Abstract: nowadays the field of application of virtual worlds in education grows steadily. Training systems, simulators, role and serious games are the most successful solutions for education in virtual environments. An important part of the above mentioned approaches to education is usage of pedagogical agents (bots), participating in the learning process and helping students to complete educational assignment. The vAcademia virtual world supports implementations of active learning forms through vJS programming language, however bots programming and using was so far unavailable. The article reviews system of bot managing, which allows each user of vAcademia to place and to configure bots, as well as to set their behavior via extended vJS language. Programming of bots’ behavior is based on the objectoriented approach, auto synchronized functions, specifying sequences of asynchronous actions and organization of bot-user interaction through voiced dialogs with pre-defined multiple-choice answers. The interaction with preprogrammed bots can be saved in the form of 3D-record for further viewing, which is highly important in sphere of education.

Keywords: virtual worlds, virtual environments, learning tools, virtuality, bots, programming languages, scripts, built-in programming languages, synchronization, avatars

Contact information: Smorkalov Andrei Yur’evich, 424000, Russia, Yoshkar-Ola, pl. Lenina, 3

References:
1. Morozov M., Tanakov A., Gerasimov A., Bystrov D., Cvirco V. “Virtual Chemistry Laboratory for School Education.”
The 4th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT). 30 August-1 September 2004,
Joensuu, Finland. IEEE Computer Society 2004, ISBN 0-7695-2181-9, pp.605-608.
2. Morozov M.N., Gerasimov A.V., Kurdyumova M.N. Sovmestnaya obrazovatel'naya deyatel'nost' shkol'nikov na
osnove komp'yuternykh setey // Shkol'nye tekhnologii. 2009. ¹4. S. 78-88.
3. Michael Rymaszewski, Wagner James Au, Mark Wallace, Catherine Winters, Cory Ondrejka, Benjamin Batstone-
Cunningham, Philip Rosedale: “Second Life: The Official Guide” December 2006, ISBN: 978-0-470-09608-6
4. Ken Perlin, Athomas Goldberg: :Improv: a system for scripting interactive actors in virtual worlds: // SIGGRAPH ‘96
Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques — 1996.
— pp. 205-216.
5. Mikhail Morozov, Alexey Gerasimov, Mikhail Fominykh, and Andrey Smorkalov: “Asynchronous Immersive Classes
in a 3D Virtual World: Extended Description of vAcademia,” in Marina Gavrilova, Chih Jeng Kenneth Tan and Arjan
Kuijper Eds., Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS) – Transactions on Computational Science (TCS), Volume
7848, Issue XVI, 2013, Springer, Series ISSN: 0302-9743, ISBN: 978-3-642-38802-6, Extended version of CW 2012.
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-38803-3_5
6. Smorkalov A.Yu.. Dizayn i arkhitektura sredy vypolneniya yazyka programmirovaniya virtual'noy
real'nosti // Programmnye sistemy i vychislitel'nye metody.-2014.-¹ 1.-S. 104-107. DOI: 10.7256/2305-
6061.2014.1.11328
7. Mikhail Morozov, Alexey Gerasimov, and Mikhail Fominykh: “vAcademia-Educational Virtual World with 3D Recording,”
in Arjan Kuijper and Alexei Sourin ed. the 12th International Conference on Cyberworlds (CW), Darmstadt,
Germany, September 25-27, 2012, IEEE, ISBN: 978-0-7695-4814-2/12, pp. 199-206. doi>10.1109/CW.2012.35
8. M.E. Ryzhenkov Redaktirovanie trekhmernogo obrazovatel'nogo kontenta // Programmnye sistemy i
vychislitel'nye metody. - 2013. - 1. - C. 95 - 105. DOI: 10.7256/2305-6061.2013.01.8.

