Articles of the rubric «Религии и религиозное возрождение»

Gavrilova Yu.V. — The role of religious syncretism in the modern society (№2, 2016)
Balagushkin, Yu. E. — Edward Tiryakian’s Religious Metacultures (№1, 2015)
Kutarev, O. V. — European Neopaganism (№12, 2014)
Savrey, V. Ya. — The Philosophy of Religion in Origen’s Fourth Book ‘On First Principles’ (№8, 2014)
Shults, D. N. — Relation Between the Question about Universals and Different Questions in Christian Philosophy (№10, 2013)
Trofimova, K. P. — Peculiarities of Gypsy Religious Culture In Terms of the Balkans’ Religious Pluralism (№9, 2013)

Contents details

Reference:

Gavrilova Yu.V.. The role of religious syncretism in the modern society // Philosophy and Culture. – 2016. – № 2. – P. 256-261. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2016.2.17812.

rubric Религии и религиозное возрождение

DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2016.2.17812

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

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Abstract: The spiritual sphere of society is being subjected to the transformation process in modern conditions of its existence. The structure and function of both individual religions, and whole religious systems change the most actively. The main features of the present stage of the evolution of religion is its total syncretization, involving changes in the specificity of traditional, classical functions of religion. The article examines the functioning of religious syncretism at the present stage of development of society. It is noted that the syncretic religions perform all the functions of “clean” non-syncretic religions, but supplement them with a number of features. The author analyses the specific character of impact of religious syncretism on various spheres of social and spiritual life. The article reveals some peculiarities of manifestation of religious syncretism in multiethnic regions.The study of religious syncretism of functions is based on a functional approach. Attention is drawn to the fact that syncretism should be considered both as a process and as a result of this process. Therefore, the specificity of functioning of syncretic religions can be revealed by using the method of comparative analysis. Comparative approach allows comparing the functioning of religious syncretism in different conditions of its manifestation. The social role of syncretic religions emerges from functions of religious syncretism. The study of functions of religious syncretism allows concluding that religious syncretism influence on our society both positively and negatively. This feature of religious syncretism functioning in the modern conditions of society’s existence arises from factors of its origin, terms of its manifestation, and various forms of existence. It concludes that syncretization of religions in modern society increases, and the processes of formation and dissimination of syncretic religious teachings and cults acquire total character.

References:
Usama as-Sayyid Makhmud al'-Azkhari Yavnaya istina, v otvet tem, kto igraet s religiey i prikryvaetsya eyu, ekstremistskim techeniyam (ot «Brat'ev-Musul'man» do IGIL) s tochki zreniya islamskikh uchenykh. Perevod s arabskogo. – Kazan' – 2015. – 100 s.
Urbanaeva I.S. Buddizm, khristianstvo i shamanizm: rol' religioznogo faktora v protsesse globalizatsii i osnovy vzaimoponimaniya traditsionnykh konfessiy Baykal'skogo regiona. // Mir buddiyskoy kul'tury: Materialy mezhdunarodnogo simpoziuma. 10-14 sentyabrya 2001 g. Ulan-Ude – Aginskoe – Ulan-Ude – Chita. – Chita: Izd-vo ZabGPU. – 2001. – S. 192 – 207.
Toynbi A. Postizhenie istorii. – M.: Progress. – 1991. – 736 s.
Torchinov E. A. Daossko-buddiyskoe vzaimodeystvie (teoretiko-metodologicheskie problemy issledovaniya). Narody Azii i Afriki. – 1988. – № 2. – S.48 – 51.
Torchinov E. A. Kitayskaya kartina mira i buddizm (k voprosu o kharaktere vzaimodeystviya kul'tur Kitaya i Indii). Istoriya filosofii, kul'tura i mirovozzrenie. K 60-letiyu professora A.S. Kolesnikova. – SPb.: Sankt-Peterburgskoe filosofskoe obshchestvo. – 2000. // http://www.torchinov.com/
Semenov Yu. V. «Etnicheskoe i konfessional'noe kak problema issledovaniya» // Izvestiya Rossiyskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta im. A. I. Gertsena. – № 101. – 2009. – S.91 – 97.
Kudryashov G. E. Dinamika polisinkreticheskoy religioznosti. Opyt istoriko-etnograficheskogo i konkretnogo sotsiologicheskogo issledovaniya genezisa, evolyutsii i otmiraniya perezhitkov chuvashey. – Cheboksary: Chuvashskoe knizhnoe izd-vo – 1974. – 355 s.
Kapustin N. S. Osobennosti evolyutsii, religii (na materialakh drevnikh verovaniy i khristianstva). – M.: Mysl' – 1984. – 222 s.
Zhukovskaya N. L. Kochevniki Mongolii: Kul'tura. Traditsii. Simvolika. – M.: Izd-vo vost. lit-ry. – 2002. – 248 s.
Zhukovskaya N. L.Na perekrestke trekh religiy (iz istorii dukhovnoy zhizni buryatskogo sela Tory) // Shamanizm i rannie religioznye predstavleniya. K 90-letiyu doktora istoricheskikh nauk, professora L. P. Potapova / Sbornik statey. Etnologicheskie issledovaniya po shamanstvu i inym rannim verovaniyam i praktikam. – T.1. – M. – 1995. – 272 s. – S. 76-88.
Veber M. Izbrannye proizvedeniya / M. Veber. – M.: Progress – 1990. – 808 s.
Vasil'ev L. S. Kul'ty, religii, traditsii v Kitae. 2-e izd. – M.: Izdatel'skaya firma «Vostochnaya literatura» RAN. – 2001. – 488 s.
Burd'e P. Prakticheskiy smysl / Per. s fr.: A. T. Bikbov, K. D. Voznesenskaya, S. N. Zenkin, N. A. Shmatko; Otv. red. per. i Poslesl. N. A. Shmatko. – SPb.: Aleteyya – 2001. – 562 s.
Abaeva L.L. Buddiyskaya kul'tura: innovatsii i traditsii v evolyutsii religioznykh verovaniy mongol'skikh narodov // Mir Buddiyskoy kul'tury: dukhovnoe nasledie i sovremennost'. Materialy mezhdunarodnoy konferentsii, posvyashchennoy 195-letiyu Aginskogo datsana. 7-8 sentyabrya 2006 g. Chita – Aginskoe – Ulan-Ude – 2006. – S. 164–169.
Ringgren H. Religions of the Ancient Near East. L.: Westminster Press, 1973. 197 p.
Sellers R. Nine global trends in religion // Futurist. – Wash., 1998. Vol. 32. № 1. P.20–25.

