Abstract: The object of the research is interstate relations arising within the framework of ensuring the human right to a fair trial. The subject of the research is universal and regional international legal acts in the field of human rights protection, as well as domestic acts. Using the example of national constitutions and criminal procedure codes (acts), the features of the implementation of the right to a fair trial in the internal acts of individual States are considered. Within the framework of a comparative legal analysis of the provisions of international and domestic acts, it is revealed to what extent individual countries implement the provisions of international treaties to which they are parties to consolidate the right to a fair trial. The main conclusion of the research is to determine the options for securing the right to a fair trial in the internal acts of States (by establishing its constituent elements; indirectly; in a general manner, without subject fixation). The influence of international legal norms on domestic acts in terms of unification of national legal regulation in the issue of securing the right to a fair trial is determined. The novelty of the research lies in the substantive analysis of the implementation of the provisions of international treaties in terms of the right to a fair trial by individual States within the framework of constitutions and criminal procedure codes (acts).

Keywords: domestic acts, international legal acts, ratio, implementation, criminal proceedings, fair trial, protection of human rights, human rights, constitutions, criminal procedure codes

References:
The Act of the Commonwealth of Dominica on Criminal Law and Procedure, 1873 // Official website of the Government of the Commonwealth of Dominica. URL: https://dominica.gov.dm/laws/chapters/chap12-01.pdf (accessed: 02/15/2023).
Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 1950 // Official website of the European Court of Human Rights. URL: https://www.echr.coe.int/Documents/Convention_RUS.pdf (accessed: 02/15/2023).
Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Uganda, 1950 // Official website of the Parliament of the Republic of Uganda. URL: https://www.parliament.go.ug/cmis/query/SELECT%2B%252A%2BFROM%2Bcmis%253Adocument%2Bwhere%2BCONTAINS%2B%2528%2527cmis%253Aname%253A%255C%2527Criminal%2BProcedure%2BCode%2BAct%255C%2527%2527%2529%2BORDER%2BBY%2Bcmis%253AcreationDate%2BDESC (accessed: 02/15/2023).
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966 // Official website of the United Nations. URL: https://www.un.org/ru/documents/decl_conv/conventions/pactpol.shtml (

Abstract: The article is a continuation of the presentation of the results of the study of the current state and consideration in retrospect of the existing cases of exclusion of UNESCO World Heritage sites from the World Heritage List. Focusing on the general problems of conservation of World Heritage sites, the authors extrapolate the findings to the situation in the field of conservation of the World Natural Heritage site Lake Baikal in order to develop proposals to improve the situation in the field of ensuring its protection. In particular, the problem of insufficient certainty and clarity in establishing the boundaries of World Heritage sites is noted, in order to solve which a proposal is made to consolidate the regime of World Natural heritage sites in the law "On Specially Protected Natural Territories", with the mandatory formation of a unified administration and approval of the boundaries of such a protected area by an act of the Russian Government, taking into account the requirements of the World Heritage Convention and Guidelines for the application of the Convention when they change. The problem of preserving the appearance of cultural heritage is also considered, since the issue of aesthetic perception of the lake and its immediate surroundings is considered important from the point of view of fulfilling obligations under the Convention on the Protection of World Heritage (taking into account the fact that Baikal is recognized as a World Heritage by all four criteria for assessing outstanding universal value). The lack of representation of protection of natural beauty at the national level is noted, since the current legislation does not contain tools for the protection of Baikal landscapes.
Based on the results of the analysis of the world practice of excluding World Heritage sites from the List, the authors conclude that the extrapolation of the main reasons for such exclusionof Lake Baikal as a World Natural Heritage site necessitates the state to develop and make appropriate adjustments to the legislation on the protection of Lake Baikal and to the practice of its application, regardless of the relevant UNESCO events.

