronnyy resurs]. URL: http: // gtmarket: ru / laboratory / expertize / 2006 / 125 (data poseshcheniya: 9. 10. 2015).
Debor Gi. Obshchestvo spektaklya [Elektronnyy resurs]. URL: http: www.e –reading.by/bookreader.php/82108/Debor_-_Obshestvo_Spektaklya.h // (data poseshcheniya: 11. 10. 2015).
Il'in V. I. Kreativnyy konsyumerizm kak trend sovremennogo obshchestva potrebleniya [Elektronnyy resurs]. URL: http: Ilyin_2011¬_5[1].pdf – Adobe Reader // (data poseshcheniya: 16. 10. 2015).
Litvinova G. Yu. Giperreal'nost' v epokhu postmodernizma // Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta kul'tury i iskusstva. 2011. ¹2. S. 43-53.
Markuze G. Odnomernyy chelovek. M.: «Relf-book», 1994. 368 s.
Ovsyannikov A. A. Obshchestvo potrebleniya v Rossii: sistemnost' i total'nost' krizisa // Vestnik MGIMO – universiteta. 2010. ¹3(18). S. 222-234.
Shmigin I. M. Filosofiya potrebleniya. Kh.: Gumanitarnyy tsentr, 2009. 304 s.
Shukshina L. V. Sotsial'nye illyuzii kak predmet filosofskogo analiza // Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Povolzhskiy rayon. Gumanitarnye nauki. 2009. ¹1(9). S. 13-20.
Khezmondalsh D. Kul'turnye industrii. M.: Izdatel'skiy dom Vysshey shkoly ekonomiki, 2014. 456 s.

Abstract: The subject of the research is the psychological content of the discourse on migration of fellow citizens into Russia performed through mass media. The authors of the article also anlayze the responses of readers to related articles and researches. They analyze the Internet discussions provoked by articles about fellow citizens going back to Russia. The authors also examine how the main themes of such articles change as the migration policy and Russian environment develop. In their research the authors attempt to trace back the problems and strategies of adaptation of Russian migrans as these are described in mass media. The authors perform the content analysis of mass media publications to study forms of transmitting information about migrants as well as peculiarities of the image of a migrating fellow citizen created by mass media. Practical imortance and novelty of the research are caused by the fact that the authors study the influence of the mass media discourse on building the image of a migrating fellow citizen in public conscience. According to the authors, the majority of the articles being reviewed build a positive image of a refugee and contain a lot of practical information for displaced residents. The discourse presented by mass media encourages readers to help and sympathize fellow citizens who happen to be refugees. The content analysis of publications has also allowed to evaluate the discourse about migrants from Ukraine as stabilising and constructive. The authors make an assumption that the loyal attitude of Russian mass media towards mass migration of refugees is caused by the radical nationalist situation in Ukraine. 

Keywords: image of Russia, content analysis, fellow citizens, Intert forum, social representations, mass media, discourse on migration, image of migrant, image of fellow citizen, adaptation of migrants

References:
Kirichek E.V. Politsiya i sredstva massovoy informatsii v Rossii: pravovoe regulirovanie, problemy i perspektivy vzaimodeystviya // Politika i Obshchestvo.-2014.-12.-C. 1459-1468. DOI: 10.7256/1812-8696.2014.12.10197.
Volokh V.A., Suleymanova Sh.S. Rol' i znachenie mediapolitiki v upravlenii migratsionnymi protsessami // Politika i Obshchestvo.-2015.-10.-C. 1427-1433. DOI: 10.7256/1812-8696.2015.10.15424.
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Iz zhizni ot'ezzhayushchikh //lenta.ru. 14 iyulya 2014 g. URL: http://lenta.ru/articles/2014/07/11/bezhentsy/ (data obrashcheniya 17.10.15).
Grafova L. Kak pomoch' ukrainskim bezhentsam obustroit'sya v Rossii // rg.ru. 13 sentyabrya 2015 g. URL: http://www.rg.ru/2015/08/02/bezhency.html (data obrashcheniya 12.09.15).
Makarov M.L. Dinamika sotsial'nykh predstavleniy v diskurse // Yazykovye podsistemy: stabil'nost' i dvizhenie: Sb. nauch. tr. – Tver': Tver. gos. un-t, 2001. – S. 64-71.
Dobro pozhalovat' ili Postoronnim vkhod vospreshchen // Readovka.ru. 01 sentyabrya 2014 g. URL: http://readovka.ru/blog/society-and-life/3047-dobro-pozhalovat-ili-postoronnim-vhod-vospreshhjon (data obrashcheniya 17.10.15).
V otvete za nadezhdu //lenta.ru 19 avgusta 2014 g. URL: http://lenta.ru/articles/2014/08/19/refugees/ (data obrashcheniya 12.09.15)
Otrezvlyayushchaya smolenskaya real'nost' dlya bezhentsev iz Ukrainy// Readovka.ru. 30 iyulya 2014 g. URL: http://readovka.ru/blog/society-and-life/2692-smolensk_biet_s_noska (data obrashcheniya 12.09.15).
Bezhenka iz Ukrainy opublikovala svoi vpechatleniya ot zhizni v Smolenske //smol.kp.ru 18 yanvarya 2015 g. URL: http://www.smol.kp.ru/daily/26329.2/3213306/ (data obrashcheniya 12.09.15).
V Smolenske priyutili sem'yu bezhentsev iz Ukrainy // smol.kp.ru 17 iyunya 2014 g. URL: http:// smol.kp.ru/online/news/1764305/) (data obrashcheniya 12.09.15).
Pogostili na voyne. Kto i kak spasaet detey s Ukrainy //rg.ru 9 iyulya 2014 g. URL: http://rg.ru/2014/07/09/astahov-site.html/ (data obrashcheniya 12.09.15).
Obshchee gore. Kak ukrainskie bezhentsy ishchut i nakhodyat priyut v Rossii //rg.ru. 1 avgusta 2014 g. URL: http://rg.ru/2014/07/31/bejenci-site.html/ (data obrashcheniya 12.09.15).
Obustroystvo vremennogo ubezhishcha. Kak grazhdane Ukrainy ustraivayutsya v Rossii //lenta.ru. 15 iyulya 2014 g. URL: http://lenta.ru/articles/2014/08/19/refugees/ (data obrashcheniya 12.09.15).
Gudkov L. D. Smeshchennaya agressiya: otnoshenie rossiyan k migrantam // Vestnik obshchestvennogo mneniya. 2005. Noyabr'-dekabr'. ¹ 6 (80). S. 60-77.
Vstrecha. Rasskaz smolyanki o vstreche ukrainskikh bezhentsev //readovka.ru. 7 iyulya 2014g. URL: http://readovka.ru/blog/society-and-life/2479-vstrecha (data obrashcheniya 12.09.15).
Rossiyane gotovy pustit' ukrainskikh bezhentsev v svoi doma // Kommersant.ru. 17 iyulya 2014 g. URL: http://www.kommersant.ru/doc/2526779 (data obrashcheniya 12.09.15).
Issers O. S. Rechevoe vozdeystvie v aspekte kognitivnykh kategoriy // Vestnik Omskogo universiteta. – 1999, Vyp. 1. – S. 74-79.
Bakumova E. V. Rechevye markery sotsial'no-politicheskoy identifikatsii // Yazykovaya lichnost': problemy kognitsii i kommunikatsii. – Volgograd, 2001. – S. 236-241.
Mukomel' V.I. Rossiyskie diskursy o migratsii // Vestnik obshchestvennogo mneniya. 2005. ¹ 1 (75). S. 49-58.
Titov V. N. O formirovanii obraza etnicheskogo immigranta (analiz publikatsiy pressy) // Demoskop Weekly. 22 noyabrya – 5 dekabrya 2004. ¹ 179–180. URL: http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/2004/0179/analit03.php (opublikovano: SOTsIS. 2003. ¹ 11).
Gudkov L. D. Smeshchennaya agressiya: otnoshenie rossiyan k migrantam // Vestnik obshchestvennogo mneniya. 2005. Noyabr'-dekabr'. ¹ 6 (80). S. 60-77.
Filosofskiy entsiklopedicheskiy slovar' /Redkol.: S.S.Averintsev, E.A. Arab-Ogly, L.F.Il'ichev i dr. – 2-e izd. – M.: Sov. entsiklopediya, 1989, s.432.
Monitoring realizatsii Gosudarstvennoy programmy po okazaniyu sodeystviya dobrovol'nomu pereseleniyu v Rossiyskuyu Federatsiyu sootechestvennikov, prozhivayushchikh za rubezhom, na territoriyakh vseleniya sub'ektov Rossiyskoy Federatsii vo I kvartale 2015 g. [Elektronnyy resurs] Rezhim dostupa: http://www.fms.gov.ru/programs/fmsuds/monitoring/1kv_2015.pdf (data obrashcheniya 20.10.2015).
FMS Podmoskov'ya: SMI nastraivayut moskvichey protiv migrantov. 30 yanvarya 2009g. URL: http://www.newsmsk.com/article/30jan2009/obraz_migrant.html (data obrashcheniya 12.09.15).
Monitoring realizatsii Gosudarstvennoy programmy po okazaniyu sodeystviya dobrovol'nomu pereseleniyu v Rossiyskuyu Federatsiyu sootechestvennikov, prozhivayushchikh za rubezhom, na territoriyakh vseleniya sub'ektov Rossiyskoy Federatsii v IV kvartale 2014 g. [Elektronnyy resurs] Rezhim dostupa: http://www.fms.gov.ru/programs/fmsuds/monitoring/4_kv_2014.pdf (data obrashcheniya 20.10.2015).
I. A. Pashinyan Kontent-analiz kak istochnik otsenochnoy
informatsii v issledovanii
imidzha Rossii // Politika i Obshchestvo. - 2012. - 4. - C. 108 - 113.

References (transliteration):
Kirichek E.V. Politsiya i sredstva massovoy informatsii v Rossii: pravovoe regulirovanie, problemy i perspektivy vzaimodeystviya // Politika i Obshchestvo.-2014.-12.-C. 1459-1468. DOI: 10.7256/1812-8696.2014.12.10197.
Volokh V.A., Suleymanova Sh.S. Rol' i znachenie mediapolitiki v upravlenii migratsionnymi protsessami // Politika i Obshchestvo.-2015.-10.-C. 1427-1433. DOI: 10.7256/1812-8696.2015.10.15424.
Nasha perspektiva – Rossiya. Pochemu sootechestvenniki iz Germanii vozvrashchayutsya v Rossiyu? //www.russkie.org. 27 sentyabrya 2007 g. URL: http://www.russkie.org/index.php?id=11242&module=fullitem (data obrashcheniya 12.09.15).
Petukhov A.Yu. Vliyanie psikhologicheskikh operatsiy na politicheskiy protsess v Rossii v usloviyakh informatsionnykh voyn // Natsional'naya bezopasnost' / nota bene.-2015.-5.-C. 648-655. DOI: 10.7256/2073-8560.2015.5.16221.
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Pochemu v Moskvu vozvrashchayutsya te, kto dolgo zhil za granitsey // the-village.ru. 10 oktyabrya 2012 g. URL: http://www.the-village.ru/village/city/people/117661-vernulis (data obrashcheniya 20.11.15).
Dolgiy put' russkikh v Rossiyu // nbm.md. 25 dekabrya 2013 g. URL: http://nbm.md/news/main/dolgij_putj_russkuh_v_rossiyu/default.aspx (data obrashcheniya 20.11.15).
Pochemu lyudi, pokinuvshie Rossiyu, vse ravno vozvrashchayutsya? // okno.ca. 12 noyabrya 2015 g. URL: http://okno.ca/choice/pochemu-lyudi-pokinuvshie-rossiyu-vse-ravno-vozvrashhayutsya.html (data obrashcheniya 20.11.15).
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Pochemu vozvrashchayutsya «russkie nemtsy»? // repin.info 30 oktyabrya 2012 g. URL: http://repin.info/nacionalnyy-otvet/pochemu-vozvrashchayutsya-russkie-nemcy (data obrashcheniya 17.10.15).
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Russkie nemtsy vozvrashchayutsya v Rossiyu // ru-an.info. 18 oktyabrya 2012 g. URL: http://ru-an.info/novosti/russkie-nemtsy-vozvrashchayutsya-v-rossiyu/ (data obrashcheniya 17.10.15).
Russkie nemtsy pokidayut istoricheskuyu rodinu i vozvrashchayutsya v Rossiyu // rg.ru. 8 iyunya 2007 g. URL: http://www.rg.ru/2007/06/08/nemci.html (data obrashcheniya 17.10.15).
V Kareliyu vozvrashchayutsya sootechestvenniki iz Tadzhikistana, Moldovy i Gruzii // russkie.org. 21 fevralya 2013 g. URL: http://www.russkie.org/index.php?module=fullitem&id=28559 (data obrashcheniya 17.10.15).
Vozvrashchenie sootechestvennikov v Rossiyu uskoryaetsya // odnako.org. 10 oktyabrya 2013 g. URL: http://www.odnako.org/blogs/vozvrashchenie-sootechestvennikov-v-rossiyu-uskoryaetsya/ (data obrashcheniya 17.10.15).
Sootechestvenniki vozvrashchayutsya v Rossiyu // windowrussia.ruvr.ru. 4 noyabrya 2012 g. URL: http://windowrussia.ruvr.ru/2012_11_04/Sootechestvenniki-vozvrashhajutsja-v-Rossiju/ (data obrashcheniya 17.10.15).
Byvshie sootechestvenniki vozvrashchayutsya v Rossiyu //news2.ru. 8 oktyabrya 2012 g. URL: http://news2.ru/story/364477/ (data obrashcheniya 17.10.15).
Slyshkin G.G. Ot teksta k simvolu: lingvokul'turnye kontsepty pretsedentnykh tekstov v soznanii i diskurse. – M.: Academia, 2000. –128 s.
Ya ne sobirayus' vozvrashchat'sya. My vsegda schitali sebya russkimi //ruskline.ru 3 iyulya 2014 g. URL: http://ruskline.ru/news_rl/2014/07/03/ya_ne_sobirayus_vozvrawatsya_my_vsegda_schitali_sebya_russkimi/ (data obrashcheniya 17.10.15).
Bezhentsy vozvrashchayutsya iz RF na Donbass: ustali ot nishchety rossiyskoy glubinki i p'yanstva russkikh // glavred.info. 7 aprelya 2015 g. URL: http://glavred.info/zhizn/bezhency-vozvraschayutsya-iz-rf-na-donbass-ustali-ot-nischety-rossiyskoy-glubinki-i-pyanstva-russkih-312468.html (data obrashcheniya 17.10.15).
Iz zhizni ot'ezzhayushchikh //lenta.ru. 14 iyulya 2014 g. URL: http://lenta.ru/articles/2014/07/11/bezhentsy/ (data obrashcheniya 17.10.15).
Grafova L. Kak pomoch' ukrainskim bezhentsam obustroit'sya v Rossii // rg.ru. 13 sentyabrya 2015 g. URL: http://www.rg.ru/2015/08/02/bezhency.html (data obrashcheniya 12.09.15).
Makarov M.L. Dinamika sotsial'nykh predstavleniy v diskurse // Yazykovye podsistemy: stabil'nost' i dvizhenie: Sb. nauch. tr. – Tver': Tver. gos. un-t, 2001. – S. 64-71.
Dobro pozhalovat' ili Postoronnim vkhod vospreshchen // Readovka.ru. 01 sentyabrya 2014 g. URL: http://readovka.ru/blog/society-and-life/3047-dobro-pozhalovat-ili-postoronnim-vhod-vospreshhjon (data obrashcheniya 17.10.15).
V otvete za nadezhdu //lenta.ru 19 avgusta 2014 g. URL: http://lenta.ru/articles/2014/08/19/refugees/ (data obrashcheniya 12.09.15)
Otrezvlyayushchaya smolenskaya real'nost' dlya bezhentsev iz Ukrainy// Readovka.ru. 30 iyulya 2014 g. URL: http://readovka.ru/blog/society-and-life/2692-smolensk_biet_s_noska (data obrashcheniya 12.09.15).
Bezhenka iz Ukrainy opublikovala svoi vpechatleniya ot zhizni v Smolenske //smol.kp.ru 18 yanvarya 2015 g. URL: http://www.smol.kp.ru/daily/26329.2/3213306/ (data obrashcheniya 12.09.15).
V Smolenske priyutili sem'yu bezhentsev iz Ukrainy // smol.kp.ru 17 iyunya 2014 g. URL: http:// smol.kp.ru/online/news/1764305/) (data obrashcheniya 12.09.15).
Pogostili na voyne. Kto i kak spasaet detey s Ukrainy //rg.ru 9 iyulya 2014 g. URL: http://rg.ru/2014/07/09/astahov-site.html/ (data obrashcheniya 12.09.15).
Obshchee gore. Kak ukrainskie bezhentsy ishchut i nakhodyat priyut v Rossii //rg.ru. 1 avgusta 2014 g. URL: http://rg.ru/2014/07/31/bejenci-site.html/ (data obrashcheniya 12.09.15).
Obustroystvo vremennogo ubezhishcha. Kak grazhdane Ukrainy ustraivayutsya v Rossii //lenta.ru. 15 iyulya 2014 g. URL: http://lenta.ru/articles/2014/08/19/refugees/ (data obrashcheniya 12.09.15).
Gudkov L. D. Smeshchennaya agressiya: otnoshenie rossiyan k migrantam // Vestnik obshchestvennogo mneniya. 2005. Noyabr'-dekabr'. ¹ 6 (80). S. 60-77.
Vstrecha. Rasskaz smolyanki o vstreche ukrainskikh bezhentsev //readovka.ru. 7 iyulya 2014g. URL: http://readovka.ru/blog/society-and-life/2479-vstrecha (data obrashcheniya 12.09.15).
Rossiyane gotovy pustit' ukrainskikh bezhentsev v svoi doma // Kommersant.ru. 17 iyulya 2014 g. URL: http://www.kommersant.ru/doc/2526779 (data obrashcheniya 12.09.15).
Issers O. S. Rechevoe vozdeystvie v aspekte kognitivnykh kategoriy // Vestnik Omskogo universiteta. – 1999, Vyp. 1. – S. 74-79.
Bakumova E. V. Rechevye markery sotsial'no-politicheskoy identifikatsii // Yazykovaya lichnost': problemy kognitsii i kommunikatsii. – Volgograd, 2001. – S. 236-241.
Mukomel' V.I. Rossiyskie diskursy o migratsii // Vestnik obshchestvennogo mneniya. 2005. ¹ 1 (75). S. 49-58.
Titov V. N. O formirovanii obraza etnicheskogo immigranta (analiz publikatsiy pressy) // Demoskop Weekly. 22 noyabrya – 5 dekabrya 2004. ¹ 179–180. URL: http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/2004/0179/analit03.php (opublikovano: SOTsIS. 2003. ¹ 11).
Gudkov L. D. Smeshchennaya agressiya: otnoshenie rossiyan k migrantam // Vestnik obshchestvennogo mneniya. 2005. Noyabr'-dekabr'. ¹ 6 (80). S. 60-77.
Filosofskiy entsiklopedicheskiy slovar' /Redkol.: S.S.Averintsev, E.A. Arab-Ogly, L.F.Il'ichev i dr. – 2-e izd. – M.: Sov. entsiklopediya, 1989, s.432.
Monitoring realizatsii Gosudarstvennoy programmy po okazaniyu sodeystviya dobrovol'nomu pereseleniyu v Rossiyskuyu Federatsiyu sootechestvennikov, prozhivayushchikh za rubezhom, na territoriyakh vseleniya sub'ektov Rossiyskoy Federatsii vo I kvartale 2015 g. [Elektronnyy resurs] Rezhim dostupa: http://www.fms.gov.ru/programs/fmsuds/monitoring/1kv_2015.pdf (data obrashcheniya 20.10.2015).
FMS Podmoskov'ya: SMI nastraivayut moskvichey protiv migrantov. 30 yanvarya 2009g. URL: http://www.newsmsk.com/article/30jan2009/obraz_migrant.html (data obrashcheniya 12.09.15).
Monitoring realizatsii Gosudarstvennoy programmy po okazaniyu sodeystviya dobrovol'nomu pereseleniyu v Rossiyskuyu Federatsiyu sootechestvennikov, prozhivayushchikh za rubezhom, na territoriyakh vseleniya sub'ektov Rossiyskoy Federatsii v IV kvartale 2014 g. [Elektronnyy resurs] Rezhim dostupa: http://www.fms.gov.ru/programs/fmsuds/monitoring/4_kv_2014.pdf (data obrashcheniya 20.10.2015).
I. A. Pashinyan Kontent-analiz kak istochnik otsenochnoy
informatsii v issledovanii
imidzha Rossii // Politika i Obshchestvo. - 2012. - 4. - C. 108 - 113.

