Reference:
Koshmarov M..
Opportunities and risks of using artificial intelligence in propaganda
// Politics and Society. – 2018. – № 12.
– P. 52-62.
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Abstract: This article explores the possible prospects for the development of the currently existing technologies of artificial neural networks (artificial intelligence) in the area of producing social harmony. The author examines the possible vectors in advancement of such technologies in the short-term and medium-term perspective. The capabilities of such technologies are viewed with regards to optimization of production, resource conservation, solution of environmental and healthcare problems, as well as national security. The risk of using the new technology are viewed in the context of terrorist threat. The possibilities of artificial intelligence by the leading world powers are considered. The research results contain the previously unpublished theses on the capabilities of new technologies of neural networks (artificial intelligence) and potential use of such technologies by the key international players. The author underlines the importance and need for state regulation in this field. A conclusion is made on the relevance of international agreement in the sphere of cyber security.
Keywords: personal assistant, cybersecurity, digital transparency, national security, artificial intelligence, infocapsule, artificial neuroweb, model propaganda-economy, Keynes-Bernays model, Alice-Yandex
References:
Konferentsiya Yandeks. Yet another conference 2018. 46:12 [Elektronnyy resurs]URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xm9TY3d8n3k (data obrashcheniya 21.11. 2018)
Koshmarov M. Yu. Trubetskoy A.Yu. Evolyutsionirovanie propagandy. Nekotorye aspekty politicheskoy praktiki. // Politika i Obshchestvo.2018. №4. S. 1-13.
Veblen T. Teorii prazdnogo klassa. M.: LIBROKOM. 2017. 368s.
Koshmarov M. Yu. Trubetskoy A.Yu. Ekonomicheskie teorii i evolyutsiya propagandy. // Mir Novoy Ekonomiki. 2017. №4 S. 48-54.
Bzhezinskiy Z. Velikaya shakhmatnaya doska. M.: AST. 2017. 256s.
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Din M. Pravitel'stvennost': Vlast' i pravlenie v sovremennykh obshchestvakh. M.: Delo. RANKhiGS. 2016. 592s.
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Reference:
Koshmarov M., Trubetskoi A.Y..
The evolution of propaganda. Some aspects of political practice
// Politics and Society. – 2018. – № 8.
– P. 1-13.
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Abstract: This article examines the evolution of propaganda since the ancient times until the present stage, as well as the ancient protopropaganda. The authors analyze the transitioning processes from the ancient times to early Christianity from the perspective of state ideology. The article also studies the emergence of Protestantism and its role in development of Capitalism and establishment of the economic system of the XX century, which the authors call the economic model of Keynes-Barnays. The newest propagandistic opportunities and the potential for processing big data is reviewed. The article explores the phenomenon of the recent decade – the social networks as the new instrument of propaganda. The scientific novelty consists in examination of the propagandistic opportunities of Hollywood and the analysis of the potential of big data processing, new terms of implementation of the future consumption, implementation of the behavioral templates, information capsule, description of the postwar economy as the Keynes-Barnays model. A conclusion is made on the singularity of propaganda and the need for further research of this phenomenon.
Keywords: the singularity of propaganda., infocapsule, patterns placement, future placement, social networks, Keynes-Barnays model, protestantism, social credit score, ancient protopropaganda, axial age
References:
Dobryninin. S. «My ne zametim, kak mirom budet pravit' iskusstvennyy intellekt» 09.12.2016. radio Svoboda [Elektronnyy resurs] URL: https://www.svoboda.org/a/28166040.html
Yaspers K. Smysl i naznachenie istorii. M.: Politizdat, 1991., S.33
Nakashima E. Warrick J. 14.07.2013. For NSA chief, terrorist threat drives passion to ‘collect it all’ Washington post [Elektronnyy resurs] URL: https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/for-nsa-chief-terrorist-threat-drives-passion-to-collect-it-all/2013/07/14/3d26ef80-ea49-11e2-a301-ea5a8116d211_story.html?utm_term=.9eed571c534a
Khayek F. Doroga k rabstvu. M.: Novoe izdatel'stvo, 2005. S.45.
