Abstract: The article is devoted to the concept of the national payment system. Based on the system-activity approach, Surdeev offers his own definition of national payment system. In addition, he studies the national payment system in terms of applicable methods of cashless payment during fund transfers. The researcher notes that technological processes and global trends in the development of payment systems lead to the complication of the payment infrastructure. As a result, NPS subjects process remittance information and perform clearing and settlements between final payers and recipient of funds faster. For the first time in the academic literature the contents of payment services have been clearly described. One of such services is the fund transfer directly related to cashless transactions. In the course of preparing for and conducting the research, Surodeev has used general research methods (generalization, deduction, abstraction and experiment) and special research methods (legal modeling). The main results and scientific novelty of the research are: 1) the author's definition of the Russian Federation national payment system based on the system-activity approach; 2) the research of the contents of the Russian Federation national payment system in conjunction with applicable methods of cashless payment during fund transfers. 

Keywords: payment infrastructure, payment instruments, payment service, cashless transaction, money transfer, NPS subjects, national payment system (NPS), system-activity approach, fund transfer, payment system

References:
Grazhdanskiy kodeks Rossiyskoy Federatsii (chast' vtoraya) ot 26.01.1996 № 14-FZ (red. ot 29.06.2015) // SZ RF. 1996. № 5. St. 410.
SZ RF. 1999. № 29. St. 3697.
Operator po priemu platezhey - platezhnyy agent - yuridicheskoe litso, zaklyuchivshee s postavshchikom dogovor ob osushchestvlenii deyatel'nosti po priemu platezhey fizicheskikh lits (p. 4 st. 2 Federal'nogo zakona № 103-FZ).
SZ RF. 2009. N 23. St. 2758.
Surodeev Yu.V. Osobennosti pravovogo regulirovaniya deyatel'nosti bankovskikh platezhnykh agentov (subagentov) i platezhnykh agentov // Bankovskoe pravo. 2015. № 4. S. 54 - 61.
Protasov V.N. Pravootnoshenie kak sistema. M.: Yurid. lit., 1991. S. 22-23.
Komarov A.A. Sub'ekty rossiyskikh platezhnykh sistem: pravovye osnovy statusa // Finansovoe pravo. 2014. N 7. S. 38.
Payment System Directive 2007/64/EC https://www.ecb.europa.eu
Baydukova N.V. Metodologiya formirovaniya i funktsionirovaniya platezhnoy sistemy: dis. … dokt. ekon. nauk. SPb., 2007. S. 8.
Polishchuk S.A. Natsional'naya platezhnaya sistema: ekonomicheskaya effektivnost' i bezopasnost': dis. ... kand. ekon. nauk. M., 2006. S. 16.
General guidance for national payment system development. CPSS BIS, January, 2006 / Per.: Obshchee rukovodstvo po razvitiyu natsional'noy platezhnoy sistemy. Bank Rossii // Platezhnye i raschetnye sistemy. 2008. Vyp. 3.
SZ RF. 2011. № 27. st. 3872.
SZ RF. 2011. № 27. St. 3873.
Zaklyuchenie Komiteta po finansovomu rynku Gosudarstvennoy dumy Rossiyskoy Federatsii ot 09.12.2010 «Na proekt Federal'nogo zakona № 455931-5 «O natsional'noy platezhnoy sisteme» // Spravochno-pravovaya sistema «Konsul'tantPlyus».