Abstract: The subject of the present research is the human perception of the inequal distribution of incomes and assets in the modern world. The author of the article appeals to history in order to show that sources of experiencing today's injustice have roots in the past of humanity. Describing the origin of civilization which, according to the author, laid the foundation for the present posture of affairs, the author of the article demonstrates that creation and accumulation of health were a natural process and contracted neither to human nature nor to the logic of the system that we are witnessing today and could have witnessed in the past. The methods of the present research involve historical reenactment, comparative geographical analysis, comparison, general scientific methods of deduction, induction and synthesis. The main conclusions of the present research are the following. Firstly, inequal distribution of wealth is the norm but anomaly within the framework of the system that creates it. Secondly, it does not contracit to human nature but fully agrees thereto. Thirdly, creation of a civilization was an inavoidable process. The scientific novelty of the present research is caused by the fact that the author offers a new approach to studying injustice. The new approach implies viewing injustice as a subjective phenomenon caused by values but not objective reality. 

Keywords: distribution, history, human, system, good, society, injustice, inequality, wealth, world view

References:
Danbar R. Labirint sluchaynykh svyazey. Rasskaz o tom, kak my obshchaemsya, a glavnoe – zachem. – M.: Lomonosov', 2012, 288 s.
Said E. Kul'tura i imperializm. – Sankt-Peterburg: Izdatel'stvo «Vladimir Dal'», 2012, 736 s.
Daymond D.M.. Kollaps. Pochemu odni obshchestva vyzhivayut, a drugie umirayut. – M.: AST, 2008, 768.
Zombart V. Burzhua. Evrei i khozyaystvennaya zhizn'yu – M.: Ayris-Press, 2004, 624 s.
Lebon G. Psikhologiya narodov i mass. – M.: Akademicheskiy proekt, 2011, 240 s.
Piketty T. Capital in the twenty first century. Belknap Press, 2014, 696 p.
Flannery K., Marcus J. The Creation of Inequality: How Our Prehistoric Ancestors Set the Stage for Monarchy, Slavery, and Empire. Harvard University Press, 2012, 646 p.
http://lenta.ru/news/2009/10/06/holes/.

References (transliteration):
Danbar R. Labirint sluchaynykh svyazey. Rasskaz o tom, kak my obshchaemsya, a glavnoe – zachem. – M.: Lomonosov', 2012, 288 s.
Said E. Kul'tura i imperializm. – Sankt-Peterburg: Izdatel'stvo «Vladimir Dal'», 2012, 736 s.
Daymond D.M.. Kollaps. Pochemu odni obshchestva vyzhivayut, a drugie umirayut. – M.: AST, 2008, 768.
Zombart V. Burzhua. Evrei i khozyaystvennaya zhizn'yu – M.: Ayris-Press, 2004, 624 s.
Lebon G. Psikhologiya narodov i mass. – M.: Akademicheskiy proekt, 2011, 240 s.
Piketty T. Capital in the twenty first century. Belknap Press, 2014, 696 p.
Flannery K., Marcus J. The Creation of Inequality: How Our Prehistoric Ancestors Set the Stage for Monarchy, Slavery, and Empire. Harvard University Press, 2012, 646 p.
http://lenta.ru/news/2009/10/06/holes/.

Abstract: The article offers a reconstruction of the ideas of an outstanding American cultural scientist Leslie A. White. Attention is focused on the analysis of his ideas of cultural communication. Reflecting on the origins of language, the author, following White, turns to the philosophical comprehension of man. The main idea of the article is that man should be regarded in three contexts: as a physical object, as a representative of the natural world, and as a human being. White insists on the difference between human beings and animals. He relates this demarcation to the symbolic nature of culture. In his opinion, man has a unique aptitude for symbolic behaviour and hence in each his action and state man experiences the influence of cultural traditions. The author gives a critical assessment of methods of cultural anthropology and introduces important points of the philosophical comprehension of man into analysis of L. White’s conception. The reconstruction of the ideas of L. White creates a need to develop polemic attitude to some of his statements. The conception of L. White and his contribution to cultural science have been discussed by many Russian researchers. However, the scientific legacy of the American scientist is multi-faceted. White’s desire to surpass the framework of evolutional anthropology and to integrate philosophical and anthropological approaches to the analysis of man as a symbolic subject is of special value. L. White saw the significance of his conception in showing the difference between man and animal. In this sense, his ideas are significant for debates with post-modernist approaches that proceed from the principal unity of man and animal.

Keywords: man, culture, symbol, behaviour, speech, genesis, training, meaning, word, reflex

References:
Sadokhin A.P. Vvedenie v teoriyu mezhkul'turnoy kommunikatsii. M.: Vysshaya shkola, 2005. 310 s.
Levi-Stross K. Totemizm segodnya. Nepriruchennaya mysl'. M.: Akademicheskiy proekt, 2008. 520 s.
Zemskov Valeriy. Obraz Rossii v sovremennom mire i drugie syuzhety. M., SPb.: Tsentr gumanitarnykh initsiativ; Gnozis, 2015. 343 s.
Gurevich P.S., Paleeva N.N. Filosofiya kul'tury. 2-e izd., dop. M.: «Kanon+» ROOI «Reabilitatsiya», 2014. 424 s.
Gumbol'dt V. Yazyk i filosofiya kul'tury. M.: Progress, 1985. 451 s.
Anatomiya issledovaniy kul'tury. Simvolicheskoe pole kul'tury. SPb.: Tsentr gumanitarnykh initsiativ, 2011. 384 s.
Antologiya issledovaniy kul'tury. Otrazheniya kul'tury / Sost. L.A. Mostova. SPb.: Tsentr gumanitarnykh initsiativ, 2011. 422 s.
Lubbock J. The Origin of civilisation and the primitive condition of man. L., 1870. 380 p.
White L.A. The science of culture. N.Y., 1949.
Kroeber A.L. Configurations of cultural growth. Berkeley, 1944. 882 p.
Chesnov Ya.V. Narodnaya kul'tura. Filosofsko-antropologicheskiy podkhod. M.: «Kanon+» ROOI «Reabilitatsiya», 2014. 496 s.

References (transliteration):
Sadokhin A.P. Vvedenie v teoriyu mezhkul'turnoy kommunikatsii. M.: Vysshaya shkola, 2005. 310 s.
Levi-Stross K. Totemizm segodnya. Nepriruchennaya mysl'. M.: Akademicheskiy proekt, 2008. 520 s.
Zemskov Valeriy. Obraz Rossii v sovremennom mire i drugie syuzhety. M., SPb.: Tsentr gumanitarnykh initsiativ; Gnozis, 2015. 343 s.
Gurevich P.S., Paleeva N.N. Filosofiya kul'tury. 2-e izd., dop. M.: «Kanon+» ROOI «Reabilitatsiya», 2014. 424 s.
Gumbol'dt V. Yazyk i filosofiya kul'tury. M.: Progress, 1985. 451 s.
Anatomiya issledovaniy kul'tury. Simvolicheskoe pole kul'tury. SPb.: Tsentr gumanitarnykh initsiativ, 2011. 384 s.
Antologiya issledovaniy kul'tury. Otrazheniya kul'tury / Sost. L.A. Mostova. SPb.: Tsentr gumanitarnykh initsiativ, 2011. 422 s.
Lubbock J. The Origin of civilisation and the primitive condition of man. L., 1870. 380 p.
White L.A. The science of culture. N.Y., 1949.
Kroeber A.L. Configurations of cultural growth. Berkeley, 1944. 882 p.
Chesnov Ya.V. Narodnaya kul'tura. Filosofsko-antropologicheskiy podkhod. M.: «Kanon+» ROOI «Reabilitatsiya», 2014. 496 s.

Abstract: This research is devoted to internal freedom and its links with social determinants. The author compared the views of Nikolay Berdyaev and Erich Fromm and made a conclusion that the Russian philosopher was deeper in the problem by virtue of religious basis of his humanism. Berdyaev believes that freedom comes from Ungrund. It has no foundation but it is a foundation of everything. Freedom for him is the clue for any anthropological philosophizing. He denies any social determination of freedom as it appears to be personal challenge, but this challenge might be rejected nevertheless. The paradox is that freedom is much concerned with restrictions. Especially self-restrictions distinguish freedom from self-will; allow person to get free of everything useless, alien and destruction. The author considers the phenomenon of freedom and self-will in terms of good and evil, investigates relationship between freedom and responsibility. Research methods of historical and philosophical analysis, historic comparison and philosophical anthropology are used in the article. The phenomenon of freedom has taken place in the works of many philosophers and each time it presented new meanings and aspects. In this research however it appears as internal freedom which has  an internal sense of personality but not social relationships as a source. 

Keywords: the moral law, responsibility, personality, existentialism, social determination, human existance, perceived need, freedom, self-restriction, self-will

References:
Tul'chinskiy G. L. Filosofskaya antropologiya i ontologiya svobody. // Zhizn' cheloveka: opyt mezhdistsiplinarnogo issledovaniya.-SPb: IPBCh, 1997
Gurevich P. S. Diagnostika chelovecheskikh strastey. Predislovie. // Fromm E. Begstvo ot svobody. M., 2004
Volkogonova O. D. N.Berdyaev: Intellektual'naya biografiya. M., 2002
Berlin I. Dve kontseptsii svobody. // http://krotov.info/library/02_b/er/lin.htm
Berdyaev N. A. Filosofiya svobody. M., 1911
Berdyaev N. A. Filosofiya svobodnogo dukha. M.: Respublika, 1994
Mandel'shtam N. Vtoraya kniga. M., 1990
Sartr Zh.-P. Bytie i nichto: Opyt fenomenologicheskoy ontologii. // http://psylib.org.ua/books/sartr03/index.htm
Filosofskiy entsiklopedicheskiy slovar'. M.: INFRA-M. 2000
Yaspers K. Filosofiya. Prosvetlenie ekzistentsii. M., 2012
Mey R. Novyy vzglyad na svobodu i otvetstvennost'. // http://psylib.org.ua/books/_meyro05.htm
Berdyaev N.A. O rabstve i svobode. Parizh, 1939
Berdyaev N. A. Smysl tvorchestva. M., 1916
Berdyaev N. A. O naznachenii cheloveka. Opyt paradoksal'noy etiki. Parizh, 1931
Fromm E. Zdorovoe obshchestvo. M., 2005
Fromm E. Begstvo ot svobody. M. 2004
Arendt Kh. Chto est' svoboda? // Voprosy filosofii. ¹4, 2014g
Popper K. Otkrytoe obshchestvo i ego vragi. Tom II. M., 1992
Gurevich P. S. Filosofiya. Uchebnik dlya psikhologov. M., 2007
Bibler V.S. Nravstvennost'. Kul'tura. Sovremennost'. M., 1988
Lenin V. Partiynaya organizatsiya i partiynaya literatura / Polnoe Sobranie Sochineniy, 5-e izd., t. 12
Pomerants G. Zapiski gadkogo utenka. M.-SPb: Tsentr Gumanitarnykh Initsiativ, 2012
Frankl V. Dukhovnost', svoboda i otvetstvennost'. // Chelovek v poiskakh smysla. M.: "Progress", 1990
Fromm E. Chelovek dlya samogo sebya. M. 2004
Epiktet. V chem nashe blago? M., 1904
Yu.V. Shchelokova Chelovek v traktovke Erikha Fromma. // Psikhologiya i Psikhotekhnika.-2011.-8.-C. 8-17.
Avalyan S.A. INDIVID I OBShchESTVO: DVA RAZNYKh PODKhODA (Opyt osmysleniya kontseptsii E. Tirik'yana) // Pedagogika i prosveshchenie.-2014.-2.-C. 67-84. DOI: 10.7256/2306-434X.2014.2.13030.

References (transliteration):
Tul'chinskiy G. L. Filosofskaya antropologiya i ontologiya svobody. // Zhizn' cheloveka: opyt mezhdistsiplinarnogo issledovaniya.-SPb: IPBCh, 1997
Gurevich P. S. Diagnostika chelovecheskikh strastey. Predislovie. // Fromm E. Begstvo ot svobody. M., 2004
Volkogonova O. D. N.Berdyaev: Intellektual'naya biografiya. M., 2002
Berlin I. Dve kontseptsii svobody. // http://krotov.info/library/02_b/er/lin.htm
Berdyaev N. A. Filosofiya svobody. M., 1911
Berdyaev N. A. Filosofiya svobodnogo dukha. M.: Respublika, 1994
Mandel'shtam N. Vtoraya kniga. M., 1990
Sartr Zh.-P. Bytie i nichto: Opyt fenomenologicheskoy ontologii. // http://psylib.org.ua/books/sartr03/index.htm
Filosofskiy entsiklopedicheskiy slovar'. M.: INFRA-M. 2000
Yaspers K. Filosofiya. Prosvetlenie ekzistentsii. M., 2012
Mey R. Novyy vzglyad na svobodu i otvetstvennost'. // http://psylib.org.ua/books/_meyro05.htm
Berdyaev N.A. O rabstve i svobode. Parizh, 1939
Berdyaev N. A. Smysl tvorchestva. M., 1916
Berdyaev N. A. O naznachenii cheloveka. Opyt paradoksal'noy etiki. Parizh, 1931
Fromm E. Zdorovoe obshchestvo. M., 2005
Fromm E. Begstvo ot svobody. M. 2004
Arendt Kh. Chto est' svoboda? // Voprosy filosofii. ¹4, 2014g
Popper K. Otkrytoe obshchestvo i ego vragi. Tom II. M., 1992
Gurevich P. S. Filosofiya. Uchebnik dlya psikhologov. M., 2007
Bibler V.S. Nravstvennost'. Kul'tura. Sovremennost'. M., 1988
Lenin V. Partiynaya organizatsiya i partiynaya literatura / Polnoe Sobranie Sochineniy, 5-e izd., t. 12
Pomerants G. Zapiski gadkogo utenka. M.-SPb: Tsentr Gumanitarnykh Initsiativ, 2012
Frankl V. Dukhovnost', svoboda i otvetstvennost'. // Chelovek v poiskakh smysla. M.: "Progress", 1990
Fromm E. Chelovek dlya samogo sebya. M. 2004
Epiktet. V chem nashe blago? M., 1904
Yu.V. Shchelokova Chelovek v traktovke Erikha Fromma. // Psikhologiya i Psikhotekhnika.-2011.-8.-C. 8-17.
Avalyan S.A. INDIVID I OBShchESTVO: DVA RAZNYKh PODKhODA (Opyt osmysleniya kontseptsii E. Tirik'yana) // Pedagogika i prosveshchenie.-2014.-2.-C. 67-84. DOI: 10.7256/2306-434X.2014.2.13030.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the analysis of the discourse about elitism that is issued by a number of Russian Internet projects as an instrument for developing a reputation of the mass media intended for more educated and qualified groups of the modern Russian society. The author is referring to such projects as Afisha.ru, Bg.ru, Lookatme, Openspace (2008-2012), Colta, Esquire and Snob that (re)produce one of the most significant elitist discourses in modern Russia. The research is based on the articles published during the period since 2008 till 2013. By using the method of discourse analysis as the main analytical instrument of research, Eltsova defines and systematizes particular strategies and mechanisms for building up the reputation of these editions as media products identifying a high social status of the target audience. The results of research, first of all, proves the initial statement that these media projects oppose themselves to what they see as editions for mass audience, or ‘glamour’. Noteworthy that the basic feature of ‘non-glamourness’ or even ‘anti-glamourness’ of this or that edition on the list is a ‘long text’ implicitly represented as a ‘qualitative text’ based on the logic of the analyzed discourse. At the same time, rhetoric of the ‘elitist’ status of this or that media projects being studied is negated when the discussion drifts to the economic aspects of such projects. Finally, due to the influence of financial and marketing rhetoric, the image of the target audience as the ‘educated minority’ (that had been defined at the previous stages of research) is now completed with the image of the ‘average intelligent person’.

