Review: In his article Gurevich reviews the two recently published books, 'Reason in Revlot: Marxist Philosophy and Modern Science' by Alan Woods and Ted Grant and 'Philosophy of Science: History and Methodology of Natural Sciences' by M. Rabadanova, O. Radjabova and M. Guseykhanova. In recent years the Canon+ Publishing has pubished a great number of works related to philosophical discoveries on the society. Their purpose is to cover the scope of contemporary social researches as fully as possible. Not always the truth is hidden in the most popular social brands. Therefore, Canon+ allows researchers from different countries, of different nationalities and scientific schools to express their views on social dynamics and patterns that define the development of not only exact but also humanitarian sciences. The present article describes the two books which authors follow the same conservative tradition. In one case, the purpose of the authors is to introduce the modern variant of Marxist philosophy to the readers. In the second case, Gurevich talks about the student's book which authors, as is right and proper for such works, try to avoid discussing controversial issues or unproved knowledge. In his article Gurevich offers a critical evaluation of the methodology of Marxist philosophy. In his critics the author tries to withdraw from the polemics with the modern science and philosophy and to apply the principles of Marxist philosophy. The author also bases his review on the approaches offered by modern philosophy that do not follow dogmatics or extremes of metaphysical reasoning. The novelty of the author's approach is caused by the fact that he enables a dialogue between different worldview traditions. In due time Marxist philosophy proved the efficiency and importance of its statements. However, many provisions of Marxist philosophy were later critisized and disapproved. General critisizing of Marxist philosophy had negative consequences as it was critisized almost by everyone in the 90s. Meanwhile, new challenges were outlined and many unexpected discovered were made. Those few scientists who still followed Marxist philosophy, both Russian and foreign ones, couldn't help but fence themselves off from new paradigms and continued to prove their point of view despite the fact that their statements failed to be efficient in the new age and time. According to the author, the second book on the philosophy of science also keeps to the 'noncontroversial' manner of research.     

Keywords: reason, dialectics, humanities, genome, natural science, Marxism, philosophy, science, idealism, materialism

References:
Vuds A., Grant T. Buntuyushchiy razum. Marksistskaya filosofiya i sovremennaya n nauka / Per. Yu.V. Zhuliy. M.: «Kanon+» ROOI «Reabilitatsiya», 2015. 600 s.
Rabadanov M.Kh., Radzhabov O.R. Guseykhanov M.K. Filosofiya nauki: Istoriya i metodologiya estestvennykh nauk. M.: «Kanon+» ROOI «Reabilitatsiya», 2014. 504 s.
Gurevich P.S. Velichie i bestsennost' gumanitarnogo znaniya // Gumanitarnoe znanie i vyzovy vremeni / Otv. red. i sost. S.Ya. Levit. M., SPb.: Tsentr gumanitarnykh initsiativ, Universitetskaya kniga, 2014. S. 73-90.
Gurevich P.S., Spirova E.M. Razmezhevaniya i tendentsii sovremennoy filosofskoy antropologii. M.: IF RAN, 2015. 165 s.
Gurevich P.S. Zaprogrammirovany my ili net? // Psikhologiya i psikhotekhnika. 2015. № 7(82). (v pechati).
Gorbachev V.V. Kontseptsii sovremennogo estestvoznaniya. 3-e izd., pererab. M.: Oniks: Mir i Obrazovanie, 2008. 701 s.
Grin B. Elegantnaya vselennaya: superstruny, skrytye razmernosti i poiski okonchatel'noy teorii / Nauch. red. V.O. Malyshenko. Izd. 6-e. M.: Librokom, 2013. 286 s.
Kanke V.A. Obshchaya filosofiya nauki. M.: Omega-L, 2009. 354 s.
Mikeshina L.A. Dialog kognitivnykh praktik: iz istorii epistemologii i filosofii nauki. M.: ROSSPEN, 2010. 574 s.
Nikitich L.A. Istoriya i filosofiya nauki. M.: YuNITI, 2008. 334 s.
Potev M.I. Kontseptsii sovremennogo estestvoznaniya. SPb.: Piter, 1999. 350 s.
Tinbergen N. Sotsial'noe povedenie zhivotnykh / Per. s angl. Yu.L. Amchenkova. Pod red. P.V. Simonova. M.: Mir, 1993. 149 s