References (transliteration):
Usama as-Sayyid Makhmud al'-Azkhari Yavnaya istina, v otvet tem, kto igraet s religiey i prikryvaetsya eyu, ekstremistskim techeniyam (ot «Brat'ev-Musul'man» do IGIL) s tochki zreniya islamskikh uchenykh. Perevod s arabskogo. – Kazan' – 2015. – 100 s.
Urbanaeva I.S. Buddizm, khristianstvo i shamanizm: rol' religioznogo faktora v protsesse globalizatsii i osnovy vzaimoponimaniya traditsionnykh konfessiy Baykal'skogo regiona. // Mir buddiyskoy kul'tury: Materialy mezhdunarodnogo simpoziuma. 10-14 sentyabrya 2001 g. Ulan-Ude – Aginskoe – Ulan-Ude – Chita. – Chita: Izd-vo ZabGPU. – 2001. – S. 192 – 207.
Toynbi A. Postizhenie istorii. – M.: Progress. – 1991. – 736 s.
Torchinov E. A. Daossko-buddiyskoe vzaimodeystvie (teoretiko-metodologicheskie problemy issledovaniya). Narody Azii i Afriki. – 1988. – № 2. – S.48 – 51.
Torchinov E. A. Kitayskaya kartina mira i buddizm (k voprosu o kharaktere vzaimodeystviya kul'tur Kitaya i Indii). Istoriya filosofii, kul'tura i mirovozzrenie. K 60-letiyu professora A.S. Kolesnikova. – SPb.: Sankt-Peterburgskoe filosofskoe obshchestvo. – 2000. // http://www.torchinov.com/
Semenov Yu. V. «Etnicheskoe i konfessional'noe kak problema issledovaniya» // Izvestiya Rossiyskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta im. A. I. Gertsena. – № 101. – 2009. – S.91 – 97.
Kudryashov G. E. Dinamika polisinkreticheskoy religioznosti. Opyt istoriko-etnograficheskogo i konkretnogo sotsiologicheskogo issledovaniya genezisa, evolyutsii i otmiraniya perezhitkov chuvashey. – Cheboksary: Chuvashskoe knizhnoe izd-vo – 1974. – 355 s.
Kapustin N. S. Osobennosti evolyutsii, religii (na materialakh drevnikh verovaniy i khristianstva). – M.: Mysl' – 1984. – 222 s.
Zhukovskaya N. L. Kochevniki Mongolii: Kul'tura. Traditsii. Simvolika. – M.: Izd-vo vost. lit-ry. – 2002. – 248 s.
Zhukovskaya N. L.Na perekrestke trekh religiy (iz istorii dukhovnoy zhizni buryatskogo sela Tory) // Shamanizm i rannie religioznye predstavleniya. K 90-letiyu doktora istoricheskikh nauk, professora L. P. Potapova / Sbornik statey. Etnologicheskie issledovaniya po shamanstvu i inym rannim verovaniyam i praktikam. – T.1. – M. – 1995. – 272 s. – S. 76-88.
Veber M. Izbrannye proizvedeniya / M. Veber. – M.: Progress – 1990. – 808 s.
Vasil'ev L. S. Kul'ty, religii, traditsii v Kitae. 2-e izd. – M.: Izdatel'skaya firma «Vostochnaya literatura» RAN. – 2001. – 488 s.
Burd'e P. Prakticheskiy smysl / Per. s fr.: A. T. Bikbov, K. D. Voznesenskaya, S. N. Zenkin, N. A. Shmatko; Otv. red. per. i Poslesl. N. A. Shmatko. – SPb.: Aleteyya – 2001. – 562 s.
Abaeva L.L. Buddiyskaya kul'tura: innovatsii i traditsii v evolyutsii religioznykh verovaniy mongol'skikh narodov // Mir Buddiyskoy kul'tury: dukhovnoe nasledie i sovremennost'. Materialy mezhdunarodnoy konferentsii, posvyashchennoy 195-letiyu Aginskogo datsana. 7-8 sentyabrya 2006 g. Chita – Aginskoe – Ulan-Ude – 2006. – S. 164–169.
Ringgren H. Religions of the Ancient Near East. L.: Westminster Press, 1973. 197 p.
Sellers R. Nine global trends in religion // Futurist. – Wash., 1998. Vol. 32. № 1. P.20–25.

Reference:

Balagushkin, Yu. E.. Edward Tiryakian’s Religious Metacultures // Philosophy and Culture. – 2015. – № 1. – P. 85-97. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2015.1.10626.

rubric Религии и религиозное возрождение

DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2015.1.10626

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Abstract: In his introductory article to the translation of the work written by an American sociologist and cultural philosopher Edward Tiryakian ‘Three metacultures of modernity: Cristian, Gnostic, Chthonic’, Balagushkin provides a general description of Tiryakian’s creative work (his woks are not that popular in our country) and describes the basic terms and concepts in Tiryakian’s ‘Three metacultures of modernity’ - ‘society of modernity’ and ‘metaculture’. Balagushkin also analyzes the role and the meaning of the phenomenon of culture in Edward Tiryakian’s researches, definition of ‘metaculture’ and functional features of the religious metacultures – Christianity, Gnosticism and Paganism. Based on Tiryakian, the dynamics and variety of cultures are viewed from the point of view of the cultural-historical, functional and structural-analytical approaches and the search for philosophical and anthropological aspects of works by the American philosopher. At the end of the article Balagushkin concludes that Edward Tiryakian’s concept presents an original religion-oriented version of philosophical anthropology where human is the target and actor of changes in culture and society. Human nature is the immanent ground of the socio-cultural dynamics in the historical perspective.