Keywords: psychology, elitism, status-associated practices, elitist discourse, media representations, discourse-analysis, creating the brand reputation, audience creation, media-format.

References:
IX.Tsentsiper: Po obrazovaniyu ya direktor tsirka, Rezhim dostupa: http://os.colta.ru/media/paper/details/12050/?expand=yes#expand; data obrashcheniya 28.07.2014;
VIII.Uskov: ne khochetsya obizhat' tekh, kto delal Snob ran'she, Rezhim dostupa: http://gorod.afisha.ru/archive/uskov-snob/; data obrashcheniya 28.07.2014;
IV.Vinokurov: Internet i zhurnal v kafe – nepopulyarnye kanaly distributsii kontenta u sluzhb rezhima, Rezhim dostupa: http://os.colta.ru/media/paper/details/37673/; data obrashcheniya 28.07.2014;
V.Gorod, vozdukh i volna, Rezhim dostupa: http://www.colta.ru/articles/media/859; data obrashcheniya 28.07.2014;
VI.Kazakov: dlya Il'i eto bylo sistemnym sboem, Rezhim dostupa: http://os.colta.ru//media/paper/details/1914/; data obrashcheniya 28.07.2014;
VII.Pryamaya rech': Masha Gessen, Rezhim dostupa: http://www.lookatme.ru/flow/posts/media-radar/115607-pryamaya-rech-masha-gessen; data obrashcheniya 28.07.2014;
Spisok analiziruemykh istochnikov:
I.Bakhtin: dryan' poydet svoey dorogoy, Rezhim dostupa: http://gorod.afisha.ru/archive/bahtos; data obrashcheniya 28.07.2014;
II.Bakhtin: menya perestala radovat' sut' professii, Rezhim dostupa: http://os.colta.ru/media/paper/details/30364/; data obrashcheniya 28.07.2014; 19. III.Bol'shoy Gorod – ne otkrytoe pis'mo chinovnikam, Rezhim dostupa: http://os.colta.ru/media/paper/details/14976/; data obrashcheniya 28.07.2014;
Gudkov L., Dubin B., Levada Yu. Problema elity v segodnyashney Rossii. M., 2007
Kurennoy V. A. Novaya gorodskaya romantika. Politicheskie i kul'tur-sotsial'nye aspekty noveyshego rossiyskogo protesta // Logos ¹ 2 2012, str. 30-45;
Kalinin I. V. Industrial'nyy gorizont kreativnykh industriy // Neprikosnovennyy zapas ¹ 6 (92) 2013 [Elektronnyy resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2013/6/14k.html;
Trubina E.G. Primiryayas' s upadkom. Ruiny 2.0 // Neprikosnovennyy zapas ¹ 3 (89) 2013 [Elektronnyy resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2013/3/14t-pr.html;
Programma i materialy konferentsii ‘Middle’ and ‘Creative’: Emerging Russian Social Groups in Language and in Culture, sostoyavsheysya 26-25 oktyabrya 2013 v Tsentre printsessy Dashkovoy Edinburgskogo universiteta [Elektronnyy resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.ed.ac.uk/schools-departments/literatures-languages-cultures/dashkova/research-resources/middle-creative-programme/;
Rutten E. The Faces and Spaces of a Russian Culture-News Portal: www.openspace.ru, Digital Icons: Studies in Russian, Eurasian and Central European New Media, ¹6 (2011): 93-103;
Roesen T. www.snob.ru: A Social Network Site for the Elite, Digital Icons: Studies in Russian, Eurasian and Central European New Media, ¹6 (2011): 81-92;
El'tsova K. K. «Kachestvennye media» dlya «obrazovannogo men'shinstva»: analiz diskursa ob elitarnosti v rossiyskikh novykh media» // «Filosofiya i Kul'tura», ¹ 8 2014 g. 12. Spisok elektronnykh resursov, ne vkhodyashchikh v osnovnoy korpus analiziruemykh publikatsiy: 13. Internet-publikatsiya «Maksim Koval'skiy opublikoval stat'yu Mikhaila Khodorkovskogo v zhurnale “Kommersant'-Vlast'”», (16.06.2009; http://www.snob.ru/fp/entry/3900?preview=print); 14. Internet-publikatsiya «Dmitriy Golubovskiy: “Esquire kak narushal, tak i budet narushat'” (16.11.2011; http://os.colta.ru/media/paper/details/31881/?expand=yes&attempt=1); 15. Internet-publikatsiya «Pryamaya rech': glavnyy redaktor Esquire Filipp Bakhtin», (aprel' 2010 g; http://besttoday.ru/read/515.html);
Internet-publikatsiya «Eto zven'ya odnoy grebanoy tsepi» na portale Openspace (2008-2012), (07.06.2012; http://os.colta.ru/media/paper/details/37626).
Fuko M. Poryadok diskursa // Volya k istine: po tu storonu znaniya, vlasti i seksual'nosti. Raboty raznykh let. Per. s frants.— M., Kastal', 1996.— 448 s.
Hall S. The Work of Representation // Representation: Cultural Representation and Signifying Practices, The Open University 1997, pp. 13-75
El'tsova K. K. «Kachestvennye media» dlya «obrazovannogo men'shinstva»: analiz diskursa ob elitarnosti v rossiyskikh novykh media» // «Filosofiya i Kul'tura», ¹ 8 2014 g.;
El'tsova K.K. Diskursy ob elitarnykh gruppakh v sovremennoy Rossii (analiz publikatsiy v novykh media) // «Vestnik RGGU. Seriya Politologiya», 2015 g., prinyato k publikatsii;
X.Yakovlev: Snob – eto ne shlyagernaya zhurnalistika, Rezhim dostupa: http://os.colta.ru/media/paper/details/3763/; data obrashcheniya 28.07.2014.

References (transliteration):
IX.Tsentsiper: Po obrazovaniyu ya direktor tsirka, Rezhim dostupa: http://os.colta.ru/media/paper/details/12050/?expand=yes#expand; data obrashcheniya 28.07.2014;
VIII.Uskov: ne khochetsya obizhat' tekh, kto delal Snob ran'she, Rezhim dostupa: http://gorod.afisha.ru/archive/uskov-snob/; data obrashcheniya 28.07.2014;
IV.Vinokurov: Internet i zhurnal v kafe – nepopulyarnye kanaly distributsii kontenta u sluzhb rezhima, Rezhim dostupa: http://os.colta.ru/media/paper/details/37673/; data obrashcheniya 28.07.2014;
V.Gorod, vozdukh i volna, Rezhim dostupa: http://www.colta.ru/articles/media/859; data obrashcheniya 28.07.2014;
VI.Kazakov: dlya Il'i eto bylo sistemnym sboem, Rezhim dostupa: http://os.colta.ru//media/paper/details/1914/; data obrashcheniya 28.07.2014;
VII.Pryamaya rech': Masha Gessen, Rezhim dostupa: http://www.lookatme.ru/flow/posts/media-radar/115607-pryamaya-rech-masha-gessen; data obrashcheniya 28.07.2014;
Spisok analiziruemykh istochnikov:
I.Bakhtin: dryan' poydet svoey dorogoy, Rezhim dostupa: http://gorod.afisha.ru/archive/bahtos; data obrashcheniya 28.07.2014;
II.Bakhtin: menya perestala radovat' sut' professii, Rezhim dostupa: http://os.colta.ru/media/paper/details/30364/; data obrashcheniya 28.07.2014; 19. III.Bol'shoy Gorod – ne otkrytoe pis'mo chinovnikam, Rezhim dostupa: http://os.colta.ru/media/paper/details/14976/; data obrashcheniya 28.07.2014;
Gudkov L., Dubin B., Levada Yu. Problema elity v segodnyashney Rossii. M., 2007
Kurennoy V. A. Novaya gorodskaya romantika. Politicheskie i kul'tur-sotsial'nye aspekty noveyshego rossiyskogo protesta // Logos ¹ 2 2012, str. 30-45;
Kalinin I. V. Industrial'nyy gorizont kreativnykh industriy // Neprikosnovennyy zapas ¹ 6 (92) 2013 [Elektronnyy resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2013/6/14k.html;
Trubina E.G. Primiryayas' s upadkom. Ruiny 2.0 // Neprikosnovennyy zapas ¹ 3 (89) 2013 [Elektronnyy resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://magazines.russ.ru/nz/2013/3/14t-pr.html;
Programma i materialy konferentsii ‘Middle’ and ‘Creative’: Emerging Russian Social Groups in Language and in Culture, sostoyavsheysya 26-25 oktyabrya 2013 v Tsentre printsessy Dashkovoy Edinburgskogo universiteta [Elektronnyy resurs]. – Rezhim dostupa: http://www.ed.ac.uk/schools-departments/literatures-languages-cultures/dashkova/research-resources/middle-creative-programme/;
Rutten E. The Faces and Spaces of a Russian Culture-News Portal: www.openspace.ru, Digital Icons: Studies in Russian, Eurasian and Central European New Media, ¹6 (2011): 93-103;
Roesen T. www.snob.ru: A Social Network Site for the Elite, Digital Icons: Studies in Russian, Eurasian and Central European New Media, ¹6 (2011): 81-92;
El'tsova K. K. «Kachestvennye media» dlya «obrazovannogo men'shinstva»: analiz diskursa ob elitarnosti v rossiyskikh novykh media» // «Filosofiya i Kul'tura», ¹ 8 2014 g. 12. Spisok elektronnykh resursov, ne vkhodyashchikh v osnovnoy korpus analiziruemykh publikatsiy: 13. Internet-publikatsiya «Maksim Koval'skiy opublikoval stat'yu Mikhaila Khodorkovskogo v zhurnale “Kommersant'-Vlast'”», (16.06.2009; http://www.snob.ru/fp/entry/3900?preview=print); 14. Internet-publikatsiya «Dmitriy Golubovskiy: “Esquire kak narushal, tak i budet narushat'” (16.11.2011; http://os.colta.ru/media/paper/details/31881/?expand=yes&attempt=1); 15. Internet-publikatsiya «Pryamaya rech': glavnyy redaktor Esquire Filipp Bakhtin», (aprel' 2010 g; http://besttoday.ru/read/515.html);
Internet-publikatsiya «Eto zven'ya odnoy grebanoy tsepi» na portale Openspace (2008-2012), (07.06.2012; http://os.colta.ru/media/paper/details/37626).
Fuko M. Poryadok diskursa // Volya k istine: po tu storonu znaniya, vlasti i seksual'nosti. Raboty raznykh let. Per. s frants.— M., Kastal', 1996.— 448 s.
Hall S. The Work of Representation // Representation: Cultural Representation and Signifying Practices, The Open University 1997, pp. 13-75
El'tsova K. K. «Kachestvennye media» dlya «obrazovannogo men'shinstva»: analiz diskursa ob elitarnosti v rossiyskikh novykh media» // «Filosofiya i Kul'tura», ¹ 8 2014 g.;
El'tsova K.K. Diskursy ob elitarnykh gruppakh v sovremennoy Rossii (analiz publikatsiy v novykh media) // «Vestnik RGGU. Seriya Politologiya», 2015 g., prinyato k publikatsii;
X.Yakovlev: Snob – eto ne shlyagernaya zhurnalistika, Rezhim dostupa: http://os.colta.ru/media/paper/details/3763/; data obrashcheniya 28.07.2014.

Abstract: In this article the author examines the phenomenon of a philosophical movement ‘conservative revolution’ which started in Germany during the first third of the last century and made a great influence on the political and intellectual development of Germany. Parkhomenko proves that conservative revolution reflected peculiarities of German mentality which, on the one hand, estranged it from classical Western ideology of liberalism and individualism and, on the other hand, brought it closer to the Russian tradition of sobornost (national unity) and collectivism. The research methodology has involved the study of original texts in German as well as scientific literature that has been published in our country lately. Parkhomenko describes the main peculiarities of the philosophical and political movement of conservative revolution in Germany. Those peculiarities influenced the unique adoption of Western liberal ideas of Anglo-Saxons in Germany and led to the development of their own concept of freedom. In addition, the author of the article reveals specific features of German mentality and compares German mentality to Russian mentality.

Keywords: conservative revolution, Germany, Russia, freedom, collectivism, mentality, liberalism, nationalism, individualism, politics.

References:
Grinfel'd L. Natsionalizm: pyat' putey k sovremennosti. M., 2008.
Mann T. Kul'tura i politika // Mann T. Sobr. soch. v 10-ti t. M., 1961. T. 10.
Mann T. Germaniya i nemtsy // Mann T. Sobr. soch. v 10-ti t. M., 1961. T. 10.
Mikhaylovskiy A.V. Konservativnaya revolyutsiya: apologiya gospodstva // Blyakher L.E., Mezhuev B.V., Pavlov A.V. (pod red.) Kontsept «revolyutsiya» v sovremennom politicheskom diskurse. SPb., 2008.
Parkhomenko R.N. Ideya svobody v konservativnoy intellektual'noy traditsii: Rossiya i Germaniya. Monografiya. M.: Lenand, 2014.
Pivovarov Yu.S. Russkaya vlast' i istoricheskie tipy ee osmysleniya // Mikhaylov S.V. i dr. (pod red.) Rossiyskaya politiya na rubezhe vekov. K desyatiletiyu Fonda «Rossiyskiy obshchestvenno-politicheskiy tsentr». M., 2001.
Pivovarov Yu.S. Polnaya gibel' vser'ez: Izbrannye raboty. M.: ROSSPEN, 2004. 320 s.
Rutkevich A.M. Prusskiy sotsializm i konservativnaya revolyutsiya // Rutkevich A.M. Konservatory XX v. M., 2006. S. 77.
Rutkevich A.M. Konservativnaya revolyutsiya // Novaya filosofskaya entsiklopediya. T. 2. M., 2010. S. 287.
Trel'ch E. Nemetskaya ideya svobody (1925) // Abramov M.A. (pod red.) O svobode. Antologiya mirovoy liberal'noy mysli (I polovina KhKh v.). M., 2000.
Yunger E. Rabochiy. Gospodstvo i geshtal't: Total'naya mobilizatsiya. O boli. SPb., 2000. S. 279.
Löwentahl R. Teilnahme an der Diskussion // Miller S./ Ristau M. (Hgg.). Erben der deutschen Geschichte. Hamburg, 1988.
Mann Thomas Betrachtungen eines Unpolitischen. Frankfurt a.M., 1983.
Mohler A. Die konservative Revolution in Deutschland 1918-1932: Grundriss ihrer Weltanschauungen. Stuttgart, 1950.
Pivovarov J. Der ungeliebte Liberalismus // Luks L./O’Sullivan D. (Hgg.) Russland und Deutschland im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert: Zwei «Sonderwege» im Vergleich. Köln/Weimar/Wien, 2001.
Parkhomenko R. Cassirers politische Philosophie: Zwischen allgemeiner Kulturtheorie und Totalitarismus-Debatte. Karlsruhe: Universitätsverlag Karlsruhe, 2007.
Plessner H. Die verspätete Nation. Stuttgart, 1962.
O’Sullivan D. Der Wille zur Macht – deutsche und russische Sonderwege aus westlicher Sicht // Luks L./O’Sullivan D. (Hgg.) Russland und Deutschland im
und
Jahrhundert: Zwei «Sonderwege» im Vergleich. Köln/Weimar/Wien, 2001.
Parkhomenko R.N. Rossiya i Zapad: pravo protiv morali? // Politika i Obshchestvo. - 2014. - 3. - C. 302 - 312. DOI: 10.7256/1812-8696.2014.3.9497.
R.N. Parkhomenko «Russkaya ideya» v sovremennom mire // Pedagogika i prosveshchenie. - 2011. - 4. - C. 38 - 46.

