Reference:
Kozlova O.A., Khezzekova K.T..
European Integration in the Field of Regional Security Using the Example of NORDEFCO
// National Security. – 2023. – № 2.
– P. 20-35.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.2.39891.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2023.2.39891
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Abstract: The subject of the study is the integration processes of regional security in the European space, based on the research papers of B. Buzan and O. Weaver. The paper looks at different alliances of European countries with a view to achieving cooperation on point areas common to a particular region. The chosen topic is explored through the prism of the Copenhagen School of Security theories, especially those of the regional security complex and securitisation. One of the trends in contemporary international relations is regionalisation in the field of international security. An understanding of this process will therefore make it possible to anticipate the development of state policy towards intergovernmental organisations. The focus of the scholarly article is on analysing the functioning of the Nordic Defence Cooperation (NORDEFCO), as the association of the Nordic countries serves as a model for effective progressive integration in the Nordic region. The progress of the organisation is to broaden the notion of security for political action. It now includes threats and challenges not only of a military defence nature, but also of an economic, environmental, legal, social and ethno-political nature. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the identification and analysis of Nordic Defence Cooperation (NORDEFCO) in the context of a regional security subcomplex, namely in identifying further prospects for this integration group in enhancing the defence capabilities of its member states. NORDEFCO acted as a structural prototype for many European defence alliances. However, Nordic defence cooperation has not become an alternative to NATO in Northern Europe, as evidenced by Sweden and Finland's application to join the North Atlantic Alliance in 2022. Consequently, the Nordic states have not finally achieved autonomy in establishing their own security system in the region.
Keywords: integration processes, regional association, defence cooperation, regional security, regional security complex, securitization theory, European region, NATO, NORDEFCO, Nordic countries
References:
Buzan B., Hansen L. The evolution of international security studies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. P – 384.
Buzan B. People, states and fear: The national security problem in international relations. London: Harvester Press Group, 1983. P – 262.
Фененко Ю. В. Европейский интеграционный процесс и проблема безопасности человека / Ю.В. Фененко // Муниципальный мир.-2009.-№ 4.
Buzan B., Waever O. Regions and powers: The structure of international security. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. P – 592.
Юрьева Т. В. Проблемы региональной безопасности: современный опыт Европы // Вестник МГИМО-Университета. №6 (15), 2010. – С. 126–133.
Еремина Н. В. Люблинский треугольник как свидетельство усиления регионального блокового подхода в Восточной Европе // Евразия. Эксперт. – 2021. – Выпуск 1 C. 47–53. URL: https://journal.eurasia.expert/s271332140014406-3-1/. DOI: 10.18254/S271332140014406-3
Nemeth, B., & Csiki, T. Perspectives of Central European Multinational Defence Coope
Reference:
Moreva E.L., Obolenskaya L.V..
Reformatting the National Environmental Agenda for Safe Business Development under Sanctions
// National Security. – 2022. – № 5.
– P. 91-99.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2022.5.39052.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2022.5.39052
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Abstract: The subject of the research in the article is the national environmental agenda of the Russian Federation and the issues of its reformatting. The need to implement the national environmental agenda is shown on the example of the Arctic region, where it is necessary to take into account: (1) the planned intensification of industrial development, which increases the risks of negative impact of man-made factors on environmental safety; (2) the specifics of the region, which aggravates the criticality of environmental safety problems. Against the background of today's sanctions pressure, the task of reformatting the national environmental agenda has entered the list of urgent technological and logistical problems for Russian business. Reformatting includes anti-sanctions measures to support business security, which the study focuses on. The novelty of the research consists in substantiating and developing a balanced approach to reformatting the national environmental agenda, carried out to ensure the safe development of business under sanctions pressure. The approach focuses on two key areas of reformatting: (1) measures to temporarily weaken environmental regulations; (2) measures to support priority environmental projects of business, as well as domestic developers and manufacturers of environmental equipment. From the analysis of business and environmental risks, in the zone of which the Arctic territories fall, it is concluded that there is a need for a rational combination of the identified areas. From the standpoint of environmental safety and business preparation for improving the economic situation, the need to strengthen the second direction of reformatting related to the implementation of priority environmental business projects is shown. The results obtained can be useful for choosing anti-sanctions measures to support safe business development within the framework of the state policy of ensuring national security.
Keywords: balanced approach, environmental risks, entrepreneurial risks, anti-sanctions measures, external sanctions, the Arctic, environmental security, business security, national environmental agenda, reformatting the environmental agenda
References:
Закондырин А. Импортозамещение: в поисках эффективной модели экологической политики в условиях санкций. [Zakodikin, A. Import substitution: in search of an effective model of environmental policy under sanctions] URL: https://www.vedomosti.ru/ecology/regulation/columns/2022/04/21/919234-importozameschenie-v-poiskah-effektivnoi-modeli-ekologicheskoi-politiki-v-usloviyah-sanktsii (дата обращения 18.08.2022).
Understanding Present and Past Arctic Environments An Integrated Approach from Climate Change Perspectives 1st Edition-August 20, 2021 Editor: Neloy Khare No. of pages: 520, Elsevier 2021 ISBN: 9780128228692 eBook ISBN: 9780128230787.
Thomas, D. N. (2021). Arctic Ecology. (1 ed.) Wiley, 464p., ISBN 978111884658 https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118846582.
Ksenija Hanacek , Markus Kroger , Arnim Scheidel, Facundo Rojas, Joan Martinez-Alier On thin ice – The Arctic commodity extraction frontier and environmental conflicts // Ecological Economics Volume 191, January 2022, 107247.
Богоявленский В.И.,
Reference:
Vakarev A.A., Vinogradov V.V., Ievleva N.V., Vinnichenko A.S., Kotel'nikova D.V..
Russia as part of the Eurasian Economy in the modern era of transformation of the world market: economic security
// National Security. – 2022. – № 3.
– P. 14-27.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2022.3.38188.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2022.3.38188
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Abstract: The subject of the study is the system of relations related to ensuring the economic security of Russia as part of the Eurasian economy in the conditions of the current global crisis, and the choice of the main directions of its development in the presence of Western and Eurasian models of positioning in the world economy.The object of the study is the state of the world market in modern conditions in its dialectical dualism of the presence of Western and Eurasian models of positioning of national economies.
The authors consider in detail such aspects of the topic as the problem of the presence in the modern global economy of two main concepts as part of the development of the modern world market: financial and industrial. Particular attention is paid to which groups of countries are developing within the framework of these concepts, and Russia's position in relation to them is determined from the standpoint of ensuring its economic security. The main conclusions of the study are the following:
- there are two main models in the modern market: the Western one, which is based on the priority development of the financial market; and the Eurasian one, which is based on the development of real production;
- Russia in recent decades has sought to develop according to the Western model, but has a high degree of adaptation to the Eurasian one, especially due to the development of extractive industries;
- the way out of the current crisis is likely to involve a shift in global emphasis from the financial concept of development to the production one.
In these conditions, it makes special sense for Russia to develop and implement a comprehensive program for closer integration into the Eurasian economy. It is this integration that will give economic security a qualitatively new level.
A special contribution of the authors is to identify the main directions of Russian economic and managerial activities to ensure the repositioning of the country's economy according to the Eurasian model after the end of the current crisis.
The novelty of the study lies in the statistical substantiation of the parameters of the difference between the Western and Eurasian models.
Keywords: the Eurasian model, western model, concept, real production, public debt, Eurasia, development, Economy, financial model, production model
References:
Aleshkovsky I.A., Bondarenko V.M. On the question of choosing a new paradigm of global development / I.A.Aleshkovsky, V.M.Bondarenko // Russia and the Modern world.-2021.-N 2.-pp.71-85.
Gross domestic product of Russia at current prices URL: https://rosinfostat.ru/vvp (Date addresses: 12.05.2022)
External debts of the countries of the world URL: https://svspb.net/danmark/vneshnij-dolg-stran.php (Accessed: 12.05.2022)
Gorokhov P.A., Yuzhaninova E.R. A look at globalization processes through the prism of the Hegelian heritage / P.A.Gorokhov, E.R.Yuzhaninova // Siberian Philosophical Journal.-2018.-Vol.16, N 3.-pp.227-237.
Yenshina E.V. World globalization as a source of conflicts in society // Conflictology.-2017.-N 1.-pp.83-89.
Jean Baptiste Say: biography and works URL: https://www.syl.ru/article/329619/jan-batist-sey-biografiya-i-trudyi (Accessed: 12.05.2022)
Krylova I.A. Russia in the conditions of globalization: new threats // Philos. science.-2016.-N 4.-P.30-44.
Pichurin I.I. T
Reference:
Kormishkina L.A., Kormishkin E.D..
Environmental investment is a powerful "support" for the progressive and sustainable growth of the post-pandemic economy of Russia
// National Security. – 2022. – № 3.
