Abstract: This article is devoted to the analysis of legal regulation of corporate book-entry securities in the law on the example of Spain. In the science of Russian law there are almost no studies of corporate book-entry securities of foreign countries. However, the mechanism of regulation of social relations in relation of corporate book-entry securities in civil and trading turnover of Spain is of interest to Russian law. Complicated trade turnover and the rules of the European Union’s regulations implemented in the national legislation give impetus to the adoption of new types of corporate securities not previously known to the Spanish law (recall shares, preferred corporate shares). But law enforcement practice shows that legal protection of investors who invest their money in such financial instruments is still not assured.

Keywords: securities, book-entry securities, corporate securities, stocks, bonds, hybrid securities, the law of Spain, corporations, joint-callable shares, preferred corporate shares.

References:
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Capital, BOE núm. 161 de 03/07/2010, páginas 58472 a 58594.
3. Real Decreto 116/1992, de 14 de febrero, sobre Representación de valores por medio de anotaciones en cuenta y
Compensación y Liquidación de Operaciones bursátiles, BOE número 44 de 20/2/1992, páginas 5964 a 5974.
4. Juzgado de Primera Instancia número 1 de Santander. Sentencia 223/2012, de 29 de noviembre.
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6. Martínez-Echevarría y García de Dueñas, A. Valores mobiliarios anotados en cuenta. Concepto, naturaleza y régimen
jurídico / A. Martínez-Echevarría y García de Dueñas. Madrid: Editorial Mariano Otero, 1997. 335 p.
7. Pantelon Prieto, F. Las acciones (Tomo IV del Comentario al régimen legal de las sociedades mercantiles) / F.Pantelon
Prieto. Madrid: Civitas, 1992. 157 p.
8. Tapia Hermida, A. J. Sociedades Anónimas Cotizadas y Ofertas Públicas de Adquisición / A.J.Tapia Hermida. Madrid:
La ley (grupo Wolters Kluwer), 2012. 314 p.
9. Miguel Ángel Villacorta Hernández. Acciones rescatables y otros híbridos financieros societarios. Algunos aspectos
jurídicos (sustantivos, financieros y contables). Tesis doctoral. Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. 2011. P. 127.
10. Diaz Moreno, A. La Prenda de Anotaciones en Cuenta// Revista Crítica de Derecho Inmobiliario. Núm. 603. 1991.
Pag. 355–441.
11. Akopyan O.A. Pravovoe regulirovanie finansovogo rynka v SShA v krizisnye periody razvitiya // Zhurnal
zarubezhnogo zakonodatel'stva i sravnitel'nogo pravovedeniya. – 2011. – 2. – C. 62–68.
12. Asaul, A.N. Korporativnye tsennye bumagi kak instrument investitsionnoy privlekatel'nosti kompaniy /
A.N. Asaul, M.P. Voynarenko, N.A. Ponomareva, R.A. Faltinskiy: pod red. d.e.n., professora A.N. Asaula. –
SPb: ANO «IPEV», 2008. – 288 s.
13. Asaul, A.N. Korporativnye tsennye bumagi kak instrument investitsionnoy privlekatel'nosti kompaniy /
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3. – C. 53–62. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/flc/article_2880.html
16. Korporativnoe pravo: ucheb. dlya studentov vuzov, obuchayushchikhsya po napravleniyu "Yurisprudentsiya"/ otv. red.
I.S. Shitkina.-M.: Volters Kluver, 2007. – 648 s.
17. Korporativnoe pravo: ucheb. dlya studentov vuzov, obuchayushchikhsya po napravleniyu "Yurisprudentsiya"/ otv. red.
I.S. Shitkina.-M.: Volters Kluver, 2007. – 648 s.
18. Mirkin Ya.M.. Tsennye bumagi i fondovyy rynok. – M.: Perspektiva, 1995. – 600 s.
19. Mirkin Ya.M.. Tsennye bumagi i fondovyy rynok. – M.: Perspektiva, 1995. – 600 s.
20. Pravovoy portal Evropeyskogo soyuza-http://eur-lex.europa.eu/.
21. Sayt izdatel'skoy gruppy “Elboletin.com”-http://www.elboletin.com/
22. Sayt Ofitsial'nogo gosudarstvennogo byulletenya Ispanii (Boletín Oficial de Estado)-http://www.boe.es/).
23. Tatarintseva K.N. Ogranicheniya prav uchastnikov rynka tsennykh bumag v protsesse emissii aktsiy: zakonoda-
tel'stvo i sudebnaya praktika // Aktual'nye problemy rossiyskogo prava. – 2013. – 3. – C. 269–275.