References (transliteration):
Grinfel'd L. Natsionalizm: pyat' putey k sovremennosti. M., 2008.
Mann T. Kul'tura i politika // Mann T. Sobr. soch. v 10-ti t. M., 1961. T. 10.
Mann T. Germaniya i nemtsy // Mann T. Sobr. soch. v 10-ti t. M., 1961. T. 10.
Mikhaylovskiy A.V. Konservativnaya revolyutsiya: apologiya gospodstva // Blyakher L.E., Mezhuev B.V., Pavlov A.V. (pod red.) Kontsept «revolyutsiya» v sovremennom politicheskom diskurse. SPb., 2008.
Parkhomenko R.N. Ideya svobody v konservativnoy intellektual'noy traditsii: Rossiya i Germaniya. Monografiya. M.: Lenand, 2014.
Pivovarov Yu.S. Russkaya vlast' i istoricheskie tipy ee osmysleniya // Mikhaylov S.V. i dr. (pod red.) Rossiyskaya politiya na rubezhe vekov. K desyatiletiyu Fonda «Rossiyskiy obshchestvenno-politicheskiy tsentr». M., 2001.
Pivovarov Yu.S. Polnaya gibel' vser'ez: Izbrannye raboty. M.: ROSSPEN, 2004. 320 s.
Rutkevich A.M. Prusskiy sotsializm i konservativnaya revolyutsiya // Rutkevich A.M. Konservatory XX v. M., 2006. S. 77.
Rutkevich A.M. Konservativnaya revolyutsiya // Novaya filosofskaya entsiklopediya. T. 2. M., 2010. S. 287.
Trel'ch E. Nemetskaya ideya svobody (1925) // Abramov M.A. (pod red.) O svobode. Antologiya mirovoy liberal'noy mysli (I polovina KhKh v.). M., 2000.
Yunger E. Rabochiy. Gospodstvo i geshtal't: Total'naya mobilizatsiya. O boli. SPb., 2000. S. 279.
Löwentahl R. Teilnahme an der Diskussion // Miller S./ Ristau M. (Hgg.). Erben der deutschen Geschichte. Hamburg, 1988.
Mann Thomas Betrachtungen eines Unpolitischen. Frankfurt a.M., 1983.
Mohler A. Die konservative Revolution in Deutschland 1918-1932: Grundriss ihrer Weltanschauungen. Stuttgart, 1950.
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Parkhomenko R.N. Rossiya i Zapad: pravo protiv morali? // Politika i Obshchestvo. - 2014. - 3. - C. 302 - 312. DOI: 10.7256/1812-8696.2014.3.9497.
R.N. Parkhomenko «Russkaya ideya» v sovremennom mire // Pedagogika i prosveshchenie. - 2011. - 4. - C. 38 - 46.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the relation between the level of civil identity and psychological component of social capital. Social capital is a term used to describe social intercourse and institutionalized relations based on mutual recognition. The basis of social capital is the basic positive characteristics of interaction between people and different social groups including trust, honesty, cohesion and solidarity. Distrust and dishonesty as well as the absence of a natural feeling of solidarity in human relations hinder cooperation and destroy he entire system of human and social relations. Psychological characteristics of social capital play an important role in the development of civil identity that is realized through special civil practices based on free choice, personal responsibility and their inclusion in the structure of social relations in a civil society. The hypothesis of the present research is that there is a linear relation between psychological components of social capital and the level of civil identity. According to the authors, this relation demonstrates that adoption of civil society attitudes creates grounds for the individual intensity of social capital. To diagnose characteristics of the civil identity, the authors have used the projective technique ‘Civil Identity’ offered by M. Akimova and E. Gorbachev. The stimulus material included 27 pictures of everyday situations. Interpretation of these situations allowed to say whether a person accepts or rejects values of civil society. To evaluate social capital, the authors have used the three questionnaires for trust-based relations, legitimization of dishonesty and solidarity. Social capital can be viewed as a consequence of civil identity of individuals while identity should be used as a factor of consolidation of social ties and regulation of individual’s behavior and social standards, attitudes and values adopted by the individual. This is explained by the fact that one’s identification with a social group does not only mean to be a member of the group, but also to accept the main attitudes and values of the social group as well as to understand whether these attitudes and values are acceptable for that individual. The comparative analysis of the two group of students (aged 19 – 22), from Moscow (n-27) and Orekhovo-Zuevo (n=50) has revealed that students from a Moscow University have higher results according to all methods compared to the students from Orekhovo-Zuevo. At the same time, while high results in civil identity, trust-based relations and solidarity tests create a positive image of Moscow students, high points received in the legitimization of dishonesty test mean that Moscow students more often allow themselves to be dishonest in their relations with the others (i.e. ‘legitimize’ dishonesty). However, the authors of the present article do not focus on the analysis and interpretation of these data because the main purpose of the present article is to prove the relation between the level of civil identity and psychological aspects of social capital. To statistically process the obtained data, the authors have used the Spearmen’s correlation analysis. The research has determined a statistically significant positive relation between the level of civil identity and trust and solidarity in both groups of students and a statistically significant negative relation between the level of civil identity and legitimization of dishonesty in case of Moscow students. This means that the more students identity themselves as members of the civil society, the more they trust one another, they more solidarity they have and the less acceptable they find dishonesty towards other members of the civil society.

Keywords: civil identity, civil practices, civil society, civil rights, social capital, components of social capital, trust-based relations, legitimization, solidarity, cohesion.

References:
Znakov V.V. Nepravda, lozh' i obman kak problemy psikhologii ponimaniya //Voprosy psikhologii. 1993. ¹ 2. S. 9-16.
Dubin B.V. 34 % rossiyan s vysshim obrazovaniem nikogda ne chitali knig. I ne khotyat // Novaya gazeta. ¹ 68. 28.06. 2010.
Drobizheva L.M. Protsessy grazhdanskoy integratsii v polietnicheskom rossiyskom obshchestve // «Obshchestvennye nauki i sovremennost'». 2008. ¹2. S.68-77.
Dondurey D. «Vse soglasny na moral'nuyu katastrofu» // Novaya gazeta. ¹ 125. 9.11.2011.
Auzan A. «Lomayte zabory!» // Novaya gazeta. ¹ 107. 21.09.2012.
Vaynrikh Kh. Lingvistika lzhi. Yazyk i modelirovanie sotsial'nogo vzaimodeystviya. M.: Progress,1987. S. 47.
Asmolov A.G. Strategiya sotsiokul'turnoy modernizatsii obrazovaniya: na puti k preodoleniyu krizisa identichnosti i postroeniyu grazhdanskogo obshchestva //Voprosy obrazovaniya. 2008. ¹ 3. S. 65-86.
Akimova M.K., Gorbacheva E.I., Kozlova V.T., Stolyarova V.A., Yaroshevskaya S.V. Normativoprinyatie kak psikhologicheskoe uslovie sotsial'nogo kapitala v raznykh obrazovatel'no-vozrastnykh gruppakh //Prikladnaya yuridicheskaya psikhologiya. 2012. ¹ 3. S. 146-153.
Akimova M.K., Gorbacheva E.I. Normativnyy podkhod v psikhodiagnostike: obosnovanie i razrabotka metodiki // Teoreticheskaya i eksperimental'naya psikhologiya. 2013.Tom 6. ¹ 2.
Abul'khanova-Slavskaya K.A. Strategiya zhizni. M.: Mysl', 1990.
Akimova M.K. Individual'no-psikhologicheskie razlichiya v razvitii komponentov sotsial'nogo kapitala u rossiyskoy molodezhi // Differentsial'naya psikhologiya i differentsial'naya psikhofiziologiya segodnya. Materialy konferentsii, posvyashchennoy 115-letiyu B.M.Teplova 10-11 noyabrya 2011g. M.: Smysl, 2011. S.34-43.
Ivanova N.L., Mazilova G.B. Grazhdanskaya identichnost' i formirovanie grazhdanstvennosti // Uchenye zapiski pedagogicheskogo instituta Saratovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta im. N.G. Chernyshevskogo. Seriya Psikhologiya. Pedagogika, 2010. T. 3. ¹ 4(12). S. 11-20.
Tatarko A.N., Lebedeva N.M. Funktsional'naya rol' grazhdanskoy identichnoti v strukture sotsial'nogo kapitala. V sb.nauch.st.: Identichnost' i organizatsiya v menyayushchemsya mire //pod red.N.M.Lebedevoy, N.L.Ivanovoy, V.A.Shtroo. M.: Izd.dom GU VShE, 2008. S. 13-39.
Tleuzh A.Kh. Konstruirovanie rossiyskoy kollektivnoy identichnosti. M.: «Sotsial'no-gumanitarnye znaniya», 2010.
Tajfel H., Turner J.C. The social identity theory of intergroup behavior // Psychology of intergroup Relations. Chicago, 1986. P. 7-24.

References (transliteration):
Znakov V.V. Nepravda, lozh' i obman kak problemy psikhologii ponimaniya //Voprosy psikhologii. 1993. ¹ 2. S. 9-16.
Dubin B.V. 34 % rossiyan s vysshim obrazovaniem nikogda ne chitali knig. I ne khotyat // Novaya gazeta. ¹ 68. 28.06. 2010.
Drobizheva L.M. Protsessy grazhdanskoy integratsii v polietnicheskom rossiyskom obshchestve // «Obshchestvennye nauki i sovremennost'». 2008. ¹2. S.68-77.
Dondurey D. «Vse soglasny na moral'nuyu katastrofu» // Novaya gazeta. ¹ 125. 9.11.2011.
Auzan A. «Lomayte zabory!» // Novaya gazeta. ¹ 107. 21.09.2012.
Vaynrikh Kh. Lingvistika lzhi. Yazyk i modelirovanie sotsial'nogo vzaimodeystviya. M.: Progress,1987. S. 47.
Asmolov A.G. Strategiya sotsiokul'turnoy modernizatsii obrazovaniya: na puti k preodoleniyu krizisa identichnosti i postroeniyu grazhdanskogo obshchestva //Voprosy obrazovaniya. 2008. ¹ 3. S. 65-86.
Akimova M.K., Gorbacheva E.I., Kozlova V.T., Stolyarova V.A., Yaroshevskaya S.V. Normativoprinyatie kak psikhologicheskoe uslovie sotsial'nogo kapitala v raznykh obrazovatel'no-vozrastnykh gruppakh //Prikladnaya yuridicheskaya psikhologiya. 2012. ¹ 3. S. 146-153.
Akimova M.K., Gorbacheva E.I. Normativnyy podkhod v psikhodiagnostike: obosnovanie i razrabotka metodiki // Teoreticheskaya i eksperimental'naya psikhologiya. 2013.Tom 6. ¹ 2.
Abul'khanova-Slavskaya K.A. Strategiya zhizni. M.: Mysl', 1990.
Akimova M.K. Individual'no-psikhologicheskie razlichiya v razvitii komponentov sotsial'nogo kapitala u rossiyskoy molodezhi // Differentsial'naya psikhologiya i differentsial'naya psikhofiziologiya segodnya. Materialy konferentsii, posvyashchennoy 115-letiyu B.M.Teplova 10-11 noyabrya 2011g. M.: Smysl, 2011. S.34-43.
Ivanova N.L., Mazilova G.B. Grazhdanskaya identichnost' i formirovanie grazhdanstvennosti // Uchenye zapiski pedagogicheskogo instituta Saratovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta im. N.G. Chernyshevskogo. Seriya Psikhologiya. Pedagogika, 2010. T. 3. ¹ 4(12). S. 11-20.
Tatarko A.N., Lebedeva N.M. Funktsional'naya rol' grazhdanskoy identichnoti v strukture sotsial'nogo kapitala. V sb.nauch.st.: Identichnost' i organizatsiya v menyayushchemsya mire //pod red.N.M.Lebedevoy, N.L.Ivanovoy, V.A.Shtroo. M.: Izd.dom GU VShE, 2008. S. 13-39.
Tleuzh A.Kh. Konstruirovanie rossiyskoy kollektivnoy identichnosti. M.: «Sotsial'no-gumanitarnye znaniya», 2010.
Tajfel H., Turner J.C. The social identity theory of intergroup behavior // Psychology of intergroup Relations. Chicago, 1986. P. 7-24.

Abstract: One’s attitude to material items (for example, goods) is understudied yet very important aspect of psychology. The authors of the present article describe such relations from the point of view of consumer psychology. Based on the results obtained during a focused group interview and questionnaire survey, the authors view differences in attitudes to goods demonstrated by a consumer-subject and consumer-object. Consume subjectivity is described as an integral characteristic of conscious and unconscious behavior of an individual (individual element), awareness about the physical and marketing features of goods (information element) allowing to buy or use goods or services objectively needed by an individual. Consumer objectivity is described as an integral characteristic of conscious and unconscious behavior of an individual with a low level of awareness, reflection or critical understanding, reactive and automatic actions ensuring one’s sensitivity to the marketing influence such as advertising, fashion, placement of goods in shop windows, sales, and etc. According to the author, the level of consumer subjectivity/objectivity is expressed differently with reference to and in relation to different product categories and defined, in the first place, by the emotional and intellectual importance of a particular product, awareness of special features of this particular product category and one’s experience in using it. The subject-object attitude is presented as one’s attitude to an product when a person has much information about the item and its features, the item is moderately important for the person and the person is ready to use it often. The object-subject relation is presented as one’s attitude to a product when a person believes in the advertising or marketing message while he is not really interested in its attributes or when he is into marketing actions such as sales, games, contests, lotteries and etc. and does not plan to use the product often.

Keywords: economic psychology, consumption psychology, consumer behavior, purchase behavior, self-concept of a consumer, consumer subjectivity, consumer objectivity, consumer relations, subject-object relations, object-subject relations.

References:
Folomeeva T.V. Sotsial'no-psikhologicheskiy podkhod k issledovaniyu potrebitel'skogo povedeniya // Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 14: Psikhologiya 2012 ¹ 1, s. 145-154
Karlik A.E., Zadorozhnyuk I.E., Spasennikov V.V., Lokshina E.Kh., Ekonomicheskaya psikhologiya: problemy razvitiya // Izvestiya Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta ekonomiki i finansov. 2011. ¹ 1. S. 145-147.
Smorkalova T.L., Dotsenko E.L. Mesto Ya-kontseptsii v potrebitel'skikh predpochteniyakh: rabochaya model' // Vestnik Tyumenskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 2011. ¹ 9, s. 182-189.
Posypanova O.S. Ekonomicheskaya psikhologiya: psikhologicheskie aspekty potrebitel'skogo povedeniya – Kaluga, Izd-vo KGU im. K.E. Tsiolkovskogo, 2012, 296 s.
Posypanova O.S. Tovarnyy fetishizm kak «marketingovaya religiya» // Prakticheskiy marketing, iyun' 2013, s. 29-38
Poznyakov V.P. Psikhologicheskie otnosheniya sub'ektov ekonomicheskoy deyatel'nosti. Monografiya – M., IPRAN, 2000, 220 s.
Neverov A.N. Predprinimatel' kak ekonomicheskiy sub'ekt // Psikhologiya i ekonomika 2005 ¹ 2, s. 136-148
Lebedev-Lyubimov A.N. Psikhologiya reklamy. Monografiya (2-e izd.)-M., 2006, 384 s.
Znakov V.V. Psikhologiya sub'ekta kak metodologicheskaya osnova chelovecheskogo bytiya // Psikhologicheskiy zhurnal, 2003, tom 24, s. 95-106
Zhuravlev A.L., Kupreychenko A.B. Struktura i lichnostnye determinanty ekonomicheskogo samoopredeleniya sub'ekta // Psikhologicheskiy zhurnal, 2008 T. 29 ¹ 2 s. 5-15
Deyneka O.S. Ekonomicheskaya psikhologiya: Ucheb. Posobie dlya studentov vuzov, obuchayushchikhsya po ekon. Spetsial'nostyam / S.-Peterb. Gos. Un-t. Ekon. Fak., Moskva, 2009, 162 s.
Brushlinskiy A.V. Psikhologiya sub'ekta nauchnoe izdanie – SPb, 2003, 272 s.
Vinokurov M.A., Karnyshev A.D. Vvedenie v ekonomicheskuyu etnopsikhoogiyu. Uchebnoe posobie.-Irkutsk, 2007, 304 s.
Khashchenko V.A. Sotsial'no-psikhologicheskaya determinatsiya sub'ektivnogo ekonomicheskogo blagopoluchiya. dvtoreferat diss. … doktora psikhol. nauk, M., IP RAN, 2012, 50 s.
M.I. Rozenova Semantika vospriyatiya
sovremennoy molodezh'yu
bazovykh otnosheniy lichnosti:
psikhologicheskie paradoksy // Psikhologiya i Psikhotekhnika. - 2013. - 6. - C. 536 - 545. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2013.6.8316.

References (transliteration):
Folomeeva T.V. Sotsial'no-psikhologicheskiy podkhod k issledovaniyu potrebitel'skogo povedeniya // Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 14: Psikhologiya 2012 ¹ 1, s. 145-154
Karlik A.E., Zadorozhnyuk I.E., Spasennikov V.V., Lokshina E.Kh., Ekonomicheskaya psikhologiya: problemy razvitiya // Izvestiya Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta ekonomiki i finansov. 2011. ¹ 1. S. 145-147.
Smorkalova T.L., Dotsenko E.L. Mesto Ya-kontseptsii v potrebitel'skikh predpochteniyakh: rabochaya model' // Vestnik Tyumenskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 2011. ¹ 9, s. 182-189.
Posypanova O.S. Ekonomicheskaya psikhologiya: psikhologicheskie aspekty potrebitel'skogo povedeniya – Kaluga, Izd-vo KGU im. K.E. Tsiolkovskogo, 2012, 296 s.
Posypanova O.S. Tovarnyy fetishizm kak «marketingovaya religiya» // Prakticheskiy marketing, iyun' 2013, s. 29-38
Poznyakov V.P. Psikhologicheskie otnosheniya sub'ektov ekonomicheskoy deyatel'nosti. Monografiya – M., IPRAN, 2000, 220 s.
Neverov A.N. Predprinimatel' kak ekonomicheskiy sub'ekt // Psikhologiya i ekonomika 2005 ¹ 2, s. 136-148
Lebedev-Lyubimov A.N. Psikhologiya reklamy. Monografiya (2-e izd.)-M., 2006, 384 s.
Znakov V.V. Psikhologiya sub'ekta kak metodologicheskaya osnova chelovecheskogo bytiya // Psikhologicheskiy zhurnal, 2003, tom 24, s. 95-106
Zhuravlev A.L., Kupreychenko A.B. Struktura i lichnostnye determinanty ekonomicheskogo samoopredeleniya sub'ekta // Psikhologicheskiy zhurnal, 2008 T. 29 ¹ 2 s. 5-15
Deyneka O.S. Ekonomicheskaya psikhologiya: Ucheb. Posobie dlya studentov vuzov, obuchayushchikhsya po ekon. Spetsial'nostyam / S.-Peterb. Gos. Un-t. Ekon. Fak., Moskva, 2009, 162 s.
Brushlinskiy A.V. Psikhologiya sub'ekta nauchnoe izdanie – SPb, 2003, 272 s.
Vinokurov M.A., Karnyshev A.D. Vvedenie v ekonomicheskuyu etnopsikhoogiyu. Uchebnoe posobie.-Irkutsk, 2007, 304 s.
Khashchenko V.A. Sotsial'no-psikhologicheskaya determinatsiya sub'ektivnogo ekonomicheskogo blagopoluchiya. dvtoreferat diss. … doktora psikhol. nauk, M., IP RAN, 2012, 50 s.
M.I. Rozenova Semantika vospriyatiya
sovremennoy molodezh'yu
bazovykh otnosheniy lichnosti:
psikhologicheskie paradoksy // Psikhologiya i Psikhotekhnika. - 2013. - 6. - C. 536 - 545. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2013.6.8316.

