Reference:
Pererva E.V., Sitnikov A.V..
Paleopathological peculiarities of the population of timber-grave (Srubnaya) culture of the Late Bronze Age originating from the burials of Archedino-Chernushensky Kurgan group
// History magazine - researches. – 2020. – ¹ 6.
– P. 1-14.
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Abstract: Skeletal remains from the burials of timber-grave period of the Late Bronze Age originating from kurgans of the Archedino-Chernushensky group served as the material for this research. The archaeological monument is located in the territory of the Frolovsky Municipal District of Volgograd Oblast. The remains of 12 individuals (6 adults, 4 children, and 2 adolescents) were explored. In the course of this research, the author applied the method of account for the occurrence of discretely varying traits on the skull and bones of postcranial skeleton, as well as evaluation program for dissemination of pathological characteristic developed by the national researchers A. A. Movsesyan, E. V. Pererva, A. P. Buzhilova. The archaeological explorations of group Archedino-Chernushensky Kurgan group were carried out in 2020. Therefore, the acquired anthropological materials are introduced into the scientific discourse for the first time. The author was able to establish that the equal number of children and adult burials can be attributed to timber-grave period. The examined skeletal remains of the Late Bronze Age of the Lower Volga Region demonstrate the signs of episodic stress (enamel hypoplasia) and distribution of diseases related to the deficiency of microelements in the body (porosis of the diaphysis in individuals who did not reach the age of puberty). The records of such type of deviations on anthropological materials of deviations indicates chronic stress associated with systematic occurrences of famine, which is natural for the population of the Late Bronze Age of the Lower Volga Region, who were involved in mixed farming. The excavations reveal the series of injuries of household and battle nature among adult population. The prevalent burial method of timber-grave culture Archedino-Chernushensky Kurgan group of appears to be the cremation ritual.
Keywords: stress, traumas, paleopathology, Late Bronze Age, Lover Volga river rigion, mound group, srubnay culture, cremation, skulls, burials
References:
Lukacs J.R. Epidemiology of enamel hypoplasia in deciduous teeth: Explaining variation in prevalence in Western India [Text] / J.R. Lukacs, S.R. Walimbe, Br. Floyd // American Journal of Human Biology. –Vol. 13. – Issue 6. –November/December 2001. – P. 788–807.
Holck P. Cremated bones. [Text] / P. Holck. Oslo. 1996. – 163 p.
Larsen C.S. Bioarchaeology: interpreting behavior from the human skeleton [Text] / C.S. Larsen. – Cambridge University Press, 1997. – 461 p.
Goodman A., Rose J.C. Assessment of Systemic Physiological Perturbations From Dental Enamel Hyperplasia's and Associated Histological Structures [Text] / A. Goodman, J.C. Rose // Yearbook of Physical Anthropology. – 1990. – ¹ 33. – P. 59–110.
Hillson S. Teeth. Cambridge manuals in Archaeology [Text] / S. Hillson. – Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986. – 368 p.
Brickley M. Skeletal Manifestations of Infantile Scurvy [Text] / M. Brickley, R. Ives // American Journal of Physical. Anthropology. – 2006. – Vol. 129. – P. 163–172.
Reference:
Pererva E.V..
The Paleopathological Features of the Late Bronze Age Population in the Burial Mounds of the Volgograd Region and the Republic of Kalmykia
// History magazine - researches. – 2019. – ¹ 6.
– P. 107-121.
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Abstract: The article's study is an analysis of the distribution of pathological deviations and stress markers in the Late Bronze Age population found in the burial mounds of the Volgograd Region and the Republic of Kalmykia. A total of 199 bones with varying conservation degrees have been studied. Among these, 113 skeletons belonged to adults, 71 skeletons were of men and 34 were female skeletons. In 6 adult the gender could not be determined. In 88 cases, bone remains belonged to children and adolescents. The study of this group was carried out using a standard technique for fixing pathological and stressful conditions (Buzhilova, 1995, 1998). The analysis of the frequency of pathological conditions and stress markers in the group was carried out by the methods of one-dimensional and multidimensional statistics.As a result of this study, the author established, based on a number of paleoanthropological and paleopathological criteria, that the population of the Late Bronze Age stands out compared to previous historical eras because of the processes of climatic humidization in the Lower Volga region.The author notes a specific paleopathological profile in the population found in the burial mounds from the later epoch.The conducted comparative analysis of the examined group with other groups from the Early and Middle Bronze Age using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test has demonstrated the absence of statistically significant differences in the occurrence and manifestations of mostly pathological signs, indicating that despite the changes in the economic structure (transition to complex economy ), the lifestyle and, consequently, the stress pressure of the Late Bronze Age population did not radically change, compared with previous historical periods.