Khomski N. «Pribyl' na lyudyakh. Neoliberalizm i global'nyy poryadok» M.: Praksis, 2002. C.12.
Fuko M. Pravitel'stvennost' (ideya gosudarstvennogo interesa i ee genezis) (Kurs v Kollezh de Frans, 1978—1979: «Bezopasnost', territoriya i naselenie», 4 lektsiya, 1 fevralya 1978 g.) Perevod s frants. I. Okunevoy pod obshchey redaktsiey B. M. Skuratova. M.: Praksis, 2004.
Ma
Reference:
Gladkov I.A..
Communication foundations of political power in modern society
// Politics and Society. – 2018. – № 4.
– P. 10-20.
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Abstract: The subject of this article is the phenomenon of communication power as the foundation of political power in modern society. Informatization of public relations, caused by the implementation of information and communication technologies, leads to transformation of the political sphere of society. Escalation of the role of mass media in the political process puts forwards the problem of establishment and realization of the forms of governance based on communication and information. The author analyzes the content of the notion of political power, as well as reviews the communicative interpretations of the political power. Communication power, associated with the formation of social norms and values and structuring of representations on social reality, is the method of stabilization of the relations between power and supremacy, as well as one of the fundamental forms of governance in modern society. Due to the growing role of communication in the society, are developing the various methods of control over the information environment. The author concludes that the political struggle shifts towards the sphere of media politics, while the organized political communication becomes the key method of distribution of political power in the society. The article determines the dependence between the communication capabilities of the political subject and its competitive ability in the process of distribution of the political power. The author underlines the in the process of distribution of the political power in society, one of the defining factors is the possession of communication power than consists in ability of influencing the information social space, within the framework of which establish the opinions, values, and representations about the world at the public and individual levels. The scientific novelty consists in examination of the question about the reproduction of relations of political power in the society as a process based on the social communication.
Keywords: media policy, media, legitimacy, political power, political communication, communication power, communication, power, information society, information confrontation
References:
Lippman U. Publichnaya filosofiya. M., 2004. 160 s.
Weaver D. Thoughts of Agenda Setting, Framing and Priming // Journal of Communication. 2007. №57. P. 142–147.
Khabermas Yu. Strukturnoe izmenenie publichnoy sfery: Issledovanie otnositel'no kategorii burzhuaznogo obshchestva. M., 2016. 344 s.
Entman, R. Framing: Toward Clarification of a Fractured Paradigm // Journal of Communication. 1993. № 43. P. 51–58.
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Reference:
Kosorukov A.A..
Algorithms of search engines and social networks as a factor of establishment of the digital public sphere
// Politics and Society. – 2018. – № 2.
– P. 23-31.
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Abstract: The subject of this research is the algorithms of search engines and social networks that underlie the establishment of communication space of the digital public sphere. An important element of the subject of research is the practice of implementation of algorithms for personalizing the flows of search and news information tailored profile of a specific user that depends on the universal information platforms (Google, Facebook, Twitter and others), which due to the latent algorithmic mechanisms allow realizing the political-administrative and corporate control in the Internet. Particular attention is paid to the manipulative potential of the algorithms, integrated into the information platforms of new media and affecting the social interactions between the users alongside their political preferences. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that based on consideration of the contemporary sources, the author researched the innovative practices of algorithms application, including generation of the natural language, practice of “robo-journalism”, and implementation of robots for scanning and producing the information message, as well as impact upon the results of political elections and social interactions.
Keywords: media, personalization, Internet, digital public sphere, social network, search engine, algorithm, communication space, robot, discrimination
References:
Reed L., Boyd D. Who Controls the Public Sphere in an Era of Algorithms? // Data&Society, 05.13.2016 // https://datasociety.net/pubs/ap/QuestionsAssumptions_background-primer_2016.pdf (data obrashcheniya: 14.11.2017).