References (transliteration):
Vuds A., Grant T. Buntuyushchiy razum. Marksistskaya filosofiya i sovremennaya n nauka / Per. Yu.V. Zhuliy. M.: «Kanon+» ROOI «Reabilitatsiya», 2015. 600 s.
Rabadanov M.Kh., Radzhabov O.R. Guseykhanov M.K. Filosofiya nauki: Istoriya i metodologiya estestvennykh nauk. M.: «Kanon+» ROOI «Reabilitatsiya», 2014. 504 s.
Gurevich P.S. Velichie i bestsennost' gumanitarnogo znaniya // Gumanitarnoe znanie i vyzovy vremeni / Otv. red. i sost. S.Ya. Levit. M., SPb.: Tsentr gumanitarnykh initsiativ, Universitetskaya kniga, 2014. S. 73-90.
Gurevich P.S., Spirova E.M. Razmezhevaniya i tendentsii sovremennoy filosofskoy antropologii. M.: IF RAN, 2015. 165 s.
Gurevich P.S. Zaprogrammirovany my ili net? // Psikhologiya i psikhotekhnika. 2015. № 7(82). (v pechati).
Gorbachev V.V. Kontseptsii sovremennogo estestvoznaniya. 3-e izd., pererab. M.: Oniks: Mir i Obrazovanie, 2008. 701 s.
Grin B. Elegantnaya vselennaya: superstruny, skrytye razmernosti i poiski okonchatel'noy teorii / Nauch. red. V.O. Malyshenko. Izd. 6-e. M.: Librokom, 2013. 286 s.
Kanke V.A. Obshchaya filosofiya nauki. M.: Omega-L, 2009. 354 s.
Mikeshina L.A. Dialog kognitivnykh praktik: iz istorii epistemologii i filosofii nauki. M.: ROSSPEN, 2010. 574 s.
Nikitich L.A. Istoriya i filosofiya nauki. M.: YuNITI, 2008. 334 s.
Potev M.I. Kontseptsii sovremennogo estestvoznaniya. SPb.: Piter, 1999. 350 s.
Tinbergen N. Sotsial'noe povedenie zhivotnykh / Per. s angl. Yu.L. Amchenkova. Pod red. P.V. Simonova. M.: Mir, 1993. 149 s

Review: This is the review of a book written by a famous scientist Roger Smith. In his fundamental work Roger Smith defends the status of philosophical anthropology. Based on numerous researches in philosophy, natural science and humanities, he successively creates a teaching about human nature. His position made the author of the article to refer to sources on philosophy, biology, psychology, social studies and pedagogy. That allowed to reconstruct the integrated concept of Roger Smith who insisted on the fundamental difference between natural science and humanities and emphasized the basic feature of the term ‘human nature’. By introducing the principle of human self-actualization, Roger Smith compared it to the historical knowledge. He showed that human was what the history had made him to be. In his review the author has used the methods of historical and philosophical analysis allowing to trace back the development of philosophical anthropology as a branch of science. The author also uses the hermeneutic method and axiological approach allowing to de􀏔ine the meaning of particular notions and values. The novelty of the article is in the analytical development of a detailed and deep research of Roger Smith. In his discussion the author of the review uses the terms ‘human nature’ and ‘human essence’ and analyzes the two trends in modern philosophy of anthropology – new naturalism and sociologism. He also describes the prospects of philosophical anthropology.

Keywords: philosophical anthropology, psychology, social studies, teaching, pedagogy, human nature, existence of human, nature, natural science, sociality, value.

References:
Girenok F.I. Autografiya yazyka i soznaniya. M., 2010.
Girenok F.I. Udovol'stvie myslit' inache. M., 2007.
Girenok F.I. Figury i skladki. M., 2012.
Global'noe budushchee 2045: Antropologicheskiy krizis. Konvergentnye tekhnologii. Transgumanisticheskie proekty: Materialy Pervoy Vserossiyskoy konferentsii. Belgorod, 11-12 aprelya 2013 g. M., 2014.
Gurevich P.S. Filosofskaya interpretatsiya cheloveka. M., 2012.
Gurevich P.S. Filosofskoe istolkovanie cheloveka. M., 2011.
Gurevich P.S., Paleeva N.N. Filosofiya kul'tury. M., 2014.
Smit R. Byt' chelovekom: istoricheskoe znanie i sotvorenie chelovecheskoy prirody. M., 2014.
Spirova E.M. Filosofsko-antropologicheskoe soderzhanie simvola. M., 2012

