Abstract: The subject of this study is the idea of «eternal life» in the worldview of V.I. Vernadsky, which is associated with the doctrine of «living matter». The purpose of the study is to show that the ideas of V.I. Vernadsky has deep historical, philosophical and historical-scientific roots, which can be understood as an integral consequence of the general process of cultural evolution of mankind, within the framework of which the initiative to give a historically defined and integral characteristic of worldview can proceed from one form or another spiritual culture (religion, morality, art, philosophy, science, etc.). The tasks of the study include: consideration of the most significant ideas and concepts (primarily from the point of view of V.I. Vernadsky) in the history of philosophy and science, which played an important role in the formation of the doctrine of «eternal life». In this study, a comprehensive cultural approach was applied, combining comparative, phenomenological and psychoanalytic research methods. The scientific novelty of this study is determined by the author's approach to the analysis of the selected object, the involvement of new sources in the scientific research. The author pays attention to the analysis of the connection between the «logic of natural science» and the doctrine of «living matter», the characterization of the concepts of «living matter», «eternity of life» and «noosphere» as the most characteristic expressions of the naturalistic worldview of V.I. Vernadsky. The main conclusion of this study was that the idea of «eternal life» was the main idea in the worldview of V.I. Vernadsky. Vernadsky raised an important question about the «logic of natural science» in connection with the doctrine of the «eternity of life».

Keywords: Aristotle, Teilhard de Chardin, Édouard Le Roy, noosphere, biosphere, natural science logic, living material, eternity of life, Vladimir Vernadsky, Democritus

Abstract: Prior to the jubilee of the famous Russian philosopher Abdusalam Gusinov, the member of the academy, we are publishing his interview for the newspaper “Izvestiya”. There the member of the academy discussed pluses and minuses of the Russian philosophy and the role and the place of philosophy in the modern world.

Keywords: philosophy, philosopher, progress, Russia, West.