Musiani F. Governance by algorithms // Internet Policy Review, 2013.-№ 3 // https://policyreview.info/articles/analysis/governance-algorithms (data obrashcheniya: 14.11.2017).
Andrade P. Sociological ontology of the digital public sphere: the case of Web 2.0/3.0 // Comunicação e Sociedade, 2013.-№ 23.-P. 202-216.
Dunleavy P., Margetts H. The second wave of digital era governance // American Political Science Association Conference, 4 September 2010, Washington DC, USA // http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/27684/ (data obrashcheniya: 14.11.2017).
Dose F. Politicheskie konflikty vokrug interneta v Rossii: keys instrumenta «Yandeks.Novosti» // Laboratorium, 2017.-№ 9(2).-S. 112-132. (Perevod s frantsuzskogo Elizavety Babaevoy) // http://www.soclabo.org/index.php/laboratorium/article/view/681/1898 (dat
Reference:
Shuneyko A., Chibisova O..
Transformations of information flow in the regional press (using the example of newspapers of the Khabarovsk Region)
// Politics and Society. – 2018. – № 1.
– P. 50-61.
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Abstract: The subject of this article is the analysis of the specify of delivering of the relevant information to society in the regional newspapers, and particularly how it deforms compared to the materials of central press. The authors analyzed the peculiarities of covering by central and regional press of a remarkable information occasion – Navalny’s March of March 26, 2017. In the course of this study, the authors questioned to what extent the presentation of information in the regional press differs from its broadcast in the central press. This research leans of the following scientific methods: thematic analysis of the text, which allows identifying the maximal amount of topics covered in publications; 2) semantic analysis, which allows detecting the differences in covering the same topic. The scientific novelty consist in revealing the new perspectives in examining the specificity of the existence of regional press, types of information representation, and character of emergence of the empty sets. The results of the analysis prove that the information policy of regional press is aimed at lowering the magnitude, importance, and political component of the event. This is realized through a series of tendencies discovered by the authors, which combined can lead to the decline of trust in the regional press.
Keywords: information, text, information policy, empty set, theme, regional press, broadcast, newspaper, transformation, information flow
References:
Palenaya, E. M. : Tendentsii transformatsii informatsionnogo prostranstva sovremennogo Severnogo Kavkaza : dis. … kand. sotsiol. nauk : 22.00.06 / Palenaya Elena Mikhaylovna. – Rostov-na-Donu, 2004. – 117 c.
Zaitova, T. M. Sredstva massovoy kommunikatsii kak faktor formirovaniya informatsionnogo prostranstva naseleniya regiona : dis. … kand. sotsiol. nauk : 22.00.04 / Zaitova Tat'yana Marsovna. – Ufa, 2012. – 223 s.
Nenashev, A. I. Informatsionnoe prostranstvo sovremennogo obshchestva: kommunikatsionnyy aspekt : dis. … kand. filos. nauk : 09.00.11 / Nenashev Andrey Ivanovich. – Saratov 2008. – 141 s.
Dmitriev, M. G. Regional'naya informatsionnaya politika kak faktor formirovaniya informatsionnogo prostranstva : dis. … kand. polit. nauk : 10.01.10 / Dmitriev Maksim Georgievich. – Moskva, 2004. – 137 s.
Gryaznova, E. V. Informatsionnoe prostranstvo korporativnoy kul'tury v zdravookhranenii // Chelovek i kul'tura. 2015. № 5. S. 107-126.
Grosul, G. V. Razvitie regional'nogo televideniya v informatsionnom prostranstve Rossii 1967-2
Reference:
Khimichuk E..
Digital inequality and inequality in numbers
// Politics and Society. – 2018. – № 1.
– P. 44-49.
