Abstract: The object this research is the works of the Russian liturgical scholars who systematized the source material on the history of typikon (liturgical charter). The subject of this research is the approaches towards studying the charter as a holistic phenomenon – the system that combines the daily, seven-day, and annual (fixed and movable) circles in the Byzantine liturgical tradition. Having refused to consider the charter from the explanatory and edificatory perspectives and trying to research the historical-liturgical monuments in their development, the liturgists systematized liturgical material and examined it in the historical-critical and “historical-genetic” context. The Russian liturgists offered a classification of the types of liturgical charters, distinguishing the cathedral and monastic types, as well as differentiating the worship service of the desert-dwelling and city-dwelling monks. The scientists also developed a periodization of the charter from ancient forms to printed versions. In the works of N. F. Odintsov, I. D. Mansvetov, A. A. Dmitrievsky, I. A. Karabinov, archpriest M. Lisitsyn, M. N. Skaballanovich and others, the liturgical charter is described not as a uniform text, but as a system that has developed over centuries, marking its development stages in Byzantium and Rus’. The novelty of this research consists in determination of the key characteristics of the historical-liturgical scientific direction. The analysis is based on the works of Russian liturgists dedicated to the history of the typikon. The examination of sources on the history of the typikon, as well as the hypotheses advanced by the scholars, allow viewing the history of its formation as a holistic phenomenon, and forego the traditional view of the existing form of worship as historically consistent. The conclusion is made that examination of the history of liturgical charter prompted the use of synchronic and diachronic methods in the study of sources, encouraging scholars to hypothetical constructions and opening new vectors for further development of liturgics as a scientific discipline.

Keywords: Alexey Dmitrievsky, Michail Skaballanovich, Typikon of the Great Church, Typikon of the Anastasis, Neo-Sabaite Synthesis, Jerusalem Typikon, Studite Typikon, Typikon, regulation of worship, Ivan Karabinov

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