Abstract: Extremism and patriotism are not traditional topics for psychology. Therefore, it is noted that social psychological researches still lack the conceptual and notional framework for studying such phenomena as patriotism or extremism, in particular, the psychological potential of patriotism as the factor of youth extremism prevention hasn’t been explored. There is a certain contradiction in science between the recognized importance of patriotism in extremism prevention and the absence of social psychological researches that would reveal the potential of patriotism as the factor of youth extremism prevention. This contradiction has made the author of the article to focus on this theme and purpose of research. The subject under research is patriotism as the factor of preventing extremism among youth. The purpose of the article is to reveal the potential of patriotism as the factor of youth extremism prevention. Methodological grounds of research include principles of the complex, systems, subject-centered activity and person-centered approaches as they are introduced in Russian psychology. Theoretical grounds of research include scientific researches aimed at analyzing the phenomenon of extremist’s way of thinking, types of extremism, reasons and determinants of extremism development as well as social psychological researches of patriotism that study social, ethnic and psychological aspects of manifestation and development of patriotism in a modern Russian society. In the course of research the author has also used such theoretical research methods as analysis, synthesis, comparison and summary. The results of research prove the supposition that struggle against youth extremism and teaching patriotism are the two inseparable problems. Noteworthy that one of the hindrances in formation of patriotic attitudes is the ambivalent interpretation and evaluation of patriotism by young people. The author emphasizes the need for solving the problem of multiple interpretations of the term ‘patriotism’ both in the academic community and common sense. The author shows in order to raise the potential of patriotism as the factor of youth extremism prevention, a traditional definition of patriotism should include the aspect reflecting necessary peculiarities of inter-ethnic and cross-cultural relations, in particular: tolerance and respect towards other nations and cultures, recognition of their right to exist and be different without confrontation. The main result of the theoretical research is the revelation of patriotism as the factor of youth extremism prevention from the point of view of the social psychological approach and description of the main differences in extremist and patriotic attitudes at the personality level. The research also proves that being a basic spiritual and moral personal quality, true patriotism is the factor of preventing extremist attitudes and extremist behavior.

Keywords: social psychological approach, youth extremism, hostility, xenophobia, moral nihilism, patriotism, false patriotism, true patriotism, moral quality, inter-ethnic tolerance.

Contact information: Muraschenkova Nadezhda Viktorovna, 214014, Russia, Smolensk Region, Smolensk, Hertzen str. 2.

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Gostev A.A. Patriotizm kak dukhovno-nravstvennoe kachestvo lichnosti // Sovremennaya lichnost': psikhologicheskie issledovaniya / Otv. red. Volovikova M.I., Kharlamenkova N.E.-M.: IP RAN, 2012. S.100-117.
Bol'shoy entsiklopedicheskiy slovar'.-M., 1998. – 1456 s.
Baeva L.V. Problema protivostoyaniya molodezhnomu ekstremizmu v sovremennoy Rossii// Informatsionnoe soprovozhdenie geopoliticheskoy bezopasnosti territoriy Yuga Rossii i prikaspiyskogo regiona: Materialy Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii (g. Astrakhan', 28 maya 2010 g.).-Astrakhan': Izdatel'skiy dom «Astrakhanskiy universitet», 2010. S. 26-33.
Baeva L.V. Molodezhnyy ekstremizm v usloviyakh sovremennogo krizisa kul'tury // 2000-2010 gody: evolyutsiya i genezis struktury sotsial'no-politicheskikh otnosheniy v Rossii i za rubezhom. / Pod red. D.P. Piskareva. Tom 2. – M.: «Avantitul», 2010. S.143-147.
Apollonov I.A., Tuchina O.R. Problema patriotizma i tolerantnosti v kontekste samoponimaniya etnokul'turnoy identichnosti // Sovremennye issledovaniya sotsial'nykh problem (elektronnyy nauchnyy zhurnal). 2012. ¹12(20). URL: http://sisp.nkras.ru/e-ru/issues/2012/12/tuchena.pdf (data obrashcheniya: 03.02.2014).
Anikanova A.A. Psikhologicheskie faktory izmeneniya sotsial'nykh ustanovok molodezhi v sotsial'nykh dvizheniyakh: dis. ... kand. psikhol. nauk. – M., 2010. – 193 s.
Antsupov A.Ya., Shipilov A.I. Slovar' konfliktologa. – M.: Eksmo, 2009. – 990 s.

Abstract: The author of the article describes the key features of terrorism that reveal this phenomenon in terms of globalization of modern information security risks, threats and challenges. The author provides results of linguistic researches and expertise of public and media discourse on terrorism and also analyzes practices using the words ‘terrorism’, ‘terrorist’ and ‘terrorize’ both in direct and figurative meanings. In this regard the author also analyzes the issues of transformation of the commonsense under the influence of particular mediadiscursive practices. The author also discusses some results and consequences of the ‘discursive pressure’ and ‘informational aggression’ and analyzes social images of terrorism created by the commonsense. The author also shares the results of the empiric research that was conducted by the author for the purpose of studying images of the terrorist actors (terror leaders, perpetrators, male and female suiciders) presented by the university students of the southern Russian region. The author summarizes and compares data and makes conclusions about psychological consequences of terrorist aggression as well as their prolonged influence on the individual and public minds. In conclusion the author focuses on the need to activate informational anti-terrorism and to develop social, psycholinguistic and public communications aimed at counteracting the extremist ideology and establishing anti-terrorist values in the Russian society.

Keywords: society, terrorism, information, public communications, social images, discourse, mediadiscourse, commonsense, influence, counteraction.

References:
Andreeva G. M. Psikhologiya sotsial'nogo poznaniya. M.2004. 288 s
Deyk, van T. Yazyk. Poznanie. Kommunikatsiya. M.,1989. 308 s.
Kozhemyakin E.A. Diskurs-analiz massovoy kommunikatsii// URL: http://www.gmj.sfedu.ru/v2i1/v2i1_kozhemyakin.htm
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Sovremennyy politicheskiy ekstremizm: ponyatie, istoki, prichiny, ideologiya, problemy, organizatsiya, praktika, profilaktika i protivodeystvie. Ruk. Avt. koll. Dibirov A. –N. Z., Safaraliev G. K. Makhachkala. 2009. 640 s.
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Thompson John V. Ideology and Modern Culture. Critical Social Theory in the Era of Mass Communication. Oxford: Polity Press, 1990. PP. 56-66.
Wagner W. Queries about social representation and construction // Journal for the theory of social behaviour. 1996. V. 26. N 2. P. 95-120., s. 109
Sedykh N.S. Terrorizm v kontekste informatsionno-psikhologicheskikh ugroz sovremennosti // NB: Natsional'naya bezopasnost'. - 2012. - 1. - C. 182 - 212. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/nb/article_163.html
Sedykh N.S. Rol' informatsionno-psikhologicheskogo vozdeystviya v podgotovke terroristov-smertniov // Psikhologiya i Psikhotekhnika. - 2013. - 10. - C. 981 - 991. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2013.10.9377.
Sedykh N.S. Rol' massovoy kommunikatsii v informatsionno-psikhologicheskom protivodeystvii terrorizmu // Natsional'naya bezopasnost' / nota bene. - 2014. - 1. - C. 32 - 49. DOI: 10.7256/2073-8560.2014.1.9384.
Sedykh N.S. Psikhologo – politicheskie osobennosti terrorizma v usloviyakh obshchestva riska // NB: Problemy obshchestva i politiki. - 2013. - 3. - C. 104 - 137. DOI: 10.7256/2306-0158.2013.3.525. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/pr/article_525.html
Vladimirova T.V. O edinom klyuche v ponimanii obespecheniya informatsionnoy bezopasnosti // NB: Natsional'naya bezopasnost'. - 2014. - 2. - C. 111 - 127. DOI: 10.7256/2306-0417.2014.2.11811. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/nb/article_11811.html
Manoylo A.V. Tekhnologiya realizatsii programmy
sotsial'noy adaptatsii voennosluzhashchikh // Natsional'naya bezopasnost' / nota bene. - 2013. - 4. - C. 556 - 567. DOI: 10.7256/2073-8560.2013.4.2401.
Sedykh N.S. Terrorizm i global'nye riski
sovremennosti: psikhologo-
politicheskiy analiz // Mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya. - 2013. - 1. - C. 96 - 102. DOI: 10.7256/2305-560X.2013.01.12.
Vladimirova T.V. K sotsial'noy prirode ponyatiya «informatsionnaya bezopasnost'» // NB: Natsional'naya bezopasnost'. - 2013. - 4. - C. 78 - 95. DOI: 10.7256/2306-0417.2013.4.596. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/nb/article_596.html
Sedykh N.S. Terroristicheskie ugrozy i global'nye riski sovremennosti: psikhologo – politicheskiy analiz // NB: Mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya. - 2012. - 1. - C. 44 - 79. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/wi/article_293.html
Popov E.A. Chelovek, obshchestvo i narkoticheskie sredstva: sotsial'nyy, obshchepravovoy i kriminologicheskiy aspekty otnosheniya // NB: Voprosy prava i politiki. - 2012. - 1. - C. 35 - 68. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/lr/article_48.html
Demetradze M.R. Preimushchestva sotsiokul'turnoy osnovy mezhdistsiplinarnosti sotsial'no-gumanitarnykh nauk. Sposoby sootvetstviya nauchno-obrazovatel'noy sistemy standartam informatsionnogo obshchestva. // NB: Problemy obshchestva i politiki. - 2014. - 2. - C. 22 - 40. DOI: 10.7256/2306-0158.2014.2.10736. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/pr/article_10736.html
S. V. Shpakovskaya Dostovernost' sovremennykh
rossiyskikh SMI, Interneta
i nauchno-populyarnoy literatury
na primere osveshcheniya
«intsidenta v Fiume» // Istoricheskiy zhurnal: nauchnye issledovaniya. - 2012. - 1. - C. 108 - 114.

References (transliteration):
Andreeva G. M. Psikhologiya sotsial'nogo poznaniya. M.2004. 288 s
Deyk, van T. Yazyk. Poznanie. Kommunikatsiya. M.,1989. 308 s.
Kozhemyakin E.A. Diskurs-analiz massovoy kommunikatsii// URL: http://www.gmj.sfedu.ru/v2i1/v2i1_kozhemyakin.htm
Klushina N. I. Stilistika publitsisticheskogo teksta. M. 2008. 244 s.
Makarov M. L. Osnovy teorii diskursa / M. L. Makarov. M. 2003. 280 s.
Miroshnichenko A. V. Problema kommentariya v informatsionnykh resursa kh v khode aktsiy terrora // Materialy II Rostovskogo molodezhnogo foruma «Molodezhnaya initsiativa – 2011» Izd-vo YuFU, 2011. s. 42-44
Sedykh N. S. Sovremennyy terrorizm s tochki zreniya informatsionno-psikhologicheskikh ugroz. Natsional'naya bezopasnost'. ¹ 2 (19) . 2012. s.69
Sedykh N. S. Elektronnyy uchebnik «Psikhologiya terrorizma». g. Rostov-na-Donu, YuFU. Ob'em 700 mgb. Registratsionnoe svidetel'stvo ¹ 34730
Sovremennyy politicheskiy ekstremizm: ponyatie, istoki, prichiny, ideologiya, problemy, organizatsiya, praktika, profilaktika i protivodeystvie. Ruk. Avt. koll. Dibirov A. –N. Z., Safaraliev G. K. Makhachkala. 2009. 640 s.
Tarabrina N. V., Vorona O. A., Bykhovets Yu. V. Predstavleniya o terakte u naseleniya razlichnykh regionov Rossii // Psikhologicheskiy zhurnal. 2007. Tom 6. ¹ 28. s.16
Filips L. Dzh., Yorgensen Diskurs-analiz. Teoriya i metod. Khar'kov. 2004. 336 s.
Fromm E. Begstvo t svobody. M., 2008. s.193-194
Fuko M. Arkheologiya znaniya : per. s fr. / M. Fuko ; obshch. red. Br. Levchenko. K. 1996.208 s.
Cherkasova M. N. Rechevye formy agressii v tekstakh SMI. Rostov-na-Donu. 2011. 123 s
Chernov A. Yu. Kachestvennyy podkhod v psikhologicheskom issledovanii. Volgograd 2008. 340 s.
Hall S. 1986. The Problem of Ideology-Marxism Without Guarantees.-Journal of Communication Inquiry, vol. 10, N 2.
Thompson John V. Ideology and Modern Culture. Critical Social Theory in the Era of Mass Communication. Oxford: Polity Press, 1990. PP. 56-66.
Wagner W. Queries about social representation and construction // Journal for the theory of social behaviour. 1996. V. 26. N 2. P. 95-120., s. 109
Sedykh N.S. Terrorizm v kontekste informatsionno-psikhologicheskikh ugroz sovremennosti // NB: Natsional'naya bezopasnost'. - 2012. - 1. - C. 182 - 212. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/nb/article_163.html
Sedykh N.S. Rol' informatsionno-psikhologicheskogo vozdeystviya v podgotovke terroristov-smertniov // Psikhologiya i Psikhotekhnika. - 2013. - 10. - C. 981 - 991. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2013.10.9377.
Sedykh N.S. Rol' massovoy kommunikatsii v informatsionno-psikhologicheskom protivodeystvii terrorizmu // Natsional'naya bezopasnost' / nota bene. - 2014. - 1. - C. 32 - 49. DOI: 10.7256/2073-8560.2014.1.9384.
Sedykh N.S. Psikhologo – politicheskie osobennosti terrorizma v usloviyakh obshchestva riska // NB: Problemy obshchestva i politiki. - 2013. - 3. - C. 104 - 137. DOI: 10.7256/2306-0158.2013.3.525. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/pr/article_525.html
Vladimirova T.V. O edinom klyuche v ponimanii obespecheniya informatsionnoy bezopasnosti // NB: Natsional'naya bezopasnost'. - 2014. - 2. - C. 111 - 127. DOI: 10.7256/2306-0417.2014.2.11811. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/nb/article_11811.html
Manoylo A.V. Tekhnologiya realizatsii programmy
sotsial'noy adaptatsii voennosluzhashchikh // Natsional'naya bezopasnost' / nota bene. - 2013. - 4. - C. 556 - 567. DOI: 10.7256/2073-8560.2013.4.2401.
Sedykh N.S. Terrorizm i global'nye riski
sovremennosti: psikhologo-
politicheskiy analiz // Mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya. - 2013. - 1. - C. 96 - 102. DOI: 10.7256/2305-560X.2013.01.12.
Vladimirova T.V. K sotsial'noy prirode ponyatiya «informatsionnaya bezopasnost'» // NB: Natsional'naya bezopasnost'. - 2013. - 4. - C. 78 - 95. DOI: 10.7256/2306-0417.2013.4.596. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/nb/article_596.html
Sedykh N.S. Terroristicheskie ugrozy i global'nye riski sovremennosti: psikhologo – politicheskiy analiz // NB: Mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya. - 2012. - 1. - C. 44 - 79. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/wi/article_293.html
Popov E.A. Chelovek, obshchestvo i narkoticheskie sredstva: sotsial'nyy, obshchepravovoy i kriminologicheskiy aspekty otnosheniya // NB: Voprosy prava i politiki. - 2012. - 1. - C. 35 - 68. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/lr/article_48.html
Demetradze M.R. Preimushchestva sotsiokul'turnoy osnovy mezhdistsiplinarnosti sotsial'no-gumanitarnykh nauk. Sposoby sootvetstviya nauchno-obrazovatel'noy sistemy standartam informatsionnogo obshchestva. // NB: Problemy obshchestva i politiki. - 2014. - 2. - C. 22 - 40. DOI: 10.7256/2306-0158.2014.2.10736. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/pr/article_10736.html
S. V. Shpakovskaya Dostovernost' sovremennykh
rossiyskikh SMI, Interneta
i nauchno-populyarnoy literatury
na primere osveshcheniya
«intsidenta v Fiume» // Istoricheskiy zhurnal: nauchnye issledovaniya. - 2012. - 1. - C. 108 - 114.

Abstract: The author of the article pays special attention at the importance of social and psychological research of youth people’s views on patriotism and patriots. The subject under review is the value orientations, basic belies and types of ethnic identity as psychological determinants of young people’s views on true patriotism. Theoretical grounds of research include works by Russian and foreign psychologists on the phenomenon of patriotism (A. Gostev, V. Koltsova, N. Sinyagina, V. Sosnin and others), social and personal views (S. Moskovichi, T. Emelianova, K Abulkhanova and others), value orientations (U. Bilski, V. Gritsenko, V. Karandashev, S. Shvartz and etc.), basic personality beliefs (R. Yanoff-Bulman, S. Epstein, O. Kravtsova, M. Padun and others) and ethnic identity (N. Lebedeva, G. Soldatova, T. Stephanenko and others). Methodological base of research is the complex and systems approach as they are introduce in Russian psychology. Research methods are analysis, synthesis, summary, survey, factor analysis, regression analysis and U-criterion offered by Manna-Whitney for comparing data. As a result of the empiric research that involved 314 respondents, the author describes the factor structure and psychological determinants of young people’s views on patriotism. The author proves that values, basic beliefs, types of ethnic identity and gender of respondents are significant determinants of young people’s views on true patriotism. The results of the research prove the importance of further social and psychological researches on the matter.

Keywords: youth, true patriotism, prevention of extremism, personal views, views on patriotism, factor analysis, psychological determinants, value orientations, personal beliefs, types of ethnic identity.