References (transliteration):
Grazhdanskiy kodeks Rossiyskoy Federatsii (chast' vtoraya) ot 26.01.1996 № 14-FZ (red. ot 29.06.2015) // SZ RF. 1996. № 5. St. 410.
SZ RF. 1999. № 29. St. 3697.
Operator po priemu platezhey - platezhnyy agent - yuridicheskoe litso, zaklyuchivshee s postavshchikom dogovor ob osushchestvlenii deyatel'nosti po priemu platezhey fizicheskikh lits (p. 4 st. 2 Federal'nogo zakona № 103-FZ).
SZ RF. 2009. N 23. St. 2758.
Surodeev Yu.V. Osobennosti pravovogo regulirovaniya deyatel'nosti bankovskikh platezhnykh agentov (subagentov) i platezhnykh agentov // Bankovskoe pravo. 2015. № 4. S. 54 - 61.
Protasov V.N. Pravootnoshenie kak sistema. M.: Yurid. lit., 1991. S. 22-23.
Komarov A.A. Sub'ekty rossiyskikh platezhnykh sistem: pravovye osnovy statusa // Finansovoe pravo. 2014. N 7. S. 38.
Payment System Directive 2007/64/EC https://www.ecb.europa.eu
Baydukova N.V. Metodologiya formirovaniya i funktsionirovaniya platezhnoy sistemy: dis. … dokt. ekon. nauk. SPb., 2007. S. 8.
Polishchuk S.A. Natsional'naya platezhnaya sistema: ekonomicheskaya effektivnost' i bezopasnost': dis. ... kand. ekon. nauk. M., 2006. S. 16.
General guidance for national payment system development. CPSS BIS, January, 2006 / Per.: Obshchee rukovodstvo po razvitiyu natsional'noy platezhnoy sistemy. Bank Rossii // Platezhnye i raschetnye sistemy. 2008. Vyp. 3.
SZ RF. 2011. № 27. st. 3872.
SZ RF. 2011. № 27. St. 3873.
Zaklyuchenie Komiteta po finansovomu rynku Gosudarstvennoy dumy Rossiyskoy Federatsii ot 09.12.2010 «Na proekt Federal'nogo zakona № 455931-5 «O natsional'noy platezhnoy sisteme» // Spravochno-pravovaya sistema «Konsul'tantPlyus».

Abstract: The article reviews the currently existing approaches towards banking law. The author gives proof of the reasonability of demarcating between two spheres of public control in banking law –public banking law and private banking law. The subject analyzed in the article is social relations that have to do with public banking law. The author determines the subject of public banking law and the methods of legal regulations specific for public banking law. He also demarcates the sphere of social relations that are regulated by the norms of public banking law and determines the system of public banking law. The author uses the method of comparing laws, as well as methods of analysis and synthesis, which allows him to come to the following conclusions: the specifics of banking activity, the role of credit institutions in modern economy and several peculiarities of their relations with creditors – first of all, with depositors – bring to life the necessity of considerable public interference in the activity of credit institutions. He also notes that public legal norms form the basis of up-to-date regulations of banking activities.

Keywords: private banking law, legal regulation, banking, system of banking law, method, subject, public banking law, banking law, social relations, legal norms