Keywords: Edward Tiryakian, post-modern society, modernity, metaculture, Christianity, Gnosticism, paganism, unorthodox religious views, religious pluralism, human and culture.

References:
Archer, Margaret S. (1990) 'Theory, Culture and Post-industrial Society', Theory, Culture & Society 7: 97-119.
Bosserman, Phillip (1968) Dialectical Sociology. An Analysis of the Sociology of Georges Gurvitch. Boston: Porter Sargent.
Crane, Diana (1992) 'High Culture versus Popular Culture Revisited: A Reconceptualization of Recorded Cultures', pp. 58-74 in Michele Lamont and Marcel Fournier (eds) Cultivating Differences, Symbolic Boundaries and the Making of Inequality. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Dumont, Fernand (1987) Le Sort de la culture. Montreal: l'Hexagone.
Dumont, Fernand (1991) 'Pouvoir sur la culture, pouvoir de la culture', pp. 161-72 in Raymond Hudon and Rejean Pelletier (eds) Eengagement intellectuel. Melanges en Vhonneur de Leon Dion. Sainte-Foy, Quebec: Les Presses de l'Universite Laval.
The Economist (1994) 'Islam and the West' (survey), 6 August.
Featherstone, Mike (1993) 'Global and Local Cultures', pp. 169-87 in Jon Bird et al. (eds) Mapping the Futures: Local Cultures, Global Change. London and New York: Routledge.
Fukuyama, Francis (1989) 'The End of History?' The National Interest 16 (Summer): 3-18.
Jonas, Hans (1963) The Gnostic Religion: The Message of the Alien God and the Beginnings of Christianity. Boston: Beacon Press.
Huntington, Samuel P. (1993) 'The Clash of Civilizations?' Foreign Affairs 72 (Summer): 22-49.
Lellouche, Pierre (1992) Le Nouveau Monde. De Vordre de Yalta au desordre des nations. Paris: Grasset.
Pagels, Elaine (1979) The Gnostic Gospels. New York: Random House.
Parsons, Talcott (1935) 'Service', pp. 672-4 in Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, Vol. 13. New York: Macmillan.
Robertson, Roland (1988) 'The Sociological Significance of Culture: Some General Considerations', Theory Culture & Society 5:3-23.
Swedberg, Richard (1982) Sociology as Disenchantment. The Evolution of the Work of Georges Gurvitch. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanities Press.
Tiryakian, Edward A. (1985) 'The Changing Centers of Modernity', pp. 131-47 in Eric Cohen, M. Lissak and U. Ulmagor (eds) Comparative Social Dynamics: Essays in Honor of Shmuel N. Eisenstadt. Boulder, CO: Westview.
Tiryakian, Edward A. (1972) 'Toward the Sociology of Esoteric Culture', American Journal of Sociology 78(3): 491-512.
Touraine, Alain (1995) Critique of Modernity. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.
Weber, Max (1963) The Sociology of Religion. Boston: Beacon Press.
Wolff, Kurt H. (ed.) (1950) The Sociology of Georg Simmel. New York: Free Press

References (transliteration):
Archer, Margaret S. (1990) 'Theory, Culture and Post-industrial Society', Theory, Culture & Society 7: 97-119.
Bosserman, Phillip (1968) Dialectical Sociology. An Analysis of the Sociology of Georges Gurvitch. Boston: Porter Sargent.
Crane, Diana (1992) 'High Culture versus Popular Culture Revisited: A Reconceptualization of Recorded Cultures', pp. 58-74 in Michele Lamont and Marcel Fournier (eds) Cultivating Differences, Symbolic Boundaries and the Making of Inequality. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Dumont, Fernand (1987) Le Sort de la culture. Montreal: l'Hexagone.
Dumont, Fernand (1991) 'Pouvoir sur la culture, pouvoir de la culture', pp. 161-72 in Raymond Hudon and Rejean Pelletier (eds) Eengagement intellectuel. Melanges en Vhonneur de Leon Dion. Sainte-Foy, Quebec: Les Presses de l'Universite Laval.
The Economist (1994) 'Islam and the West' (survey), 6 August.
Featherstone, Mike (1993) 'Global and Local Cultures', pp. 169-87 in Jon Bird et al. (eds) Mapping the Futures: Local Cultures, Global Change. London and New York: Routledge.
Fukuyama, Francis (1989) 'The End of History?' The National Interest 16 (Summer): 3-18.
Jonas, Hans (1963) The Gnostic Religion: The Message of the Alien God and the Beginnings of Christianity. Boston: Beacon Press.
Huntington, Samuel P. (1993) 'The Clash of Civilizations?' Foreign Affairs 72 (Summer): 22-49.
Lellouche, Pierre (1992) Le Nouveau Monde. De Vordre de Yalta au desordre des nations. Paris: Grasset.
Pagels, Elaine (1979) The Gnostic Gospels. New York: Random House.
Parsons, Talcott (1935) 'Service', pp. 672-4 in Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, Vol. 13. New York: Macmillan.
Robertson, Roland (1988) 'The Sociological Significance of Culture: Some General Considerations', Theory Culture & Society 5:3-23.
Swedberg, Richard (1982) Sociology as Disenchantment. The Evolution of the Work of Georges Gurvitch. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanities Press.
Tiryakian, Edward A. (1985) 'The Changing Centers of Modernity', pp. 131-47 in Eric Cohen, M. Lissak and U. Ulmagor (eds) Comparative Social Dynamics: Essays in Honor of Shmuel N. Eisenstadt. Boulder, CO: Westview.
Tiryakian, Edward A. (1972) 'Toward the Sociology of Esoteric Culture', American Journal of Sociology 78(3): 491-512.
Touraine, Alain (1995) Critique of Modernity. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.
Weber, Max (1963) The Sociology of Religion. Boston: Beacon Press.
Wolff, Kurt H. (ed.) (1950) The Sociology of Georg Simmel. New York: Free Press

Reference:

Kutarev, O. V.. European Neopaganism // Philosophy and Culture. – 2014. – № 12. – P. 1801-1810. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2014.12.13817.