– P. 28-44.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2022.3.38346.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2022.3.38346
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Abstract: The objective need for environmental investment to overcome the reproduction of anti-sustainable environmental trends in the modern Russian economy and its post-pandemic recovery is substantiated. Environmental investments that meet the criteria of the global ESG agenda are positioned as responsible in their essence and transformative in their functional role. Original scientific judgments are presented on the impact of such investments on the dynamics and intensity of "green" innovations (new technologies, production processes, supply chains capable of solving issues of waste processing and industrial reproduction of raw materials from waste resources, as well as the use of alternative energy sources, etc.), which are able to generate long-term and sustainable growth of aggregate factor productivity (TFP) and ensure the radical transformations of the economic system associated with the formation of a "green" circular economy. Regressive models (growth curves) have been constructed for the current domestic economy, taking into account the volume of environmental investment, confirming the hypothesis of the "weakness" of this process in the Russian Federation, including due to the lack of significant changes in the state environmental policy. The minimum necessary economic tools of the state policy in the field of stimulating environmental investment in Russia have been formed in order to post-pandemic recovery of its economy and ensure long-term sustainable growth of TFP. The conducted research makes a certain contribution to the development of the theory of endogenous economic growth by taking into account the impact of environmental investment, which is initially focused on the effective use of natural capital, on the maximum involvement of waste resources in economic turnover, the replacement of traditional production technologies with environmentally friendly or low-carbon, the improvement of ecosystems, the production potential of the economy, the quality of the environment and social changes.
Keywords: sustainable economic growth, circular economy, growth curves, cumulative factor productivity, deinvestments, green innovation, environmental investment, anti-sustainable environmental trends, pandemic economic recession, rental model of the economy
References:
Spence M. (2021). High Growth Sectors in the Post Recovery Decade. Project Syndicate. Available at: https//www.project–syndicate.org (commentary/post–covid–high–grouth–sectors–6y–michael–spense–2021–04.2021.
Jackson T. (2017). Prosperity without Growth? Foundations for the Economy of Tomorrow. United Kingdom: Rout ledge. 350p.
Gubanov S. (2014). Novaya industrializaciya i sektor reciklinga // Ekonomist. №12. S. 3-11.
Jackson T. (2009). Prosperity without Growth: Economics for a Finite Planet United Kingdom: Earth can Publications Ltd. 286 p.
Gubanov S. (2012). Derzhavnyj proryv. Neoindustrializaciya Rossii i vertikal'naya integraciya. Moskva. 223 s.
Glaz'ev S. YU. (2018). Ryvok v budushchee. Rossiya v novyh tekhnologicheskom i mirohozyajstvennom ukladah. («Kollekciya Izborskogo kluba»). M.ZH Knizhnyj mir. 768 s.
Fyuks R. (2019). Zelenaya revolyuciya : Ekonomicheskij rost bez ushcherba dlya ekologii / Per s nem. Moskva: Al'pina nonfikshn. 330 s.
Bobylev S. N. (2020). Ustojchivoe raz
Reference:
Gorochnaya V.V., Mikhaylova A.A., Mikhaylov A.S..
Innovative security of the border region: experience of comparative statistical and expert evaluation in Rostov Oblast
// National Security. – 2020. – № 5.
– P. 24-44.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2020.5.31677.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2020.5.31677
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Abstract: The subject of this research is innovative security of Rostov Oblast of the Russian Federation as a western border region in the present context of geo-economic uncertainty and intricacy. Relevance of this article is substantiated by the current geopolitical factor, when innovative systems of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation experience a strong negative external influence, which is a result of relations between Russia and Western countries. It has a greater impact on the border regions that are integrated into the international innovative and production chains, and have stable economic ties with the foreign partners. The novelty of this research consists in conceptualization of representations on innovative security through the prism of nonlinear dynamics of the complex open systems. The values of this research consists in empirical material acquired in the course of expert interviews. The comparison of obtained empirical qualitative and quantitative results allows concluding on the relatively consistent positive dynamics of innovative development of Rostov Oblast, but at the same time indicating the key issues in ensuring its innovative security in the new geopolitical realities.
Keywords: regional competitiveness, Rostov region, Western regions of Russia, geo-economic turbulence, border region, innovative development, regional innovative security, in-depth interview, economic security, security threat
References:
Bagaryakov A. V. Innovatsionnaya bezopasnost' v sisteme ekonomicheskoy bezopasnosti regiona // Ekonomika regiona. – 2012. – №2. – S. 302-305.
Golova I. M., Sukhovey A. F. Formirovanie innovatsionnoy sostavlyayushchey ekonomicheskoy bezopasnosti regiona // Ekonomika regiona. – 2017. – №4. – S. 1251-1263.
Kadyshev E. N., Smirnov V. V. Innovatsionnaya sostavlyayushchaya ekonomicheskoy bezopasnosti regiona // Vestnik ChGU. – 2013. – №4. – S. 328-333.
Kuznetsova M. V., Kuznetsova E. I. Vzaimosvyaz' uskoreniya tekhnologicheskogo razvitiya i obespecheniya ekonomicheskoy bezopasnosti regionov Rossiyskoy Federatsii // Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta MVD Rossii. – 2019. – №5. – S. 250-254.
Kuklin A. A., Bagaryakov A. V., Nikulina N. L. Formirovanie innovatsionnoy kul'tury v aspekte obespecheniya ekonomicheskoy bezopasnosti regiona // Upravlenets. – 2012. – №9-10. – S. 30-33
Mityakov E. S., Mityakov S. N. Otsenka riskov v zadachakh monitoringa ugroz ekonomicheskoy bezopasnosti // Trudy NGTU im. R.E. Alekseeva. – 2018. – №1 (120). – S. 43-51.
S
Reference:
Shul'ts V.L., Bochkarev S.A., Kul'ba V.V., Shelkov A.B., Chernov I.V., Timoshenko A.A..
Analysis of the problems of the transformation of systems of legislative regulation and law enforcement in the conditions of digitalization and the methods of assessing the efficiency of decision-making
// National Security. – 2019. – № 4.
– P. 19-74.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2019.4.30149.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2019.4.30149
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Abstract: This work is dedicates to the methodological and applied problems of increasing efficiency of the transformation management process of the systems of legislative regulation and law enforcement in the conditions of the developed information society. The article presents the results of analysis of the impact of digitalization processes upon the various aspects of human life, social development and government institutions. The authors examine the issues associated with growing vulnerability of the national socioeconomic system in the context of globalization are examined; as well as conduct the analysis of the key vectors and peculiarities of the transformation of social relations alongside the problems of their legislative regulation brought on by digitalization. The article also considers the tasks for improvement of the principles, methods, functions and techniques in the work of the law enforcement system in terms of the development of information society and the resulting new threats to social security. For increasing the efficiency of solving applied and practical tasks related to transformation of the systems of legislative regulation and law enforcement in the conditions of digitalization, the authors propose using the methodology of scenario analysis that allows the possibility of information support and quality assessment of preparing and making decisions within the framework of managing the indicated processes. The utmost efficiency of using scenario techniques is reached in the process of preparation and assessment of the outcome of strategic solutions as it allows analyzing the alternative options in development of the situation within society and the state in the conditions of imperfect information and uncertainty. In solving tactical problems related to ensuring social stability, it seems reasonable to implement the aforementioned techniques in the process of preparation and assessment of the effectiveness of preventative and prompt measures of counteracting emerging threats. This work is financially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research within the framework of scientific research project No.18-29-16151 “Development of the Methods of Managing Transformation of Law in the Conditions of Digital Technology”.
Keywords: law enforcement, scenario analysis, decisions-making, security, transformation, law, Information society, digitalization, simulation, efficiency
References:
Kononov D.A., Kul'ba V.V., Kovalevskiy S.S., Kosyachenko S.A. Formirovanie stsenarnykh prostranstv i analiz dinamiki povedeniya sotsial'no – ekonomicheskikh sistem. – M.: IPU RAN, 1999. – 104 s.
Kahn H. On escalation: Metaphors and scenarios. – New York: Praeger, 1965. – 308 p.
Shul'ts V.L., Kul'ba V.V., Shelkov A.B., Chernov I.V. Upravlenie regional'noy bezopasnost'yu na osnove stsenarnogo podkhoda. – M.: IPU RAN, 2014. – 163 s.
Arkhipova N.I., Kul'ba V.V., Kosyachenko S.A., Shelkov A.B. Informatsionnyy menedzhment. / Pod red. N.I. Arkhipovoy, V.V. Kul'by. – M.: Ekonomika, 2013. – 749 s.
Tagirov Z.I. Model' sistemy otsenki konechnykh sotsial'no-znachimykh rezul'tatov deyatel'nosti organov vnutrennikh del i inykh sub'ektov pravookhranitel'noy sistemy s pozitsii setevogo podkhoda (na opyte organizatsii deyatel'nosti politsii stran Evropeyskogo soyuza). // Politseyskaya i sledstvennaya deyatel'nost'. 2018. № 1. – s. 27-41.
Stepanov O.A., Prokhorova E.N. O «silovoy» sostavlyayushchey pravookhranitel'noy sistemy, obespechivayushchey bezopasnoe osushches
Reference:
Asadova Z.A., Mekhdiev E.T..
Major types of threats to information security in post-Soviet states
// National Security. – 2018. – № 1.
– P. 13-18.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2018.1.25592.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2018.1.25592
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Abstract: The growing economic and political value of information opens a question not only about the technological development of the state in this area, but also ensuring security from information leakage and other threats to informations security. This article provides the review of major threats to information security in post-Soviet states, analyses of the basic measures of legislative and organizational character to combat them, as well as examines the cooperation of post-Soviet states in the area of ensuring information security within the framework of such organizations as Shanghai Cooperation Organization and Collective Security Treaty Organization. The authors note the existence of the mechanism of multilateral and bilateral character on preventing cybercrime, distribution of religious-extremist materials through social and telecommunication networks, along with limiting the use of Internet for the purpose of intervening the domestic affairs of the states. At the same time, it is necessary to find balance between the measure on preventing the state hazardous information propaganda and the freedom of civic self-expression.