References (transliteration):
1. Ley de Medidas de Reforma del Sistema Financiero de 22 de noviembre de 2002, entrada en vigor, con la salvedad
indicada, el 24 de noviembre de 2002, BOE número 281 de 23/11/2002, páginas 41273 a 41331.
2. Real Decreto Legislativo 1/2010, de 2 de julio, por el que se aprueba el texto refundido de la Ley de Sociedades de
Capital, BOE núm. 161 de 03/07/2010, páginas 58472 a 58594.
3. Real Decreto 116/1992, de 14 de febrero, sobre Representación de valores por medio de anotaciones en cuenta y
Compensación y Liquidación de Operaciones bursátiles, BOE número 44 de 20/2/1992, páginas 5964 a 5974.
4. Juzgado de Primera Instancia número 1 de Santander. Sentencia 223/2012, de 29 de noviembre.
5. García-Pita y Lastres, J. Derecho de Títulos-Valores (Parte General) / J. García-Pita y Lastres. Santiago de Compostela:
Adavira editora, 2006. 939 p.
6. Martínez-Echevarría y García de Dueñas, A. Valores mobiliarios anotados en cuenta. Concepto, naturaleza y régimen
jurídico / A. Martínez-Echevarría y García de Dueñas. Madrid: Editorial Mariano Otero, 1997. 335 p.
7. Pantelon Prieto, F. Las acciones (Tomo IV del Comentario al régimen legal de las sociedades mercantiles) / F.Pantelon
Prieto. Madrid: Civitas, 1992. 157 p.
8. Tapia Hermida, A. J. Sociedades Anónimas Cotizadas y Ofertas Públicas de Adquisición / A.J.Tapia Hermida. Madrid:
La ley (grupo Wolters Kluwer), 2012. 314 p.
9. Miguel Ángel Villacorta Hernández. Acciones rescatables y otros híbridos financieros societarios. Algunos aspectos
jurídicos (sustantivos, financieros y contables). Tesis doctoral. Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. 2011. P. 127.
10. Diaz Moreno, A. La Prenda de Anotaciones en Cuenta// Revista Crítica de Derecho Inmobiliario. Núm. 603. 1991.
Pag. 355–441.
11. Akopyan O.A. Pravovoe regulirovanie finansovogo rynka v SShA v krizisnye periody razvitiya // Zhurnal
zarubezhnogo zakonodatel'stva i sravnitel'nogo pravovedeniya. – 2011. – 2. – C. 62–68.
12. Asaul, A.N. Korporativnye tsennye bumagi kak instrument investitsionnoy privlekatel'nosti kompaniy /
A.N. Asaul, M.P. Voynarenko, N.A. Ponomareva, R.A. Faltinskiy: pod red. d.e.n., professora A.N. Asaula. –
SPb: ANO «IPEV», 2008. – 288 s.
13. Asaul, A.N. Korporativnye tsennye bumagi kak instrument investitsionnoy privlekatel'nosti kompaniy /
A.N. Asaul, M.P. Voynarenko, N.A. Ponomareva, R.A. Faltinskiy: pod red. d.e.n., professora A.N. Asaula. –
SPb: ANO «IPEV», 2008. – 288 s.
14. Butina, I. N. Pravovaya sushchnost' sovremennoy aktsii kak tsennoy bumagi// Pravovedenie. – 2006. – ¹ 6. S. 76.
15. Grekova I.Yu. Pravovoe regulirovanie rynka tsennykh bumag // NB: Finansovoe pravo i upravlenie. – 2013. –
3. – C. 53–62. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/flc/article_2880.html
16. Korporativnoe pravo: ucheb. dlya studentov vuzov, obuchayushchikhsya po napravleniyu "Yurisprudentsiya"/ otv. red.
I.S. Shitkina.-M.: Volters Kluver, 2007. – 648 s.
17. Korporativnoe pravo: ucheb. dlya studentov vuzov, obuchayushchikhsya po napravleniyu "Yurisprudentsiya"/ otv. red.
I.S. Shitkina.-M.: Volters Kluver, 2007. – 648 s.
18. Mirkin Ya.M.. Tsennye bumagi i fondovyy rynok. – M.: Perspektiva, 1995. – 600 s.
19. Mirkin Ya.M.. Tsennye bumagi i fondovyy rynok. – M.: Perspektiva, 1995. – 600 s.
20. Pravovoy portal Evropeyskogo soyuza-http://eur-lex.europa.eu/.
21. Sayt izdatel'skoy gruppy “Elboletin.com”-http://www.elboletin.com/
22. Sayt Ofitsial'nogo gosudarstvennogo byulletenya Ispanii (Boletín Oficial de Estado)-http://www.boe.es/).
23. Tatarintseva K.N. Ogranicheniya prav uchastnikov rynka tsennykh bumag v protsesse emissii aktsiy: zakonoda-
tel'stvo i sudebnaya praktika // Aktual'nye problemy rossiyskogo prava. – 2013. – 3. – C. 269–275.