rubric Религии и религиозное возрождение

DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2014.12.13817

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Abstract: Neopaganism is a relatively new phenomenon. This type of new religious movements appeared only in the 19th – 20th century. Today this phenomenon attracts attention in both social life and mass media. Neopaganism is a religion that reconstitutes these or those fragments of pre-Christian religious faiths and is based on the old texts, however, it involves new elements of ecology, esoteric teachings and psycho-practices, humanitarian ethics and etc. Despite the growing scope of the phenomenon in the modern age, scientific review of neo-Paganism is still rather scarce and difficult to understand for a nonspecialist. In his review article Kutarev examines the grounds, main trends and peculiarities of neo-Paganism movements in Europe. He analyzes such traditions as German, Celtic, Finish, Beltian, etc. Special attention is paid to Slavic neo-Paganism and its variants. Besides describing religious faiths themselves, Kutarev focuses on their history, sources, function, etc. The novelty of research is caused by the fact that the author have summarized general features and defined tendencies that were common for neo-paganism as well as analyzed the ways those religious faiths functioned and why they were in such demand. Moreover, the review has allowed to define peculiarities of each neo-Paganism movement in particular. Special emphasis should be made on the differentiation between the terms ‘neo-Paganism’ and ‘Paganism’ for which the author provides evident grounds.

Keywords: European neopaganism, modern paganism, Slavic neopaganism (Rodnovery), asatru, druidism, traditional religions, Slavic religions, new religious movements, polytheism, paganism in Russia.

References:
Anichkov E. V. Yazychestvo i Drevnyaya Rus'. M., 2009.
Barandiaran Kh. M. Baskskaya mifologiya. M., 2009.
Vasil'ev M. A. Retsenziya na Neoyazychestvo na postsovetskom prostranstve // Slavyanovedenie. 2002. № 4.
Gaydukov A. V. Slavyanskoe novoe yazychestvo v Rossii: opyt religiovedcheskogo issledovaniya // Novye religii v Rossii: dvadtsat' let spustya. Materialy mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii. M., 2013. S. 169–180.
Gal'kovskiy N. M. Bor'ba khristianstva s ostatkami yazychestva v Drevney Rusi. M., 2013.
Gal'tsin D. D. Klassicheskie korni vikki. URL: http://www.versacrum.narod.ru/articles/classic.html (data obrashcheniya 18.10.2013).
Gimbutas M. Balty: Lyudi yantarnogo morya. M., 2004.
Kleyn L. S. Voskreshenie Peruna. SPb., 2004.
Kutarev O. V. Drevneslavyanskie zagrobnye predstavleniya i kontseptsiya mnozhestvennosti dush // Acta eruditorum. SPb., 2013. Vyp. 13. S. 21–24.
Kutarev O. V. O nepriyatii slavyanskimi neoyazychnikami nekotorykh aspektov starogo yazychestva // Gertsenovskie chteniya 2012. SPb., 2013. S. 346–348.
Kutarev O. V. Kharakteristika Roda i Rozhanits v slavyanskoy mifologii: interpretatsii B.A. Rybakova i ego predshestvennikov// Religiovedenie. 2013. №4. S. 170–177.
Lovmyanskiy G. Religiya slavyan i ee upadok. SPb., 2003.
Mansikka V. Y. Religiya vostochnykh slavyan. M., 2005.
Neoyazychestvo na prostorakh Evrazii. // Sost., red. V. A. Shnirel'man. M., 2001.
Petrukhin V. Ya. Mify drevney Skandinavii. M., 2002.
Petrukhin V. Ya. Mify finno-ugrov. M., 2005.
Rybakov B. A. Yazychestvo drevnikh slavyan. M., 1981.
Rybakov B. A. Yazychestvo Drevney Rusi. M., 1987.
Ryzhakova S. I. Latyshskoe neoyazychestvo: zametki etnografa. URL: http://www.religio.ru/relisoc/29.html (data obrashcheniya 18.10.2013).
Slavyanskaya mifologiya. Entsiklopedicheskiy slovar'. M., 1995.
Chto dumayut uchenye o “Velesovoy knige”. // Sost. A. A. Alekseev. SPb., 2004.
Shirokova N. S. Mify kel'tskikh narodov. M., 2005.
I.G. Kurganova Novye religioznye dvizheniya
kak ob'ekt religiovedcheskikh issledovaniy:
analiz problematiki // Filosofiya i kul'tura. - 2012. - 5. - C. 96 - 107.

References (transliteration):
Anichkov E. V. Yazychestvo i Drevnyaya Rus'. M., 2009.
Barandiaran Kh. M. Baskskaya mifologiya. M., 2009.
Vasil'ev M. A. Retsenziya na Neoyazychestvo na postsovetskom prostranstve // Slavyanovedenie. 2002. № 4.
Gaydukov A. V. Slavyanskoe novoe yazychestvo v Rossii: opyt religiovedcheskogo issledovaniya // Novye religii v Rossii: dvadtsat' let spustya. Materialy mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii. M., 2013. S. 169–180.
Gal'kovskiy N. M. Bor'ba khristianstva s ostatkami yazychestva v Drevney Rusi. M., 2013.
Gal'tsin D. D. Klassicheskie korni vikki. URL: http://www.versacrum.narod.ru/articles/classic.html (data obrashcheniya 18.10.2013).
Gimbutas M. Balty: Lyudi yantarnogo morya. M., 2004.
Kleyn L. S. Voskreshenie Peruna. SPb., 2004.
Kutarev O. V. Drevneslavyanskie zagrobnye predstavleniya i kontseptsiya mnozhestvennosti dush // Acta eruditorum. SPb., 2013. Vyp. 13. S. 21–24.
Kutarev O. V. O nepriyatii slavyanskimi neoyazychnikami nekotorykh aspektov starogo yazychestva // Gertsenovskie chteniya 2012. SPb., 2013. S. 346–348.
Kutarev O. V. Kharakteristika Roda i Rozhanits v slavyanskoy mifologii: interpretatsii B.A. Rybakova i ego predshestvennikov// Religiovedenie. 2013. №4. S. 170–177.
Lovmyanskiy G. Religiya slavyan i ee upadok. SPb., 2003.
Mansikka V. Y. Religiya vostochnykh slavyan. M., 2005.
Neoyazychestvo na prostorakh Evrazii. // Sost., red. V. A. Shnirel'man. M., 2001.
Petrukhin V. Ya. Mify drevney Skandinavii. M., 2002.
Petrukhin V. Ya. Mify finno-ugrov. M., 2005.
Rybakov B. A. Yazychestvo drevnikh slavyan. M., 1981.
Rybakov B. A. Yazychestvo Drevney Rusi. M., 1987.
Ryzhakova S. I. Latyshskoe neoyazychestvo: zametki etnografa. URL: http://www.religio.ru/relisoc/29.html (data obrashcheniya 18.10.2013).
Slavyanskaya mifologiya. Entsiklopedicheskiy slovar'. M., 1995.
Chto dumayut uchenye o “Velesovoy knige”. // Sost. A. A. Alekseev. SPb., 2004.
Shirokova N. S. Mify kel'tskikh narodov. M., 2005.
I.G. Kurganova Novye religioznye dvizheniya
kak ob'ekt religiovedcheskikh issledovaniy:
analiz problematiki // Filosofiya i kul'tura. - 2012. - 5. - C. 96 - 107.