References (transliteration):
Girenok F.I. Autografiya yazyka i soznaniya. M., 2010.
Girenok F.I. Udovol'stvie myslit' inache. M., 2007.
Girenok F.I. Figury i skladki. M., 2012.
Global'noe budushchee 2045: Antropologicheskiy krizis. Konvergentnye tekhnologii. Transgumanisticheskie proekty: Materialy Pervoy Vserossiyskoy konferentsii. Belgorod, 11-12 aprelya 2013 g. M., 2014.
Gurevich P.S. Filosofskaya interpretatsiya cheloveka. M., 2012.
Gurevich P.S. Filosofskoe istolkovanie cheloveka. M., 2011.
Gurevich P.S., Paleeva N.N. Filosofiya kul'tury. M., 2014.
Smit R. Byt' chelovekom: istoricheskoe znanie i sotvorenie chelovecheskoy prirody. M., 2014.
Spirova E.M. Filosofsko-antropologicheskoe soderzhanie simvola. M., 2012

Review: People of previous epochs are still alive in our memory due to a special form of social practice –memorials. When an ant hill is burnt down, nobody will ever remember it. However, in a human society we keep the memory about former generations. The past is still there in our minds. Humanitarian sciences have a principle of historicism allowing to understand the past as a part of historical process. The article states that as a methodological principle historicism was not created at once. A German historian and history philosopher Friedrich Meineke in his book ‘Formation of Historicism’ described a full and faithful process of how the phenomenon was formed. Historicism is viewed as a natural result of the entire ideological development of the West since Antique times. Meineke thoroughly traced back the sources of historicism in works of famous English, French and German educators. The book shows how the historical thought was developing in the Western Europe and opposes to the negative attitude to historicism as a thinking paradigm.

Keywords: education, historicism, philosophy, human nature, spirit, human soul, laws, society, state.

Contact information: Gurevich Pavel Semenovich, 119991, Russia, Moscow, ul. Volkhonka, 14/1, str. 5, komn. 432.

References:
1. Aron Raymon. Etapy razvitiya sotsiologicheskoy mysli / Obshch. red. i predisl. P.S. Gurevicha. M., 1993.
2. Bul'tman Rudol'f. Istoriya i eskhatologiya. Prisutstvie vechnosti / Perevod s angl. A.M. Rutkevicha. M.,
2012.
3. Gurevich Aron. Izbrannye trudy. Srednevekovyy mir. M.; SPb, 2013.
4. Domanska Eva. Filosofiya istorii posle postmodernizma. M., 2010.
5. Sol Dzhon Rolston. Ublyudki Vol'tera. Diktatura razuma na Zapade. M., 2007.
6. Solov'ev E.Yu. Proshloe tolkuet nas. Ocherki po istorii filosofii i kul'tury. M., 1991.
7. Trel'ch E. Istorizm i ego problemy. M., 1994.
8. Shusterman Richard. Pragmaticheskaya estetika. M., 2012.

References (transliteration):
1. Aron Raymon. Etapy razvitiya sotsiologicheskoy mysli / Obshch. red. i predisl. P.S. Gurevicha. M., 1993.
2. Bul'tman Rudol'f. Istoriya i eskhatologiya. Prisutstvie vechnosti / Perevod s angl. A.M. Rutkevicha. M.,
2012.
3. Gurevich Aron. Izbrannye trudy. Srednevekovyy mir. M.; SPb, 2013.
4. Domanska Eva. Filosofiya istorii posle postmodernizma. M., 2010.
5. Sol Dzhon Rolston. Ublyudki Vol'tera. Diktatura razuma na Zapade. M., 2007.
6. Solov'ev E.Yu. Proshloe tolkuet nas. Ocherki po istorii filosofii i kul'tury. M., 1991.
7. Trel'ch E. Istorizm i ego problemy. M., 1994.
8. Shusterman Richard. Pragmaticheskaya estetika. M., 2012.