Keywords: cyber terrorism, cybercrime, information society, information and communication technologies, Post-Soviet area, CSTO, SCO, international security, global politics, globalization
References:
Ekspert: ODKB sosredotachivaetsya na bor'be s terrorizmom. Elektronnyy resurs: Rezhim dostupa. https://sputnik.by/analytics/20151221/1019168619.html (data obrashcheniya: 05.02.2017)
Foreign fighters the soufan group december 2015. Available at: http://soufangroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/TSG_ForeignFightersUpdate3.pdf(accessed: 05.02.2017)
Fedorov A.V. Informatsionnaya bezopasnost': politicheskaya teoriya i diplomaticheskaya praktika: monografiya / A.V.Fedorov, E.S.Zinov'eva; Mosk. gos. in-t mezhdunar. otnosheniy (un-t) MID Rossii, Tsentr mezhdunar. informatsion. bezopasnosti i nauchno-tekhnologich. politiki, kaf. mirovykh politich. protsessov. — M.: MGIMO-Universitet, 2017. — 357 s.
Surma I.V. Edinoe informatsionnoe prostranstvo SNG: 20 let spustya // Voprosy bezopasnosti. 2015. № 5. S. 41-58.
Saidova K. Tadzhikistan i Kyrgyzstan ishchut effektivnye mery bor'by s kiberprestupnost'yu. Elektronnyy resurs: Rezhim dostupa. https://digital.report/tadzhikistan-i-kyirgyizstan-ishhut-effektivnyie-meryi-borbyi-s-kiberprestupnostyu
Reference:
Zinnurov R.T., Fedorenko A.A..
International terrorism in the XXI century: instrument of proxy warfare or independent actor
// National Security. – 2017. – № 6.
– P. 1-10.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2017.6.24808.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2017.6.24808
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Abstract: This article examines the place and role of international terrorism at the present stage, its impact upon the socioeconomic and political process at the Near and Middle East, Europe, and Russia. The authors attempt to determine the level of independence of the international terrorist structures in planning, organization, and implementation of their activity. International terrorism as a factor that affects the global politics, has established in the late XX century. The most influential modern terrorist organizations Al-Qaeda, Islamic Stat (banned in the Russian Federation) have been established in the countries of Near and Middle East. The article analyzes the Russian and foreign literature, as well as applies the method of comparative analysis, problem-chronological and system approach. In the early XXI century, international terrorism raised a claim for their independent role as well as began involving significant number of the politically active population, including from Europe and Russia, to join their ranks. Over the recent 25 years, terrorist acts had been organized by the Islamist extremist groups practically all over the world, and claimed thousands of lives. The emergence of Islamic State of Iraq and Syria had to become the core of the “new caliphate”. The reasons of such activeness carry not as much political or economic character, but are much deeper. Today, the world faces the era of the new global crisis, associated with searching for ways of social development, formation of life prospects, and new meanings of human existence.
Keywords: proxy wars, USA, ISIS, Al-Qaeda, international terrorism, Islamism, foreign policy, Boko Haram, caliphate, modern society
References:
Who was behind the jihadist attacks on Europe and North America? URL: http://www.bbc.com/news/world-40000952 (accessed: 27.09.2017).
Stanton J. Terrorism in the Context of Civil War // The Journal of Politics. 2013. 75 (04). P.1009-1022
Scott A. Mindless terrorists? The truth about Isis is much worse. URL: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/nov/15/terrorists-isis (accessed: 27.09.2017)
«Forget Terrorism»: The Real Reason Behind the Qatar Crisis Is Natural Gas. Zero Hedge. URL: http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2017-06-06/forget-terrorism-real-reason-behind-qatar-crisis-natural-gas (accessed: 25.09.2017).
Findley M., Piazza J., Young J. Games Rivals Play: Terrorism in International Rivalries // The Journal of Politics. 2012. 74 (01). P.235-248.
Constructions of Terrorism: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Research and Policy. Ed. By M.Stohl, R.Burchill, S.Englund. University of California Press, 2017. 256 p.
Beck C., Miner E. Who Gets Designated a Terrorist and Why? // Social Forces. 2
Reference:
Zabirov D.V..
History of establishment of national security in the Republic of Tajikistan within the framework of the system of regional security
// National Security. – 2017. – № 6.
– P. 42-46.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2017.6.25132.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2017.6.25132
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Abstract: The object of this research is the question of establishment of national security in the Republic of Tajikistan within the framework of the system of regional security. The subject of this research is the vectors, forms, and peculiarities of ensuring national security of Tajikistan, as well as the key stages of establishment of national security within the framework of regional organizations. Main attention is given to the combination of factors that affected the establishment of the system of national security of independent Tajikistan: its domestic processes that took place at the moment of acquiring independence – civil war, proximity to the volatile Afghanistan, terrorist threats, overall situation in CIS after the collapse of USSR, relations with Russia ads the key ally, processes influenced the object of research as part of new CIS. The main conclusion lies in the thesis that any forms of national security of Tajikistan within the framework of the system of regional security and historical retrospective, as well as at the present stage, are “inseparably” tied to Russia, which must guarantee the security of state borders, and serve as a military and financial donor.
Keywords: cooperation, region, Tajikistan, Russia, threat to security, former Soviet Republics, stage, regional security, Collective Security Treaty Organization, Collective Security Treaty
References:
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Reference:
Simanovich L.N..
Optimization of military policy of the Russian Federation for ensuring energy security of the state
// National Security. – 2017. – № 4.
– P. 12-18.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2017.4.23932.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0668.2017.4.23932
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Abstract: In the conditions of the increasing instability in the world, as well as due to the limitation and exhaustibility of the major energy resources, the ensuring of energy security becomes one of the most important problems of the highly developed states. The potential shortage of hydrocarbons causes the strive for controlling the rich with energy resources regions, which induces the states to use military force, beginning from military intervention and ending with creation of the military alliances and coalitions, which in particular are called to ensure their energy security. Fight for energy resources becomes more and more politicized, thus significantly influences the defensive policy of Russia. This article is dedicated to the questions of energy security of Russia and certain measures in involvement of the Armed Forces of Russia to ensure one of the key national interests – power. The subject of this research lies in consideration of the question about the relevance of applying the Armed Forces of Russia for ensuring the power interests of the county, in other words, the military-political aspects of ensuring the energy security. The scientific novelty consists in the attempt to analyze the need and role of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in specific regions for protecting the national interests with regards to power within the country (Arctic, Crimea) and overseas (Syria), as well as the involvement of Armed forces in the fight against terrorism at the power objects.
Keywords: national interests, energy resources, energy security, globalization, armed forces, military policy, mineral wealth, strategy, threats to security, terrorism
References:
Belozerov V. K. Voennaya sila i energeticheskaya politika Rossii.// Zhurnal. Vlast'. 2016, №1.-Str. 8-13
Burkin A.M. Natsional'naya bezopasnost' Rossii v kontekste sovremennykh politicheskikh protsessov. Monografiya. M.: Izd-vo RAGS, 2015.-S. 478
Valiakhmetova G. N. Problemy energeticheskoy bezopasnosti v Azii //Zhurnal. Problemy vostokovedeniya. Izdatel'stvo Akademiya nauk respubliki Bashkortostan-S. 12-21
Voennaya doktrina Rossiyskoy Federatsii (utv. Prezidentom RF 25.12.2014 N Pr-2976) [Elektronnyy resurs].-Dostup iz spravochno-pravovoy sistemy «Konsul'tantPlyus» (data obrashcheniya: 21.08.2017).
Strategiya natsional'noy bezopasnosti. Ukaz Prezidenta Rossiyskoy Federatsii ot 31 dekabrya 2015 goda N 683 "O Strategii natsional'noy bezopasnosti Rossiyskoy Federatsii" [Elektronnyy resurs].-Dostup iz spravochno-pravovoy sistemy «Konsul'tantPlyus» (data obrashcheniya: 21.08.2017).
Energeticheskaya strategiya Rossii. Rasporyazhenie Pravitel'stva Rossiyskoy Federatsii ot 13 noyabrya 2009 g. [Elektronnyy resurs].-Rezhim dostupa: http://goo.gl/p4
Reference:
Troshchinskiy P.V..
The legislation of China in the sphere of fighting espionage and high treason: the historical and legal aspect
// National Security. – 2016. – № 3.
– P. 347-357.
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Abstract: The subject of research is the legislation of China in the sphere of fighting espionage and high treason. In this context the evolution of Chinese laws starting from the period of Ancient China up until present days is considered. During the whole period of statehood existence the counter-espionage service of China has recognized the fight against the acts of espionage and high treason as a matter of top priority. The Chinese “Art of War” of Sun Tzu has laid the theoretical foundation for it. According to the existing legislation, for the commission of the indicated crimes the perpetrator has been always submitted to the capital punishment. It was during the ancient times as well as during the periods of the Civil War, the Resistance against the Japanese Aggression and the years following the foundation of the People’s Republic of China. Nowadays death penalty for espionage and high treason still exists. Except the criminal code, the legal system of China contains the unique law “concerning fighting espionage” (was adopted in 2014). In 2015 the new law “concerning state security” was adopted. In 2013 in the system of the governmental authorities a new Central Committee on National Security evolved, it is responsible for fighting espionage and high treason. All the above stated indicates that within the scope of the research the Chinese state possesses the distinctive law-making experience, which represents an issue of great interest for the national science in the framework of comparative law.