References:
Norris F.H. The psychological experience of crime: a test of the mediating role of beliefs in explaining the distress of victims // Journal of social and clinical psychology. 1991. ¹10. P. 239-261.
KelIey H.H. Attribution in social interaction // Attribution: Perceiving the causes of behaviour.-Hillsdale, 1987.
Kelle G. The psychology of personal constructs.-New York: Norton, 1955.
Janoff-Bulman R. The aftermath of victimisation: Rebuilding shattered assumption. // C.R. Figley (Ed.) Trauma and its wake.-N.Y., 1985. P. 15-35.
Janoff-Bulman R. Shattered assumptions: Toward a new psychology of trauma.-New York: Free Press, 1992.
Epstein S. Integration of the cognitive and the psychodynamic unconscious // American Psychologist.-1994. ¹49. P. 709-724.
Dutton M.A. Battered women's cognitive schemata // Journal of traumatic stress. 1994. ¹8. P. 237-257.
Epstein S. Cognitive experiental self-theory // L.A. Pervin (Ed.) Handbook of personality: Theory and research.-New York: Guilford, 1990. P. 165-192.
Beck A.T. Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders.-New York: International University Press, 1976.;
Yanitskiy M.S. Tsennostnye orientatsii lichnosti kak dinamicheskaya sistema.-Kemerovo, 2000. – 204 s.;
Beck A.T. Anxiety disorders and phobias: a cognitive perspective.-N.Y.: Basic Books, 1985.
Chuykov O.E. Formirovanie patriotizma v usloviyakh molodezhnykh obshchestvennykh organizatsiy: sotsiokul'turnyy aspekt: dis. … kand. sotsiol. nauk.-M., 2010. – 150 s.
Chel'tsov M.V., Chel'tsova M.G. Otnoshenie molodezhi Novosibirskoy oblasti i goroda Novosibirska k grazhdanstvennosti i patriotizmu // Sibirskiy pedagogicheskiy zhurnal. 2012. ¹6. S. 24-30.
Khudik V.A., Loginova N.V., Timchenko P.V. Osobennosti razvitiya predstavleniy o grazhdanstvennosti i patriotizme u starsheklassnikov // Vestnik Leningradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta im. A.S. Pushkina. 2010. ¹4. T.3. S.57-72.
Tatarko A.N. Vzaimosvyaz' etnicheskoy identichnosti i psikhologicheskikh strategiy mezhkul'turnogo vzaimodeystviya: dis. ... kand. psikhol. nauk. – M., 2004.-211 s.
Tarabrina N.V. Psikhologiya posttravmaticheskogo stressa: integrativnyy podkhod: dis. ... d-ra psikhol. nauk.-Sankt-Peterburg, 2008.-362 s.
Susokolov A.A. Strukturnye faktory samoorganizatsii etnosa // Rasy i narody. Vyp. 20.-M., 1990. S. 5-40.
Stefanenko T.G. Sotsial'naya psikhologiya etnicheskoy identichnosti: dis. … d-ra psikhol. nauk. M.: MGU, 1999.-528 s.
Stefanenko T.G. Etnopsikhologiya. – M.: Institut psikhologii RAN, «Akademicheskiy proekt», 1999. – 320 s.
Soldatova G.U. Psikhologiya mezhetnicheskoy napryazhennosti.-M.: Smysl, 1998.-389 s.
Soldatova G.U., Shaygerova L.A., Prokof'eva T.Yu., Kravtsova O.A. Psikhodiagnostika tolerantnosti lichnosti. – M.: Smysl, 2008.
Sinyagina N.Yu. Patrioticheskoe vospitanie v svete mezhnatsional'nykh problem sovremennosti: otvet na ugrozy sovremennogo obshchestva // Obshchestvo. Kul'tura. Nauka. Obrazovanie (elektronnyy zhurnal). 2011. Vyp. 2. URL: http://cipv.ru/static.php?mode=electronic_publications_2011_all_2 (data obrashcheniya: 02.03.2014).
S chego nachinaetsya Rodina: molodezh' v labirintakh patriotizma. Sbornik statey/ Pod. red. E. Omel'chenko, Kh. Pilkington. – Ul'yanovsk: Izd-vo Ul'yanovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 2012.-320 s.
Ruzha V.A. Stanovlenie i razvitie kul'tury patriotizma sovremennogo studenchestva: sotsiologicheskiy analiz: diss. ... kand. sotsiol. nauk.-Ekaterinburg, 2013.
Ol'shanskiy V.B. Lichnosti i sotsial'nye tsennosti // Sotsiologiya v SSSR. – M.: Mysl', 1966. T.1. S. 470-530.
Padun M.A. Osobennosti bazisnykh ubezhdeniy u lits, perezhivshikh travmaticheskiy stress: dis. ... kand. psikhol. nauk. – M., 2003.-159 s.
Milyukova I.A. Patriotizm glazami sovremennoy molodezhi Karelii: analiz esse shkol'nikov i studentov // Uchenye zapiski Petrozavodskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Obshchestvennye i gumanitarnye nauki. 2008. ¹4. S. 54-63.
Maslou A. Motivatsiya i lichnost'. – SPb: Evraziya, 2001. – 478 s.
Loginova N.V., Khudik V.A. Predstavleniya o grazhdanskoy pozitsii i chuvstvakh patriotizma u starsheklassnikov.-SPb.: Sankt-Peterburgskaya akademiya postdiplomnogo pedagogicheskogo obrazovaniya, 2007.-130 s.
Lebedeva N.M., Tatarko A.N. Tsennosti kul'tury i razvitie obshchestva.-M.: GU-VShE, 2007.
Leont'ev D.A. Tsennostnye predstavleniya v individual'nom i gruppovom soznanii: vidy, determinanty i izmeneniya vo vremeni // Psikhologicheskoe obozrenie. 1998. ¹ 1. S. 13-25.
Kurganskaya M.Ya. Patrioticheskie tsennostnye orientatsii rossiyskoy studencheskoy molodezhi: avtoref. dis. … kand. sotsiol. nauk.-M., 2012.-23 s.
Lebedeva N. M. Sotsial'naya psikhologiya akkul'turatsiya etnicheskikh grupp: dis. ... d-ra psikhol. nauk. – M., 1997.-310 s.
Kravtsova O.A. Seksual'noe nasilie kak psikhologicheskaya travma: dis. ... kand. psikhol. nauk. – M., 2000.-193 s.
Kotel'nikova A.V. Lichnostnye korrelyaty posttravmaticheskogo stressa: na materiale vyborki vynuzhdennykh pereselentsev: avtoref. dis. … kand. psikhol. nauk.-M., 2009. – 154 s.
Kostylev S.V., Khanakhu R.A. Nravstvennye i patrioticheskie tsennosti v predstavlenii kursantov voennykh uchilishch: sotsiologicheskiy diskurs // Nauchno-informatsionnyy zhurnal Armiya i obshchestvo. 2009. ¹2. S. 89-95.
Kolyabina T.S. Formirovanie patriotizma i grazhdanstvennosti kak kompleksa sotsiokul'turnykh i dukhovnykh tsennostey v usloviyakh stanovleniya institutov rossiyskoy sotsial'noy identichnosti i gosudarstvennosti: dis. … kand. sotsiol. nauk.-Krasnodar, 2006. – 138 s.
Karandashev V.N. Metodika Shvartsa dlya izucheniya tsennostey lichnosti: kontseptsiya i metodicheskoe rukovodstvo.-SPb.: Rech', 2004. – 72 s.
Kol'tsova V.A., Sosnin V.A. Sotsial'no-psikhologicheskie problemy patriotizma i osobennosti ego vospitaniya v sovremennom rossiyskom obshchestve // Psikhologicheskiy zhurnal. 2005. T. 26. ¹4. S. 89-97.
Zinurova R.I., Tuzikov A.R., Alekseev S.A., Lipatova T.N. Osobennosti grazhdanskogo samosoznaniya i patriotizm v molodezhnoy srede Respubliki Tatarstan // Vestnik Kazanskogo tekhnologicheskogo universiteta. 2013. ¹6. S. 265-268.
Zaborina L.G. Bazisnye ubezhdeniya roditeley detey-invalidov v usloviyakh khronicheskogo stressa: dis. ... kand. psikhol. nauk. – M., 2008.-207 s.
Zhuravlev A.L. Sovremennye tendentsii razvitiya sotsial'noy psikhologii v Rossii. Znanie. Ponimanie. Umenie. 2011. ¹4. S. 20-28.
Eshev M.A. Patriotizm kak tsennostnyy orientir studencheskoy molodezhi (na primere respubliki Adygeya): dis. … kand. sotsiol. nauk.-Maykop, 2010.-164 s.
Dergunova N.V. Patriotizm v vospriyatii sovremennoy molodezhi: na primere Ul'yanovskoy oblasti. // Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya 4: Istoriya. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya. 2013. ¹1. S. 54-61.
Gritsenko V.V., Smotrova T.V. Tsennostnye orientatsii i sklonnost' k deviantnomu povedeniyu // Psikhologicheskiy zhurnal. 2005. T.26. ¹6. S. 44-58.
Gritsenko V.V. Etnicheskaya identichnost' i sotsial'no-psikhologicheskaya adaptatsiya // Izvestiya Saratovskogo universiteta. Novaya seriya. Seriya: Filosofiya. Psikhologiya. Pedagogika. 2006. ¹1-2. T. 6. S. 62-70.
Gostev A.A. Patriotizm kak dukhovno-nravstvennoe kachestvo lichnosti // Sovremennaya lichnost': psikhologicheskie issledovaniya / Otv. red. Volovikova M.I., Kharlamenkova N.E. M.: IP RAN, 2012.-392 s.
Goncharov N.V. Tsennostnye orientatsii v sisteme protivopravnogo povedeniya podrostka: avtoref. dis. … kand. sotsiol. nauk. – M., 1998.-24 s.
Vorona O.A. Psikhologicheskie posledstviya stressa u bol'nykh rakom molochnoy zhelezy: avtoref dis. … kand. psikhol. nauk. – M: IP RAN, 2005.-24 s.
Bozhovich L.I. Lichnost' i ee formirovanie v detskom vozraste. – M.: Prosveshchenie, 1968.-464 s.
Borusyak L. Patriotizm kak ksenofobiya (rezul'taty oprosa molodykh moskvichey) // Vestnik obshchestvennogo mneniya. 2004. ¹. 6. S. 58-70.
Apollonov I.A., Tuchina O.R. Problema patriotizma i tolerantnosti v kontekste samoponimaniya etnokul'turnoy identichnosti // Sovremennye issledovaniya sotsial'nykh problem (elektronnyy nauchnyy zhurnal). 2012. ¹12(20). URL: http://sisp.nkras.ru/e-ru/issues/2012/12/tuchena.pdf (data obrashcheniya: 03.02.2014).
Alekseeva V.G. Tsennostnye orientatsii kak faktor zhiznedeyatel'nosti i razvitiya lichnosti // Psikhologicheskiy zhurnal. – 1984. T.5. ¹5. S. 63-70.
Schwartz S.N. Are there universal aspects in the content and structure of values? // Journal of Social Issues. 1994. ¹50. P. 19-45.
Schwartz S.H., Bilsky W. Toward a theory of the universal content and structure of values: Extensions and cross cultural replications. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1990. ¹58. P. 878-891.
Schwartz S. N., Bilsky W. Toward a universal psycho¬logical structure of human values // Journal of Personality and So¬cial Psychology. 1987. ¹53. P. 550-562.
Shchuplenkov O.V. Vospitanie patriotizma v novykh istoricheskikh usloviyakh // NB: Pedagogika i prosveshchenie.-2013.-3.-C. 70-112. DOI: 10.7256/2306-4188.2013.3.555. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/pp/article_555.html
Krasavin V.A. Formirovanie patrioticheskogo soznaniya shkol'nikov na dokumentakh i materialakh Velikoy Otechestvennoy voyny // Pedagogika i prosveshchenie.-2013.-3.-C. 247-252. DOI: 10.7256/2306-434X.2013.3.10497.
I.V. Kokova Model' grazhdansko-patrioticheskogo vospitaniya podrostkov v stolichnom megapolise // Psikhologiya i Psikhotekhnika.-2012.-12.-C. 38-47.
S. S. Stanchik Molodezhnye organizatsii kak udarnaya sila «tsvetnykh revolyutsiy» // Pravo i politika.-2012.-10.-C. 1676-1679.

References (transliteration):
Norris F.H. The psychological experience of crime: a test of the mediating role of beliefs in explaining the distress of victims // Journal of social and clinical psychology. 1991. ¹10. P. 239-261.
KelIey H.H. Attribution in social interaction // Attribution: Perceiving the causes of behaviour.-Hillsdale, 1987.
Kelle G. The psychology of personal constructs.-New York: Norton, 1955.
Janoff-Bulman R. The aftermath of victimisation: Rebuilding shattered assumption. // C.R. Figley (Ed.) Trauma and its wake.-N.Y., 1985. P. 15-35.
Janoff-Bulman R. Shattered assumptions: Toward a new psychology of trauma.-New York: Free Press, 1992.
Epstein S. Integration of the cognitive and the psychodynamic unconscious // American Psychologist.-1994. ¹49. P. 709-724.
Dutton M.A. Battered women's cognitive schemata // Journal of traumatic stress. 1994. ¹8. P. 237-257.
Epstein S. Cognitive experiental self-theory // L.A. Pervin (Ed.) Handbook of personality: Theory and research.-New York: Guilford, 1990. P. 165-192.
Beck A.T. Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders.-New York: International University Press, 1976.;
Yanitskiy M.S. Tsennostnye orientatsii lichnosti kak dinamicheskaya sistema.-Kemerovo, 2000. – 204 s.;
Beck A.T. Anxiety disorders and phobias: a cognitive perspective.-N.Y.: Basic Books, 1985.
Chuykov O.E. Formirovanie patriotizma v usloviyakh molodezhnykh obshchestvennykh organizatsiy: sotsiokul'turnyy aspekt: dis. … kand. sotsiol. nauk.-M., 2010. – 150 s.
Chel'tsov M.V., Chel'tsova M.G. Otnoshenie molodezhi Novosibirskoy oblasti i goroda Novosibirska k grazhdanstvennosti i patriotizmu // Sibirskiy pedagogicheskiy zhurnal. 2012. ¹6. S. 24-30.
Khudik V.A., Loginova N.V., Timchenko P.V. Osobennosti razvitiya predstavleniy o grazhdanstvennosti i patriotizme u starsheklassnikov // Vestnik Leningradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta im. A.S. Pushkina. 2010. ¹4. T.3. S.57-72.
Tatarko A.N. Vzaimosvyaz' etnicheskoy identichnosti i psikhologicheskikh strategiy mezhkul'turnogo vzaimodeystviya: dis. ... kand. psikhol. nauk. – M., 2004.-211 s.
Tarabrina N.V. Psikhologiya posttravmaticheskogo stressa: integrativnyy podkhod: dis. ... d-ra psikhol. nauk.-Sankt-Peterburg, 2008.-362 s.
Susokolov A.A. Strukturnye faktory samoorganizatsii etnosa // Rasy i narody. Vyp. 20.-M., 1990. S. 5-40.
Stefanenko T.G. Sotsial'naya psikhologiya etnicheskoy identichnosti: dis. … d-ra psikhol. nauk. M.: MGU, 1999.-528 s.
Stefanenko T.G. Etnopsikhologiya. – M.: Institut psikhologii RAN, «Akademicheskiy proekt», 1999. – 320 s.
Soldatova G.U. Psikhologiya mezhetnicheskoy napryazhennosti.-M.: Smysl, 1998.-389 s.
Soldatova G.U., Shaygerova L.A., Prokof'eva T.Yu., Kravtsova O.A. Psikhodiagnostika tolerantnosti lichnosti. – M.: Smysl, 2008.
Sinyagina N.Yu. Patrioticheskoe vospitanie v svete mezhnatsional'nykh problem sovremennosti: otvet na ugrozy sovremennogo obshchestva // Obshchestvo. Kul'tura. Nauka. Obrazovanie (elektronnyy zhurnal). 2011. Vyp. 2. URL: http://cipv.ru/static.php?mode=electronic_publications_2011_all_2 (data obrashcheniya: 02.03.2014).
S chego nachinaetsya Rodina: molodezh' v labirintakh patriotizma. Sbornik statey/ Pod. red. E. Omel'chenko, Kh. Pilkington. – Ul'yanovsk: Izd-vo Ul'yanovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 2012.-320 s.
Ruzha V.A. Stanovlenie i razvitie kul'tury patriotizma sovremennogo studenchestva: sotsiologicheskiy analiz: diss. ... kand. sotsiol. nauk.-Ekaterinburg, 2013.
Ol'shanskiy V.B. Lichnosti i sotsial'nye tsennosti // Sotsiologiya v SSSR. – M.: Mysl', 1966. T.1. S. 470-530.
Padun M.A. Osobennosti bazisnykh ubezhdeniy u lits, perezhivshikh travmaticheskiy stress: dis. ... kand. psikhol. nauk. – M., 2003.-159 s.
Milyukova I.A. Patriotizm glazami sovremennoy molodezhi Karelii: analiz esse shkol'nikov i studentov // Uchenye zapiski Petrozavodskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Obshchestvennye i gumanitarnye nauki. 2008. ¹4. S. 54-63.
Maslou A. Motivatsiya i lichnost'. – SPb: Evraziya, 2001. – 478 s.
Loginova N.V., Khudik V.A. Predstavleniya o grazhdanskoy pozitsii i chuvstvakh patriotizma u starsheklassnikov.-SPb.: Sankt-Peterburgskaya akademiya postdiplomnogo pedagogicheskogo obrazovaniya, 2007.-130 s.
Lebedeva N.M., Tatarko A.N. Tsennosti kul'tury i razvitie obshchestva.-M.: GU-VShE, 2007.
Leont'ev D.A. Tsennostnye predstavleniya v individual'nom i gruppovom soznanii: vidy, determinanty i izmeneniya vo vremeni // Psikhologicheskoe obozrenie. 1998. ¹ 1. S. 13-25.
Kurganskaya M.Ya. Patrioticheskie tsennostnye orientatsii rossiyskoy studencheskoy molodezhi: avtoref. dis. … kand. sotsiol. nauk.-M., 2012.-23 s.
Lebedeva N. M. Sotsial'naya psikhologiya akkul'turatsiya etnicheskikh grupp: dis. ... d-ra psikhol. nauk. – M., 1997.-310 s.
Kravtsova O.A. Seksual'noe nasilie kak psikhologicheskaya travma: dis. ... kand. psikhol. nauk. – M., 2000.-193 s.
Kotel'nikova A.V. Lichnostnye korrelyaty posttravmaticheskogo stressa: na materiale vyborki vynuzhdennykh pereselentsev: avtoref. dis. … kand. psikhol. nauk.-M., 2009. – 154 s.
Kostylev S.V., Khanakhu R.A. Nravstvennye i patrioticheskie tsennosti v predstavlenii kursantov voennykh uchilishch: sotsiologicheskiy diskurs // Nauchno-informatsionnyy zhurnal Armiya i obshchestvo. 2009. ¹2. S. 89-95.
Kolyabina T.S. Formirovanie patriotizma i grazhdanstvennosti kak kompleksa sotsiokul'turnykh i dukhovnykh tsennostey v usloviyakh stanovleniya institutov rossiyskoy sotsial'noy identichnosti i gosudarstvennosti: dis. … kand. sotsiol. nauk.-Krasnodar, 2006. – 138 s.
Karandashev V.N. Metodika Shvartsa dlya izucheniya tsennostey lichnosti: kontseptsiya i metodicheskoe rukovodstvo.-SPb.: Rech', 2004. – 72 s.
Kol'tsova V.A., Sosnin V.A. Sotsial'no-psikhologicheskie problemy patriotizma i osobennosti ego vospitaniya v sovremennom rossiyskom obshchestve // Psikhologicheskiy zhurnal. 2005. T. 26. ¹4. S. 89-97.
Zinurova R.I., Tuzikov A.R., Alekseev S.A., Lipatova T.N. Osobennosti grazhdanskogo samosoznaniya i patriotizm v molodezhnoy srede Respubliki Tatarstan // Vestnik Kazanskogo tekhnologicheskogo universiteta. 2013. ¹6. S. 265-268.
Zaborina L.G. Bazisnye ubezhdeniya roditeley detey-invalidov v usloviyakh khronicheskogo stressa: dis. ... kand. psikhol. nauk. – M., 2008.-207 s.
Zhuravlev A.L. Sovremennye tendentsii razvitiya sotsial'noy psikhologii v Rossii. Znanie. Ponimanie. Umenie. 2011. ¹4. S. 20-28.
Eshev M.A. Patriotizm kak tsennostnyy orientir studencheskoy molodezhi (na primere respubliki Adygeya): dis. … kand. sotsiol. nauk.-Maykop, 2010.-164 s.
Dergunova N.V. Patriotizm v vospriyatii sovremennoy molodezhi: na primere Ul'yanovskoy oblasti. // Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya 4: Istoriya. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya. 2013. ¹1. S. 54-61.
Gritsenko V.V., Smotrova T.V. Tsennostnye orientatsii i sklonnost' k deviantnomu povedeniyu // Psikhologicheskiy zhurnal. 2005. T.26. ¹6. S. 44-58.
Gritsenko V.V. Etnicheskaya identichnost' i sotsial'no-psikhologicheskaya adaptatsiya // Izvestiya Saratovskogo universiteta. Novaya seriya. Seriya: Filosofiya. Psikhologiya. Pedagogika. 2006. ¹1-2. T. 6. S. 62-70.
Gostev A.A. Patriotizm kak dukhovno-nravstvennoe kachestvo lichnosti // Sovremennaya lichnost': psikhologicheskie issledovaniya / Otv. red. Volovikova M.I., Kharlamenkova N.E. M.: IP RAN, 2012.-392 s.
Goncharov N.V. Tsennostnye orientatsii v sisteme protivopravnogo povedeniya podrostka: avtoref. dis. … kand. sotsiol. nauk. – M., 1998.-24 s.
Vorona O.A. Psikhologicheskie posledstviya stressa u bol'nykh rakom molochnoy zhelezy: avtoref dis. … kand. psikhol. nauk. – M: IP RAN, 2005.-24 s.
Bozhovich L.I. Lichnost' i ee formirovanie v detskom vozraste. – M.: Prosveshchenie, 1968.-464 s.
Borusyak L. Patriotizm kak ksenofobiya (rezul'taty oprosa molodykh moskvichey) // Vestnik obshchestvennogo mneniya. 2004. ¹. 6. S. 58-70.
Apollonov I.A., Tuchina O.R. Problema patriotizma i tolerantnosti v kontekste samoponimaniya etnokul'turnoy identichnosti // Sovremennye issledovaniya sotsial'nykh problem (elektronnyy nauchnyy zhurnal). 2012. ¹12(20). URL: http://sisp.nkras.ru/e-ru/issues/2012/12/tuchena.pdf (data obrashcheniya: 03.02.2014).
Alekseeva V.G. Tsennostnye orientatsii kak faktor zhiznedeyatel'nosti i razvitiya lichnosti // Psikhologicheskiy zhurnal. – 1984. T.5. ¹5. S. 63-70.
Schwartz S.N. Are there universal aspects in the content and structure of values? // Journal of Social Issues. 1994. ¹50. P. 19-45.
Schwartz S.H., Bilsky W. Toward a theory of the universal content and structure of values: Extensions and cross cultural replications. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1990. ¹58. P. 878-891.
Schwartz S. N., Bilsky W. Toward a universal psycho¬logical structure of human values // Journal of Personality and So¬cial Psychology. 1987. ¹53. P. 550-562.
Shchuplenkov O.V. Vospitanie patriotizma v novykh istoricheskikh usloviyakh // NB: Pedagogika i prosveshchenie.-2013.-3.-C. 70-112. DOI: 10.7256/2306-4188.2013.3.555. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/pp/article_555.html
Krasavin V.A. Formirovanie patrioticheskogo soznaniya shkol'nikov na dokumentakh i materialakh Velikoy Otechestvennoy voyny // Pedagogika i prosveshchenie.-2013.-3.-C. 247-252. DOI: 10.7256/2306-434X.2013.3.10497.
I.V. Kokova Model' grazhdansko-patrioticheskogo vospitaniya podrostkov v stolichnom megapolise // Psikhologiya i Psikhotekhnika.-2012.-12.-C. 38-47.
S. S. Stanchik Molodezhnye organizatsii kak udarnaya sila «tsvetnykh revolyutsiy» // Pravo i politika.-2012.-10.-C. 1676-1679.

