Reference:
Aleksandrova O..
Reflection of the images of the Macedon kings Philip and Alexander in current school textbooks on universal history
// Pedagogy and education. – 2023. – № 4.
– P. 70-78.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2023.4.68848.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2023.4.68848
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Abstract: The subject of research is the images of famous figures of the antiquity era – the King of Macedonia Philip II and his son Alexander, and their reflection on the pages of textbooks on universal history for the 5th grade of the school. Particular attention is paid to the correspondence of the information contained in school textbooks to historical sources and materials of historical research on these rulers.
The completeness of the reflection of the images of the two most famous Macedonian kings is analyzed, as well as a system of tasks and questions that allow to deepen knowledge both directly about outstanding historical figures and about the turning period of ancient history as a whole. The authors come to the conclusion that the personality and activity of Philip is almost completely eclipsed by the vivid image of Alexander, which corresponds to general historiographical trends. Philip's era transformations, which changed the course of not only Greek, but also world history, are briefly and casually discussed, or only one of the sides of his detelnost (military reform) is considered. This does not allow us to fully assess the significance of this figure for Ancient history, to analyze his contribution to the transformation of the Greek world.
At the same time, Alexander is presented in textbooks not just as a talented commander, but, in fact, as the greatest hero of antiquity. All the negative aspects of his personality have been smoothed out, they are practically not mentioned, in the end there remains a brilliant commander and a talented ruler.
It seems that this can lead not only to a distorted perception of the activities of specific historical figures, but also to the formation of an inherently vicious belief that timely reforms and transformations are of incomparably less value than military campaigns and conquests.
Keywords: Macedony, History of Ancient Greece, Education, Ηistory in school, Textbook, reception of antiquity, Alexander the Great, Philip II of Macedon, Ancient History, History
References:
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Aleshintsev, I.A. (1912). История гимназического образования в России (XVIII и XIX век) [History of gymnasium education in Russia (18th and 19th centuries)]. Saint Petersbourg.
Zgurakovskyi, G.E. (1940). Очерки по истории античной педагогики [Essays on the history of ancient pedagogy]. Moscow.
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Vigasin A.A., Goder G.I., Sventsitskaya I.S.ed. Iskenderova A.A. (2020). Всеобщая история. История Древнего мира. 5 класс. [World History. History of the Ancient World. 5th grade]. Moscow.
Nikishin V.O., Strelkova O.V., Tomashevich O.V., & Mikhailovsky F.A. (2020). Всеобщая история. История Древнего мира. 5 класс. [World History. History of the Ancient World. 5th grade.]. Moscow.
Reference:
Meritsidi, M. Kh..
Comparison of Beauty in Modern Culture
// Pedagogy and education. – 2011. – № 3.
– P. 66-76.
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Abstract: The concept of beauty, its phenomenon and presence in nature and human life as well as an opportunity
to get closer to something beautiful, has always surprised and inspired a human. This entrancement and
worship of beauty have been ref lected by all great classics. Pushkin’s poem ‘Beauty’ also describes the beauty
of a girl and the Beauty as something wonderful and exalted which she has and which makes others to worship
and adore her.
Keywords: philosophy, culture, beauty, spirit, nature, beautiful, human, decadence, industrial nature, art.
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