Keywords: Criminal responsibility, Counter-intelligence, Intelligence, Comparative legal studies, Death penalty, Legislation, Legal system, Treason, Espionage, China
References:
URL: http://www.chinanews.com/gn/2015/10-11/7563526.shtml (data obrashcheniya-10.11.2015) (na kit. yaz.).
Troshchinskiy P.V. Evolyutsiya pravovoy sistemy KNR v poslednie gody // Pravo i politika. - 2015. - 5. - C. 642 - 650. DOI: 10.7256/1811-9018.2015.5.14906.
URL: http://news.ifeng.com/a/20150310/43306106_0.shtml (data obrashcheniya-10.11.2015) (na kit. yaz.).
Akhmetshin Kh.M., Akhmetshin N.Kh., Petukhov A.A. Sovremennoe ugolovnoe zakonodatel'stvo KNR. M.: ID «Muravey», 2000. S.64.
URL: http://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/simp/world/2015/09/150930_china_japan_espionage (data obrashcheniya-10.11.2015) (na kit. yaz.).
Obrazovanie Kitayskoy Narodnoy Respubliki. Dokumenty i materialy. M.: Gosudarstvennoe izdatel'stvo politicheskoy literatury, 1950. S.32-33.
Zakonodatel'nye akty Kitayskoy Narodnoy Respubliki. Perevod s kitayskogo. Pod red. i s vstupitel'noy stat'ey Kovaleva E.F. M.: Izdatel'stvo inostrannoy literatury, 1952.
Konstitutsiya i osnovnye zakonodatel'nye akty Kitayskoy Narodnoy Re
Reference:
Zherebkin M.V..
Containment of Russia as a condition for preserving the global hegemony of the United States
// National Security. – 2015. – № 5.
– P. 656-664.
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Abstract: The subject of this research is the forms and methods of countermeasures against Russia that are currently implemented by the United States and their allies, and the level of their influence upon the development of our country. The author highlights a few significant milestones that have withstood contraposing sides, and notes that the drastic change in the relations happens after the “Crimean Spring”. In this struggle it will be Russia’s resilience that will determine the two key factors of modernity: first, whether or not Russia will be reborn and become a world power, and second, whether or not the United States will be able to remain the world hegemony. The stakes in this game are Russia’s national security, its development as an independent state, as well as its very existence as a country. The author examines four main vectors of confrontation between Russia and the allied forces of the West: revision of the results of the World War II, painting Russia as an aggressor, economic sanctions, and political isolation. The novelty of this research consists in the generalization of methods and means of humanitarian, economic, and geopolitical aggression against Russia and forecasting its consequences for the nation.Rigorous analysis of the facts and trends allows the researcher to conclude that Russia was forced to enter a period of long confrontation with the Western world.
Keywords: world leader, political isolation, economic sanctions, straight historical record, “Crimean Spring”, crucial point, aggressor, confrontation, information space, national security
References:
Poslanie Prezidenta Federal'nomu sobraniya Rossiyskoy Federatsii. [Elektronnyy resurs]: Rossiyskaya gazeta. 25 aprelya 2005. URL: www.rg.ru/2005/04/25/poslanie-text.html (data obrashcheniya: 25.04.2015).
Klinton: SShA ne dopustyat vozrozhdeniya SSSR. [Elektronnyy resurs]: Russia Today na russkom. 07.12.2012. URL: http://russian.rt.com/article/1787 (data obrashcheniya: 25.04.2015).
Opros: V Evrope ne znayut o roli Krasnoy Armii v pobede nad fashizmom, http://vz.ru/news/2015/4/28/742622.html (data obrashcheniya: 28.04.15)
Poslanie prezidenta RF Vladimira Putina Federal'nomu Sobraniyu http://www.rg.ru/2013/12/12/poslanie.html (data obrashcheniya: 28.05.15).
Pust' iz 40 millionov ukrainskogo naseleniya ostanetsya tol'ko polovina – nichego strashnogo v etom net! http://2015.livejournal.com/463349.html (data obrashcheniya: 21.06.15)
Matios rasskazal o massovykh pytkakh boevikami «Tornado». http://ukraina.ru/news/20150620/1013413397.html (data obrashcheniya: 21.06.15)
Opros: 89% rossiyan odo
Reference:
Yasnosokirskiy Yu.A..
The correlation between “Responsibility to Protect” and “Humanitarian Intervention” concepts
// National Security. – 2015. – № 5.
– P. 665-671.
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Abstract: The subject of this research is the “Responsibility to Protect” concept, the key positions of which are contained in its basic document – the Report of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (2002). The author interprets the “Responsibility to Protect” doctrine as a moderate version of the concept of “Humanitarian Intervention”. The author also conducts a comparative analysis of these two concepts from the perspective of controversy of the legal principle of state sovereignty and the moral imperative of protecting human rights. The scientific novelty consists in revelation of the fact that the concept of “Humanitarian Intervention” contradicts the international law while the “Responsibility to Protect” doctrine, if properly implemented on the international arena, represents the evolutionary development of this direction of international law, which requires devising criteria for practical realization of that concept by the global community.
Keywords: international law, "Responsibility to Protect" concept, humanitarian intervention, external intervention, armed intervention, interference in sovereignty, humanitarian actions, protection of citizens, protection of human rights, state sovereignty
References:
Gavrilov V. V. Sootnoshenie i posledovatel'nost' deystviy organov gosudarstva i mezhdunarodnykh organizatsiy v ramkakh kontseptsii «otvetstvennost' za zashchitu» v Aziatsko-Tikhookeanskom regione Evraziyskiy yuridicheskiy zhurnal. 2010. № 12 (31). [Elektronnyy resurs].-Rezhim dostupa: http://www.eurasialaw.ru/index.php?option=com_ content&view=article&id=1611:-l-r-&catid=194:2010-12-27-06-58-52&Itemid=1
Gigineyshvili M. T. Problema obychno-pravovoy prirody kontseptsii «otvetstvennost' za zashchitu» // Al'manakh sovremennoy nauki i obrazovaniya.-2009.-№ 7 (26): v 2-kh ch.-Ch. I.-C. 31-33.
Gumanitarnaya interventsiya [Elektronnyy resurs].-Rezhim dostupa: http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gumanitarnaya_interventsiya.
Doklad gruppy vysokogo urovnya po ugrozam, vyzovam i peremenam [Elektronnyy resurs].-Rezhim dostupa: http://www.un.org/russian/secureworld/a59-565.
Doklad Mezhdunarodnoy komissii po vmeshatel'stvu i gosudarstvennomu suverenitetu [Elektronnyy resurs]. Rezhim dostupa: http://daccess-dds
Reference:
Glushchenko V.V..
Geoeconomic factor of ensuring national security of a state
// National Security. – 2015. – № 5.
– P. 672-682.
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Abstract: The subject of this article is geoeconomics as a methodological basis of geopolitical economy. The object of this article contains the strategy of ensuring national security by developing geopolitical economy. The goal of this work is to increase the level of national security of the country via forming a strategy of establishing geopolitical economy of the country in the conditions of surmounting the global crisis. The author examines the notion and the concept of the influence of geopolitical economy upon ensuring national security, the functions and the role of geoeconomics within the post-crisis world order, the conditions and factors of increasing the geopolitical stability of the state by means of development national geoeconomics in the conditions of overcoming the global crisis. The scientific novelty of this research lies in the study of the concept of national security in conjunction with the notion and development of geopolitical economy, the formation of the foundation of geoeconomics as a science about geopolitical economy, as well as the description of laws of geoeconomics and the geoeconomic mechanism of national security.
Keywords: management, globalization, analysis, factor, geopolitics, crisis, state, safety, economy, geoeconomics
References:
Strategii natsional'noy bezopasnosti RF do 2020 goda//http://www.scrf.gov.ru/documents/99.html/
Gosudarstvennoe upravlenie v 21 veke: povestka dnya rossiyskoy vlasti:10-ya Mezhdunarodnaya nauchnaya konferentsiya fakul'teta gosudarstvennogo upravleniya MGU im. M.V. Lomonosova, 29-31 maya 2012 g.Materialy v 3 ch.:Chast' 1.-M.: Izdatel'stvo Moskovskogo universiteta, 2013.-736 s.-(materialy konferentsiy).
Kordonskiy S. Klassifikatsiya i ranzhirovanie ugroz// Otechestvennye zapiski, 2013, №2(53)
Sergeev V.M., Kazantsev A.A. Struktury mirovogo poryadka: istoricheskaya tipologiya//Kosmopolis. – 2008. – №1(20).
Bzhezinskiy Z. Velikaya shakhmatnaya doska. Gospodstvo Ameriki i ego geostrategicheskie imperativy. – M.: Mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya, 2003. – 250 s.