Abstract: Frederick Burrhus Skinner had been the most famous psychologist for quite a long time in the USA. However, researchers mostly focused on the influence of his ideas on professional psychology. It is only lately that philosophers, ethicists and historians have started to take interest in Skinner’s ideas. Skinner searched for the physiological basis of human behavior and therefore, in fact, reduced the scope of psychology. Quite frequently Skinner took even his own psychological interpretation of human behavior as farfetched or excessive. He tried to explain the exterior forms of human behavior by using the method of observing human’s and animal’s actions. Skinner was both respected and criticized by his contemporaries. However, his hour has struck. Today Skinner’s ideas are quite popular because the tendency towards physiological explanation of mental and emotional processes is growing in the academic community. The author of the present article uses the historical method to show the great influence of Skinner on the academic community at the very beginning of Skinner’s creating his teaching. The author of the article also uses the comparative method to define whether behavioral ideas are close to the attempts of modern researchers to reduce the psychological component of human behavior. The novelty and practical importance of the research is that the researcher is trying to study how Skinner’s ideas developed in the previous century and have been transformed this century. The author shows that today researchers criticize the concepts of human freedom and dignity again. According to Skinner and many modern researchers, human freedom and dignity have no actual content or meaning.

Keywords: psychology, Behaviorism, freedom, dignity, behavior, psyche (mind), science, Neo-Behaviorism, world view, personality.

Contact information: Spirova Elvira Maratovna, 119991, Russia, Moscow, ul. Vokhonka 14/1, str. 5, komn. 432.

References:
Thompson W. Beyond Freedom and Dignity // Canadian forum. Toronto, 1972, vol. 51, ¹ 614, p. 14-15.
Skinner B.F. Reflections on behaviorism and society. N.Y., 1978.
Rycroft Ch. Closed system // New statsman. L., 1972, vol. 83, ¹ 2139, p. 351-352.
Kaplan N. Life in the cage // Commentary. L., 1972, vol. 53, ¹ 2, p. 82-86.
Tart Ch. Konets materializma. Nachalo dukhovnogo probuzhdeniya. M.: Postum, 2013. 432 s.
Ditfurth H. von. Ein gespenstisches Rezept // Spiegel. Hamburg, 1972. Jg. 26, ¹ 11, s. 144-147.
Sechenov I.M. Refleksy golovnogo mozga: popytka svesti sposob proiskhozhdeniya psikhicheskikh yavleniy na fiziologicheskie osnovy. Izd. 5-e. M.: LIBROKOM, 2010. 123 s.
Lektorskiy V.A. Filosofiya, poznanie, kul'tura. M.: «Kanon+» ROOI «Reabilitatsiya», 2012. 384 s.
Gurevich P.S. Formirovanie novoy paradigmy // Psikhologiya i psikhotekhnika. 2013. ¹ 12 (63). S. 1191-1199.
Gurevich P.S. Filosofskaya interpretatsiya cheloveka. SPb: Petroglif, 2013. 428 s.
Grof S. Istselenie nashikh samykh glubokikh ran. Kholotropnyy sdvig paradigmy. Izd. 2-e. M.: Ganga, 2012. 400 s.
Bodriyyar Zh. Prozrachnost' zla. Izd. 2-e. M.: Dobrosvet, 2006. 257 s.
Wheeler N. Technology: foundation of culture change // Center magazine. Santa Barbara, 1972, vol. 5, ¹ 4, p. 48-56.
Wolfe M., Thompson W. Levin M. The new biodeterrninism // Canadian forum. Toronto, 1972, vol. 51, ¹ 614, p. 12

References (transliteration):
Thompson W. Beyond Freedom and Dignity // Canadian forum. Toronto, 1972, vol. 51, ¹ 614, p. 14-15.
Skinner B.F. Reflections on behaviorism and society. N.Y., 1978.
Rycroft Ch. Closed system // New statsman. L., 1972, vol. 83, ¹ 2139, p. 351-352.
Kaplan N. Life in the cage // Commentary. L., 1972, vol. 53, ¹ 2, p. 82-86.
Tart Ch. Konets materializma. Nachalo dukhovnogo probuzhdeniya. M.: Postum, 2013. 432 s.
Ditfurth H. von. Ein gespenstisches Rezept // Spiegel. Hamburg, 1972. Jg. 26, ¹ 11, s. 144-147.
Sechenov I.M. Refleksy golovnogo mozga: popytka svesti sposob proiskhozhdeniya psikhicheskikh yavleniy na fiziologicheskie osnovy. Izd. 5-e. M.: LIBROKOM, 2010. 123 s.
Lektorskiy V.A. Filosofiya, poznanie, kul'tura. M.: «Kanon+» ROOI «Reabilitatsiya», 2012. 384 s.
Gurevich P.S. Formirovanie novoy paradigmy // Psikhologiya i psikhotekhnika. 2013. ¹ 12 (63). S. 1191-1199.
Gurevich P.S. Filosofskaya interpretatsiya cheloveka. SPb: Petroglif, 2013. 428 s.
Grof S. Istselenie nashikh samykh glubokikh ran. Kholotropnyy sdvig paradigmy. Izd. 2-e. M.: Ganga, 2012. 400 s.
Bodriyyar Zh. Prozrachnost' zla. Izd. 2-e. M.: Dobrosvet, 2006. 257 s.
Wheeler N. Technology: foundation of culture change // Center magazine. Santa Barbara, 1972, vol. 5, ¹ 4, p. 48-56.
Wolfe M., Thompson W. Levin M. The new biodeterrninism // Canadian forum. Toronto, 1972, vol. 51, ¹ 614, p. 12

Abstract: The research article is devoted to the usage of manipulative strategies by the senior management as well as the relation between manipulation and the level of trust felt by managers towards themselves and personnel in an organization. The authors of the article establish that trust I displayed differently at different business and budgetary organizations. They prove that the heads of business organizations (small business) are mostly oriented at using manipulative strategies which is caused by the features of modern Russian business culture and the low level of trust towards themselves and their employees. The results of the research also show that among senior managers who use manipulative communication strategies, there is the prevailing number of managers with the low level of both selftrust and confidence in the organization. Trust is difficult to be built and supported. Therefore it is very important to understand what level of trust corporate relations are built upon and what factors influence such a level of trust or mistrust. The authors of the article also offer a brief description of a psychological profile of a senior manager from the point of view of his using manipulative strategies, his level of trust/mistrust towards himself/his organization based on the example of the heads of business and budgetary organizations. This is necessary to define the hidden reasons and motives of using manipulative strategies which can help to understand a specific meaning that senior managers give to their relations with the personnel.

Keywords: manipulation, manipulative strategies, self-trust and self-confidence, confidence in the organization, phenomenon of trust, psychological profile, society, manipulations, control, management system.

Contact information: Klyueva Nadezhda Vladimirovna, 150000, Russia, Yaroslavl, ul. Sovetskaya 14.

References:
A. E. Zhalinskiy Modeli ugolovnogo prava: sotsial'nyy kontrol', doverie, prinuzhdenie // Pravo i politika.-2012.-4.-C. 624-629.
Skripkina T.P. Psikhologiya doveriya.-M: ACADEMIA, 2000.-264 s.
Lewicki R.J., Mcallister D.J., Bies R.J. Trust and distrust: New relationships and realities // Academy of Management Review, July 1998, V. 23 Is 3. P. 438-459.
Fromm E. Imet' ili byt'?-M., Progress, 1999.-336 s.
Ryumshina L. I. Igry i manipulyatsii v mezhlichnostnom obshchenii.-Rostov-na-Donu: Izd-vo RGU, 1997.-148 s.
Sho R.B. Klyuchi k doveriyu v organizatsii.-M.: Delo, 2000.-272 s.
Lider i ego komanda. Praktika raboty trenerov i konsul'tantov v organizatsiyakh: Pod redaktsiey N. V. Klyuevoy — Sankt-Peterburg, Rech', 2008 g.-208 s.
Jack R. Gibb. Trust: A New View of Personal and Organizational Development.-Guild of Tutors Press, 2006. – R. 305
Koren' R.V.. Manipulyatsiya soznaniem i nauchno-sotsiologicheskie strasti. // Psikhologiya i Psikhotekhnika.-2013.-¹ 11.-C. 1074-1089. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2013.11.9004.
Gurevich P.S.. Sotsial'naya demagogiya kak fenomen. // Filosofiya i kul'tura.-2013.-¹ 10.-C. 1347-1352. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2013.10.9864.
P.S. Gurevich. Demagog: istoriya ponyatiya. // Filosofiya i kul'tura.-2013.-¹ 9.-C. 1195-1199. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2013.9.9536. 11. V. Glukhman. SMI i virtual'naya moral' v Slovakii. // Filosofiya i kul'tura.-2012.-¹ 6.-C. 44-50.
T. M. Lyubimova. Suggestivnoe vozdeystvie na soznanie v sredstvakh massovoy informatsii (na primere publikatsii o narkomanii).. // Natsional'naya bezopasnost' / nota bene.-2010.-¹ 9

References (transliteration):
A. E. Zhalinskiy Modeli ugolovnogo prava: sotsial'nyy kontrol', doverie, prinuzhdenie // Pravo i politika.-2012.-4.-C. 624-629.
Skripkina T.P. Psikhologiya doveriya.-M: ACADEMIA, 2000.-264 s.
Lewicki R.J., Mcallister D.J., Bies R.J. Trust and distrust: New relationships and realities // Academy of Management Review, July 1998, V. 23 Is 3. P. 438-459.
Fromm E. Imet' ili byt'?-M., Progress, 1999.-336 s.
Ryumshina L. I. Igry i manipulyatsii v mezhlichnostnom obshchenii.-Rostov-na-Donu: Izd-vo RGU, 1997.-148 s.
Sho R.B. Klyuchi k doveriyu v organizatsii.-M.: Delo, 2000.-272 s.
Lider i ego komanda. Praktika raboty trenerov i konsul'tantov v organizatsiyakh: Pod redaktsiey N. V. Klyuevoy — Sankt-Peterburg, Rech', 2008 g.-208 s.
Jack R. Gibb. Trust: A New View of Personal and Organizational Development.-Guild of Tutors Press, 2006. – R. 305
Koren' R.V.. Manipulyatsiya soznaniem i nauchno-sotsiologicheskie strasti. // Psikhologiya i Psikhotekhnika.-2013.-¹ 11.-C. 1074-1089. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2013.11.9004.
Gurevich P.S.. Sotsial'naya demagogiya kak fenomen. // Filosofiya i kul'tura.-2013.-¹ 10.-C. 1347-1352. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2013.10.9864.
P.S. Gurevich. Demagog: istoriya ponyatiya. // Filosofiya i kul'tura.-2013.-¹ 9.-C. 1195-1199. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2013.9.9536. 11. V. Glukhman. SMI i virtual'naya moral' v Slovakii. // Filosofiya i kul'tura.-2012.-¹ 6.-C. 44-50.
T. M. Lyubimova. Suggestivnoe vozdeystvie na soznanie v sredstvakh massovoy informatsii (na primere publikatsii o narkomanii).. // Natsional'naya bezopasnost' / nota bene.-2010.-¹ 9

Abstract: Jurgen Habermas’ theory of deliberative democracy has been the matter of philosophical discussions in the West for a long time. The author of the present article compares Habermas’ theory to the liberal and republican forms of government. According to Habermas, political public sphere of a developed democratic state should realize principles of separation of a ruling government from economic society, freedom of speech and information exchange. All the three elements including equal rights to liberty, democratic participation and take part in government by using public opinion are “merged” into one project. However, they may have a different role and different order depending on political traditions. Liberal tradition, for example, demonstrates preference towards freedoms of citizens while republican and deliberative traditions emphasize participation of active citizens in democratic will expression or formation of more rational public opinions. The author of the article describes certain weak points in the theory of democracy developed by Habermas in his later works. In particular, the author criticizes his famous theory on communicative rationality.

Keywords: Habermas, democracy, liberalism, republicanism, society, human, law, power, behavior, freedom.

Contact information: Parkhomenko Roman Nikolaevich, 44801, Deutschland, Bochum, Laerholzstraße, 84.

References:
Markov B. V poiskakh drugogo // Khabermas Yu. Vovlechenie drugogo: ocherki politicheskoy teorii. SPb., 2008.
Parkhomenko R. Teoriya deliberativnoy demokratii Yu. Khabermasa // Filosofiya i kul'tura ¹ 4(52)-2012.
Khabermas Yu. Vovlechenie drugogo. Ocherki politicheskoy teorii. SPb.: Nauka, 2008.
Khabermas Yu. Grazhdanstvo i natsional'naya identichnost' // Khabermas Yu. Demokratiya. Razum. Nravstvennost'. M., 1995.
Khabermas Yu. Imeet li demokratiya eshche i epistemicheskoe izmerenie? Empiricheskoe issledovanie i normativnaya teoriya // Khabermas Yu. Akh, Evropa. Nebol'shie politicheskie sochineniya, XI. M.: Ves' mir, 2012.
Khabermas Yu. Moral'noe soznanie i kommunikativnoe deystvie. SPb., 2006.
Khabermas Yu. Ot kartin mira k zhiznennomu miru. M., 2011.
Khabermas Yu. Postnatsional'naya konstellyatsiya i budushchee demokratii // Khabermas Yu. Politicheskie raboty. M., 2005.
Khabermas Yu. Problema legitimatsii pozdnego kapitalizma. M., 2010.
Khabermas Yu. Raskolotyy Zapad. M., 2008.
Habermas J. Strukturwandel der Oeffentlichkeit. Frankfurt a.M., 1990.
Rahm C. Recht und Demokratie bei Juergen Habermas und Ronald Dworkin. Frankfurt a.M., 2005.