Reference:

Savrey, V. Ya.. The Philosophy of Religion in Origen’s Fourth Book ‘On First Principles’ // Philosophy and Culture. – 2014. – № 8. – P. 1186-1196. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2014.8.12445.

rubric Религии и религиозное возрождение

DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2014.8.12445

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

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Abstract: The author of the article makes an attempt to explicate the theoretical grounds for the philosophical understanding of religious phenomena by one of the most distinguished philosophers of early Christianity, Origen of Alexandria. Out of all teachers of the School of Alexandria Origen was mostly discussed and debates over him and his works lasted for centuries. He was the author of the greatest number of works in ancient literature and his works had a significant influence on the development of the linguistics of the early Christian theology. One may talk not only about religious philosophy but also about philosophy of religious of both Origen and the fathers although the term ‘religion’ did not have the same meaning at that time. The author of the present article believes Origen’s fourth book ‘On First Principles’ to be the most important for philosophy of religion. Based on his interpretation of the world as a parable and a representation of Logos as the mystery of mysteries, Origen viewed all the historical forms of worshipping God as a sensual intuition of rationally understood truths. Noteworthy that unorthodox attitude of a philosopher to the Christian dogma about Resurrection predetermined the ‘dramaturgical’ nature of his vision of religious life in general.

Keywords: school of Alexandria, On First Principles, Origen, philosophy, religion, hermeneutics, exegetics, Christianity, theology, Bible.

Contact information: Savrey Valery Yakovlevich, 119991, Russia, Moscow, GSP-1, Lomonosovsky per. 27, corp. 4.

References:
Dmitrevskiy V., svyashch. Aleksandriyskaya shkola. Ocherk iz istorii dukhovnogo prosveshcheniya ot I do nachala V veka po R.Kh. Kazan', 1884.
Origen. O nachalakh. SPb.: Amfora, 2007.
Sagarda N.I. Lektsii po patrologii I–IV veka. M., 2004.
Seregin S.V. Apokatastasis i traditsionnaya eskhatologiya u Origena // Vestnik drevney istorii,№ 3 (2003). S. 170-193.
Arnou R. Platonisme des Pères // Dictionnaire de théologie catholique. T. 12, R. 2. Paris, 1935. C. 2258-2392.
Bardenhewer O. Patrology. The Lives and Works of the Father of the Church. Freiburg im Breisgau: Herder, 1908.
Berchman R. From Philo to Origen: Middle Platonism in Transition. Chico: Scholars Press, 1984.
Cadiou R. La jeunesse d’Origène. Histoire de l’École d’Alexandrie au début du III siècle. Paris: Beauchesne, 1934.
Crouzel H. Origen // Encyclopedia of the Early Church. Vol. 1. Oxford: University Press, 1992.
Crouzel H. Origene // Dictionnaire de spiritualité. T.
Paris, 1982. P. 933-961. 11.Fairweather M.A. Origen and Greek Patristic Theology. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1901.
Hanson R.P. Allegory and Event: A Study on the Sources of Origen’s Interpretation of Scripture. London: SCM, 1959.
Langerbeck H. The Philosophy of Ammonius Saccas and the Connection of Aristotelian and Christian Elements Therein // Journal of Helenic Studies. 1957. Vol. 77. Part 1.
Origenes. De principiis / ed. J. P. Migne. PG vol. 11.
Radford M.A. Three Teachers of Alexandria: Theognostus, Pierius and Peter. Cambridge: University Press, 1908.
Redepenning E.R. Origenes. Eine Darstellung seines Lebens und seiner Lehre. Bonn, 1841.
Young F.M. Biblical Exegesis and the Formation of Christian Culture. Cambridge, 1997.

References (transliteration):
Dmitrevskiy V., svyashch. Aleksandriyskaya shkola. Ocherk iz istorii dukhovnogo prosveshcheniya ot I do nachala V veka po R.Kh. Kazan', 1884.
Origen. O nachalakh. SPb.: Amfora, 2007.
Sagarda N.I. Lektsii po patrologii I–IV veka. M., 2004.
Seregin S.V. Apokatastasis i traditsionnaya eskhatologiya u Origena // Vestnik drevney istorii,№ 3 (2003). S. 170-193.
Arnou R. Platonisme des Pères // Dictionnaire de théologie catholique. T. 12, R. 2. Paris, 1935. C. 2258-2392.
Bardenhewer O. Patrology. The Lives and Works of the Father of the Church. Freiburg im Breisgau: Herder, 1908.
Berchman R. From Philo to Origen: Middle Platonism in Transition. Chico: Scholars Press, 1984.
Cadiou R. La jeunesse d’Origène. Histoire de l’École d’Alexandrie au début du III siècle. Paris: Beauchesne, 1934.
Crouzel H. Origen // Encyclopedia of the Early Church. Vol. 1. Oxford: University Press, 1992.
Crouzel H. Origene // Dictionnaire de spiritualité. T.
Paris, 1982. P. 933-961. 11.Fairweather M.A. Origen and Greek Patristic Theology. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1901.
Hanson R.P. Allegory and Event: A Study on the Sources of Origen’s Interpretation of Scripture. London: SCM, 1959.
Langerbeck H. The Philosophy of Ammonius Saccas and the Connection of Aristotelian and Christian Elements Therein // Journal of Helenic Studies. 1957. Vol. 77. Part 1.
Origenes. De principiis / ed. J. P. Migne. PG vol. 11.
Radford M.A. Three Teachers of Alexandria: Theognostus, Pierius and Peter. Cambridge: University Press, 1908.
Redepenning E.R. Origenes. Eine Darstellung seines Lebens und seiner Lehre. Bonn, 1841.
Young F.M. Biblical Exegesis and the Formation of Christian Culture. Cambridge, 1997.