References (transliteration):
1. Morozov M., Tanakov A., Gerasimov A., Bystrov D., Cvirco V. “Virtual Chemistry Laboratory for School Education.”
The 4th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT). 30 August-1 September 2004,
Joensuu, Finland. IEEE Computer Society 2004, ISBN 0-7695-2181-9, pp.605-608.
2. Morozov M.N., Gerasimov A.V., Kurdyumova M.N. Sovmestnaya obrazovatel'naya deyatel'nost' shkol'nikov na
osnove komp'yuternykh setey // Shkol'nye tekhnologii. 2009. ¹4. S. 78-88.
3. Michael Rymaszewski, Wagner James Au, Mark Wallace, Catherine Winters, Cory Ondrejka, Benjamin Batstone-
Cunningham, Philip Rosedale: “Second Life: The Official Guide” December 2006, ISBN: 978-0-470-09608-6
4. Ken Perlin, Athomas Goldberg: :Improv: a system for scripting interactive actors in virtual worlds: // SIGGRAPH ‘96
Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques — 1996.
— pp. 205-216.
5. Mikhail Morozov, Alexey Gerasimov, Mikhail Fominykh, and Andrey Smorkalov: “Asynchronous Immersive Classes
in a 3D Virtual World: Extended Description of vAcademia,” in Marina Gavrilova, Chih Jeng Kenneth Tan and Arjan
Kuijper Eds., Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS) – Transactions on Computational Science (TCS), Volume
7848, Issue XVI, 2013, Springer, Series ISSN: 0302-9743, ISBN: 978-3-642-38802-6, Extended version of CW 2012.
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-38803-3_5
6. Smorkalov A.Yu.. Dizayn i arkhitektura sredy vypolneniya yazyka programmirovaniya virtual'noy
real'nosti // Programmnye sistemy i vychislitel'nye metody.-2014.-¹ 1.-S. 104-107. DOI: 10.7256/2305-
6061.2014.1.11328
7. Mikhail Morozov, Alexey Gerasimov, and Mikhail Fominykh: “vAcademia-Educational Virtual World with 3D Recording,”
in Arjan Kuijper and Alexei Sourin ed. the 12th International Conference on Cyberworlds (CW), Darmstadt,
Germany, September 25-27, 2012, IEEE, ISBN: 978-0-7695-4814-2/12, pp. 199-206. doi>10.1109/CW.2012.35
8. M.E. Ryzhenkov Redaktirovanie trekhmernogo obrazovatel'nogo kontenta // Programmnye sistemy i
vychislitel'nye metody. - 2013. - 1. - C. 95 - 105. DOI: 10.7256/2305-6061.2013.01.8.

Abstract: with the increasing use of virtual worlds in education it becomes necessary not only to give teachers and students the ability to place objects in virtual reality, but also allow specifying the behavior and interaction of objects. The article describes vJS programming language, developed for virtual world vAcademia, and also an effective software architecture for vJS runtime environment. vJS is based on the JavaScript programming language enriched with a set of features making programming of virtual reality as simple as possible. vJS allows to program multiuser simulators, simulations and games, carry out software support for role-play games and so-called “serious games”. vJS as distinct from similar languages runs in each client of virtual world. It is based on specifying responds to events of 3D-objects and the program is linked to a location instead of a 3D-oject. The vJS language has more functions the result of which is automatically synchronize. The process of interaction between user and vJS-program can be recorded in form of 3D, which is of great practical importance.

Keywords: virtual worlds, virtual reality, programming language, vJs, JavaScript, simulators, simulation, synchronization, role-playing games, serious games

Contact information: Smorkalov Andrei Yur’evich, 424000, Russia, Respublika Marii El, Yoshkar-Ola, pl. Lenina, dom 3

References:
Smorkalov A.Yu. Realizatsiya obrazovatel'nykh instrumentov v virtual'nykh 3D-sredakh s ispol'zovaniem potokovykh protsessorov. // Mezhdunarodnyy elektronnyy zhurnal "Obrazovatel'nye tekhnologii i obshchestvo (Educational Technology & Society)" – 2011.-V. 14.-¹ 3.-S. 409-425 .-ISSN 1436-4522. URL: http://ifets.ieee.org/russian/periodical/journal.html
A.Yu. Smorkalov. Matematicheskaya i programmnaya modeli generatsii tekstur na graficheskikh potokovykh protsessorakh. // Programmnye sistemy i vychislitel'nye metody.-2013.-¹ 1.-C. 116-128.
A Smorkalov, M Fominykh, M Morozov. Stream Processors Texture Generation Model for 3D Virtual Worlds: Learning Tools in vAcademia. In Proceeding of IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia (ISM), 2013, pp. 17-24
M.E. Ryzhenkov. Redaktirovanie trekhmernogo obrazovatel'nogo kontenta. // Programmnye sistemy i vychislitel'nye metody.-2013.-¹ 1.-C. 95-105.
Robert J. Cox, Patricia S. Crowther. A review of Linden Scripting Language and its role in Second Life. In ICCMSN'08 Proceedings of the First international conference on Computer-Mediated Social Networking, pp. 35-47, Springer-Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, 2009.
Cristina Lopes. The Worst Language Ever Designed: The Case for Better Programming Languages for 3D Environments. Report on POPL OBT 2014. URL: http://popl-obt-2014.cs.brown.edu/papers/worst.pdf
LUA specification. URL: http://www.lua.org/doc/hopl.pdf
B. Chandra, E. Cheslack-Postava, B. F. T. Mistree, P. Levis, D. Gay. Emerson: Scripting for Federated Virtual Worlds. Proc. CGAMES '10, 2010.
Behram F.T. Mistree, Bhupesh Chandra, Ewen Cheslack-Postava, Philip Levis, David Gay. In ONWARD '11 Proceedings of the 10th SIGPLAN symposium on New ideas, new paradigms, and reflections on programming and software, pp. 77-90, New York, USA, 2011. DOI: 10.1145/2048237.2048247
Open Asset Import Library (Assimp). URL: http://assimp.sourceforge.net
The application/json Media Type for JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). RFC 4627 Specification. URL: http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4627.
Google 3dwarehouse.URL: http://sketchup.google.com/3dwarehouse/
Mikhail Morozov, Alexey Gerasimov, Mikhail Fominykh, and Andrey Smorkalov: "Asynchronous Immersive Classes in a 3D Virtual World: Extended Description of vAcademia," in Marina Gavrilova, Chih Jeng Kenneth Tan and Arjan Kuijper Eds., Transactions on Computational Science (TCS), LNCS 7848, Issue XVI, 2013, Springer.