Keywords: legal protection, object mode, exclusion of objects, object boundaries, natural heritage, cultural heritage, world heritage site, Lake Baikal, World Heritage List, UNESCO World Heritage Site

References:
Dresden Elbe Valley (Germany). URL: https://whc.unesco.org/document/151902 (дата обращения: 10.05.2022).
WHC-06/30.COM/7B.-URL: https://whc.unesco.org/archive/2006/whc06-30com-7bE.pdf (дата обращения: 10.05.2022).
Gaillard B., Conflictive delisting process of a World Heritage Site in Germany: the case of the Dresden Elbe Valley (Ph. D thesis). ¬¬¬URL: https://d-nb.info/1115005103/34 (дата обращения: 11.05.2022).
Decision 31 COM 7A.27. URL: https://whc.unesco.org/en/decisions/1228 (дата обращения: 10.05.2022).
Liverpool (United Kingdom) No 1150. URL: https://whc.unesco.org/document/151886 (дата обращения: 10.05.2022).
Decision 28 COM 14B.49. Nominations of Cultural Properties to the World Heritage List (Liverpool-Maritime Mercantile City). URL: https://whc.unesco.org/en/decisions/132 (дата обращения: 10.05.2022).
Decision 30 COM 7B.93. State of Conservation (Liverpool-Maritime Mercantile City). URL: https://whc.unesco.org/en/decisions/1180 (дата обращения: 10.05.2022).
Report of t

Abstract: The relevance of the study is due to the need to actively combat piracy at sea. The purpose of the scientific article is to analyze the international legal regulation of countering maritime piracy.
The article examines the historical prerequisites for the formation of international legal acts, examines current international legal acts related to the issue of regulation of countering maritime piracy. The author also analyzes regional agreements that coordinate the actions of states in the field of countering maritime piracy. The object of the study is interstate relations in the field of international legal regulation of countering maritime piracy. The subject of the study is international legal acts of a universal and regional nature aimed at countering maritime piracy.
The methodological foundations of the research include such general scientific methods of cognition as abstraction, analysis, generalization, as well as private scientific research methods, including: formal legal, comparative legal, historical legal, as well as the method of interpretation of legal norms.
The normative and legal basis of the study is international legal acts adopted under the auspices of the UN and IMO, including resolutions of the UN General Assembly, as well as the IMO Assembly related to countering maritime piracy. The novelty of the research lies in the conclusions made by the author in the work. As a result of the conducted research, the author argues for the need to adopt a specialized international legal act. This document should reflect a unified approach in understanding the term "piracy", while regulating in detail the mechanisms that can be used by the State to combat it, as well as to a greater extent coordinate the actions of States.
The article also notes the need to form regional judicial bodies, determine the order of their formation and activities by analyzing the regional level of countering piracy. The powers of these judicial bodies will include the consideration and resolution of cases related to maritime piracy.

Keywords: regional level, universal level, international agreement, convention, safety of navigation, countering piracy, pirate ship, maritime navigation, maritime law, piracy

References:
Jiang, M., Lu J. (2020). The analysis of maritime piracy occurred in Southeast Asia by using Bayesian network. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 139. doi:org/10.1016/j.tre.2020.101965
Shepard, J.U., Partson L.F. (2020). Maritime piracy in the Strait of Hormuz and implication of energy export security. Energy Policy, 140. doi:org/10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111379
Phayal, A., Gold, A., Prins, B. (2022). Interstate hostility and maritime crime: Evidence from South East Asia. Marine Policy, 143. doi:org/10.1016/j.marpol.2022.105134
Gilmer, B.V. Dewey, S.C. (2022). Captive calculations and benevolent abandonment: Ransom piracy and the carceral occupation of hostage ships along the coast of Somalia. Political Geography, 95. doi:org/10.1016/j.polgeo.2021.102586
Hastings, J.V. (2020). The Return of Sophisticated Maritime Piracy to Southeast Asia. Pacific Affairs, 93 (1), 5-30. doi:10.5509/20209315
Peters, B.C. (2020). Nigerian piracy: Articulating business models using