Abstract: Article is devoted to the current topic of harmonization of the Russian legislation on the example of the trust. The author shows the advantages of harmonization of policies for the economic development of states and analyzes its possible opportunities in the relation of the Law of Trusts of the Russian Federation, consisting of the chapter 53 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and the Presidential Decree of 1993 "On trust" which, from the point of view of the author remains in force. The paper pays great attention to the problems of using of trusts in the modern Russian economy. The author shows how the elements of the Anglo-American trust can be adopted to the Russian legal realities and economic benefits that it can give. The author analyzes the possibility of legal technique which allow Russian legal entities and individuals to use the system of trusts without violating the rules of Russian law.

Keywords: harmonization of legislation, international law, international treaty, trust, trust property, comparative law, escrow, adaptation, private international law, Russian law.

References:
Garner B.A. [Garner B.A.] Black’s Law Dictionary. 8-e izd., 2004.

References (transliteration):
Garner B.A. [Garner B.A.] Black’s Law Dictionary. 8-e izd., 2004.

Abstract: The author analyzes the issues of conflict of law regulation of M&A contracts in Russia, examines the notion and characteristics of such contracts, gives the examples of consideration of the disputes arising from M&A agreements from Russian case law and arbitration practice.

Keywords: mergers and acquisitions, conflict of law regulation, applicable law, super-imperative rules, limited liability company, joint stock company, arbitrability of corporate disputes, form of the contract, English law, warranties and representations.

References:
1. Ayvori I., Rogoza A. Ispol'zovanie angliyskogo prava v rossiyskikh sdelkakh. M. Al'pina Pablisherz. 2011.
2. Begaeva A.A. Korporativnye sliyaniya i pogloshcheniya. Problemy i perspektivy pravovogo regulirovaniya. M.
Infotropik Media, 2010.
3. Burkova A. Zavereniya i garantii po kreditnym sdelkam // Bankovskoe pravo. 2006. ¹ 3.
4. Dmitriev S.V. Zavereniya, garantii i obyazatel'stva vozmeshcheniya ubytkov po anglo-amerikanskomu i rossiy-
skomu pravu // Pravo i ekonomika. 2004. ¹ 4.
5. Dontsov A. Konspekt lektsiy spetskursa «Sdelki sliyaniy i pogloshcheniy v praktike mezhdunarodnykh kompa-
niy». Clifford Chance CIS limited, dekabr' 2009.
6. Kaploukhiy M. Podchinenie sdelok s aktsiyami i dolyami inostrannomu pravu // Korporativnyy yurist. 2013. ¹ 3.
7. Kontievskaya E.K. Zavereniya i garantii v transgranichnykh dogovorakh kupli-prodazhi aktsiy: sravnitel'no-
pravovoy analiz // Zhurnal zarubezhnogo zakonodatel'stva i sravnitel'nogo pravovedeniya. 2011. ¹ 3.
8. Luzanov O. Strukturirovanie sdelok M&A: po nemetskomu ili angliyskomu pravu? Neskol'ko argumentov
protiv paushal'nogo primeneniya angliyskogo prava v sdelkakh s uchastiem rossiyskikh investorov // Sliyaniya
i pogloshcheniya. 2012. ¹ 11.
9. Mezhdunarodnoe chastnoe pravo: Inostrannoe zakonodatel'stvo / Predisl. A.L. Makovskogo; sost. i nauchn.
red. A.N. Zhil'tsov, A.I. Muranov. M.: Statut. 2000.
10. Ovcharova A. Garantii, zavereniya, obeshchaniya o vozmeshchenii ubytkov po angliyskomu pravu pri strukturiro-
vanii transnatsional'nykh sdelok po sliyaniyam i pogloshcheniyam // http://www.vegaslex.ru/text/46231.html
11. Sokolov M. Za priobretaemymi aktsiyami stoit kompaniya // Sliyaniya i pogloshcheniya. 2006. ¹ 12.
12. Tomashevskaya Zh., Kuznetsova N. «Zavereniya i garantii» i «Obyazatel'stvo po vozmeshcheniyu poter'» v sdelkakh
M&A (v svete planiruyushchikhsya popravok v Grazhdanskiy kodeks RF) // Sliyaniya i pogloshcheniya. 2013. ¹ 5.
13. Chuzhoe pravo // http://www.kommersant.ru/doc/2175727?isSearch=True
14. Warrantees and indemnities: acquisitions // www.practicallaw.com/2-107-3754.

