Abstract: Migration within the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) is a complex phenomenon, driven by economic disparities, political instability, and social inequalities. This dynamic region experiences both internal and outward migration flows, creating a landscape of challenges and opportunities that demands innovative solutions. The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), comprising 13 member countries, has collectively embraced diplomacy in the context of interregional migration. This decision signifies a relaxation of regulations when any member country seeks to engage in migration activities within another member state. As a result, both the sending and receiving countries have experienced associated benefits and encountered pertinent challenges. It is noteworthy that ECOWAS migration diplomacy is considered the weakest interregional diplomacy globally. This article aims to delve into the concept of migration diplomacy within ECOWAS, shedding light on its historical and current status, the opportunities it presents, and the challenges impeding its advancement. Furthermore, it utilizes Nigeria and Ghana as case studies to illustrate these points. This article employs a multi-faceted approach to explore the role of migration diplomacy in the ECOWAS region. It draws upon a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods to provide a comprehensive understanding of the issue. The study begins with a comprehensive review of existing literature on migration diplomacy, focusing on its theoretical framework, practical applications, and specific relevance to the African context. This review includes academic journals, reports from international organizations such as the International Organization for Migration (IOM) and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), and policy documents from ECOWAS and its member states. The analysis further deepens with the examination of specific case studies within the ECOWAS region.

Keywords: Strategic Interests, terrorism, Geopolitics, Multipolar world, Ghana, Nigeria, Interregional Cooperation, International Relations, ECOWAS, Migration Diplomacy

Abstract: The article is devoted to the study of the features of the strategic partnership between Russia and China in the naval field. The purpose of the proposed study is to determine the role of cooperation between the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China in the naval field for the strategic partnership of the two countries on the world stage. The objectives of this work are to consider the dynamics of cooperation between Russia and China in the naval sphere and to assess the benefits of cooperation in this area at the strategic and operational levels. The strategic partnership between Russia and China has a complex character and established historical and international political prerequisites. A significant area of partnership between the two countries is close cooperation in the military-political field, since it requires a high level of trust and proximity of approaches to key issues of international relations. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is based on the theory of structural realism and the theory of transit of power, which allow us to study the impact of Russian-Chinese naval cooperation as a derivative of increasing the role of "Collective Non-Western" countries in global governance on the process of structuring both regional subsystems and the global system of international relations. The researcher concludes that after the Second World War, the USSR provided significant assistance in the creation of the Chinese naval forces as a branch of the armed forces. After the resumption of cooperation with China in the new conditions, naval cooperation with China has deepened both in the field of technology transfer and their application in practice. Modern naval exercises are becoming more complex and include not only working out typical situations for the Navy, but also joint command and staff exercises, which allows the parties to share tactical techniques in modeling and working out scenarios of combat situations. In general, the achieved level of cooperation in the naval sphere serves to strengthen international stability, since it serves as a balancer for the American strategy of deterring China and Russia.

Keywords: Military cooperation, Russian-Chinese relations, naval forces, naval exercises, strategic partnership, China, Russia, USA, international security, regional security

Abstract: The relevance of the article is due to the growing political and economic influence of ASEAN, and of Cambodia as an integral part of ASEAN, on the world arena. The tension between the United States of America and the People’s Republic of China has resulted in an acceleration of the building of a sovereign association of South-East Asian States. One of the key instruments for building this sovereign association is investment policy and foreign direct investment. The object of this study is cooperation between Cambodia and other ASEAN countries. The subject of this study is the Cambodia and ASEAN cooperation in foreign direct investment. The main purpose of the study is to consider the Cambodia and ASEAN cooperation in FDI and identify key issues in Cambodia’s investment policy within ASEAN. According to this purpose, there are the following goals: to study foreign direct investment in the context of neoliberalism; to analyze investment policy of Cambodia; to estimate ASEAN investment climate; to investigate Cambodia and ASEAN investment cooperation. The scientific novelty of the study is due to the discovery of a significant imbalance in investment flows between Cambodia and other ASEAN countries, consisting in the predominance of inward investment over outward investment. Moreover, the author gave practical advice on improving the investment climate of Cambodia within ASEAN countries.

Keywords: Japan, PRC, USA, CDC, Cooperation, Investment, FDI, ASEAN, Cambodia, Hong Kong

Abstract: The subject of research in this article is the French foreign policy towards Africa during the presidency of F. Hollande (2012–2017) and E. Macron (2017-2021). The author examines in detail such aspects of this topic as a comparison of the stated bases of the foreign policy course of the two presidents in relation to Africa, the analysis of practical steps to implement these courses, in particular, the use of "Soft Power" and "Hard Power" instruments. Particular attention is paid to how Hollande's and Macron's policy of non-interference in the internal affairs of African countries correlates with actual actions to maintain French influence in the region. The main conclusions of the conducted research are the differences in the approaches of Hollande and Macron's approaches to the realization of their declared policy of non-interference in the internal affairs of African countries. The author's special contribution to the study of the topic is a detailed analysis of the use of "soft" and "hard" power instruments, showing that Hollande relied more on military presence, while Macron - on the expansion of economic and cultural cooperation.

Keywords: economic cooperation, non-interference, Hard Power, Soft Power, Macron, Hollande, France, cultural cooperation, Africa, foreign policy

Abstract: The relevance of the research is determined by the increased role of regional actors in peacekeeping on the African continent. The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) is spearheading efforts to promote peace and security throughout the West African region. Through its peacekeeping and conflict resolution activities, ECOWAS has contributed greatly in shaping the policies of West African states. The object of the research is ECOWAS peacekeeping missions in West Africa. The subject of the research is ECOWAS peacekeeping. The aim of this article is to examine the ECOWAS peacekeeping missions in Liberia, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso, Guinea-Bissau and the Gambia, their mandates, achievements, challenges and problems. The objectives of the article are to compare ECOWAS peacekeeping missions in terms of their impact and role in shaping the future of West Africa, and to assess the challenges and problems faced by ECOWAS in improving the effectiveness of peacekeeping missions. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the authors' endeavor to characterize, using a wide range of sources and academic literature, the ECOWAS peacekeeping missions and their impact on West African countries. The methodological basis of the article is the system approach, which is based on the consideration of the object as a holistic set of interrelated elements. Based on an institutional analysis of ECOWAS peacekeeping in West Africa and a comparative analysis of conflicts in Liberia, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso, Guinea Bissau and the Gambia, the authors conclude that ECOWAS continues to be a leader in ensuring peace and stability in Africa and its experience, mechanisms and instruments for crisis resolution in West Africa can be used not only to resolve existing conflicts but also to prevent the emergence of new ones on the African continent.

Keywords: Conflict Resolution, Security, ECOWAS, West Africa, Regional Integration, Peace Missions, Economic Development, Geopolitical Challenges, National Reconciliation, Peacekeeping