Abstract: The article refers to the prominent role of the International Criminal Court as an organ of international justice. The author emphasizes the defining role of the Statute of the International Criminal Court as a document in which the legal foundations of activity are formulated and the basic procedural rules that guide the Court in its practice are developed. The importance of the Regulations in the implementation of procedural actions, which are reduced to a detailed and in-depth proof of certain facts submitted to the court, is shown. The methodological basis of the study is a normative, comprehensive, systematic approach to the analysis of the rule of law established by the constituent documents of the International Criminal Court. It is indicated that the constituent documents of the international judicial institution provide, among other things, detailed regulation of the presentation and evaluation of evidence. The author pays special attention to the fact that the provision and evaluation of evidence in the International Criminal Court should be organized in such a way as to provide an opportunity to render a judicial verdict impartially and taking into account all information on the legal grounds under consideration. The article examines certain procedural norms of the Rome Statute and the Rules of the International Criminal Court. The significant role of the Rules of Procedure and Evidence, which are a key tool for the application of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, is shown.

Keywords: criminal charges, international judicial institutions, international process, international judicial proceedings, evaluation of evidence, obtaining evidence, rules of proof, The Rome Statute, International Criminal Court, international procedural law

References:
Kirsch P. The Preparatory Commission Today // Establishment of the International Criminal Court. Seminar held in Helsinki. 2000. 23 February. – R. 12.
Spencer J.R. Introduction. M. Delmas-Marty and J.R. Spencer (eds). European Criminal Procedures. – Cambridge, 2012.-P. 5.
Cassese A. et al (eds). The Rome Statue and of the International Criminal Court: A Commentary. 2002. Vol. II . – P 1111, at p. 1113.
Guariglia F. Investigation and Prosecution, in LEE, R.S. (Ed.), The International Criminal Court – The making of the Rome Statute, The Hague, Kluwer Law International, 1999. – P. 236.
Caianiello M., Illuminati G . From the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia to the International Criminal Court // North Carolina Journal of international Law & Commercial Regulation . 2001. Vol. 26. – P. 407–455.
Damaska A. The uncertain Fate of Evidentiary Transplants: Anglo-American and contemporary experiments // American Journal of Comparative Law. 1997. Vol. 45. – R. 8

Abstract: The object of research of this article is interstate relations in the field of legal regulation of the use of marine genetic resources. The author presents a detailed analysis of the concept of "marine genetic resources", draws a distinction with other similar concepts used in international legal acts. The current international legal acts in this area are considered in detail, as well as the draft of an International legally binding Document on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity in areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction. A number of problems related to the international legal regulation of the use of marine genetic resources are identified. Comparative legal analysis, formal legal, formal logical and system methods, methods of analysis and generalization were used as the main methodology of the study.
The novelty of this study lies in the fact that at the moment there is no universal international legal act that would regulate the use of marine genetic resources. It is also necessary to note a small number of scientific papers, mainly by foreign authors, devoted to this topic. At the same time, such resources have found wide application in various branches of science and production. Taking into account the above, it seems relevant to conduct additional scientific research aimed at studying the international legal regime of marine genetic resources. As a result of the presented research, the analysis of the concepts of "marine genetic resources", "genetic material", "marine biological resources", "living marine resources" was carried out. A number of problems in the international legal regulation of this sphere have been identified. So, in particular, the extension of the principle of the common heritage of mankind to marine genetic resources, if it is impossible to extend this principle to the open sea, may further generate legal conflicts. The author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to further study the international legal regime of marine genetic resources.