Glushchenko V.V. Gosudarstvologiya i pravologiya (nauka o gosudarstve i prave-obshchaya teoriya gosudarstva i prava): krizisologiya gosudarstva, gosudarstvennoe antikrizisnoe upravlenie.-M.: IP Glushchenko Valeriy Vladimirovich, 116 s.
Sap
Reference:
Karlova E.N., Kurbanov A.Kh..
Socio-economic prerequisites for establishment and the consequences of spreading of private military corporations
// National Security. – 2015. – № 4.
– P. 515-521.
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Abstract: This article examines the socio-political and economic circumstances of emergence of private military corporations, linked to the collapse of the bipolar system and growth in the number of local and international conflicts. The authors highlight the advantages, disadvantages, and debatable aspects of the large-scale recruitment of private contractors for military operations. A special attention is given to the analysis of consequences of large-scale recruitment of private military forces for the military profession: loss of monopoly on professional knowledge, autonomy, corporate foundation, and transformation of professional ethics. The article analyzes a wide range of international publications that reflect the foreign experience of recruiting private military corporations for military operations. The authors conclude that despite such attributes of the private contractors as flexibility in usage of specific tools of force for achieving military-political goals, as well as lack of direct public and international criticism for using unpopular military measures, the large recruitment of private business for executing military functions is not always effective. In addition to that, the authors point put the threat to national security should the government functions be turned over to the private sector.
Keywords: national security, professional autonomy, military profession, neoliberalism, armed conflict, outsourcing, private military companies, economic efficiency, military effectiveness, civilian contractors
References:
S. 60–66. Karlova E. N. Osobennosti sotsial'nogo statusa studentov voennykh tsentrov // Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya. 2012. №7. S. 139–140. Konovalov I. P., Valetskiy O. V. Evolyutsiya chastnykh voennykh kompaniy. Pushkino: Tsentr strategicheskoy kon'yunktury. 2013. S. 78. Singer P.W. Can’t Win With ‘Em, Can’t Go to War Without ‘Em // Foreign Policy at Brookings. 2007. September. №4. P.
Heinecken L. Discontent within the Ranks? Officers’ attitudes towards military employment and representation // Armed Forces and Society. 2009. Vol. 35 (3). P. 479–480. Moskos Ch. From Institution to Occupation: Trends in Military Organization // Armed Forces & Society. 1977. Vol. 4. (1). P. 41–50. Krahmann E. Security: Collective Good or Commodity? // European Journal of International Relations. 2008. Vol. 14 (3). P. 379–404
Reference:
Malyutina E.V..
Japan’s policy on providing national security during the second term of Prime Minister Shinzō Abe
// National Security. – 2015. – № 3.
– P. 376-385.
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Abstract: The object of this research is the course of Japan’s foreign policy during the second term of Prime Minister Shinzō Abe (2012-2015). The subject of this research is the strategy for ensuring national security of Japan as a complex of measures on increasing the defense capabilities and security of Japan. A special attention is paid to the role of such program documents as “Main vectors of national defense”, “Medium term program of development of defense potential”, and “Security strategy”. Under the conditions of a highly volatile potential region of Northeast Asia, any changes to the positioning of the forces can result in serious systemic changes. The main conclusion of the research is that based on the results of the measures being undertaken by the Japanese government, there will be new accents made in the security architecture of the Northeastern Asia region.
Keywords: Asia-Pacific region, Northeast Asia, Liberal Democratic Party of Japan, USA, Japan, political science, national security strategy, defence policy
References:
National Defense Program Guidelines for FY 2011 and beyond [Elektronnyy resurs]: ofitsial'nyy sayt ministerstva oborony Yaponii – URL: http://www.mod.go.jp/e/d_act/d_policy/pdf/guidelinesFY2011.pdf (data obrashcheniya: 27.04.2015).
MediumTerm Defense Program (FY2011-FY2015) [Elektronnyy resurs]: ofitsial'nyy sayt Ministerstva Oborony Yaponii-URL: http://www.mod.go.jp/e/d_act/d_policy/pdf/mid_termFY2011-15.pdf (data obrashcheniya: 27.04.2015).
National Defense Program Guidelines for FY 2014 and beyond [Elektronnyy resurs]: ofitsial'nyy sayt ministerstva oborony Yaponii-URL: http://www.mod.go.jp/j/approach/agenda/guideline/2014/pdf/20131217_e2.pdf (data obrashcheniya: 27.04.2015).
MediumTerm Defense Program (FY2014-FY2018) [Elektronnyy resurs]: ofitsial'nyy sayt Ministerstva Oborony Yaponii-URL: http://www.mod.go.jp/j/aproach/agenda/guideline/2014/pdf/Defense_Program.pdf (data obrashcheniya: 27.04.2015).
National Security Strategy [Elektronnyy resurs]: ofitsial'nyy sayt Sekretariata Kabinet mini
Reference:
Shul'ts V.L., Kul'ba V.V., Shelkov A.B., Chernov I.V..
Information management under the conditions of globalization and geopolitical confrontation
// National Security. – 2015. – № 2.
– P. 202-243.
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Abstract: This work is dedicated to the methodological and applied problems of improving the processes of information management under the circumstances of globalization and increase of tensions between the Western countries and Russia, as well as the instability of the global economy. The article presents the results of the analysis of the processes of the Complex Geopolitical Information Confrontation (CGIC) under the conditions of the growing international tensions as a result of the crisis in Ukraine. The authors review the problems associated with organizing an effective countermeasure against foreign and domestic destructive information influences, based on manipulative technologies and aimed at social destabilization of the country. Analysis is conducted on the negative influence of the activities of foreign non-governmental noncommercial organizations with outside financing upon the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation. The conducted scenario analyses demonstrated that the most important tasks at hand are the creation of a unified multilevel system of state management of protection of information sovereignty of the country, as well as provision of an efficient coordination of actions for deflection of the destructive information campaigns.
Keywords: social stability, information potential, countering threats, information management, geopolitical opponent, informational confrontation, globalization, scenario analysis, simulation, symbol graphs
References:
Saltykov V.N. Osobennosti i priemy upravleniya soznaniem grazhdan. / [Elektronnyy resurs].-http://vlsaltykov.narod.ru/00254.htm.
Dotsenko E. L. Psikhologiya manipulyatsii: fenomeny, mekhanizmy i zashchita.-M.: CheRo, Izd-vo MGU, 1997.
Kara-Murza S.G. Manipulyatsiya soznaniem. – M.: Izd-vo «Eksmo», 2006.
Chusova T.O. Riski i protivorechiya globalizatsii. // Materialy mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii «Riski i bezopasnost' v intensivno menyayushchemsya mire». Praga, 2013.-Nauchno-izdatel'skiy tsentr «Sotsiosfera».-http://sociosphera.com/.
Subbotin A. Perspektivy global'nogo rynka // Mirovaya ekonomika i mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya, 2005, № 1.
Luk'yanov F. Edoy po globalizatsii // «Rossiya v global'noy politike», 2014.-http://www.globalaffairs.ru/redcol/Edoi-po-globalizatcii-16882.
Markov S. «Oranzhevaya revolyutsiya» – primer revolyutsii global'nogo soobshchestva. // «Oranzhevaya revolyutsiya». Ukrainskaya versiya. Sbornik. Seriya «Evrovostok» – M.: Evropa, 2005.
Shul'
Reference:
Bobyleva A.Z..
Modern investment and financial capabilities of Russian oil companies
// National Security. – 2015. – № 2.
– P. 244-256.
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Abstract: The subject of this research is the investment priorities of the oil industry of Russia and their financial capabilities to realize the oil projects under the conditions of current system of taxation, drop in the oil prices, fall of the ruble’s value, and sanctions. The need for a tax stimulus is being looked at from the point of view of the main segments of the industry – oil recovery; oil refining; hydrocarbon exploration; geographical changes of extraction; rationality of investments into large, medium and small petroleum businesses; prospects for development via organic and inorganic growth in the industry. In examining the financial sources for increasing the investment activity, the author highlights the possibilities and limitations of using personal and credit resources, direct and indirect participation of the government. The investment potential and risks of the industry are being assessed within the industry as a whole, as well as in the largest Russian companies by comparison with the leading foreign companies. The author concludes that the anti-crisis company programs must be based on the review of their portfolio of projects: reducing the portion of the costly projects of increasing yield for the HTR, while exanding the portion of the less costly projects of improving energy efficiency; systemic management of the operating, investing, and financial expenses of the company, as well as improving productivity. The government in turn must make decisive steps towards switching to the new regime of taxation that would insure a stronger interconnection of the financial result and taxes, and would stimulate development of new oil deposits and deep refining, allowing companies to make new plans for the future.