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Abstract: This article analyzes the definition and conceptual characteristics of digital inequality as a complicated, multicomponent phenomenon. The factors of emergence alongside the consequences of digital inequality are demonstrated. Special attention is given to the political legal consequences of the phenomenon at hand. The author underlines that disregard of such problem as digital inequality will lead to the establishment of “electronic elite”, while the majority of citizens will become out of touch with the infrastructure of e-government and e-democracy. The article provides the data of various ratings, including the rating of development of the e-government of the United Nations that allow assessing the place of Russia within the global information space. The scientific novelty consists in using the system approach towards examination of the digital inequality. The indicated category is covered in the context of cause-and-effect relation. In conclusion, the author suggests the legal methods for elimination of the digital inequality in the conditions of Russian realities. It is noted that the full support of the information rights of citizens becomes one of the priority tasks of the state.
Keywords:
References:
Reyting elektronnogo pravitel'stva OON // http://gtmarket.ru/ratings/e-government-survey/info.
Rossiya v tsifrakh 2017 // http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/doc_2017/rusfig/rus17.pdf.
Reyting razvitiya elektronnogo pravitel'stva OON // http://d-russia.ru
Reyting regionov po razvitiyu informatsionnogo obshchestva v Rossiyskoy Federatsii na 2017 god. Otchet Minkomsvyaz' Rossii // http://eregion.ru.
Kastel's M. Informatsionnaya epokha: ekonomika, obshchestvo i kul'tura / M. Kastel's. – M.: GU VShE, 2000. S.224.
Smolyan G.L. Nekotorye klyuchevye ponyatiya informatizatsii: kategorial'nyy status i predmetnaya oblast' // Informatsionnoe obshchestvo. 2015. №3-4. S.19-25.
Isaev A. Vesennyaya sessiya 2018 goda // Rossiyskaya gazeta. 2018. 17 yanvarya. S.8.
Reference:
Demenchuk P.Y..
Political realm of the idea of multinational university
// Politics and Society. – 2017. – № 12.
– P. 46-54.
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Abstract: The subject of this research is the idea of multinational university in the context of political impact of the globalization processes of higher education. The author examines the prospect of expansion of the international impact of the states exporting educational services that became the centers of development of multinational educational institutions, as well as increase of their economic and scientific potential in terms of reduction of political control and volume of economic resources of the states exporting the educational services. The article points at the key aspects of establishment and approaches to overcoming the educational inequality of the states by the developing countries. Methodology includes the historical-philosophical approach, socio-philosophical analysis, method of consideration of political processes within the framework of “center-periphery” model. The scientific novelty consists in examination of multinational university as the means of international political impact that can significantly affect the societies of other states. The main conclusion lies in the statement about the emergence and development of educational inequality, the overriding of which requires great effort from the developing countries.
Keywords: higher education, government, inequality, multinational university, globalization, ideology, education, political impact, human capital, transnational education
References:
Al'tbakh F. Dzh. Massovye otkrytye onlayn-kursy kak proyavlenie neokolonializma: kto kontroliruet znaniya // Mezhdunarodnoe vysshee obrazovanie. 2014. №75. S. 10-12.
Al'tbakh F., Basset R. Khvatit govorit' o «stranakh BRIK» — po krayney mere v ramkakh diskussii o vysshem obrazovanii // Mezhdunarodnoe vysshee obrazovanie. 2014. №77. S. 6-9.
Akhmed M. A. Internatsionalizatsiya nauki v Saudovskoy Aravii: somnitel'nye rezul'taty «akademicheskogo kapitalizma» // Mezhdunarodnoe vysshee obrazovanie. 2015. №78. S. 21-23.
Bishof L. Preodolenie granits vysshego obrazovaniya v Evropeyskom soyuze: franshiza, zarubezhnye filialy i validatsiya mezhdunarodnykh programm // Mezhdunarodnoe vysshee obrazovanie. 2014. №74. S. 24-26.
Burd'e P., Passron Zh.-K. Vosproizvodstvo: elementy teorii sistemy obrazovaniya. M., 2007. 267 s.
Demenchuk P.Yu. Universitet kak transnatsional'na korporatsiya: sotsial'no-politicheskie vyzovy globalizatsii // Vysshee obrazovanie segodnya. 2014. №6. S. 4-7.