Keywords: UN, aquaculture, the common heritage of mankind, biopiracy, biotechnologies, marine technologies, marine genetic material, marine genetic resources, marine biological resources, marine scientific research

References:
Anisimov I.O., Gulyaeva E.E. Promoting the Development and Transfer of Marine Technologies as a Mechanism for Implementing the Sustainable Development Goals: International Legal Aspect / Revista Opinio Juridica. 2021. Pp. 184-201. // URL: https://periodicos.unichristus.edu.br/opiniaojuridica/article/view/3860 (дата обращения: 21.02.2022).
Anisimov I.O. Some International Legal Issues in the Development and Transfer of Marine Technologies. Moscow Journal of International Law. 2021; (4):136-147. (In Russ.) // URL: https://doi.org/10.24833/0869-0049-2021-4-136-147 (дата обращения: 21.02.2022).
Muriel Rabone, Harriet Harden-Davies, Jane Eva Collins and others. Access to Marine Genetic Resources (MGR): Raising Awareness of Best-Practice Through a New Agreement for Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) // Front. Mar. Sci., 12 September 2019. // URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00520 (дата обращения: 21.02.2022).
Walloe Tvedt M. Marine Genetic Resources: a Practical Legal Approach to St

Abstract: The subject of this research is the prospects for the development of international legal regulation of public-private partnership. The question is raised on the diminishing role of the state in regulation of international and transboundary relations in the sphere of public-private partnership. The author indicates a quite noticeable replacement of traditional regulatory processes, the key role in which is played by the states, with informal processes of international rule-making, in which the lead is taken by non-state actors. It is substantiated that the absence of international convention on public-private partnership negatively affects the regulation of relations in the sphere of public-private partnership. Leaning on the domestic and foreign scientific literature, the author outlines the vector of development of international law in the sphere of public-private partnership, as well as substantiates the need for adopting the international framework convention on public-private partnership. Analysis is conducted on the special forms of interaction between international law and national law in the sphere of public-private partnership, as well as on correlation between international law and non-legal regulators of public-private partnership. The article describes the key aspects of the content of the international framework convention on public-private partnership. The novelty of consists in establishment of the vector of development of international legal regulation of public-private partnership. Based on the “clash” of private law and public law approaches towards regulation of international investment relations, the author substantiates the comprehensive approach towards regulation of public-private partnership.

Keywords: international economic law, international investment law, framework approach, multilateral approach, international convention, cross-border relations, public-private partnership, clash of paradigms, states, international organizations

References:
Mills A. Connecting Public and Private International Law / V.R. Abou-Nigm, McCall-Smith K., French D. Linkages and Boundaries in Private and Public International Law – Oxford: Hart Publishing, 2018. – rr. 1-16.
Franck S. The Legitimacy Crisis in Investment Treaty Arbitration: Privatizing Public International Law through Inconsistent Decisions // Fordham Law Review. – 2005. – Volume 73. – rr. 1521-1625 – P. 1521;
Burke-White W., Slaughter A. The Future of International Law is Domestic (or, The European Way of Law) // Harvard International Law Journal. – 2006. – Volume 47. – Number 2. – pp. 326-352. – R. 337.
Bodansky D. The Framework Convention / Protocol Approach [Electronic resource] // Technical Briefing Series WHO/NCD/TFI/99.1. Paper 1 (1999) – World Health Organization – [Site]. – URL: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/65355/WHO_NCD_TFI_99.1.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y (accessed: 11.03.2021).
Blum G. Bilateralism, Multilateralism, and the Architecture of International Law

Abstract: We are witnessing a formation of the new institution of recognition, which can be referred to as the “official recognition of facts”. Such seemingly different political themes as annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, the “Skripal Case”, or the status of the Golan Heights have an important common parameter – each of them has become an object of recognition by at least one country. Examination of the causal links that conduce certain countries to issuing the acts of recognition of long-past events or territorial changes are of considerable scientific and practical interest. Recognition of facts by the state is of paramount importance, as it[WU1]  is documented and reflects stance on a specific event, fact, or occurrence. Recognition ensures legitimacy for further actions of the state and initiates a chain of related political and legal events, including sanctions. Over the recent years, recognition of facts by the countries has become more frequent, and virtually becomes a means of political manipulation. Classification of the facts and events that have most often been the subject of recognition allows determining the common trends in the procedure of recognition, as well as the factors that prompt the country to resort to such step. Thus, at times strange and illogical actions of the state associated with the official recognition or non-recognition of the fact acquire a specific political and legal meaning, and allow analyzing the new strategic vectors in intergovernmental relations.