References (transliteration):
1. Ayvori I., Rogoza A. Ispol'zovanie angliyskogo prava v rossiyskikh sdelkakh. M. Al'pina Pablisherz. 2011.
2. Begaeva A.A. Korporativnye sliyaniya i pogloshcheniya. Problemy i perspektivy pravovogo regulirovaniya. M.
Infotropik Media, 2010.
3. Burkova A. Zavereniya i garantii po kreditnym sdelkam // Bankovskoe pravo. 2006. ¹ 3.
4. Dmitriev S.V. Zavereniya, garantii i obyazatel'stva vozmeshcheniya ubytkov po anglo-amerikanskomu i rossiy-
skomu pravu // Pravo i ekonomika. 2004. ¹ 4.
5. Dontsov A. Konspekt lektsiy spetskursa «Sdelki sliyaniy i pogloshcheniy v praktike mezhdunarodnykh kompa-
niy». Clifford Chance CIS limited, dekabr' 2009.
6. Kaploukhiy M. Podchinenie sdelok s aktsiyami i dolyami inostrannomu pravu // Korporativnyy yurist. 2013. ¹ 3.
7. Kontievskaya E.K. Zavereniya i garantii v transgranichnykh dogovorakh kupli-prodazhi aktsiy: sravnitel'no-
pravovoy analiz // Zhurnal zarubezhnogo zakonodatel'stva i sravnitel'nogo pravovedeniya. 2011. ¹ 3.
8. Luzanov O. Strukturirovanie sdelok M&A: po nemetskomu ili angliyskomu pravu? Neskol'ko argumentov
protiv paushal'nogo primeneniya angliyskogo prava v sdelkakh s uchastiem rossiyskikh investorov // Sliyaniya
i pogloshcheniya. 2012. ¹ 11.
9. Mezhdunarodnoe chastnoe pravo: Inostrannoe zakonodatel'stvo / Predisl. A.L. Makovskogo; sost. i nauchn.
red. A.N. Zhil'tsov, A.I. Muranov. M.: Statut. 2000.
10. Ovcharova A. Garantii, zavereniya, obeshchaniya o vozmeshchenii ubytkov po angliyskomu pravu pri strukturiro-
vanii transnatsional'nykh sdelok po sliyaniyam i pogloshcheniyam // http://www.vegaslex.ru/text/46231.html
11. Sokolov M. Za priobretaemymi aktsiyami stoit kompaniya // Sliyaniya i pogloshcheniya. 2006. ¹ 12.
12. Tomashevskaya Zh., Kuznetsova N. «Zavereniya i garantii» i «Obyazatel'stvo po vozmeshcheniyu poter'» v sdelkakh
M&A (v svete planiruyushchikhsya popravok v Grazhdanskiy kodeks RF) // Sliyaniya i pogloshcheniya. 2013. ¹ 5.
13. Chuzhoe pravo // http://www.kommersant.ru/doc/2175727?isSearch=True
14. Warrantees and indemnities: acquisitions // www.practicallaw.com/2-107-3754.

Abstract: In the article the review of research and practice conference of «Problems of unification of international private law presented in the modern world», taking place on November, 13 2013 in Institute of legislation and comparative jurisprudence at Government of Russian Federation. Within the framework of conference the value of development of unitization of right came into question in the modern terms of international cooperation, the basic lines of internationally-contractual and non-state unification of international private law were educed, the role of the International institute unification of international private law (UNIDROIT) and International Chamber of Commerce is analysed in creation of the uniform adjusting, the features of regional unification of international private law are marked within the framework of the European union, CIS and EVRAZES. The participants of conference appealed to consideration of problems of unitization of separate institutes of private law (purchase-sale, representative office, concession of right in an action, motor-car and air transportation, beneficiary possession).

Keywords: international private law, unification, integration, harmonization, UNIDROIT, foreign investments, international haulage, mediation, EVRAZES.