Duda G. Vvedenie k memorandumu Vil'gel'ma fon Gumbol'dta «O vnutrenne
Reference:
Negrov E.O..
Specificities of the discourse of politically active subjects offline and online: the experience of empirical analysis
// Politics and Society. – 2017. – № 12.
– P. 55-65.
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Abstract: This article is dedicated to the analysis of peculiarities of the collective and individual discourses of the politically active subjects in comparative aspect of public presence in the Internet resources Web 2.0 and public activity “offline”, in other words, through the traditional methods of mass information. The author examines the phenomenon of political activeness, demonstrates the substantial differences between the political actors as the subjects of action and decision-makers, and politically active subjects that not quite always have sufficient powers and real authority. The peculiarities of individual discourse of the politically active subjects alongside their representation within the virtual space are being determined. Methodology implies the elements of discourse analysis within the framework of normative and institutional approaches, as well as historical and comparative methods, critical discourse analysis, cognitive analysis of political discourse, linguistic discourse analysis, and content analysis. In conclusion, the author reveals the similarities and differences between the presentation strategies within the real and virtual public space. The empirical base for this research lies in the cumulative data on representativity of the politically active subjects in TOP-100 of the leading social networks (Vkontakte, Facebook, Twitter, LiveJournal, YouTube, and Instagram).
Keywords: social networks, virtual reality, politically active subjects, political actors, individual discourse, political discourse, political activity, public place, translators, self-identification
References:
Andreenkova A. V. Politicheskoe povedenie rossiyan (chast' 2) // Monitoring obshchestvennogo mneniya. 2010. № 4 (98). S. 5–25.
Bolkhovitina T. S. Modeli politicheskogo uchastiya: problemnoe pole teoreticheskogo analiza // Nauchnye vedomosti Belgorodskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Istoriya. Politologiya. 2012. № 13 (132). S. 154–161.
Gavrilova M. V. Rechevye praktiki sovremennykh rossiyskikh politikov. Programma uchebnoy distsipliny. – SPb, 2005.-128 s.
Galkin A. A. Obshchestvennoe soznanie, nastroeniya i politicheskoe povedenie: rossiyskiy variant // Vestnik Instituta sotsiologii. 2015. № 1 (12). S. 12–33.
Elinskiy V. I., Shteynbakh Kh.E. Psikhologiya zhiznennogo prostranstva. SPb.: Rech', 2004.-312 s.
Efremova Zh. D. Formirovanie i funktsionirovanie mentaliteta naseleniya malogo provintsial'nogo goroda: Avtoreferat diss. ... kand. sotsiol. nauk. M., 2006.-148 s.
Ivanov D. V. Virtualizatsiya obshchestva. Versiya 2.0 / SPb.: «Peterburgskoe Vostokovedenie», 2002. – S. 30.
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Reference:
Nosikov A.A..
Politics in conditions of nonlinear dynamics: policy networks and diversification of ways of development
// Politics and Society. – 2017. – № 4.
– P. 45-53.
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Abstract: The author analyzes in detail the possibilities of policy networks influence on the political sphere, emphasizing the formation of new network institutions of public and political participation, the transition from a linear model of political participation to interactive. Analyzing technological and socio-economic changes, the author comes to an intermediate conclusion that the basic actor of modern politics is an individual able to directly participate in socio-political processes thanks to modern means of network communication, and the policy itself acquires the properties of a nonlinear dynamic system. The object of the research is a political space that is under the influence of the processes of networkization and socio-economic transformations, thereby acquiring the properties of a nonlinear dynamical system. The subject of the study are possible ways of development in the conditions of nonlinear dynamics. In the course of the research, the author models the most likely scenarios for changing political systems and management practices in these conditions. As a result, the author identifies seven possible ways of development in conditions of nonlinear dynamics. Some of these ways are based on the assumption that the political system perceives the network environment as a destabilizing and hostile factor, which leads to a confrontation between traditional political systems and the network space. Other ways of development involve the use of the effects of self-organization, co-creation and the complicity of political networks to formulate and implement effective policy. The author comes to the conclusion that the most optimal solution is the diversified implementation of those development ways that would allow using the synergistic effects of networks for the development of policies corresponding to the public interests.