References (transliteration):
Smorkalov A.Yu. Realizatsiya obrazovatel'nykh instrumentov v virtual'nykh 3D-sredakh s ispol'zovaniem potokovykh protsessorov. // Mezhdunarodnyy elektronnyy zhurnal "Obrazovatel'nye tekhnologii i obshchestvo (Educational Technology & Society)" – 2011.-V. 14.-¹ 3.-S. 409-425 .-ISSN 1436-4522. URL: http://ifets.ieee.org/russian/periodical/journal.html
A.Yu. Smorkalov. Matematicheskaya i programmnaya modeli generatsii tekstur na graficheskikh potokovykh protsessorakh. // Programmnye sistemy i vychislitel'nye metody.-2013.-¹ 1.-C. 116-128.
A Smorkalov, M Fominykh, M Morozov. Stream Processors Texture Generation Model for 3D Virtual Worlds: Learning Tools in vAcademia. In Proceeding of IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia (ISM), 2013, pp. 17-24
M.E. Ryzhenkov. Redaktirovanie trekhmernogo obrazovatel'nogo kontenta. // Programmnye sistemy i vychislitel'nye metody.-2013.-¹ 1.-C. 95-105.
Robert J. Cox, Patricia S. Crowther. A review of Linden Scripting Language and its role in Second Life. In ICCMSN'08 Proceedings of the First international conference on Computer-Mediated Social Networking, pp. 35-47, Springer-Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, 2009.
Cristina Lopes. The Worst Language Ever Designed: The Case for Better Programming Languages for 3D Environments. Report on POPL OBT 2014. URL: http://popl-obt-2014.cs.brown.edu/papers/worst.pdf
LUA specification. URL: http://www.lua.org/doc/hopl.pdf
B. Chandra, E. Cheslack-Postava, B. F. T. Mistree, P. Levis, D. Gay. Emerson: Scripting for Federated Virtual Worlds. Proc. CGAMES '10, 2010.
Behram F.T. Mistree, Bhupesh Chandra, Ewen Cheslack-Postava, Philip Levis, David Gay. In ONWARD '11 Proceedings of the 10th SIGPLAN symposium on New ideas, new paradigms, and reflections on programming and software, pp. 77-90, New York, USA, 2011. DOI: 10.1145/2048237.2048247
Open Asset Import Library (Assimp). URL: http://assimp.sourceforge.net
The application/json Media Type for JavaScript Object Notation (JSON). RFC 4627 Specification. URL: http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4627.
Google 3dwarehouse.URL: http://sketchup.google.com/3dwarehouse/
Mikhail Morozov, Alexey Gerasimov, Mikhail Fominykh, and Andrey Smorkalov: "Asynchronous Immersive Classes in a 3D Virtual World: Extended Description of vAcademia," in Marina Gavrilova, Chih Jeng Kenneth Tan and Arjan Kuijper Eds., Transactions on Computational Science (TCS), LNCS 7848, Issue XVI, 2013, Springer.

Abstract: This paper identifies a problem of defining the formal semantics of function blocks (FB) under IEC 61499 standard and deve lops a conceptual ground for building a model for semantic of the functional blocks on the basis of abstract state machines. A for mal definition of a notation for representation of the operational semantics of FB is given along with the variants of the fun ctional and structural organization of the semantic models of FB systems. The described notation can be used to define the opera tional semantics of FB, functioning within the confines of the cyclic, sequential, synchro nous, and other models of execution.