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zakonodatel'stva i sravnitel'nogo pravovedeniya. 2011. ¹ 5. S. 177–183.
31. Prokof'ev A.S. Pravovoe regulirovanie ustupki trebovaniy v Anglii i SShA // Zhurnal zarubezhnogo zakono-
datel'stva i sravnitel'nogo pravovedeniya. 2012. ¹ 3. S. 133–138.
32. Rafalyuk E.E. Unifikatsiya mezhdunarodnogo chastnogo prava v stranakh Latinskoy Ameriki: istoriya i sovre-
mennost' // Zhurnal rossiyskogo prava. 2010, ¹ 5. S. 88–98.
33. Rafalyuk E.E. Rol' mezhdunarodnykh sudov Latinskoy Ameriki v unifikatsii prava // Zhurnal zarubezhnogo
zakonodatel'stva i sravnitel'nogo pravovedeniya. 2011, ¹ 4. S. 102–111.
34. Unifikatsiya mezhdunarodnogo chastnogo prava v sovremennom mire: sbornik statey / Otv. red. I.O. Khlestova.
M.: Institut zakonodatel'stva i sravnitel'nogo pravovedeniya pri Pravitel'stve RF: INFRA-M, 2013.
35. Khlestova I.O. Monreal'skaya konventsiya ob unifikatsii nekotorykh pravil mezhdunarodnykh vozdushnykh pere-
vozok 1999 g i rossiyskoe zakonodatel'stvo // Mezhdunarodnoe pravo i natsional'nye interesy Rossiyskoy
Federatsii. Sbornik statey / Diplomat. akad. MID Rossii, Kaf. mezhdunar. prava, Kaf. mezhdunar. chast. pra-
va; otv. red.: A.A. Kovalev, B.L. Zimnenko. M.: Vostok – Zapad, 2008. S. 340–359.
36. Tsirina M.A. Bor'ba s ofshorizatsiey / Sbornik materialov IV Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy kon-
ferentsii molodykh uchenykh i studentov, provodimoy v ramkakh IV-go Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo foruma
molodezhi «Molodezh' v reshenii global'nykh i regional'nykh problem ekonomiki» (Estoniya, Tallinn –
17 maya 2013 g.). Institut ekonomiki i upravleniya ECOMEN. S. 155–157.

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ki gruzov // Zhurnal zarubezhnogo zakonodatel'stva i sravnitel'nogo pravovedeniya. 2011. ¹ 2. S. 149–154.
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// Khozyaystvo i pravo. 2006. ¹ 11. S. 119–130.
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20. Makovskiy A.L. Voprosy teorii mezhdunarodno-pravovoy unifikatsii prava i sostav mezhdunarodnogo chast-
nogo prava // Materialy Sektsii prava Torgovo-promyshlennoy palaty SSSR. Vyp. 34. M., 1983. S. 26–33.
21. Muratova O.V. Problemy unifikatsii mezhdunarodnogo chastnogo prava v ramkakh SNG i EvrAzES i sposoby
ikh resheniya na primere ES // Zhurnal zarubezhnogo zakonodatel'stva i sravnitel'nogo pravovedeniya. 2013.
¹ 4. S. 703–708.
22. Oparina M.V. Unifikatsiya i garmonizatsiya prava intellektual'noy sobstvennosti // Pravo i politika. –
2012. – 1. – C. 163–169.
23. Ostroumov N.N. Dogovor perevozki v mezhdunarodnom vozdushnom soobshchenii. M.: Statut, 2009.
24. Ostroumov N.N. Monreal'skaya konventsiya ob unifikatsii nekotorykh pravil mezhdunarodnykh vozdushnykh pe-
revozok 1999 g. i otvetstvennost' perevozchika za zhizn' i zdorov'e passazhira // Moskovskiy zhurnal mezhdu-
narodnogo prava. 2004. ¹ 4. S. 111–132.
25. Otdel'nye vidy obyazatel'stv v mezhdunarodnom chastnom prave / Otv. red. V.P. Zvekov; In-t zakonodat. i
sravnit. pravovedeniya pri Pravitel'stve RF. M.: Statut, 2008. S. 247–287.
26. Pakerman G.A. Metody unifikatsii prava na primere pravovogo regulirovaniya inostrannykh investitsiy //
Zhurnal rossiyskogo prava. 2009. ¹ 4. S. 98–109.
27. Pakerman G.A. Opyt unifikatsii prava ob investitsiyakh v Evropeyskom soyuze // Mezhdunarodnoe pravo i
mezhdunarodnye organizatsii. – 2012. – 1. – C. 126–136.
28. Petrova E.I. Spetsifika unifikatsii amerikanskogo prava // Zhurnal zarubezhnogo zakonodatel'stva i srav-
nitel'nogo pravovedeniya. – 2012. – 5. – C. 73–81.
29. Problemy unifikatsii mezhdunarodnogo chastnogo prava: monografiya / otv. red. A.L. Makovskiy, I.O. Khle-
stova. M.: Institut zakonodatel'stva i sravnitel'nogo pravovedeniya pri Pravitel'stve Rossiyskoy Fede-
ratsii; ID «Yurisprudentsiya», 2012.
30. Prokof'ev A.S. Pravovoe regulirovanie ustupki trebovaniy vo Frantsii i Germanii // Zhurnal zarubezhnogo
zakonodatel'stva i sravnitel'nogo pravovedeniya. 2011. ¹ 5. S. 177–183.
31. Prokof'ev A.S. Pravovoe regulirovanie ustupki trebovaniy v Anglii i SShA // Zhurnal zarubezhnogo zakono-
datel'stva i sravnitel'nogo pravovedeniya. 2012. ¹ 3. S. 133–138.
32. Rafalyuk E.E. Unifikatsiya mezhdunarodnogo chastnogo prava v stranakh Latinskoy Ameriki: istoriya i sovre-
mennost' // Zhurnal rossiyskogo prava. 2010, ¹ 5. S. 88–98.
33. Rafalyuk E.E. Rol' mezhdunarodnykh sudov Latinskoy Ameriki v unifikatsii prava // Zhurnal zarubezhnogo
zakonodatel'stva i sravnitel'nogo pravovedeniya. 2011, ¹ 4. S. 102–111.
34. Unifikatsiya mezhdunarodnogo chastnogo prava v sovremennom mire: sbornik statey / Otv. red. I.O. Khlestova.
M.: Institut zakonodatel'stva i sravnitel'nogo pravovedeniya pri Pravitel'stve RF: INFRA-M, 2013.
35. Khlestova I.O. Monreal'skaya konventsiya ob unifikatsii nekotorykh pravil mezhdunarodnykh vozdushnykh pere-
vozok 1999 g i rossiyskoe zakonodatel'stvo // Mezhdunarodnoe pravo i natsional'nye interesy Rossiyskoy
Federatsii. Sbornik statey / Diplomat. akad. MID Rossii, Kaf. mezhdunar. prava, Kaf. mezhdunar. chast. pra-
va; otv. red.: A.A. Kovalev, B.L. Zimnenko. M.: Vostok – Zapad, 2008. S. 340–359.
36. Tsirina M.A. Bor'ba s ofshorizatsiey / Sbornik materialov IV Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy kon-
ferentsii molodykh uchenykh i studentov, provodimoy v ramkakh IV-go Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo foruma
molodezhi «Molodezh' v reshenii global'nykh i regional'nykh problem ekonomiki» (Estoniya, Tallinn –
17 maya 2013 g.). Institut ekonomiki i upravleniya ECOMEN. S. 155–157.