Keywords: oil industry projects, financing, investment potentials, investment activity, oil companies earnings, oil production taxing, taxes, economics, capital structure, tax benefits
References:
Burenina I.V. Rol' neftyanoy promyshlennosti v energeticheskoy strategii Rossii //Neftegazovoe delo. – 2011.-№ 6. – S.174-187. URL: http://ogbus.ru/authors/Burenina/Burenina_2.pdf
F.Vorob'ev. Bol'shoe budushchee dlya maloy nefti? // Neft' Rossii. URL: http://www.neftrossii.ru/content/bolshoe-budushchee-dlya-maloy-nefti
Konsolidirovannaya finansovaya otchetnost' OAO «Rosneft'», 31 dekabrya 2013 goda
Konsolidirovannaya finansovaya otchetnost' OAO «Lukoyl», 31 dekabrya 2013 goda
Konsolidirovannaya finansovaya otchetnost' OAO «Gazprom Neft'», 31 dekabrya 2013 goda
Konsolidirovannaya finansovaya otchetnost' OAO «Tatneft'», 31 dekabrya 2013 goda
Konsolidirovannaya finansovaya otchetnost' OAO «Bashneft'», 31 dekabrya 2013 goda
Shell Annual Report and Form 20-F 2013
VR Annual Report on Form 20-F 2013
Statoil Annual Report and Form 20-F, 2013
Exxon Mobil 2013 Financial Statements
Minprirody namereno pereraspredelit' finansirovanie nefterazvedki. Internet-resurs: http://ogjru
Reference:
Zelenkov M.Yu..
Danger and threat are the basic categories in the theory of national security
// National Security. – 2015. – № 1.
– P. 32-47.
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Abstract: The subject of this research is the basic categories of the conceptual apparatus of the theory of national security: "danger" and "threat". Effective functionality of the system for ensuring national security of the state is impossible without a clear and unambiguous understanding of the essence and content of the basic categories in the theory of national security. Only unambiguous interpretation and understanding of these categories will allow the security subjects to provide quality planning of events on insurance of national security of the Russian Federation.
The results obtained in the course of the research allow making a number of conclusions. Firstly, despite the lengthy study of the categories, "danger" and "threat" in the theory of national security were never taken to the point of a unified concept. Secondly, the implementation of these categories in the normative legal documents differs in nature and content, and does not fully reflect the essence of the processes that take place within the system of ensuring national security. Thirdly, the system of ensuring national security should be designed with consideration of both, the explicit and implicit (including unknown) hazards and threats, as only in this case we can speak about the possibility of implementing its functions. The author proposes solutions to the above problems.
Keywords: national security strategy, Federal law, Russian Federation, national security, security, threat, danger, categories in the theory of security, system of national security, state
References:
Etimologicheskii slovar'. URL: http://slovari.yandex.ru/~knigi/ (data obrashcheniya: 12.01. 2015 g.).
Etimologicheskii russkoyazychnyi slovar' Fasmera. URL: http://www.slovopedia.com/22/206/ 1638584.html (data obrashcheniya: 12.01. 2015 g.).
Ozhegov S. I., Shvedova N. Tolkovyi slovar' russkogo yazyka. M., 1995.
Tolkovyi slovar' russkogo yazyka Kuznetsova. URL: http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/kuznetsov /32865/opasnost' (data obrashcheniya: 12.01. 2015 g.).
Bezopasnost' Rossii. Pravovye, sotsial'no-ekonomicheskie i nauchno-tekhnicheskie aspekty. Slovar' terminov i opredelenii. M.: MGF «Znanie», 1999.
Upravlenie organizatsiei: Entsiklopedicheskii slovar' / pod red. A.G. Porsheva, A.Ya. Kibanova, V.N. Gunina. M. : Infra-M, 2001.
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Reference:
Gambarov N.F..
On the question of creating
the EU Common Energy Market
based on renewable sources of energy
// National Security. – 2014. – № 6.
– P. 915-921.
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Abstract: This article is dedicated to the history of development in regulation of renewable energy
sources in the EU. In order to utilize the potential of the renewable energy sources it is necessary to
create an additional energy market that would be based on this type of energy and contribute to the
most effective methods of distributing this energy throughout the European Union by producing the
bulk of it in the places that have the highest energy potential; for example producing solar power in
the member-states located in the southern part of the EU. This research allows us to come to a conclusion
on the general trend of EU toward the development of alternative energy and creation of a unified
energy market. Despite the fact that the common energy market will raise many new technical questions,
such as management and distribution of energy, the first task will be to set its foundation, i. e.
the question of normative regulation that the EU will have to implement in order to achieve the goals
of creating a separate market of renewable energy sources.
Keywords: European Union, Green Book, White Book, EU energy strategy, renewable energy, alternative energy, energy policy, energy market, energy potential, European law.
References:
Evropeyskaya Energeticheskaya Strategiya ot 2010g.//http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:520110DC0639:EN:HTML:NOT
Programma ES «Energiya 2020. Strategiya dlya konkurentnoy, sbalansirovannoy i bezopasnoy energii»//http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:520110DC0639: EN:HTML:NOT
Zelenaya kniga-Evropeyskoy strategii bezopasnosti obespecheniya energiey//http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:1996:0576:FIN:EN:PDF
Belaya kniga-Evropeyskoy strategii bezopasnosti obespecheniya energiey//http://iet.jrc.ec.europa.eu/remea/ sites/remea/files/files/documents/599fi_en.pdf
Programma ES «Mobilizatsiya gosudarstvennykh i chastnykh finansovykh sredstv na obespechenie dostupa k klimaticheski bezvrednym, dostupnym i bezopasnym energeticheskim uslugam: Global'naya energeticheskaya effektivnost' i Vozobnovlyaemyy energeticheskiy fond»//http://eur-lex.europa.eu/smartapi/cgi/sga_doc?smartapi!celexplus!prod! DocNumber&type_doc=COMfinal&an_doc=2006&nu_doc=
Reference:
Ivanov, O.S..
Taxation of oil and gas industry in the Russian Federation
and in the BRICS Member States
(based upon the examples of Russia, Brazil and China)
// National Security. – 2013. – № 2.
– P. 277-293.
Read the article
Abstract: Taxation of oil and gas industry in Russia is
key to the well-being of the national budget in the conditions
of instability of the global energy source market.
Therefore improvement of the taxation system for
this sphere is necessary in order to guarantee the national
economic security of Russia. At the same time
there are topical issues of the excessive wear of capital
assets of oil and gas enterprises and lack of scientific
and technical cooperation in this sphere, which could
facilitate the modernization of the oil and gas industry
of Russia and lower the prime cost of the mined national
resources and stimulation of the development of
the tight oil and gas resources. That is why it is reasonable
to evaluate the existing systems of taxation of the
oil and gas industries in the BRICS states (taking as an
example Russia, Brazil and China).
The goal of this study is to evaluate the existing system
of taxation in the BRICS states and to offer the patterns
for the possible improvement of taxation in this
sphere in Russia. The object of the study is the existing
taxation system in oil and gas industries in the BRICS
states. The specific object of this study includes taxes
and benefits, which are provided for the oil and gas
companies, which are involved in mining, processing,
export and import of energy sources.
The result of this study includes analysis of the specific
features of the taxation system in the oil and gas industry
in the BRICS states (taking Russia, Brazil and China as
examples). The author comes to a conclusion that the existing
methods for the withdrawal of the super-profits in
these states are not very efficient, then he offers to overcome
this problem, using the differentiated approach to
taxation of oil and gas companies based on the Rosenergo
method, and he also offers to introduce the stimulation
system for the scientific and technical cooperation
in the oil and gas industry of Russia, which is similar to
the system applied in Brazil.
Keywords: foreign economic activities, the VAT, the BRICS, oil, gas, tax, levies, excises, product sharing agreement.
References:
Albarracín C., Legislation applicable to oil and gas activities in Brazil.
China: An overview of taxation of oil and gas in China-international tax review, №. 1, 2012. S. 12-23.
Davletshin I., Presentation by Renaissance Capital «Russian Oil & Gas Key Themes and Sector Outlook», May 2011.
Antoniadi D.G., Valuyskiy A.A., Garushev A.R., «Sostoyanie dobychi nefti metodami povysheniya nefteizvlecheniya, v obshchem ob'eme mirovoy dobychi» // Neftyanoe khozyaystvo, № 1, 1999. C. 16-23.
Gavrilov V.P., «Kontseptsiya prodleniya «neftyanoy ery» Rossii» // Geologiya nefti i gaza, №. 1, 2005. C. 53-59.
Garushev A.R., «O roli vysokovyazkikh neftey i bitumov, kak istochnike uglevodorodov v budushchem» // Neftyanoe khozyaystvo, №. 3, 2009. C. 65-67.
Godovye otchety 2006-2011 gg.-Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. URL: http://www.investidorpetrobras.com.br/en/financial-results/4q11.htm
Goloskokov A.N., «Podkhody k diversifikatsii nalogooblozheniya v gazovoy otrasli» // Neftegazovoe delo, 2009. C.
Reference:
Semyachkin, A.A..
The modern condition of the Russian-Indian relations
in the sphere of military and technical cooperation.
// National Security. – 2013. – № 1.
– P. 27-33.
Read the article
Abstract: This article is devoted to the evaluation of the current
situation in the sphere of Russian – Indian relations, and
the changes which were introduced into them by the visit
of President V.V. Putin which took place in December
2012. It is noted, that the foreign political relations of Russia and India are developing in two main formats –
as a strategic partnership in support of national interests
in the international arena, and as a regional centralism,
which is aimed on limiting the role of non-regional players,
who wish to become a dominating political force in
the relevant region.
Keywords: political science, national security, politics, international relations, Russia, India, strategic partnership, regional cooperation, interests, values.