Keywords: hyperostosis frontalis interna, caries, statistics methods, Lover Volga river rigion, Late Bronze Age, stress, paleopathology, paleoanthropology, trauma, pathological profile
References:
Aristova E.S., Elyasin P.A., Mashak A.N., Zalavina S.V. Osobennosti pishchevykh spetsializatsiy naseleniya barabinskikh stepey epokhi Neolit-Bronza [Tekst] // E.S. Aristova, P.A. Elyasin, A.N. Mashak, S.V. Zalavina Meditsina v obrazovanii. – ¹ 6. – 2014. – S. 19.
Balabanova M.A. K antropologii naseleniya eneolita – ranney bronzy (po materialam mogil'nikov Volgogradskoy oblasti) [Tekst] / M.A. Balabanova // Nizhnevolzhskiy arkheologicheskiy vestnik. – 2016. – T. 15. – ¹ 1. – S. 72–94.
Batieva E.F. Paleodemografiya Podon'ya i priazov'ya (epokha bronzy) [Tekst] / E.F. Batieva // Vestnik antropologii. – ¹15. – 2007. – S. 236-245.
Batieva E.F. Antropologicheskie materialy iz srubnykh pogrebeniy mezhdurech'ya Dona i Chira [Tekst] / E.F. Batieva // Sharafutdinova E.S., Zhitnikov V.G. Kurgannye mogil'niki rannesrubnoy kul'tury na Verkhnem Chiru. SPBGU. – 2011. – S. 162-176.
Buzhilova A.P. Drevnee naselenie (paleopatologicheskie issledovaniya). [Tekst] / A.P. Buzhilova M.: 1995. – 189 s.
Buzhilova A.P. Paleopatologiya v bioreologicheskikh reko
Reference:
Dmitriev I..
The Emigré Magazine "Rubezh" as a Source on the Anthropology of the Russian Diaspora's Fashion in the 1930-1940
// History magazine - researches. – 2019. – ¹ 5.
– P. 102-112.
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Abstract: The focus of this article is placed on the literary magazine Rubezh, published in Harbin from 1926 to 1945. The article's aim is to determine the value of this publication as a source on the history of the development of the global fashion industry in the 1930s - 1940s. In order to achieve the set goal, the author analyzes a wide range of publications by the Rubezh devoted to fashion topics (articles on men's and women's fashion with illustrations and photographs; tips on needlework, makeup, face and body care, etc.; advertisements of manufacturers and traders of clothing and accessories) by identifying the relationships between fashion trends and the socio-political and economic processes of this period. The article pays particular attention to the study of the fashion industry in Harbin in the context of examining the anthropology of Russian diaspora's fashion. To obtain the most objective and representative research results, the author relied on the methods of historicism, objectivity, integrity, and comparative analysis while conducting this research. The scientific novelty of this article lies in the fact that, for the first time in historiography, a comprehensive analysis of the émigré magazine "Rubezh" has been conducted, considering it as a source on the history of fashion in general, and on the anthropology of Russian diaspora in particular. During the course of this work, the author came to the conclusion that the materials of Rubezh help to recreate a retrospective picture of the development of the global fashion industry in the 1930s - 1940s. and serve as a serious aid in the study of the unique socio-cultural phenomenon of Russian Harbin.