Abstract: The article is about the new Hungarian Civil Code, which entered into force on March 2014 and replaced the Civil Code of 1959 that has been in force for more than 50 years. The new Civil Code is a code of laws which introduces several new provisions and significant changes. For example, the very structure of the new Civil Code is different, it consists of 8 volumes, and it incorporates the provision of family law. Besides, the new Civil Code introduces some important changes in the field of comparative law. It contains provisions on corporate law that were regulated in a separate act. Now norms on corporate law are incorporated into the new Civil Code as a part of its volume on legal persons. An important provision of the new Civil Code is the allowance to business partners that they are free to agree on the rules, concerning the functioning and the operation of the company.

Keywords: Civil Code, comparative law, corporate law, legal person, contracts, declaration of will, law of domestic relations, last will, law of property, business.

References:
1. Zakon V, 2013 g. Magyar kozlony, 2013, ¹ 31.
2. Zakon IV, 1959 g. Magyar kozlony, 1959, ¹ 68.
3. Dr. Novratyil Zoltan. Eszrevetelek az uj Polgari Torvenykonyv osszefuggesben. Magyar jog, 2012, ¹ 11, O.69.
4. Sarkozy T. Szervezetek statusjoga az uj PTK-ban. Budapest 2013.
5. Pazmandi K. Konszernrendelkezesek es vallalatcsoportra vonatkozo szabalyozas. Gazdasagi jog 2011/7-8 o.24-29.
6. Szarkozy T. Szervezetek jogallasa uj Ptk-ban. Gazdasag es Jog 2011/3, O 3-8.
7. Magyar kozlony, 1974, ¹ 31.
8. Magyar kozlony, 1997, ¹ 113.
9. Dr. Petrik Ferencs. Az uj Polgary torvenykonyv tervezetteivel kapcsolatos dilemma. Magyar jog, 2011, ¹ 3, O 71.

References (transliteration):
1. Zakon V, 2013 g. Magyar kozlony, 2013, ¹ 31.
2. Zakon IV, 1959 g. Magyar kozlony, 1959, ¹ 68.
3. Dr. Novratyil Zoltan. Eszrevetelek az uj Polgari Torvenykonyv osszefuggesben. Magyar jog, 2012, ¹ 11, O.69.
4. Sarkozy T. Szervezetek statusjoga az uj PTK-ban. Budapest 2013.
5. Pazmandi K. Konszernrendelkezesek es vallalatcsoportra vonatkozo szabalyozas. Gazdasagi jog 2011/7-8 o.24-29.
6. Szarkozy T. Szervezetek jogallasa uj Ptk-ban. Gazdasag es Jog 2011/3, O 3-8.
7. Magyar kozlony, 1974, ¹ 31.
8. Magyar kozlony, 1997, ¹ 113.
9. Dr. Petrik Ferencs. Az uj Polgary torvenykonyv tervezetteivel kapcsolatos dilemma. Magyar jog, 2011, ¹ 3, O 71.