References:
Monografiya «Voenno-tekhnicheskoe sotrudnichestvo Rossii s inostrannymi gosudarstvami: osnovy, problemy m perspektivy», pod redaktsiey N.I.Kalininoy, publikatsiya IMEMO RAN, 2010, str. 144-151
Ezhegodnik SIPRI, M.: 2011-12 gg., izdatel'stvo IMEMO RAN.
http://www.ng.ru/world/2012-02-03/8_india.html
Frazier, M. W. China-India relations since Pokhran II: Assessing Sources of Conflict and Cooperation // Access Asia Review. 2000. Vol. 3, N 2.
Shaumyan, T. L. Indiysko-kitayskaya granitsa: perspektivy uregulirovaniya problemy // Aziya i Afrika segodnya. 2001. № 9. S. 27—32.
Shaumyan, T. L. Indiysko-kitayskie otnosheniya kak faktor mezhdunarodnoy stabil'nosti // Indiya v global'noy politike. Vneshnie i vnutrennie aspekty: materialy nauchnogo seminara. M.: Institut vostokovedeniya RAN, 2003. S. 49—65.
Shaumyan T. L. Novoe — eto khorosho zabytoe staroe // Aziya i Afrika segodnya. 1997. № 7. S. 46—49
Reference:
Karpovich, O.G..
Functions of the National Security Council within
the system of formation of the US foreign policy.
// National Security. – 2012. – № 6.
– P. 39-43.
Read the article
Abstract: This article includes theoretical approaches towards
the role and functions of the National Security Council in the formation of the US foreign
policy at the global and regional levels, as well
as the problems of competitions among the political
forces of various directions, specific features
and patterns in the formation of such competition,
as well as their influence on the priorities
in the sphere of the US foreign policy. The author
offers a new approach to the process of decision-
making in the sphere of foreign policy in
the USA, and clarifies the role of two key actors:
the Department of State and the National Security
Council. The article also include evaluation
of the factor of competition between them and its
influence on the contents and directions of the US
foreign policy.
Keywords: political science, national security, foreign policy, international relations, the USA, the National Security Council, the Department of State, the political functions, conflicts, interests.
References:
Fulbrayt Dzh.U. «Samonadeyannost' sily»», izd. «Mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya», M., 1967.
George Tenet. At the Center of the Storm: My Years at the CIA. HarperCollins, 2007.
Zbignev Bzhezinskiy-Posledniy suveren na rasput'e-// Rossiya v global'noy politike № 1, Yan.-Fev. 2006.
Global Trends 2025: A Transformed World-Report of the National Intelligence Council-s 2025 Project ased on Consultations With Nongovernmental Experts Around the World, Government Printing Of-ce (GPO), Pittsburgh, p. 18
Reference:
Shagieva, A.H..
The cycle theory as a factor for the correction of the state anti-crisis policy at various stages of
economic cycles.
// National Security. – 2012. – № 4.
– P. 52-61.
Read the article
Abstract: The article reviews the history and development of the defi nition of the economic cycle, its classifi cation, the basic
characteristics, comprehensiveness, and evidence of ambiguity in the development of economic structures. State mechanisms
of action on cyclical processes of economic system and its subsystems at different stages of the economic cycle is mixed,
some institutions and institutional systems, or “die” or adapt to changing conditions, and basic and the most conservative
part, adapting, does not alter its essential and meaningful part of it. In forming the crisis and adjustment policies of the
state at different stages of economic cycles is necessary to consider the interaction of opposing trends in their focus,
action and effort.
Keywords: business cycles, the anti-crisis policy of the state.
References:
Marks K. Kapital. Kritika politicheskoy ekonomii / K. Marks, F. Engel's. Soch. 2-e izd. T. 23, 24,25.
Tugan-Baranovskiy M.I. Izbrannoe; Periodicheskie promyshlennye krizisy. Istoriya angliyskikh
krizisov. Obshchaya teoriya krizisov / M.I. Tugan-Baranovskiy. RAN In-t ekonomiki. - M.: Nauka,
ROSSPEN, 1997. – 573 s.
Kondrat'ev N.D. Izbrannye sochineniya. – M.: Ekonomika, 1993.- 543 s.
Shumpeter Y. Teoriya ekonomicheskogo razvitiya. – M., 1982.
Samuel'son P. Ekonomika. – M.: Vil'yams, 2008. – 1360 s.
Bogdanov A.A. Vseobshchaya organizatsionnaya nauka (tekhtologiya). - M.- L.Ch. 2., 1925.
Keyns Dzh.M. Obshchaya teoriya zanyatosti, protsenta i deneg. – M.: Gelios ARV, 2002. – 352 s.
Mitchell U. K. Ekonomicheskie tsikly. Problema i ee postanovka.- M., L., 1930.
Gaponova S.N. Vseobshchaya ekonomicheskaya sistema: sushchnost', metodologiya issledovaniya i kharakter
razvitiya. Diss… doktora ekonom. nauk – Voronezh, 2004.
Khansen E. Ekonomicheskie tsikly i natsional'nyy do
Reference:
Shutov, A.D..
The Belavezha Accords and the geopolitical positions of Russia.
// National Security. – 2012. – № 3.
– P. 17-22.
Read the article
Abstract: The article is devoted to the causes and bases for the Belavezha Accords, which have changed the geopolitical map of
Russia and the whole world. Twenty years ago as a result of the Belavezha Accords the USSR was destroyed. Its liquidation
should not be referred to as a disintegration, which is usually related to certain objective causes. The USSR was destroyed
as a result of conscious activities of certain persons. The historical lessons, which the descendants have gotten is that even
a great powerful state such as the USSR may come to the verge of destruction if the power in the state is in the hands of a
comparatively small group of political adventurists, who pose their personal ambitions above the interests of the state and
well-being of its people.
Keywords: political science, the USSR, the USA, the Belavezha Accords, the destruction of the USSR, geopolitics, international relations, national security, confrontation, foreign policy.
References:
Literaturnaya gazeta, 14-20 dekabrya 2011 g.
Fridman Dzh. Sleduyushchie 100 let: prognoz sobytiy XXI veka. M., 2010, s. 162.
Rossiyskaya gazeta, 17 marta 2011 g.
Nikolaev A.N. Chrezvychaynyy i polnomochnyy. Vekhi sud'by. M., REALII, 2002, S. 783.
Klyuchnikov S. Ne sdavay Sibir', Rossiya! // Zavtra, fevral' 2010 g.. №5 (846).
Laktionova N.Ya. Antirusskiy proekt «Ukraina» // Natsional'nye interesy, 2010, №3, S.54.
Demidenko M. Po sledam SS v Tibet. M., 2003, s. 81.
Rossiyskaya gazeta, 17 noyabrya 2011 g.
Fenenko A. Predely perezagruzki//Nezavisimaya gazeta, 7 sentyabrya 2009 g.
Reference:
Ostroukhov, O.V..
Political risk within an aspect of national security (bases for the optimization of political
risk).
// National Security. – 2012. – № 2.
– P. 30-38.
Read the article
Abstract: The article includes an attempt to show the place of political risk within the system of national security of the
state, which is the main goal of this article. From the point of view of studying the political risk, the author defines,
firstly, the key threats (risks) of globalization to the state, secondly, he points out the growing value of optimization
of economic relations between the federal centre and the regions, which in turn, presupposes the formation of
supra-national, and regional subjects of economy, thirdly, the relations among nations and regions within federal formation become more topical in the sphere of stability and territorial integrity of the federation. The article
shows that optimization of risky behavior should combine rational attitude to risks and prevention.
Keywords: political science, risk, politics, security, national, social, personal, state, system.
References:
Akulich M.M. «Konflikt i soglasie». Materialy XIX Vsemirnogo kongressa Mezhdunarodnoy asso-
tsiatsii politicheskoy nauki. Durban, iyun' 2003 g. S. 248-257
Vladimirov V.A., Vorob'ev Yu.L., Salov S.S. i dr. Upravlenie riskom: Risk. Ustoychivoe razvitie.
Sinergetika.- M.: Nauka. 2000. – 431 s.
Zubkov V.I. «Risk kak predmet sotsiologicheskogo analiza». Diss. na soisk. uch. st. d.s.n., M.: 2005.
S.142
Zubok Yu.A. Problema riska v sotsiologii molodezhi. M., 2003
Politicheskaya sotsiologiya / Pod red. V.N.Ivanova, G.Yu.Semigina M., «Mysl'». 2000. S.89
Risk v sotsial'nom prostranstve / Pod red. A.V.Mozgovoy. M.: 2001.
Risk: sotsiologicheskiy analiz, kommunikatsiya, regional'noe upravlenie / Pod. red. A.V.Mozgovoy.
M.: 2004.
Lagadec P. Ruptures creatrices. P., 2000
New risks, new welfare: Singposts for social policy / Ed. By N. Manning, I. Shaw. Oxford, 2000
Proceeding of the United States scale hazards /Ed/ by E. Quarantelli. DRC, 1993
Slovic P. The perception o
Reference:
Shmakov, N.A..
Demographical rates and positions. Rates of the regions of the Russian Federation on the
level of migration (arrival/departure).
// National Security. – 2011. – № 4.
– P. 19-26.