Keywords: elections, Golan Heights, Crimea, international law, sanctions, genocide, interference, states, recognition, terrorist organisations

References:
Weller M. An International Use of Force in Salisbury?//EJIL:Talk! 14 March 2018. URL: https://www.ejiltalk.org/an-international-use-of-force-in-salisbury/ (data obrashcheniya 15.09.2020)
The EU non-recognition policy for Crimea and Sevastopol: Fact Sheet. Bruxelles, 12 March 2020. Available at: < https://eeas.europa.eu/headquarters/headquarters-Homepage/37464/eu-non-recognition-policy-crimea-and-sevastopol-fact-sheet_en > (data obrashcheniya 15.09.2020)
The OSCE Parliamentary Assembly. Resolution on divided Europe reunited: promoting human rights and civil liberties in the OSCE region in the 21st century. The 18th annual session. 3 July 2009.
The Guardian. 49% of voters believe Kremlin interfered in Brexit referendum. 26 July.2020. Available at: < https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jul/26/49-of-voters-believe-kremlin-interfered-in-brexit-referendum-russia-report> (data obrashcheniya 15.09.2020)
The Guardian. Pompeo flounders on why annexation is good for the Golan but not for Crimea. 11 April 2019. Avail

Abstract: This article analyzes the investment legislation of the Russian Federation and the United States. The subject of this research is the specific normative legal acts regulating direct foreign investments in the indicated countries, while the object is the relations emerging in the process of foreign investment activity.  The author provides the examples of various factors in the area of foreign investment for the purpose of their comparison and determination of specificity of their practical implementation. The reference to doctrinal sources allowed to clearer explain the author’s position of the topic. The scientific novelty and relevance of this work are substantiated by examination of investment activity, which greatly impacts the economy of modern countries. The author’s special contribution lies in studying the experience of U. S. legislation with regards to direct foreign investments. The main conclusion consists in the fact that both jurisdictions have a well-developed mechanism for regulating investment relations, as well as both countries feature a number of restrictions that can face a foreign investor. The need for improvement of Russian legislation is underlined. The acquired results can be used in legislative and expert activity, as well as in further theoretical-legal research.

Keywords: national regulation, investment law, US law, Russian law, investment activity, foreign investor, foreign investment, foreign direct investment, investment, legal regulation of investment

References:
URL: https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=6754f7ee-0a6a-4354-80df-045313cf4151 (data obrashcheniya: 17.06.2020).
Akchurin T.F., Suzdal'tsev E.S. Osobennosti regulirovaniya inostrannykh investitsiy v SShA // Mezhdunarodnyy pravovoy kur'er: elektronnoe setevoe izdanie. — URL: http://inter-legal.ru/ osobennosti-pravovogo-regulirovaniya-inostrannyh-investitsij-v-ssha (data obrashcheniya: 17.06.2020).
URL: https://www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/Research/RAND_Chinese%20Investment%20in%20US%20Aviation_FINAL.pdf (data obrashcheniya: 17.06.2020)
YuNKTAD, Doklad o mirovykh investitsiyakh 2019: osobye ekonomicheskie zony. Osnovnye tendentsii i obshchiy obzor. — URL: https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/wir2019_overview_ru.pdf (data obrashcheniya: 17.06.2020).
Greidinger M. The Exon-Florio Amendment: A Solution in Search of a Problem American. Universiry International Law Review, Vol 6, Issue 2, 1991. P. 120.
Seitzinger Michael. Foreign Investment in the United States: Major Federal Statutory Restrictions. P. 10. — URL: h