Abstract: The article considers legal content, the necessity of implementation, and the scope of the “closed number” (Numerus clausus) principle in civil legislation on the example of civil law of the continental Europe countries (France, Germany, Switzerland, Holland, Russia). The possibility of referring of Numerus clausus to individual, identifying characteristics of some kind of subjective civil rights, including proprietary and absolute is researched by the author. The meaning of Numerus clausus as empowerment in the method of civil regulation is proved. The validity of understanding of Numerus clausus as a principle or as a sign of a certain kind of subjective rights is denied.

Keywords: absolute rights, corporeal rights, closed list of corporeal rights, Numerus clausus.

References:
1. Amfiteatrov G.N. Vindikatsionnyy isk kak sposob zashchity prava sobstvennosti v SSSR: dis… dokt. yurid.
nauk. M., 1947.
2. Braginskiy M.I., Vitryanskiy V.V. Dogovornoe pravo. M., 2001. T.1.
3. Raykher V.K. Absolyutnye i otnositel'nye prava // Vestnik ekonomicheskogo fakul'teta Lenigradskogo poli-
tekhnicheskogo instituta. Leningrad, 1928. ¹1 (KhKhV).
4. Gierke O. Deutsches Privatrecht. Leipzig, 1905. Bd. II. Sachenrecht.
5. Beseler G. System des gemeinen deutschen Privatrechts. Leipzig, 1853. Bd. II.
6. Gierke O. Deutsches Privatrecht. Leipzig, 1905. Bd. II. Sachenrecht.
7. Bydlinski P. Grundzuege des Privatrechts. Wien, 2007.
8. Winiwarter J. M. Des dinglichen Sachenrechtes. Wien, 1839. Bd. 1 Basler kommentar. Zivilgesetzbuch // hrsg. H.
Honsell, N.P. Vogt, T. Geiser. Basel-Zürich-Bern, 2011.
9. Heck P. Grundriss des Sachenrecht. Tuebingen, 1930.
10. Capelle K.H. Buergerliches Recht: Sachenrecht, Berlin 1963.
11. Lueke W. Sachenrecht. Muenchen, 2010.
12. Ofner J. Das Sachenrecht. Berlin, 1893.
13. Serick R. Eigentumsvorbehalt und Sicherungsbereignung. Heidelberg, 1993. Bd. I.
14. Schreiber K. Sachenrecht. Stuttgart-München-Hannover-Berlin-Weimar-Dresden, 2007.
15. Haedicke M. Der buergerlich-rechtliche Verfuegungsbegriff. Jus. 2001.
16. Stadler A. Gestaltungsfreiheit und Virkehrsschutz durch Abstraction, Tuebingen 1996.
17. Haegele K., Schoener H., Stoeber K. Grundbuchrecht. 11 Aufl., Wiegand W. Die Entwicklung des Sachenrechts im
Verhältnis zum Schuldrecht // AsR 1990.
18. Oertmann P. Das Problem der relativen Rechtszustandigkeit // Jherings Jahrbucher fuer die Dogmatik des
buergerlichen Rechts. 1916. Bd. 30.
19. Savigny F.C. System des heutigen roemischen Recht. Berlin, 1840. Bd.1.
20. Wieacker F. Bodenrecht. Hamburg, 1938.
21. Foëx B. Le “numerus clausus” des droit reel en matière mobilière. Lausanne, 1987.
22. Koziol H., Welser R. Buergerliches Recht. Wien, 2006.
23. Gert I. Buergerliche Recht. Bd. IV. Sachenrecht. Wien, 2008.
24. Planiol M., Ripert G. Traitie Pratique de droit civil francais. 1 est. Paris, 1926.
25. Strickler Y. Les biens. Paris, 2006.
26. Zenati-Castaing F., Revet T. Les biens. Paris, 2006.
27. Akkermans B. The Principle of Numerus Clausus in European Property Law. Oxford, 2008.
28. Wiegand W. Numerus clausus der dinglichen Rechte. Zur Entstehung und Bedeutung eines zentralen zivilrechtlichen
Dogmas // europdischer Rechtsgeschichte, Festschrift Karl Kroeschell, Rechtshistorische Reihe vol. 60. Frankfurt am
Main, 1987.
29. Schoshinski R.S. American Law of Landlord and Tenant. New York, 1980.
30. Smith R. J. Property law. London-New York. 1998.
31. Wendt O. H. Lehrbuch der Pandekten. Jena, 1888.