Reference:

Shults, D. N.. Relation Between the Question about Universals and Different Questions in Christian Philosophy // Philosophy and Culture. – 2013. – № 10. – P. 1470-1478. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2013.10.9785.

rubric Религии и религиозное возрождение

DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2013.10.9785

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

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Abstract: The article is devoted to formation of Christian doctrines from the point of view of the medieval debate about universals. As a result of this research, it has been established that the categories of the general and particular are the corner stone for Christian theology, anthropology, soteriology and ecclesiasiology. It is shown that during formation of the religious teaching about the Trinity, Christian authors tried to avoid extremities of Realism and Nominalism in philosophy as well as extremities of absolute monotheism and polytheism in theology. As a result specific views on personality was formed and provided the basis for Christian anthropology. Different Christian doctrines about salvation can be also described as the consequence of different philosophies, for example, Catholic and Orthodox doctrines are the result of Realism paradigms and Protestant doctrine is the result of Nominalism. And finally, in the teaching about church Catholic and Orthodox positions are absolutely opposing to each other: the former is supported by Realism and the latter is supported by Nominalism. Therefore, it is very well explained by the author of the article why the debate about universals plaid such an important role in medieval philosophy. In fact, the question about the relation between the general and the particular created philosophical basis for formation of all Christian dogmata.

Keywords: Christian philosophy, debates about universals, Medieval philosophy, personality, teaching about the Trinity, teaching about church, teaching about salvation, Christology, patristics, the general and the particular.

Contact information: Shults Dmitry Nikolaevich, 614000, Russia, Perm, ul. Bukireva 15.

References:
Richardus S. Victoris. De Trinitate Libri Sex // PL. V.196. Col. 0887-0992B. Paris, 1855
Aristotel'. Sochineniya v chetyrekh tomakh. – M.: Mysl', 1976.
Afanasiy Velikiy. 4 poslaniya k Serapionu // Tvoreniya izhe vo svyatykh ottsa nashego Afanasiya Velikago, Arkhiepiskopa Aleksandriyskago. Chast' tret'ya. – M.: Svyato-Troitskaya Sergeeva Lavra, 1903. C. 3 – 91.
Boetsiy. «Uteshenie filosofiey» i drugie traktaty. – M.: Izdatel'stvo LKI, 2010. S.416.
Vasiliy Velikiy. Protiv Evnomiya // Tvoreniya: v 2 t. Tom pervyy. – M.: Sibirskaya blagozvonnitsa, 2008. S.169 – 319.
Grigoriy Bogoslov. Slova // Tvoreniya. T.1. – M.: Sibirskaya blagozvonnitsa, 2007. S.896.
Platon. Sobranie sochineniy v 4 t. – M.: Mysl', 1990.
Porfiriy. Vvedenie k «Kategoriyam» Aristotelya // Aristotel'. Kategorii. – M.: Gosudarstvennoe sotsial'no-ekonomicheskoe izdatel'stvo, 1939. S.84.
Tertullian. Protiv Prakseya // Tvoreniya Tertulliana. Chast' chetvertaya. – SPb, 1850. S.127-198.
Foma Akvinskiy. Summa teologii. – Kiev: Nika-Tsentr, 2002-2013
Armstrong A.Kh. Istoki khristianskogo bogosloviya. Vvedenie v antichnuyu filosofiyu. – SPb.: Izdatel'stvo Olega Abyshko, 2006. S.256.
Berkkhov L. Istoriya khristianskikh doktrin. – SPb.: Bibliya dlya vsekh, 2000. S.320.
Biryukov D.S. Problema universaliy v vizantiyskoy filosofii. – SPb.: GUAP, 2011. S.28
Bredshou D. Aristotel' na Vostoke i na Zapade: Metafizika i razdelenie khristianskogo mira. – M.: Yazyki slavyanskikh kul'tur, 2012. S.384
Gribanovskiy M. Lektsii po vvedeniyu v krug bogoslovskikh nauk. – Kiev: Prolog, 2003. S.252.
Zavershinskiy G. Bogoslovie dialoga: otnoshenie lyudey v veshchestvennom mire // Tserkov' i vremya, №2 (51), 2010. S.195 – 208.
Zavershinskiy G. Bogoslovie dialoga: trinitarnyy podkhod // Tserkov' i vremya, №2 (31), 2005. S.62 – 77.
Ziziulas I. Bytie kak obshchenie: ocherki o lichnosti i Tserkvi. – M.: Svyato-Filaretovskiy pravoslavno-khristianskiy institut, 2006. S.280.
Zotov A.F. Sovremennaya zapadnaya filosofiya. – M.: Vysshaya shkola, 2005. S.781.
Karsavin L.P. Svyatye Ottsy i Uchitelya Tserkvi. – M.: Izd-vo MGU, 1994. S.176.
Kontseptsii chelovecheskoy lichnosti v bogoslovii i religioznom soznanii Novogo i Noveyshego vremeni. – M.: IVI RAN, 2008. S.189.
Koplston F. Istoriya filosofii. Srednie veka. – M.: 2003. S.494.
Kurt F. Bog troichnoy lyubvi. – M.: Khristianskaya Rossiya, 2010. S.320.
Losskiy V.N. Bogoslovskoe ponyatie chelovecheskoy lichnosti // Bogovidenie. – Minsk: Belorusskiy ekzarkhat, 2007. S.400 – 410.
Losskiy V.N. Ocherk misticheskogo bogosloviya vostochnoy tserkvi. Dogmaticheskoe bogoslovie – M.: Tsentr "SEI", 1991. S.288.
Mayorov G.G. Formirovanie srednevekovoy filosofii. Latinskaya patristika. – M.: URSS, 2009. S.296.
Pelikan Ya. Khristianskaya traditsiya. Istoriya razvitiya veroucheniya. Vozniknovenie kafolicheskoy traditsii [100-600]. Tom 1. – M.: Dukhovnaya biblioteka, 2007. S.375.
Pelikan Ya. Khristianskaya traditsiya. Istoriya razvitiya veroucheniya. Dukh vostochnogo khristianstva [600-1700]. Tom 2. – M.: Dukhovnaya biblioteka, 2009. S.317.
Ragulin I.R., Samsonov V.V. O vozmozhnom vliyanii na Boetsiya traditsiy kappadokiyskogo bogosloviya // www.trinitas.ru/rus/doc/0226/002a/02260030.htm
Rassel B. Istoriya zapadnoy filosofii. – SPb.: Azbuka, 2001. S.958.
Suini M. Lektsii po srednevekovoy filosofii. – M.: Greko-latinskiy kabinet, 2001. S.304.
Tatarkevich V. Istoriya filosofii. Antichnaya i srednevekovaya filosofiya. – Perm': Izd-vo Perm. un-ta, 2000. S.482.
Uil'yams R. Bogoslovie V.N. Losskogo: izlozhenie i kritika. – Kiev: DUKh I LITERA, 2009. S.336.
Fisher N. Filosofskoe voproshanie o Boge. – M.: Khristianskaya Rossiya, 2004. S.415.
Chursanov S.A. Ponyatie litsa () v Svyashchennom Pisanii i v filosofsko-terminologicheskom kontekste nachala epokhi Vselenskikh Soborov// Tserkov' i vremya, №2 (39), 2007. S.92-112.
Shenborn K. Ikona Khrista. Bogoslovskie osnovy. – M.: Khristianskaya Rossiya, 1999. S.232.
Shishkov A.M. Srednevekovaya intellektual'naya kul'tura. – M.: Izdatel' Savin S.A., 2003. S.592
Prokhorov M.M. Ontologiya: «bytie i nebytie» ili «bytie i sushchee»? // NB: Filosofskie issledovaniya. - 2013. - 5. - C. 1 - 102. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/fr/article_284.html
Koren' R.V. Triedinye sistemy kak metayazyk kartiny mira // NB: Filosofskie issledovaniya. - 2013. - 8. - C. 70 - 116. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/fr/article_722.html