Abstract: This article analyses the multistakeholder model in the Internet governance, as well as its definition on the international level and within the doctrine. The goal consists in determining the importance and the role of participation of multiple stakeholders in the context of Internet governance, and its correlation to the interstate approach in international law. The multistakeholder model is predominantly examined as participation of the subjects of international law and private entities in Internet governance. The subject of the research is the provisions of the outcome documents of the World Summit on the Information Society, resolutions of the UN General Assembly and other bodies of the UN system, provisions of acts of other international organizations that are dedicated to development of public policy in the area of Internet governance, as well as doctrinal sources covering history of the question. The scientific novelty lies in determination of correlation of the participation of interested parties in Internet governance. It is noted that in the practice of Internet governance there are two clear approaches for implementation of this model: ran by states and international organizations, or one that is ran by private entities. The international legal acts reflect the former approach towards implementation of this model. In accordance with this approach, Internet governance activities consist in consultation of state with private entities, allowing private entities as observers, or creation of public-private partnerships aimed at solution of global issues. The leading role of the private sector is promoted by the United States and several other Western nations as an alternative to interstate multilateral approach, which contradicts the international legal acts, since the leading role in ICANN is delegated to private entities, rather than states.

Keywords: international intergovernmental organizations, multistakeholders, public-private partnership, Internet Governance models, soft law, address space, Internet Governance, information society, inter-State cooperation, cybersecurity

References:
Taubman A. International Governance and the Internet / L. Edwards, C. Waelde // Law and the Internet. Oxford: Hart Publishing, 2009. – P. 3-44.
Zingales N., Radu R. In search of the holy grail: a principled approach to multistakeholder governance in internet policy-making / C. Prins, C. Cuijpers, P. L. Lindseth, M. Rosina // Digital Democracy in a globalized world. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2017. – P. 53-76. DOI: 10.4337/9781785363962
Shcherbovich A. A. Multistakeholder approach and human rights in Internet Governance // Business Informatics. ‒ 2017. ‒ Vol. 39, № 1. ‒ P. 7-13. DOI: 10.17323/1998-0663.2017.1.7.13.
Raboy M. The World Summit on the Information and Its for Global Governance // International Communication Gazette. ‒ 2004. ‒ Vol. 66, № 3-4. ‒ P. 225-232.
Maclean D. Brief History of WGIG / W. J. Drake // Reforming Internet Governance: Perspectives from the Working Group on Internet Governance United Nations ICT Task Force, 2005. – pp. 275.
Mueller M.

Abstract: The subject of this research is the norms of international legal acts, legislations of the EU member-states, decisions of foreign national courts, as well as decisions of the European Court on Human Rights and European Court of Justice. A hypothesis is advanced that within the framework of the European arrest warrant there are new trends associated namely with the desire to strengthen the system of protection of rights of the extradited individuals, which can negatively affect functionality of the procedure as a whole. Thus, a number of cases of the national courts (for example Artur Celmer case) and Court of the European Union (Pál Aranyosi and Robert Căldăraru case), as well as provisions of the constitutional courts lead to the fact that the principle of mutual recognition of court decision is used with caution. The article examines the case law of national courts of the EU member-states, as well as practice of the European Court of Justice and European arrest warrant. The author compared the decisions of the aforementioned courts for confirming the hypothesis that the protection of extradited individuals plays a significant role in the context of operation of the European arrest warrant. The intention to provide legal guarantees to individuals extradited in the context of the European arrest warrant, which loses its main influence; particularly the procedure is interrupted due to absence of guarantees of protection of rights in case of extradition, as well as raises doubt towards judicial systems and their decisions of some EU member-states brought forth by political actions of these countries. Moreover, protection of rights and guarantee of fair trial increases.