References (transliteration):
1. Amfiteatrov G.N. Vindikatsionnyy isk kak sposob zashchity prava sobstvennosti v SSSR: dis… dokt. yurid.
nauk. M., 1947.
2. Braginskiy M.I., Vitryanskiy V.V. Dogovornoe pravo. M., 2001. T.1.
3. Raykher V.K. Absolyutnye i otnositel'nye prava // Vestnik ekonomicheskogo fakul'teta Lenigradskogo poli-
tekhnicheskogo instituta. Leningrad, 1928. ¹1 (KhKhV).
4. Gierke O. Deutsches Privatrecht. Leipzig, 1905. Bd. II. Sachenrecht.
5. Beseler G. System des gemeinen deutschen Privatrechts. Leipzig, 1853. Bd. II.
6. Gierke O. Deutsches Privatrecht. Leipzig, 1905. Bd. II. Sachenrecht.
7. Bydlinski P. Grundzuege des Privatrechts. Wien, 2007.
8. Winiwarter J. M. Des dinglichen Sachenrechtes. Wien, 1839. Bd. 1 Basler kommentar. Zivilgesetzbuch // hrsg. H.
Honsell, N.P. Vogt, T. Geiser. Basel-Zürich-Bern, 2011.
9. Heck P. Grundriss des Sachenrecht. Tuebingen, 1930.
10. Capelle K.H. Buergerliches Recht: Sachenrecht, Berlin 1963.
11. Lueke W. Sachenrecht. Muenchen, 2010.
12. Ofner J. Das Sachenrecht. Berlin, 1893.
13. Serick R. Eigentumsvorbehalt und Sicherungsbereignung. Heidelberg, 1993. Bd. I.
14. Schreiber K. Sachenrecht. Stuttgart-München-Hannover-Berlin-Weimar-Dresden, 2007.
15. Haedicke M. Der buergerlich-rechtliche Verfuegungsbegriff. Jus. 2001.
16. Stadler A. Gestaltungsfreiheit und Virkehrsschutz durch Abstraction, Tuebingen 1996.
17. Haegele K., Schoener H., Stoeber K. Grundbuchrecht. 11 Aufl., Wiegand W. Die Entwicklung des Sachenrechts im
Verhältnis zum Schuldrecht // AsR 1990.
18. Oertmann P. Das Problem der relativen Rechtszustandigkeit // Jherings Jahrbucher fuer die Dogmatik des
buergerlichen Rechts. 1916. Bd. 30.
19. Savigny F.C. System des heutigen roemischen Recht. Berlin, 1840. Bd.1.
20. Wieacker F. Bodenrecht. Hamburg, 1938.
21. Foëx B. Le “numerus clausus” des droit reel en matière mobilière. Lausanne, 1987.
22. Koziol H., Welser R. Buergerliches Recht. Wien, 2006.
23. Gert I. Buergerliche Recht. Bd. IV. Sachenrecht. Wien, 2008.
24. Planiol M., Ripert G. Traitie Pratique de droit civil francais. 1 est. Paris, 1926.
25. Strickler Y. Les biens. Paris, 2006.
26. Zenati-Castaing F., Revet T. Les biens. Paris, 2006.
27. Akkermans B. The Principle of Numerus Clausus in European Property Law. Oxford, 2008.
28. Wiegand W. Numerus clausus der dinglichen Rechte. Zur Entstehung und Bedeutung eines zentralen zivilrechtlichen
Dogmas // europdischer Rechtsgeschichte, Festschrift Karl Kroeschell, Rechtshistorische Reihe vol. 60. Frankfurt am
Main, 1987.
29. Schoshinski R.S. American Law of Landlord and Tenant. New York, 1980.
30. Smith R. J. Property law. London-New York. 1998.
31. Wendt O. H. Lehrbuch der Pandekten. Jena, 1888.

Abstract: The article covers attitudes towards insurance within the framework of Sharia under Palestinian law. The author states that Muslim fakihs differ in opinion concerning insurance. Some of them contend that Islam completely forbids insurance, others think insurance is allowed, still others approach a position supporting some kinds of insurance and denying others.
Key words: comparative law, insurance, life insurance, property insurance, Sharia, Palestine, gambling, “dubious contracts”, Islamic legislation

Contact information: Kersh Mahdi Hasan, jzsp@izak.ru

Abstract: The article deals with certain aspects of legal environment of real estate in Finland. The author studies Finnish legislation on real estate and procedure for registration of the title.
Key words: comparative studies, real estate, registration, cadastre, code, district, court, leasehold, list, titles
Contact the author:
Bahanenka Uladzimir Antonavich
redictoryandex.ru