References:
Agarkov M.M. Osnovy bankovskogo prava: kurs lektsiy. Uchenie o tsennykh bumagakh: nauchnoe issledovanie. 3-e izd. M., 2005.
Bankovskoe pravo Rossiyskoy Federatsii. Obshchaya chast': Uchebnik / Pod obshch. red. B.N. Topornina. – M., Yurist, 1999.
Bankovskoe pravo Rossiyskoy Federatsii: ucheb.posobie/otv. red. E.Yu. Gracheva. – M.: Norma, 2008.
Bankovskiy kodeks Respubliki Belarus' // SPS «Garant».
Belov V.A. Bankovskoe pravo Rossii: teoriya, zakonodatel'stvo, praktika: Yuridicheskie ocherki. – M.: Uchebno-konsul'tatsionnyy tsentr «YurInfoR», 2000.
Bratko A.G. Zaprety v sovetskom prave. Saratov. 1979.
Gorbunova O.N. Vydelyat' bankovskoe pravo v otdel'nuyu otrasl' prava poka rano // Yuridicheskiy mir. 1998. № 8.
Gurevich I.S. Ocherki sovetskogo bankovskogo prava.-L., 1952.
Efimova L.G. Bankovskoe pravo/ Uchebnoe i prakticheskoe posobie.-M.: Izd-vo "BEK", 1994.
Efimova L.G. Bankovskie sdelki: pravo i praktika. Monografiya. M.: NIMP, 2001.
Oleynik O.M. Osnovy bankovskogo prava: kurs lektsiy / O.M. Oleynik. M.: Yurist', 1997.
Tedeev A.A. Bankovskoe pravo: ucheb. / A.A. Tedeev. M.: Eksmo, 2005.
Teoriya gosudarstva i prava. Kurs lektsiy / Pod red. N.I. Matuzova i A.V. Mal'ko. M.: Yurist', 1997.
Pravovedenie: Uchebnik dlya vuzov/pod red. S.N. Baburina. – M.: Iz-datel'stvo «NORMA», 2003.
Rozhdestvenskaya T.E. Bankovskoe pravo: ucheb. posobie. – M.:, RPA MYu RF, 2006.
Rozhdestvenskaya T.E. Bankovskoe pravo: ucheb. posobie. – M.: Izd. Dom Gos. un-ta – Vysshey shkoly ekonomiki, 2010.
Tikhomirov Yu.A. Publichnoe pravo. Uchebnik.-M:Izd-vo BEK, 1995.
Simanovskiy A.Yu. Bazel'skie printsipy effektivnogo bankovsko-go nadzora i ikh realizatsiya v Rossii // Den'gi i kredit.2001. 31.03.
Spiridonov L.I.. Teoriya gosudarstva i prava: Kurs lektsiy.-SPb: "Sankt-peterburgskaya VShM MVD RF, 1995. – S. 168.
Finansovoe pravo: ucheb. – 3-e izd., pererab. i dop.; otv. red. E.Yu. Gracheva, G.P. Tolstopyatenko. – M.: «Prospekt», 2010.
Finansovoe pravo: uchebnik/otv. red. N.I.Khimicheva. – 4-e izd., pe-rerab. i dop. – M.: Norma, 2008.
Khalfina R.O. Obshchee uchenie o pravootnoshenii. M., 1974; Tkachenko Yu.G. Metodologicheskie voprosy teorii pravootnosheniy. M., 1980.
History of the Basle Committeeandits Membership / Compendium of documents produced by the Basle Committee on Banking Supervision/-Bank for International Settlement, Basle, Switzerland.
Giovanioli M.. A new architecture for the Global Financial Market: Le-gal aspects of international standard setting // In: International monetary law: Is-sues for the New Millenium / Ed. by M. Givanioli. – Oxford University Press Inc., NY., 2000.