References (transliteration):
Richardus S. Victoris. De Trinitate Libri Sex // PL. V.196. Col. 0887-0992B. Paris, 1855
Aristotel'. Sochineniya v chetyrekh tomakh. – M.: Mysl', 1976.
Afanasiy Velikiy. 4 poslaniya k Serapionu // Tvoreniya izhe vo svyatykh ottsa nashego Afanasiya Velikago, Arkhiepiskopa Aleksandriyskago. Chast' tret'ya. – M.: Svyato-Troitskaya Sergeeva Lavra, 1903. C. 3 – 91.
Boetsiy. «Uteshenie filosofiey» i drugie traktaty. – M.: Izdatel'stvo LKI, 2010. S.416.
Vasiliy Velikiy. Protiv Evnomiya // Tvoreniya: v 2 t. Tom pervyy. – M.: Sibirskaya blagozvonnitsa, 2008. S.169 – 319.
Grigoriy Bogoslov. Slova // Tvoreniya. T.1. – M.: Sibirskaya blagozvonnitsa, 2007. S.896.
Platon. Sobranie sochineniy v 4 t. – M.: Mysl', 1990.
Porfiriy. Vvedenie k «Kategoriyam» Aristotelya // Aristotel'. Kategorii. – M.: Gosudarstvennoe sotsial'no-ekonomicheskoe izdatel'stvo, 1939. S.84.
Tertullian. Protiv Prakseya // Tvoreniya Tertulliana. Chast' chetvertaya. – SPb, 1850. S.127-198.
Foma Akvinskiy. Summa teologii. – Kiev: Nika-Tsentr, 2002-2013
Armstrong A.Kh. Istoki khristianskogo bogosloviya. Vvedenie v antichnuyu filosofiyu. – SPb.: Izdatel'stvo Olega Abyshko, 2006. S.256.
Berkkhov L. Istoriya khristianskikh doktrin. – SPb.: Bibliya dlya vsekh, 2000. S.320.
Biryukov D.S. Problema universaliy v vizantiyskoy filosofii. – SPb.: GUAP, 2011. S.28
Bredshou D. Aristotel' na Vostoke i na Zapade: Metafizika i razdelenie khristianskogo mira. – M.: Yazyki slavyanskikh kul'tur, 2012. S.384
Gribanovskiy M. Lektsii po vvedeniyu v krug bogoslovskikh nauk. – Kiev: Prolog, 2003. S.252.
Zavershinskiy G. Bogoslovie dialoga: otnoshenie lyudey v veshchestvennom mire // Tserkov' i vremya, №2 (51), 2010. S.195 – 208.
Zavershinskiy G. Bogoslovie dialoga: trinitarnyy podkhod // Tserkov' i vremya, №2 (31), 2005. S.62 – 77.
Ziziulas I. Bytie kak obshchenie: ocherki o lichnosti i Tserkvi. – M.: Svyato-Filaretovskiy pravoslavno-khristianskiy institut, 2006. S.280.
Zotov A.F. Sovremennaya zapadnaya filosofiya. – M.: Vysshaya shkola, 2005. S.781.
Karsavin L.P. Svyatye Ottsy i Uchitelya Tserkvi. – M.: Izd-vo MGU, 1994. S.176.
Kontseptsii chelovecheskoy lichnosti v bogoslovii i religioznom soznanii Novogo i Noveyshego vremeni. – M.: IVI RAN, 2008. S.189.
Koplston F. Istoriya filosofii. Srednie veka. – M.: 2003. S.494.
Kurt F. Bog troichnoy lyubvi. – M.: Khristianskaya Rossiya, 2010. S.320.
Losskiy V.N. Bogoslovskoe ponyatie chelovecheskoy lichnosti // Bogovidenie. – Minsk: Belorusskiy ekzarkhat, 2007. S.400 – 410.
Losskiy V.N. Ocherk misticheskogo bogosloviya vostochnoy tserkvi. Dogmaticheskoe bogoslovie – M.: Tsentr "SEI", 1991. S.288.
Mayorov G.G. Formirovanie srednevekovoy filosofii. Latinskaya patristika. – M.: URSS, 2009. S.296.
Pelikan Ya. Khristianskaya traditsiya. Istoriya razvitiya veroucheniya. Vozniknovenie kafolicheskoy traditsii [100-600]. Tom 1. – M.: Dukhovnaya biblioteka, 2007. S.375.
Pelikan Ya. Khristianskaya traditsiya. Istoriya razvitiya veroucheniya. Dukh vostochnogo khristianstva [600-1700]. Tom 2. – M.: Dukhovnaya biblioteka, 2009. S.317.
Ragulin I.R., Samsonov V.V. O vozmozhnom vliyanii na Boetsiya traditsiy kappadokiyskogo bogosloviya // www.trinitas.ru/rus/doc/0226/002a/02260030.htm
Rassel B. Istoriya zapadnoy filosofii. – SPb.: Azbuka, 2001. S.958.
Suini M. Lektsii po srednevekovoy filosofii. – M.: Greko-latinskiy kabinet, 2001. S.304.
Tatarkevich V. Istoriya filosofii. Antichnaya i srednevekovaya filosofiya. – Perm': Izd-vo Perm. un-ta, 2000. S.482.
Uil'yams R. Bogoslovie V.N. Losskogo: izlozhenie i kritika. – Kiev: DUKh I LITERA, 2009. S.336.
Fisher N. Filosofskoe voproshanie o Boge. – M.: Khristianskaya Rossiya, 2004. S.415.
Chursanov S.A. Ponyatie litsa () v Svyashchennom Pisanii i v filosofsko-terminologicheskom kontekste nachala epokhi Vselenskikh Soborov// Tserkov' i vremya, №2 (39), 2007. S.92-112.
Shenborn K. Ikona Khrista. Bogoslovskie osnovy. – M.: Khristianskaya Rossiya, 1999. S.232.
Shishkov A.M. Srednevekovaya intellektual'naya kul'tura. – M.: Izdatel' Savin S.A., 2003. S.592
Prokhorov M.M. Ontologiya: «bytie i nebytie» ili «bytie i sushchee»? // NB: Filosofskie issledovaniya. - 2013. - 5. - C. 1 - 102. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/fr/article_284.html
Koren' R.V. Triedinye sistemy kak metayazyk kartiny mira // NB: Filosofskie issledovaniya. - 2013. - 8. - C. 70 - 116. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/fr/article_722.html