Keywords: civil society, development ways, monitory democracy, policy development, political communication, data-driven policy making, policy networks, nonlinear dynamics, network society, public administration
References:
Projection of the Total World Population by Level of Education, 1970 – 2100. [Elektronnyy resurs]. URL: https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/projection-of-world-population-SSP2-IIASA?tab=data (data obrashcheniya: 21.02.2017)
The Millennium Development Goals Report 2015. [Elektronnyy resurs] // United Nations. URL: http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/2015_MDG_Report/pdf/MDG%202015%20rev%20(July%201).pdf (data obrashcheniya: 19.02.2017)
Ortiz-Ospina E., Roser M. Global Rise of Education. [Elektronnyy resurs] // Our World in Data. URL: https://ourworldindata.org/global-rise-of-education (data obrashcheniya: 20.04.2017)
Kelkar M., Viechnicki P., Conlin S., Frey R., Strickland F. Data-driven decision making in government. Deloitte University Press. 2016.
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Esty D., Rushing R. Governing b
Reference:
Tabakaev F., Fatikhov S..
Political myth as a strategic resource of the territorial image policy
// Politics and Society. – 2017. – № 4.
– P. 39-44.
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Abstract: The subject of this research is the political myth that manifests as an important strategic resource in creation of the image of territory. The authors thoroughly examines such aspects of the topic as the mythological consciousness, functions of the political myth as means of implementation of the political goals (replacement of reality, overcoming fear by an individual, legitimatization of authority, realization of hierarchy in society, etc.). From the perspective of methodological approach of political constructivism, the article reviews the question about the role of political myth in promoting the territorial image. The author highlight functions of the political myth in the context of image communication, as well as underline the meaning of myth in the process of personification, legitimization, identification, and management of the behavior. The territorial image policy is defined as a form of symbolic policy, implemented within the framework of the vertical political communication, Myth alongside the ritual is viewed as the elements of marketing of the territory, event-management, and territorial identity.
Keywords: event-management, strategy, construction, place image policy, image, communication, myth, symbolic politics, branding, identity
References:
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Reference:
Bogomolova E.S..
To the question of vector of the state communication policy in modern Russia
// Politics and Society. – 2017. – № 3.
– P. 111-118.
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Abstract:
The central subject field of this research is the character of communication vector of the modern Russian political elite. Special attention is given to the conceptual models of administration of public relations by means of communication. The author detects antagonism in the approaches towards the public communication. In the aspect of the question at hand, the author underlines a trend towards universalization of the general principles and approaches in the area of state administration; however, accent is made on the need to consider the substantial differences of the cultural-historical and political-institutional specificities of the Russian statehood. The author’s contribution consists in revelation of dualism in structuring the coordinates of communication vector, on one hand – under the influence of the conjuncture systemic changes, while on the other – under the guidance of examination of the extra-institutional aspects in the political process. During the course of research of the character of modern public orientation, was highlighted the bifurcation of the communication policy vector, as well as absence of the clear gradient of political elite in administration of public relations. Suggestion is made that not so much the ideological adherence to conceptual approaches, at times radical and illogical in their positions, as the acceptance of traditions of the national statehood and consideration of its exclusiveness within the historical experience, allow to properly determine the new organizational-political forms of the development of Russia.
Keywords: Symmetric dialogue, Dialogue model, PR-communication, Manipulation of public opinion, Social connections, National statehood, Social relations, Public policy, Public relations, Political communication
References:
Krasil'nikov D.G., Sivintseva O.V., Troitskaya E.A. Sovremennye zapadnye upravlencheskie modeli: Sintez New public management i Good governance // Teorii politiki, ekonomiki i upravleniya. UDK 351/354(510). 2014.
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