References (transliteration):
Agarkov M.M. Osnovy bankovskogo prava: kurs lektsiy. Uchenie o tsennykh bumagakh: nauchnoe issledovanie. 3-e izd. M., 2005.
Bankovskoe pravo Rossiyskoy Federatsii. Obshchaya chast': Uchebnik / Pod obshch. red. B.N. Topornina. – M., Yurist, 1999.
Bankovskoe pravo Rossiyskoy Federatsii: ucheb.posobie/otv. red. E.Yu. Gracheva. – M.: Norma, 2008.
Bankovskiy kodeks Respubliki Belarus' // SPS «Garant».
Belov V.A. Bankovskoe pravo Rossii: teoriya, zakonodatel'stvo, praktika: Yuridicheskie ocherki. – M.: Uchebno-konsul'tatsionnyy tsentr «YurInfoR», 2000.
Bratko A.G. Zaprety v sovetskom prave. Saratov. 1979.
Gorbunova O.N. Vydelyat' bankovskoe pravo v otdel'nuyu otrasl' prava poka rano // Yuridicheskiy mir. 1998. № 8.
Gurevich I.S. Ocherki sovetskogo bankovskogo prava.-L., 1952.
Efimova L.G. Bankovskoe pravo/ Uchebnoe i prakticheskoe posobie.-M.: Izd-vo "BEK", 1994.
Efimova L.G. Bankovskie sdelki: pravo i praktika. Monografiya. M.: NIMP, 2001.
Oleynik O.M. Osnovy bankovskogo prava: kurs lektsiy / O.M. Oleynik. M.: Yurist', 1997.
Tedeev A.A. Bankovskoe pravo: ucheb. / A.A. Tedeev. M.: Eksmo, 2005.
Teoriya gosudarstva i prava. Kurs lektsiy / Pod red. N.I. Matuzova i A.V. Mal'ko. M.: Yurist', 1997.
Pravovedenie: Uchebnik dlya vuzov/pod red. S.N. Baburina. – M.: Iz-datel'stvo «NORMA», 2003.
Rozhdestvenskaya T.E. Bankovskoe pravo: ucheb. posobie. – M.:, RPA MYu RF, 2006.
Rozhdestvenskaya T.E. Bankovskoe pravo: ucheb. posobie. – M.: Izd. Dom Gos. un-ta – Vysshey shkoly ekonomiki, 2010.
Tikhomirov Yu.A. Publichnoe pravo. Uchebnik.-M:Izd-vo BEK, 1995.
Simanovskiy A.Yu. Bazel'skie printsipy effektivnogo bankovsko-go nadzora i ikh realizatsiya v Rossii // Den'gi i kredit.2001. 31.03.
Spiridonov L.I.. Teoriya gosudarstva i prava: Kurs lektsiy.-SPb: "Sankt-peterburgskaya VShM MVD RF, 1995. – S. 168.
Finansovoe pravo: ucheb. – 3-e izd., pererab. i dop.; otv. red. E.Yu. Gracheva, G.P. Tolstopyatenko. – M.: «Prospekt», 2010.
Finansovoe pravo: uchebnik/otv. red. N.I.Khimicheva. – 4-e izd., pe-rerab. i dop. – M.: Norma, 2008.
Khalfina R.O. Obshchee uchenie o pravootnoshenii. M., 1974; Tkachenko Yu.G. Metodologicheskie voprosy teorii pravootnosheniy. M., 1980.
History of the Basle Committeeandits Membership / Compendium of documents produced by the Basle Committee on Banking Supervision/-Bank for International Settlement, Basle, Switzerland.
Giovanioli M.. A new architecture for the Global Financial Market: Le-gal aspects of international standard setting // In: International monetary law: Is-sues for the New Millenium / Ed. by M. Givanioli. – Oxford University Press Inc., NY., 2000.

Abstract: The subject of the study is constitutional and legal status of the Bank Russia which is investigated as to its potential of the government's anti-crisis policy implementation towards overcoming (minimizing) the crisis in the Russian economy in 2015. The main element in monetary relations in Russia is the banking system which main link is the central bank, but its constitutional and legal status is a topic for ongoing debate. The subject of research is analyzed from the perspective of the development of modern Russian constitutionalism and interrelation of economic and legal phenomena. To examine the status of the Bank of Russia, the study uses a set of research methods: dialectical method, particular social and legal studies, comparative law, systemic methods, etc. The study confirms the conclusion that the central bank is a public authority; this judgment is based on the analysis of the RF Constitution, federal laws, and acts of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. A key feature of the constitutional and legal status of the Central Bank is the fact that the CB is a body dedicated to ensure the sustainability of national currency, especially when Russia faces serious economic trouble.

Keywords: act, law, economics, crisis, bank, Central Bank, Constitution, state, authority, status