Reference:

Trofimova, K. P.. Peculiarities of Gypsy Religious Culture In Terms of the Balkans’ Religious Pluralism // Philosophy and Culture. – 2013. – № 9. – P. 1270-1280. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2013.9.9408.

rubric Религии и религиозное возрождение

DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2013.9.9408

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

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Abstract: Religious pluralism has been historically developed in the cultural environment of the Balkans and includes traditions of numerous ethnic groups, in particular, ethno-cultural groups of gypsies living in different parts of the region. Peculiarities of co-existence of diverse cultures and interactions between ethnic groups provide the content of religious traditions in this region. The author of the article describes forms of inter-cultural interactions that are typical for different gypsy communities and define the qualitative diversity of their religious traditions. This includes the main process of acculturation as well as assimilation and religious mimicry as its private models. The author also analyzes specific features of beliefs and practices developed in local religious traditions of gypsies such as: syncreticity and combinability and verbal or ‘folk’ nature of culture. It is noted that the current local traditions have an inter-cultural position in the religious system of the Balkan region and represent structures open for influence and transformation. Such special feature of gypsy religious culture defines the vector of its development based on socio-cultural environment and religious processes typical for South-Eastern Europe.

Keywords: religious pluralism, religious syncretism, combination, inter-cultural, acculturation, religious mimicry, assimilation, ethnic minority, gypsy, South-Eastern Europe.

Contact information: Trofimova Ksenia Pavlovna, 119991, Russia, Moscow, ul. Volkhonka 14/1, str. 5, komn. 413.

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Chast ІІІ. Sofiya: III, 2003, 284-290.
4. Religija i verski obychaji Roma. Nish, 2003.
5. Todoroviћ, D. Drushtvena udaљenost od roma (Etnichko-religijski okvir). Nish i Novi Sad, 2007.
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References (transliteration):
1. Ђorђeviћ T.R. Nash narodni zhivot. Kn'iga sedma. Beograd: Izdavachka kn'izharnitsa Getse Kona, 1933.
2. Ђorђeviћ D.B. Na koњu s laptopom u bisagama. Uvod u romoloshke studije. Novi Sad, 2010.
3. Erolova E. Markeri na samoidentifikatsiya pri romite kardarashi // Balkanski identichnosti.
Chast ІІІ. Sofiya: III, 2003, 284-290.
4. Religija i verski obychaji Roma. Nish, 2003.
5. Todoroviћ, D. Drushtvena udaљenost od roma (Etnichko-religijski okvir). Nish i Novi Sad, 2007.
6. Acković D. Tetkica Bibija. Proslave Bibija u ogledalu dnevne I periodične štampe u poslednjih sto godina.
Beograd: Rromintepress, 2004.
7. Crowe D.M. A history of the gypsies of Eastern Europe and Russia. N.Y.: St Martins Press, 1994.
8. Čvorović J. Gypsy Narratives: From Poverty to Culture. Etnografski Institut SANU, 2004.
9. Čvorović J. The making of the Gypsies: invention of traditions // Etnoantropoloshki problemi n.s. god. 1.
Sv.1, 2006.
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