Keywords: Germany, Extradition, Brexit, Court of Justice, Mutual Trust, Human Rights, European Arrest Warrant, United Kingdom, The European Union, Fair Trial

References:
European countries say they will refuse UK extradition requests now Brexit has happened, the Business Insider. 2020. [Electronic resource]. URL: https://www.businessinsider.com/eu-countries-have-stopped-extraditing-criminals-to-uk-after-brexit-2020-1. (date of application: 28.02.2020)
A. Ispolinov. Sud ES vershit sud'by Evropy. ESPCh i konstitutsionnye sudy nervno kuryat v storonke. 2014. [Elektronnyy resurs] – Rezhim dostupa: URL: https://zakon.ru/blog/2014/8/21/sud_es_vershit_sudby_evropy_espch_i_konstitucionnye_sudy_nervno_kuryat_v_storonke (data obrashcheniya 23.08.2018).
Stefano Melloni v Ministerio Fiscal, C-399/11, Judgement, 2013. [Electronic resource]. URL: http://curia.europa.eu/juris/documents.jsf?num=C-399/11#. (date of application: 28.02.2020).
Pál Aranyosi and Robert Căldăraru v Generalstaatsanwaltschaft Bremen. 2016. Electronic resource]. URL: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:62015CJ0404. (date of application: 28.02.2020).
Mutual Trust, European Consti

Abstract: This article is dedicated to the problem of protection of environmental rights within the practice of the European Court of Human Rights in accordance with the Article 8 of the Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, ensuring the right to respect of private and family life. The author reviews the practice of protection of environmental rights not only with regards to pollution, but also other types of negative impact upon the environment, including potential risks. The research analyzes the criteria of protection of environmental rights and conditions for permissibility of government’s interference within the framework of implementation of the Article 8 of the Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. The author examines the practice of the European Court of Human Rights in the area of application of the Article 8 of the Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms in relation to ensuring environmental rights. The author acknowledges the possibility of its application in terms of immediate impact upon private life, family of an individual who reached a certain minimal level. The conclusions are made on permissibility of restricting environmental rights with presence of relevant legislation, legitimate purpose, necessity in a democratic society, as well as government’s positive obligations with regards to taking appropriate measures towards their factual implementation.

Keywords: protection of environmental rights, environmental rights, protection, respect, family life, private life, human rights, protection criteria, arbitrary interference, positive obligation

References:
Konventsiya o zashchite prav cheloveka i osnovnykh svobod ot 4 noyabrya 1950 g.: ratifitsirovana Federal'nym zakonom ot 30 marta 1998 g. № 54-FZ : s posl. izm. i dop. [Elektronnyy resurs]. – Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoy sistemy «Konsul'tantPlyus».
Pauell (Powell) i Reyner (Rayner) protiv Soedinennogo Korolevstva: Postanovlenie Evropeyskogo suda po pravam cheloveka ot 21 fevralya 1990 g. [Elektronnyy resurs]. – Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoy sistemy «Konsul'tantPlyus».
Kirtatos (Kyrtatos) protiv Gretsii: Postanovlenie Evropeyskogo suda po pravam cheloveka ot 22 maya 2003 g. [Elektronnyy resurs]. – Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoy sistemy «Konsul'tantPlyus».
Khatton (Hatton) i drugie protiv Soedinennogo Korolevstva: Postanovlenie Evropeyskogo suda po pravam cheloveka ot 8 iyulya 2003 g. [Elektronnyy resurs]. – Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoy sistemy «Konsul'tantPlyus».
Fadeeva (Fadeyeva) protiv Rossiyskoy Federatsii: Postanovlenie Evropeyskogo suda po pravam cheloveka ot 9 iyunya 2005 g. [Elektronnyy resurs]. – Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoy sistem

Abstract: The subject of this article is the state sovereignty in the conditions of crisis of the modern system of international relations. The object is the social relations emerging as a result of realization of their sovereignty the states. Special attention is given to the historical-legal analysis of establishment of the term “state sovereignty” (from the works of Jean Bodin to the works modern Russian and foreign scholars), as well as the questions of the restriction of sovereignty, illustrated on the particular examples from international practice. The scientific novelty lies in the analysis of the current state and application of the concept of state sovereignty in the international law. The analysis of the questions pertinent to the restriction of sovereignty is conducted on the recent examples in the international practice (particularly Donetsk People's Republic and Lugansk People's Republic). An attempt is made to trace the evolution of representations on state sovereignty, as well as analyze the various theoretical-legal approaches towards the attributes of sovereignty. The conclusion is made that the observed erosion of the concept of state sovereignty can lead to destruction of the modern system of international relations and dilution of the concept of state. Globalization becomes one of the drivers of this process; within its framework, the sovereign state becomes “excessive”, substantiating the rapid return to the state “prior to Westphalia”.