References:
Bolotskikh A.A. Printsip nezavisimosti Tsentral'nogo banka kak aktual'naya problema konstitutsionnoy ekonomiki Rossiyskoy Federatsii //Konstitutsionnoe i munitsipal'noe pravo. 2010. № 11. S. 18-20.
Pastushenko E.N. Doktrina i praktika pravotvorcheskoy i pravoprimenitel'noy deyatel'nosti Tsentral'nogo banka Rossiyskoy Federatsii //Leningradskiy yuridicheskiy zhurnal. 2013. №
S. 129-134. 3. Pastushenko E.N., Zemtsov A.S. O pravovom statuse Tsentral'nogo banka Rossiyskoy Federatsii: tendentsii zakonodatel'nogo regulirovaniya i sudebnoy praktiki //Bankovskoe pravo. 2013. № 6. S. 35-41.
Neverova N.V. O novykh kontrol'no-nadzornykh polnomochiyakh Tsentral'nogo banka Rossiyskoy Federatsii //Bankovskoe pravo. 2013. № 6. S. 47-52.
Zamotaeva T.B. Pravovoy status Tsentral'nogo Banka Rossii //Zakony Rossii: opyt, analiz, praktika. 2012. № 2. S. 40-42.
Tosunyan G.A., Vikulin A.Yu. Den'gi i vlast'. Teoriya razdeleniya vlastey i problemy bankovskoy sistemy. M., 2000. S. 14.
Bratko A.G. Tsentral'nyy bank v bankovskoy sisteme Rossii. M., 2001. S. 96.
Bychkov A.I. K voprosu o pravovom statuse Banka Rossii //Gosudarstvennaya vlast' i mestnoe samoupravlenie. 2011. № 8. S. 33-37.
Oleynik O.M. Osnovy bankovskogo prava: Kurs lektsiy. M.: Yurist', 1999. S. 128.
Makarova Ya.M. Problemy pravovogo polozheniya Tsentral'nogo banka Rossiyskoy Federatsii kak yuridicheskogo litsa: Avtoreferat. M., 2001. S. 12.
Pastushenko E.N. Yuridicheskaya doktrina publichnosti statusa Tsentral'nogo banka Rossiyskoy Federatsii //Rossiyskaya yuridicheskaya doktrina v XXI veke: problemy i puti ikh resheniya: Nauch.-praktich. konf-ya (3-4 oktyabrya 2001 g.) //Pod red. A.I. Demidova. Saratov, 2001. S. 172.
Druzhinin D.N., Totskiy M.N. K voprosu o pravovom statuse Tsentral'nogo banka RF //SPS Konsul'tantPlyus.
Sukhanov E.A. Pravovoe regulirovanie bankovskoy deyatel'nosti. M., 1997. S. 25-26.
Kleyn N.I., Chubarov V.V. Pravosposobnost' Tsentral'nogo banka RF //SPS Konsul'tantPlyus.
Mozolin V.P., Lafitskiy V.I. O statuse Rossiyskoy akademii nauk, Banka Rossii i drugikh yuridicheskikh lits v svyazi s proektom novoy redaktsii Grazhdanskogo kodeksa RF //Zakonodatel'stvo i ekonomika. 2011. № 1. S. 5-10.
Tosunyan G.A., Vikulin A.Yu. Antikrizisnye mery i antikrizisnoe zakonodatel'stvo Rossii. Obshchiy kommentariy: Ucheb.-prakt. posobie. M.: ZAO «Olimp-Biznes», 2010. S. 86.
Antroptseva I.O. Obespechenie stabil'nosti i razvitiya natsional'noy platezhnoy sistemy Tsentral'nym bankom Rossiyskoy Federatsii //Bankovskoe pravo. 2011. № 4. S. 25-29.
Komissarova M.V. Sovershenstvovanie pravovogo regulirovaniya primeneniya Bankom Rossii mer v sootvetstvii so stat'ey 74 Federal'nogo zakona «O Tsentral'nom banke Rossiyskoy Federatsii (Banke Rossii)» //Sovremennyy yurist. 2014. № 4 (Oktyabr'-Dekabr'). S. 71-87.
Konovalova M.I. Osnovy pravovogo polozheniya Tsentral'nykh bankov Rossii i Germanii //Finansovoe pravo. 2012. № 5. S. 30-33.

