Reference:
Kuzina E.S., Silichev D.A..
Ethical philosophy of John Dewey
// Philosophy and Culture. – 2017. – ¹ 5.
– P. 63-77.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2017.5.19748.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0757.2017.5.19748
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Abstract: The subject of this research is the ethical philosophy of John Dewey as a foundation of his liberal sociopolitical philosophy. The American thinker considered morality not a combination of the set norm, but rather a flexible, changeable instrument for creating the value judgments that are capable of making the society better. In Dewey’s opinion, the value judgments are pragmatic and exceptionally practical, and his metaethics is based on the precise demarcation of values and beliefs. Special attention is given to examination of the structure, essence, and functions of the value judgments and beliefs, as well as the role of ethical philosophy within the system of liberal sociopolitical philosophy of the American thinker. The authors also analyze the ethical epistemology of Dewey, which carries pragmatic and contextual character. The following conclusions were made during the course of this work: Dewey believed that the main issue of ethics in the contemporary to him world is associated with the way of structuring the society, rather than the personal decisions; and thus, his ethical philosophy is not an independent system, but a foundation of sociopolitical philosophy. His instrumentalist and exceptionally pragmatic ethical philosophy is focused on structuring of the social institutions, which affect the ability of people to render the reasonable moral judgments. The latter, according to Dewey, is in need for constant restructuring, and therefore, necessitates the development of “experimental intelligence”. Hence, Dewey’s ethical philosophy manifests as a foundation of his liberal sociopolitical philosophy, and is necessary for comprehending the fundamental bases of the English-American liberal socio-philosophical discourse of the XX century.
Keywords: political philosophy, social philosophy, instrumentalism, Dewey, pragmatism, liberalism, ethics, judgment, value, contextualism
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