Keywords: national sovereignty, limitation of sovereignty, internal sovereignty, external sovereignty, state sovereignty, statehood, sovereignty, popular sovereignty, UN, Westphalian system

References:
Attali Zh. Mirovoy ekonomicheskiy krizis… chto dal'she? M., 2009. S. 152-154.
Philipp Jessup. A Modern Law of Nations. New York, 1948. P. 41.
Sidorov V. P., Barikhnovskaya M. S. K voprosu o gosudarstvennom suverenitete. //Vestnik Pskovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. №5, 2017. S. 173.
Krasinskiy V.V. Teorii «ogranichennogo suvereniteta» i «mirovogo pravitel'stva» v amerikanskoy politicheskoy doktrine // Politicheskiy zhurnal. 2008. № 6-7. S. 56–59.
Moyseenko M.G. Soyuznyy dogovor: teoriya, praktika, protivorechie // V kn.: Konstitutsionnaya reforma: poiski i resheniya, 1991. C. 143-144.
Antologiya mirovoy filosofii. M., 1970, t. 2, s. 145.
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Avdeenkova, M.P. Konstitutsionnoe pravo Rossiyskoy Federatsii: Kurs lektsiy. / M.P. Avdeenkova,

Abstract: The subject of this article is the principle of uti possidetis, which stems from the Roman civil law and later transformed into the principle of international law. Special attention is given to the analysis of international legal assessment of the grounds for implementation of the aforementioned principle towards disintegration process of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). The article provides a legal analysis of the crucial aspects of Soviet legislation, as well as multilateral treaties adopted by the former Soviet republics within the framework of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). The main conclusion of this work lies in the statement that upon disintegration of the Soviet Union, the international legal principle of uti possidetis has been applied for determining the borders of the former Soviet republics, which allowed transforming the previous administrative boundaries into the international borders of the newly formed independent states.

Keywords: international boundaries, CIS, disintegration of states, USSR, principles of international law, self-determination of nations, uti possidetis, territorial disputes, inviolability of boundaries, state practice

References:
Alma-Atinskaya Deklaratsiya. 21 dekabrya 1991 goda. Arkhiv Ispolnitel'nogo Soveta SNG. URL: http://www.cis.minsk.by/page.php?id=178; Alma-Ata Declaration // International Law Materials №31. 1992. P. 148.
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Abstract: This article provides brief information on discussion of the modern issued of the criminal and medical law in Poland, taking into account the experience of other stated in regulation of responsibility of the physicians, trends of implementation of the norms of international, European, and foreign legislation into the Polish national legislation. The work covers the assessment of lawmaking decisions in the field of human rights, primarily protection of women’s right who undergone domestic or other type of violence, or faced the rejection in providing the medical aid and services. The author presents the data on peculiarities and achievements in the medical and criminal laws of Germany, United States, Switzerland, France, and other states, which could be used for the purpose of improving the Polish legislation in order for it to meet the European and international standards, as well as for combatting corruption and other negative phenomena. The article also highlights the position of Polish juridical science and practice with regards to human trafficking or hate crimes. Characteristic is given to the attitude of the Polish medical legal experts and human rights advocates towards the decision of the Constitutional Tribunal of Poland pertaining to the conscience clause, lawmaking initiatives, and separate legislative acts, which were submitted for consideration of the Sejm.

Keywords: Legal education, Law, Euthanasia, Medicine, Conscience clause, Crime, Right, Patient, Physician, Abortion

References:
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