Keywords: Russian Diaspora, Russian emigartion, fashion trends, global fashion industry, history of fashion, Rubezh magazine, print media of the Russian Diaspora, fashion anthropology, Russian Harbin, emigre press
References:
Barkova O.N. Literaturnaya i zhurnalistskaya deyatel'nost' zhenshchin russkogo zarubezh'ya. 1917-1939 gg. // Voprosy istorii. 2014. ¹ 5. S. 75-83.
Ablova N.E. KVZhD i rossiyskaya emigratsiya v Kitae: mezhdunarodnye i politicheskie aspekty istorii (pervaya polovina XX v.). M.: NP ID «Russkaya panorama», 2004. 432 s.
Ves' Kharbin na 1923 god. Adresnaya i spravochnaya kniga g. Kharbina / Pod red. S.T. Ternavskogo. Kharbin: Ves' Kharbin, 1923. 336 s.
Dubinina N.I., Tsypkin Yu.N. Ob osobennostyakh dal'nevostochnoy vetvi rossiyskoy emigratsii: (Na materialakh Kharbinskogo komiteta pomoshchi russkim bezhentsam) // Otechestvennaya istoriya. 1996. ¹1. S.70 – 84.
Melikhov G.V. Belyy Kharbin. Seredina 20-kh. M.: Russkiy put', 2003. 438 s.
Khuytszyun' Ch. Periodicheskaya pechat', izdavavshayasya v Kitae vykhodtsami iz Rossii. [Elektronnyy resurs]. – URL: http://russian.china.org.cn/russian/56085.htm (data obrashcheniya 02.06.2019).
Kaufman E.S. K 10-letiyu izdaniya zhurnala // Rubezh. 1938. ¹ 13. S. 1–2.
Lyutova N.K. Dal'nevostochnyy zhurnal «Rubezh» // Zhurnaly Sibir
Reference:
Tribunskikh N.I..
The Image of Physical Suffering in the Regional Periodical Press of the USSR in the mid-1950s: the Political and Ideological Context
// History magazine - researches. – 2018. – ¹ 4.
– P. 110-122.
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Abstract: The article is focused on the topic of the representation of human corporeality in Soviet periodical editions. The relevance of this study is founded on the fact that corporality and its key feature as a social construct are exposed to the external influences of socio-political institutions and, in turn, they themselves influence the formation of individual and collective values. On the example of the sources from the central Voronezh newspaper "Molodoy Kommunar", the author analyses the most common images of physical suffering (illness, mutilation, death) and their political and ideological content as a means of influencing the public consciousness. The central place in this study is occupied by M. Foucault's postmodernist concept of power which regards the human body as an object of social control, placed in special disciplinary spaces and subject to constant external influence, including through mass media. The presented work is of an interdisciplinary nature, as it integrates the methods of discourse analysis, cognitive history, and historical visualistics. The scientific novelty of this article lies in its recourse to conduct an analysis of the history of corporality through an examination of the provincial periodical press as its main source. The author introduces into scientific cirrculation previously unused text and illustrated material. The author comes to the conclusion that the representation of suffering as a physical feature was of an ideological nature. Within the framework of the becoming of Soviet indoctrination, the formation of a lasting stereotype of the socialist system's superiority over the capitalist one played an important role. This is why the author pays special attention to the sources' contrasting images of the physical perfection of Soviet citizens with the bodily defects of the other peoples which were affected by the policy of the countries from the imperialist camp. The author also demonstrates how the positive image of Soviet medicine was used for the implementation of the strategy of state control over the corporality of citizens.
Keywords: death, disease, suffering, social engineering, visual history, history of the body, body, medicine, public health, periodical press
References:
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Senkevich A. V. Telesnost' kak faktor stradaniya // Izvestiya Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta. - 2012. - ¹ 3 (67). - S. 12-15.
Slanichka S. Istoriya tela: novye napravleniya istoricheskikh issledovaniy // Yaroslavskiy pedagogicheskiy vestnik.- 2003. - ¹ 3 (36).- S. 166-170.
Sokolov A. B. Istoriya tela: predposylki stanovleniya novogo napravleniya v istoriografii // Dialog so vremenem. Al'manakh intellektual'noy istorii.- 2009.- Vypusk 26.- S. 190-211.
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