References (transliteration):
Bolotskikh A.A. Printsip nezavisimosti Tsentral'nogo banka kak aktual'naya problema konstitutsionnoy ekonomiki Rossiyskoy Federatsii //Konstitutsionnoe i munitsipal'noe pravo. 2010. № 11. S. 18-20.
Pastushenko E.N. Doktrina i praktika pravotvorcheskoy i pravoprimenitel'noy deyatel'nosti Tsentral'nogo banka Rossiyskoy Federatsii //Leningradskiy yuridicheskiy zhurnal. 2013. №
S. 129-134. 3. Pastushenko E.N., Zemtsov A.S. O pravovom statuse Tsentral'nogo banka Rossiyskoy Federatsii: tendentsii zakonodatel'nogo regulirovaniya i sudebnoy praktiki //Bankovskoe pravo. 2013. № 6. S. 35-41.
Neverova N.V. O novykh kontrol'no-nadzornykh polnomochiyakh Tsentral'nogo banka Rossiyskoy Federatsii //Bankovskoe pravo. 2013. № 6. S. 47-52.
Zamotaeva T.B. Pravovoy status Tsentral'nogo Banka Rossii //Zakony Rossii: opyt, analiz, praktika. 2012. № 2. S. 40-42.
Tosunyan G.A., Vikulin A.Yu. Den'gi i vlast'. Teoriya razdeleniya vlastey i problemy bankovskoy sistemy. M., 2000. S. 14.
Bratko A.G. Tsentral'nyy bank v bankovskoy sisteme Rossii. M., 2001. S. 96.
Bychkov A.I. K voprosu o pravovom statuse Banka Rossii //Gosudarstvennaya vlast' i mestnoe samoupravlenie. 2011. № 8. S. 33-37.
Oleynik O.M. Osnovy bankovskogo prava: Kurs lektsiy. M.: Yurist', 1999. S. 128.
Makarova Ya.M. Problemy pravovogo polozheniya Tsentral'nogo banka Rossiyskoy Federatsii kak yuridicheskogo litsa: Avtoreferat. M., 2001. S. 12.
Pastushenko E.N. Yuridicheskaya doktrina publichnosti statusa Tsentral'nogo banka Rossiyskoy Federatsii //Rossiyskaya yuridicheskaya doktrina v XXI veke: problemy i puti ikh resheniya: Nauch.-praktich. konf-ya (3-4 oktyabrya 2001 g.) //Pod red. A.I. Demidova. Saratov, 2001. S. 172.
Druzhinin D.N., Totskiy M.N. K voprosu o pravovom statuse Tsentral'nogo banka RF //SPS Konsul'tantPlyus.
Sukhanov E.A. Pravovoe regulirovanie bankovskoy deyatel'nosti. M., 1997. S. 25-26.
Kleyn N.I., Chubarov V.V. Pravosposobnost' Tsentral'nogo banka RF //SPS Konsul'tantPlyus.
Mozolin V.P., Lafitskiy V.I. O statuse Rossiyskoy akademii nauk, Banka Rossii i drugikh yuridicheskikh lits v svyazi s proektom novoy redaktsii Grazhdanskogo kodeksa RF //Zakonodatel'stvo i ekonomika. 2011. № 1. S. 5-10.
Tosunyan G.A., Vikulin A.Yu. Antikrizisnye mery i antikrizisnoe zakonodatel'stvo Rossii. Obshchiy kommentariy: Ucheb.-prakt. posobie. M.: ZAO «Olimp-Biznes», 2010. S. 86.
Antroptseva I.O. Obespechenie stabil'nosti i razvitiya natsional'noy platezhnoy sistemy Tsentral'nym bankom Rossiyskoy Federatsii //Bankovskoe pravo. 2011. № 4. S. 25-29.
Komissarova M.V. Sovershenstvovanie pravovogo regulirovaniya primeneniya Bankom Rossii mer v sootvetstvii so stat'ey 74 Federal'nogo zakona «O Tsentral'nom banke Rossiyskoy Federatsii (Banke Rossii)» //Sovremennyy yurist. 2014. № 4 (Oktyabr'-Dekabr'). S. 71-87.
Konovalova M.I. Osnovy pravovogo polozheniya Tsentral'nykh bankov Rossii i Germanii //Finansovoe pravo. 2012. № 5. S. 30-33.