References (transliteration):
Markov B. V poiskakh drugogo // Khabermas Yu. Vovlechenie drugogo: ocherki politicheskoy teorii. SPb., 2008.
Parkhomenko R. Teoriya deliberativnoy demokratii Yu. Khabermasa // Filosofiya i kul'tura ¹ 4(52)-2012.
Khabermas Yu. Vovlechenie drugogo. Ocherki politicheskoy teorii. SPb.: Nauka, 2008.
Khabermas Yu. Grazhdanstvo i natsional'naya identichnost' // Khabermas Yu. Demokratiya. Razum. Nravstvennost'. M., 1995.
Khabermas Yu. Imeet li demokratiya eshche i epistemicheskoe izmerenie? Empiricheskoe issledovanie i normativnaya teoriya // Khabermas Yu. Akh, Evropa. Nebol'shie politicheskie sochineniya, XI. M.: Ves' mir, 2012.
Khabermas Yu. Moral'noe soznanie i kommunikativnoe deystvie. SPb., 2006.
Khabermas Yu. Ot kartin mira k zhiznennomu miru. M., 2011.
Khabermas Yu. Postnatsional'naya konstellyatsiya i budushchee demokratii // Khabermas Yu. Politicheskie raboty. M., 2005.
Khabermas Yu. Problema legitimatsii pozdnego kapitalizma. M., 2010.
Khabermas Yu. Raskolotyy Zapad. M., 2008.
Habermas J. Strukturwandel der Oeffentlichkeit. Frankfurt a.M., 1990.
Rahm C. Recht und Demokratie bei Juergen Habermas und Ronald Dworkin. Frankfurt a.M., 2005.

Abstract: The author of the article views social networks such as Vkontakte, Facebook, Odnoklassniki and Twitter as a social institution where dialectic of the individual and social is expressed in interiorization (subjectivization) of social experience and exteriorization (objectivization) of individual experience. In social networks users interiorize their values of free communication, antagonism against prohibitions, particular social roles and attitude to other social institutions. The author of the article pays special attention to such phenomena as the friends list and re-posts on the Internet. Social networks make us think of friendship as something discrete, situational and practical. Re-posts are viewed as the part of degradation of communication in social networks because they cause literal interpretation of any personal content in communication processes and loss of identity. In social networks particular practices are rather exceptional and usually appear in the process of exteriorization of the most successful and popular forms and contents that are created in the course of information exchange and continuous communication. In social networks exteriorization is closely connected with creativity and generation of new forms and contents in the information Internet matrix. The author of the article concludes that in the dialectic process of interiorization of social experience being replaced by exteriorization of individual experience in social networks, our free will allows us to choose between a creative act of personality socialization/initiation and the loss of human identity through on-line communication.

Keywords: social networks, exteriorization of the individual, interiorization of the social, communication, social institution, social media, social relations, society, re-post, creative work.

Contact information: Shalimov Andrey Borisovich, 660013, Russia, Krasnoyarsk, ul. Govorova 48à, kv. 38.

References:
Federal'nyy zakon ot 27 iyulya 2006 g. N 149-FZ "Ob informatsii, informatsionnykh tekhnologiyakh i o zashchite informatsii" (s izmeneniyami i dopolneniyami)
Aristotel'. Sochineniya v chetyrekh tomakh. T.1.Red.V. F. Asmus. M., "Mysl'", 1976.-550 s. (AN SSSR, In-t filosofii. Fplos.nasledie).S.371-448.
Berdyaev N. A. Smysl tvorchestva // Filosofiya tvorchestva, kul'tury i iskusstva. M.: Iskusstvo, 1994. S. 40.
Izuchenie vliyaniya v sotsial'nykh setyakh s pomoshch'yu Klout / URL: http://cossa.ru/articles/152/14238/
Ingovatov V.Yu. Dialektika sotsial'nogo i ekzistentsial'nogo v bytii cheloveka // Polzunovskiy vestnik. ¹3. 2005. S.199-204.
Ionin L.G. Sotsiologiya Georga Zimmelya // Istoriya burzhuaznoy sotsiologii XIX — nachala XX veka / Pod red. I.S. Kona. Utverzhdeno k pechati Institutom sotsiologicheskikh issledovaniy AN SSSR. — M.: Nauka, 1979. — S. 180-203
Kon I.S. Druzhba. SPb.: Piter, 2005. – 330 c.
Tsyplukhin V. Rabota s informatsiey svodit menya s uma / / Chastnyy korrespondent, 28 oktyabrya 2011 goda, 17.51, URL: http://www.chaskor.ru/article/rabota_s_informatsiej_svodit_menya_s_uma_25461
Shalimov A.B. Sotsial'nye seti kak forma bytiya i sotsial'nyy institut // Zhurnal Sibirskogo federal'nogo universiteta. Gumanitarnye nauki. 2012. ¹7 (5). S. 970-977.
Adams P. The Real Life Social Network / URL: http://www.slideshare.net/padday/the-real-life-social-network-v2
Johnston Kevin, Tanner Maureen, Lalla Nishant and Kawalski Dori. Social Capital: the benefit of Facebook “friends” / Behaviour & Information Technology, 1-13, 2011.
Ugander J., Karrer B., Backstrom L., Marlow C. The Anatomy of the Facebook Social Graph, http://arxiv.org/abs/1111.4503

References (transliteration):
Federal'nyy zakon ot 27 iyulya 2006 g. N 149-FZ "Ob informatsii, informatsionnykh tekhnologiyakh i o zashchite informatsii" (s izmeneniyami i dopolneniyami)
Aristotel'. Sochineniya v chetyrekh tomakh. T.1.Red.V. F. Asmus. M., "Mysl'", 1976.-550 s. (AN SSSR, In-t filosofii. Fplos.nasledie).S.371-448.
Berdyaev N. A. Smysl tvorchestva // Filosofiya tvorchestva, kul'tury i iskusstva. M.: Iskusstvo, 1994. S. 40.
Izuchenie vliyaniya v sotsial'nykh setyakh s pomoshch'yu Klout / URL: http://cossa.ru/articles/152/14238/
Ingovatov V.Yu. Dialektika sotsial'nogo i ekzistentsial'nogo v bytii cheloveka // Polzunovskiy vestnik. ¹3. 2005. S.199-204.
Ionin L.G. Sotsiologiya Georga Zimmelya // Istoriya burzhuaznoy sotsiologii XIX — nachala XX veka / Pod red. I.S. Kona. Utverzhdeno k pechati Institutom sotsiologicheskikh issledovaniy AN SSSR. — M.: Nauka, 1979. — S. 180-203
Kon I.S. Druzhba. SPb.: Piter, 2005. – 330 c.
Tsyplukhin V. Rabota s informatsiey svodit menya s uma / / Chastnyy korrespondent, 28 oktyabrya 2011 goda, 17.51, URL: http://www.chaskor.ru/article/rabota_s_informatsiej_svodit_menya_s_uma_25461
Shalimov A.B. Sotsial'nye seti kak forma bytiya i sotsial'nyy institut // Zhurnal Sibirskogo federal'nogo universiteta. Gumanitarnye nauki. 2012. ¹7 (5). S. 970-977.
Adams P. The Real Life Social Network / URL: http://www.slideshare.net/padday/the-real-life-social-network-v2
Johnston Kevin, Tanner Maureen, Lalla Nishant and Kawalski Dori. Social Capital: the benefit of Facebook “friends” / Behaviour & Information Technology, 1-13, 2011.
Ugander J., Karrer B., Backstrom L., Marlow C. The Anatomy of the Facebook Social Graph, http://arxiv.org/abs/1111.4503

Abstract: Theories of fashion are viewed from the point of view of their influence on identity. Without opposing to classical philosophical and sociological concepts, the author, however, believes that interpretation of fashion as a semiotic (Roland Barthes) and symbolic (Jean Baudrillard) phenomenon. Based on that approach, the author of the article analyzes how the system of signs representing fashion and vestimentum codes created by fashion influence the process of identity formation. Increasing role of fashion under the conditions of globalization and acceptance of cultural and national diversity is due to the fact that choice of identity is becoming a more complex process. However, searches for individuality haven’t become easier because it is appearing to be even more difficult to find ourselves among numerous and equal models of Self. The simplest way out can be sometimes trying out different types of identity in the form of a collage, mosaic or both. Very often the simplest way to present one’s identity is to present one’s appearance (i.e. body or clothes). The author of the article shows how the codes of Eurocentric fashion are transformed or even rejected from ethnocultural and gender positions. The author also considers the development of fashion in Russia after the Perestroika period and concludes that in Russia fashion in many ways is related to traditional gender identity: femininity is related to glamour and masculinity is related to brutality and success in business.

Keywords: fashion, identity, gender, body, sign, simulacrum, symbol, differences multi-culturalism, glamour.

Contact information: Voronina Olga Alexandrovna, 119991, Russia, Moscow, ul. Volkhonka 14/1, str. 5, komn. 413.

References:
Bar K. Politicheskaya istoriya bryuk. M.: NLO, 2013. 320 s.
Bart R. Sistema mody. Stat'i po semiotike kul'tury. Per. s frants. M.: Izdatel'stvo im. Sabashnikovykh, 2004. 512 s.
Bodriyyar Zh. Simvolicheskiy obmen i smert'. M.: Dobrosvet, 2000. 387 c.
Gandl S. Glamur/per. s angl. – M.: NLO, 2011. 384 s.
Gurevich P.S. Problema identichnosti cheloveka v filosofskoy antropologii//Voprosy sotsial'noy teorii. Tom IV/ Pod red. Reznika Yu.M., Tlostanovoy M.V. M.: Assotsiatsiya «Mezhdistsiplinarnoe obshchestvo sotsial'noy teorii», 2010, s. 63-87.
Gurova O. Yu. Sotsiologiya mody: obzor klassicheskikh kontseptsiy. – SOTsIS, 2011, ¹ 8, s. 72-82.
Zimmel' G. Moda // Zimmel' G. Izbrannoe. T. 2. Sozertsanie zhizni. M.: Yurist'. 1996. S. 269–290.
Koneva A.V. Retseptsiya glamura v postsovetskom sotsial'nom voobrazhenii// Vestnik SamGU . 2012, ¹8/1, s. 13.
Lipovetskiy Zh. Imperiya efemernogo. Moda i ee sud'ba v sovremennom obshchestve. Per. s frants. M.: NLO, 2012. 273 s.
Romanovskaya M.B. Istoriya kostyuma i gendernye syuzhety mody. SPb.: Aleteyya, 2010. 442 s.
Tlostanova M. Chelovek v sovremennom mire: problemy mnozhestvennoy identichnosti// Voprosy sotsial'noy teorii. Tom IV/ Pod red. Reznika Yu.M., Tlostanovoy M.V. M.: Assotsiatsiya «Mezhdistsiplinarnoe obshchestvo sotsial'noy teorii», 2010, s. 191-217.
Uilson E. Oblachennye v mechty: moda i sovremennost'. M.: NLO, 2012. 288 s.
Bordo S. Unbearable Weight: Feminism, Western Culture, and the Body. Berkeley: Univ.Calif. Press. 1993.
Entwistle J. The Fashioned Body. Fashion, Dress and Modern Social Theory. 2003: Polity Press.
Gremillion H. The Cultural Politics of Body Size. Annual Review of Anthropol. 2005. Vol. 34, p.13–32.
Nichter M. Fat Talk: What Girls and their Parents Say about Dieting. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press. 2000.

References (transliteration):
Bar K. Politicheskaya istoriya bryuk. M.: NLO, 2013. 320 s.
Bart R. Sistema mody. Stat'i po semiotike kul'tury. Per. s frants. M.: Izdatel'stvo im. Sabashnikovykh, 2004. 512 s.
Bodriyyar Zh. Simvolicheskiy obmen i smert'. M.: Dobrosvet, 2000. 387 c.
Gandl S. Glamur/per. s angl. – M.: NLO, 2011. 384 s.
Gurevich P.S. Problema identichnosti cheloveka v filosofskoy antropologii//Voprosy sotsial'noy teorii. Tom IV/ Pod red. Reznika Yu.M., Tlostanovoy M.V. M.: Assotsiatsiya «Mezhdistsiplinarnoe obshchestvo sotsial'noy teorii», 2010, s. 63-87.
Gurova O. Yu. Sotsiologiya mody: obzor klassicheskikh kontseptsiy. – SOTsIS, 2011, ¹ 8, s. 72-82.
Zimmel' G. Moda // Zimmel' G. Izbrannoe. T. 2. Sozertsanie zhizni. M.: Yurist'. 1996. S. 269–290.
Koneva A.V. Retseptsiya glamura v postsovetskom sotsial'nom voobrazhenii// Vestnik SamGU . 2012, ¹8/1, s. 13.
Lipovetskiy Zh. Imperiya efemernogo. Moda i ee sud'ba v sovremennom obshchestve. Per. s frants. M.: NLO, 2012. 273 s.
Romanovskaya M.B. Istoriya kostyuma i gendernye syuzhety mody. SPb.: Aleteyya, 2010. 442 s.
Tlostanova M. Chelovek v sovremennom mire: problemy mnozhestvennoy identichnosti// Voprosy sotsial'noy teorii. Tom IV/ Pod red. Reznika Yu.M., Tlostanovoy M.V. M.: Assotsiatsiya «Mezhdistsiplinarnoe obshchestvo sotsial'noy teorii», 2010, s. 191-217.
Uilson E. Oblachennye v mechty: moda i sovremennost'. M.: NLO, 2012. 288 s.
Bordo S. Unbearable Weight: Feminism, Western Culture, and the Body. Berkeley: Univ.Calif. Press. 1993.
Entwistle J. The Fashioned Body. Fashion, Dress and Modern Social Theory. 2003: Polity Press.
Gremillion H. The Cultural Politics of Body Size. Annual Review of Anthropol. 2005. Vol. 34, p.13–32.
Nichter M. Fat Talk: What Girls and their Parents Say about Dieting. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press. 2000.

Abstract: The article is devoted to Nikolay Berdyaev’s (1874 – 1948) concepts of freedom and theanthropism. The philosopher believed in creative abilities bringing human out of all other natural world and leading him to self-rescue. Creative activity allows human to exceed the bounds of the world of need and enter the kingdom of freedom. However, based on Berdyaev it is not the determinism of the natural world that is the main enemy of personal freedom – it is objectivization that is the main hinder on his way to freedom. Earlier Berdyaev said about the duality of human nature and existence of the two worlds in human – the inner (subjective) world and the outer (objective) world. In his definition of freedom as a metaphysical beginning Berdayev based, in the first place, on the irrational tradition and intuitivism in Bergson’s traditions. This is why in order to understand and provide a definition the phenomenon of freedom, it is necessary to do it not from the point of view of the rational tradition, but based on our soul and internal experience. Only in this case we can understand Berdyaev’s saying that the problem of freedom is the problem of one’s creativity. In his early works Berdyaev interpreted ontology as monadology and believed that existence had nothing negative in it. In his later works Berdyaev started to oppose freedom and existence and existence was interpreted as the ‘fallen world’. At the same time, freedom is above the natural world and God – freedom lies in the ‘non-existence’ that has a higher status than God himself.

Keywords: psychology, freedom, Berdyaev, philosophy, theanthropism, metaphysics, Russia, human, society, Slavophiles.

Contact information: Parkhomenko Roman Nikolaevich, 44801, Deutschland, Bochum, Laerholzstraße, 84.

References:
1. Berdyaev N. Samopoznanie. Opyt filosofskoy avtobiografii. Parizh, 1949. 332 s.
2. Berdyaev N. Filosofiya svobodnogo dukha. M., 1994.
3. Berdyaev N. Dukh i real'nost'. M., 2006. 679 s.
4. Berdyaev N. Filosofiya svobody. M., 2007. 701 s.
5. Berdyaev N. Izbrannye trudy. M., 2010. 648 s.
6. Volkogonova O. Berdyaev. M., 2010. 390 s.
7. Gaydenko P.P. Vladimir Solov'ev i filosofiya Serebryanogo veka. M., 2001. 472 s.
8. Gorbunov V. Ideya sobornosti v russkoy religioznoy filosofii (pyat' izbrannykh portretov). M., 1994. 180 s.
9. Gulyga A.V. Tvortsy russkoy idei. M., Molodaya gvardiya, 2006. 316 s.
10. Filippova T. Nikolay Aleksandrovich Berdyaev // Volkogonova O. Berdyaev. M., 2010.

References (transliteration):
1. Berdyaev N. Samopoznanie. Opyt filosofskoy avtobiografii. Parizh, 1949. 332 s.
2. Berdyaev N. Filosofiya svobodnogo dukha. M., 1994.
3. Berdyaev N. Dukh i real'nost'. M., 2006. 679 s.
4. Berdyaev N. Filosofiya svobody. M., 2007. 701 s.
5. Berdyaev N. Izbrannye trudy. M., 2010. 648 s.
6. Volkogonova O. Berdyaev. M., 2010. 390 s.
7. Gaydenko P.P. Vladimir Solov'ev i filosofiya Serebryanogo veka. M., 2001. 472 s.
8. Gorbunov V. Ideya sobornosti v russkoy religioznoy filosofii (pyat' izbrannykh portretov). M., 1994. 180 s.
9. Gulyga A.V. Tvortsy russkoy idei. M., Molodaya gvardiya, 2006. 316 s.
10. Filippova T. Nikolay Aleksandrovich Berdyaev // Volkogonova O. Berdyaev. M., 2010.