Keywords: Software, function block, IEC 61499 standard, operational semantics, abstract state machines, execution model, functional structural organization, distributed systems, formal notation

References:
Cengic, G. On Formal Analysis of IEC 61499 Applications, Part A: Modeling / G. Cengic, K. Åkesson // IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics. – 2010. – Vol. 6, No. 2. –P. 136-144.
Dubinin, V. On Definition of a Formal Semantic Model for IEC 61499 Function Blocks / V. Dubinin, V. Vyatkin // EURASIP Journal on Embedded Systems. – 2008. – Vol. 2008. – 10 p.
Glässer, U. Abstract State Machine Semantics of SDL / U. Glässer, R. Karges // Journal of Universal Computer Science. –1997. – Vol. 3, No. 12. – P. 1382-1414.
Gurevich, Y. Evolving Algebras 1993: Lipari Guide / Y. Gurevich // Specification and Validation Methods. – Oxford University Press, 1995. – P.9-36.
International Standard IEC 61499. Function blocks for industrial-process measurement and control systems. Part 1: Architecture / International Electrotechnical Commission. – Geneva, 2005. – 111 p.
Mosses, P. D. Formal Semantics of Programming Languages: An Overview / P. D. Mosses // Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science. – 2006. – Vol. 148, Issue 1. – P. 41–73.
Vashkevich, N.P. Formalizovannoe opisanie posledovatel'noy modeli vypol-neniya funktsional'nykh blokov / N.P. Vashkevich, V.N. Dubinin, V.V. Vyatkin // Mezh-vuz. sb. nauch. tr. "Vychislitel'nye sistemy i tekhnologii obrabotki informatsii". –2011. – Vypusk 10. - S. 45-61.
Dubinin, V.N. Operatsionnaya semantika sinkhronnykh funktsional'nykh blokov IEC 61499 na osnove mashin abstraktnykh sostoyaniy, Chast' 1: Model' dispetcherov / V.N. Dubinin, V.V. Vyatkin // XXI vek: itogi proshlogo i problemy nastoyashchego Plyus. – 2012. – Vyp. 4. – S. 233-240.
Dubinin, V.N. Operatsionnaya semantika sinkhronnykh funktsional'nykh blokov IEC 61499 na osnove mashin abstraktnykh sostoyaniy, Chast' 2: Modeli blokov i predstavlenie v SMV / V.N. Dubinin, V.V. Vyatkin // Trudy Mezhdunarodnoy nauch.-tekhn. konf. “Sovremennye informatsionnye tekhnologii”. – Penza, 2011. – Vyp.14 – S. 94-100.

References (transliteration):
Cengic, G. On Formal Analysis of IEC 61499 Applications, Part A: Modeling / G. Cengic, K. Åkesson // IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics. – 2010. – Vol. 6, No. 2. –P. 136-144.
Dubinin, V. On Definition of a Formal Semantic Model for IEC 61499 Function Blocks / V. Dubinin, V. Vyatkin // EURASIP Journal on Embedded Systems. – 2008. – Vol. 2008. – 10 p.
Glässer, U. Abstract State Machine Semantics of SDL / U. Glässer, R. Karges // Journal of Universal Computer Science. –1997. – Vol. 3, No. 12. – P. 1382-1414.
Gurevich, Y. Evolving Algebras 1993: Lipari Guide / Y. Gurevich // Specification and Validation Methods. – Oxford University Press, 1995. – P.9-36.
International Standard IEC 61499. Function blocks for industrial-process measurement and control systems. Part 1: Architecture / International Electrotechnical Commission. – Geneva, 2005. – 111 p.
Mosses, P. D. Formal Semantics of Programming Languages: An Overview / P. D. Mosses // Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science. – 2006. – Vol. 148, Issue 1. – P. 41–73.
Vashkevich, N.P. Formalizovannoe opisanie posledovatel'noy modeli vypol-neniya funktsional'nykh blokov / N.P. Vashkevich, V.N. Dubinin, V.V. Vyatkin // Mezh-vuz. sb. nauch. tr. "Vychislitel'nye sistemy i tekhnologii obrabotki informatsii". –2011. – Vypusk 10. - S. 45-61.
Dubinin, V.N. Operatsionnaya semantika sinkhronnykh funktsional'nykh blokov IEC 61499 na osnove mashin abstraktnykh sostoyaniy, Chast' 1: Model' dispetcherov / V.N. Dubinin, V.V. Vyatkin // XXI vek: itogi proshlogo i problemy nastoyashchego Plyus. – 2012. – Vyp. 4. – S. 233-240.
Dubinin, V.N. Operatsionnaya semantika sinkhronnykh funktsional'nykh blokov IEC 61499 na osnove mashin abstraktnykh sostoyaniy, Chast' 2: Modeli blokov i predstavlenie v SMV / V.N. Dubinin, V.V. Vyatkin // Trudy Mezhdunarodnoy nauch.-tekhn. konf. “Sovremennye informatsionnye tekhnologii”. – Penza, 2011. – Vyp.14 – S. 94-100.