Read the article
Abstract: The article is devoted to the goal of formation of the demographical ratings, the author offers the method of
calculation of such ratings based on ratings of arrival and departure of migrants, and he also provides a brief
analysis of the constituent subjects of the Russian Federation based on these criteria for 1990 – 2009. The author
shows territories and Federal Districts with positive and negative tendencies of migration arrival and departure
of people, as compared to the situation in the Russian Federation in general.
Keywords: economics, rating, regions, demography, position, migration, arrival, departure, birth rate, death rate.
References:
Bystrov O.F. Metodologiya postroeniya i ispol'zovaniya investitsionnykh reytingov v upravlenii
ekonomikoy. – Avtoreferat dissertatsii na soiskanie uchenoy stepeni doktora ekonomicheskikh nauk.
M. Institut ekonomiki RAN, 2008, 52 s.
Ermakov S.P., Kulikova T.V., Shmakov N.A. Demograficheskie reytingi i reytingi zdorov'ya naseleniya
(metodologicheskie aspekty) // Zdorov'e i sotsial'no-demograficheskie protsessy v Rossii: Sbornik
statey / pod redaktsiey d.e.n., professora A.Yu. Shevyakova. – M.: ISEPN RAN, 2010. - s. 157 – 172
Karminskiy A.M., Polozov A.A., Ermakov S.P. Entsiklopediya reytingov: ekonomika, obshchestvo, sport.
– M.: ZAO ID «Ekonomicheskaya gazeta», 2011. – 349 s.
Shmakov N.A. Demograficheskie reytingi polozheniya. Reytingi regionov RF po urovnyu rozhdaemosti.
// Ekonomicheskie nauki. 2011, №5
Shmakov N.A. Demograficheskie reytingi polozheniya. Reytingi regionov RF po urovnyu smertnosti
naseleniya. // Ekonomika, nalogi, pravo. 2011. - №4
Reference:
Churyumova, E.A..
Social and political situation in the Republic of Kalmykia as evaluated by experts.
// National Security. – 2011. – № 3.
– P. 114-121.
Read the article
Abstract: In this article the author based on the social studies analyzes the current social and political situation in the
Republic of Kalmykia. The worries of the people are due to the worsening of the social and economic situation
(unemployment, low level of income of citizens, labor migration, etc.), as well as ineffi ciency of the activities of the
republican government bodies, which should be aimed to solve these problems. These problems led to the loss of
legitimacy and authority of the regional government. This critical situation is so far latent and it is not expressed
as open social protest. Its transformation to critical may have grave and irrevocable circumstances.
Keywords: political science, social and political situation, expert poll, legitimacy of power, destabilization, ineffi ciency, economic problems, labor migration, security, relative deprivation.
References:
Postanovlenie Pravitel'stva Respubliki Kalmykiya «Ob utverzhdenii Svodnogo doklada Respubliki
Kalmykiya o rezul'tatakh monitoringa effektivnosti deyatel'nosti organov mestnogo samoupravleniya
gorodskogo okruga i rayonnykh munitsipal'nykh obrazovaniy Respubliki Kalmykiya za 2009 god»//
Khal'mg Unn (Kalmytskaya pravda): respublikanskaya gazeta. – 2010- 14 sentyabrya. - S.8-12.
Artobolevskiy, S.S. Ob'edinenie regionov Rossiyskoy Federatsii: za i protiv/S.S. Artobolevskiy,
N.V. Zubarevich, A.V. Kynev, E.Sh. Gontmakher, O.I.Vendina//URL:http://uisrussia.msu.ru/docs/nov/insor/
Regions_for_and_againts.pdf
Deev S.Yu. Vliyanie migratsii na etnicheskuyu strukturu naseleniya Kalmykii (2000-2007 gg.)/S.Yu.
Deev//Vestnik Instituta kompleksnykh issledovaniy aridnykh territoriy. - 2009. - №1. – S.128-131.
Katushov, K.P. Mnenie naseleniya Kalmykii o deyatel'nosti federal'nykh i regional'nykh vlastey/K.P.
Katushov, B.M. Munyanova, S.E. Lidzhi-Goryaeva//Vestnik Kalmytskogo instituta sots
Reference:
Sidorov, S.A..
Conceptual bases of national security of Russia: retrospective analysis.
// National Security. – 2010. – № 9.
Read the article
Abstract: The article is devoted to the political analysis of conceptual
bases of national security of Russia in the condition of influence of a global factor, which casts its influence on national and regional security of the state.
Keywords: political science, national interests, strategy survival interests, globalization, priorities, development, imperative, threats
References:
Reference:
Ispravnikova, N.R..
Corruption strategies as a result
of institutional violations in implementation of
the key scenarios of development of Russia.
// National Security. – 2010. – № 7.
Read the article
Abstract: It is true that corruption cannot be limited with the repressive
means only. In order to solve this problem there
have to complex institutional measures. That is why
fi ghting corruption calls for institutional reforms. Corruption
strategies are viewed as a result of institutional
violations in implementing the key scenarios of development
of Russia: “inertia”, “renter”, “mobilization”,
“modernization”.
Keywords: sociology, corruption, strategies, reform, power, business, government, modernization, institutions, violations.
References:
Reference:
Sidorov, S. A..
Modern Tendencies of Geopolitical Processes in Asia-Pacific Region
// National Security. – 2010. – № 3.
Read the article
Abstract: The article is devoted to the political analysis of the situation in Asia-Pacific Region and tendencies of its development under the impact of the global factor influencing the state of the national security in Russia
Keywords: political studies, Asia-Pacific Region, tendencies, national interests, cooperation, geopolitical process, territorial claims, contradictions, strategy, national security
References:
Reference:
Goncharov, V. V..
Influence of International Factors on Retention and Development of Russia’s Federal Status: Historical Experience and a Modern Condition
// National Security. – 2010. – № 1.
Read the article
Abstract: The article is devoted to the influence of international factors on retention and development of Russian statehood. The author evidently proved the need for holding a structural modernization of economy of the Russian Federation and raising living conditions of Russian citizens as an essential condition for insuring state sovereignty and independence of Russia in the 21st century. The author studied international factors preventing from retention and development of a federal status and analyzed possible scenarios of development of the Russian Federation in a middle-term and long-term perspectives. The author also gave a number of recommendations on strengthening the federal status including formation of an ideological basis as well as global political, social and economic changes in the world.
Keywords: studies of law, international factors, historical experience, ideological basis, state sovereignty, advance development, Russian Federation, modernization, perspectives, people
References:
Reference:
Poltorakov, A. Yu..
Modern Frameworks of Civil-Military Relations (Samuel Huntington’s Conception Applied to the Realities of the 21st Century)
// National Security. – 2010. – № 1.
Read the article
Abstract: According to the author, the main principals of civil-military relations include the functional and social principles defined by Samuel Huntington. Based on Huntington, functional imperative is derived from the dangers for social security and the social imperative reflects the social structure, ideology and agencies with a dominating status in a political system. Interaction between these two imperatives interpreting military functions is a theoretical base of experience of civil-military relations. In difficult realities of a ‘security centralized’ world, civil-military relations reach a completely new level, — relations between a civil society and a forceful element of state power. According to the author, a new model of such relations must be supplied with international political and historical and cultural components in the first place.
Keywords: social studies, civil-military, Huntington, control, politics, security, society, state, professionalism, civil
References:
Reference:
Poltarakov, A. Yu..
State Institution as an Actor of International Security: Functional and Thematic Approach
// National Security. – 2009. – № 5.
Read the article
Abstract: In the international context, special attention should be paid at functional and thematic structuring of a 'state hierarchy' within the system of modern international relationships through the prism of their 'political influence' as subjects of international security. According to the system approach, hierarchy of international security structure determines how state institutions behave, by 'suggesting' or openly 'forcing' their role within which these subjects of international security must perform their functions. In other words, the question is the 'functional roles' of state institutions as the key actors of international security. Based on their functional role, a state institution can be 1) 'superpower' or a global leader, 2) 'great power' (global), 3) regional leader, 4) 'average state', 5) 'small state'. Based on their role or a thematic function, a state institution can be a state-partner or a state-outsider. It is also necessary to distinguish the actual status of a state institution (its objective status based on its resource potentials).
Keywords: social studies, security, state institution, role, function, status, international hierarchy, typology, structured thematic approach
References:
Reference:
Musaeva, Ee.Sh..
Eethnic and political conflicts
in the Northern Caucasus: causes and typology.
// National Security. – 2009. – № 2.
Read the article
Abstract: The Northern Caucasus has always had its share of dynamic ethnic and political processes, which is due to geopolitical situation of the region, its complicated ethnic and religious variety, stages of its modern ethnic regional development, relations between the center and the regions. It is also quite important to consider the inclusion of the region into the system of trans-regional ethnic and political relations. The dynamics of these relations influence both regional and Russian political situation. And therefore it needs more attention.
Keywords: sociology, ethnic policy, conflict, Northern Caucasus, Dagestan, typology, ethnic conflict, structure, situation
Keywords:
References:
Reference:
Palchikov, Y.D..
On the issue of national security threats.
// National Security. – 2009. – № 1.
Read the article
Abstract: This article is devoted to one of the key bases of methodology of formulation of the Concept of National security. As the author points out, if one dwells upon the supposition that there are three basic types of threats, then the Concept becomes three-dimensional, which would correspond to the correlation of threats in reality.
Keywords: national security, the Concept of National Security, threats to the national security, classification, methodology
Keywords:
References: